MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Level II AACUP Accredited
Topic: Prevention Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia Recurrence
Description/ Overview: This health teaching is intended to provide the patient and his significant others the information
regarding PCAP, its causes and symptoms, in order to prevent recurrences within the household.
Materials/ Equipment: leaflets, cartolina, charts illustrating ways to get rid of vectors, videos to serve as simulation
General Objective: After a 15-minute discussion with lecture and return demonstration, the patient will be able to increase
his knowledge, develop his attitude and practice techniques on proper ways to prevent the recurrence of pneumonia.
Objectives
COGNITIVE:
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
a) Process the given
information and
explain his own
understanding of
the Pediatric
CommunityAcquired
Pneumonia
b) Determine the risk
factors of the
condition.
Learning Content
Teaching Strategy
Time Allotment
(in minutes)
Evaluation and
Assessment
Tool
1.
What is Pediatric
Community-Acquired
Pneumonia?
Community-acquired
pneumonia is the most
common type of
pneumonia. It occurs
outside of hospitals or
other health care
facilities. Pneumonia is
an infection that inflames
the air sacs in one or
both lungs. The air sacs
may fill with fluid or pus
(purulent material),
causing cough with
phlegm or pus, fever,
chills, and difficulty
breathing. A variety of
organisms, including
bacteria, viruses and
fungi, can cause
pneumonia.
Lecture using
leaflets, and
Interactive
Discussion
1 min
Oral summary
of what the
participant
learned
2.
What factors
increase the risk of
acquiring pneumonia?
Lecture using
leaflets, and
Interactive
Discussion
1 min
Flashcards/drill
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 1
Pneumonia can affect
anyone. But the two age
groups at highest risk are:
 Children who are 2
years old or younger
 People who are age 65
or older
Other risk factors include:




c)
Enumerate the
symptoms and
distinguish them
from other
conditions.
Being hospitalized
Chronic disease
Smoking
Weakened or
suppressed
immune system.
3.
Pneumonia
Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of
pneumonia vary from mild to
severe, depending on
factors such as the type of
germ causing the infection,
and your age and overall
health. Mild signs and
symptoms often are similar
to those of a cold or flu, but
they last longer.
Signs and symptoms of
pneumonia may include:
● Chest pain when
you breathe or
cough
● Confusion or
changes in mental
awareness (in
adults age 65 and
older)
● Cough, which may
produce phlegm
● Fatigue
Lecture using
leaflets, and
Interactive
Discussion
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 2
2 min
Q and A
● Fever, sweating
and shaking chills
● Lower than normal
body temperature
(in adults older than
age 65 and people
with weak immune
systems)
● Nausea, vomiting or
diarrhea
● Shortness of breath
PSYCHOMOTOR:
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
a) Develop a list of To help prevent pneumonia:
personal and
lifestyle
 Get vaccinated.
changes to be
 Make sure children
adapted in
get vaccinated
order to prevent
 Practice good
the condition
hygiene.
 Don't smoke
 Don’t allow
someone to smoke
inside the house
 Keep immune
system strong.
Lecture
Demonstration
using charts and
videos as
simulation.
AFFECTIVE:
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 3
9 min
Demonstration
with the use of
Performance
Evaluation
Checklist
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
a) Express
feelings and
concerns
regarding the
condition.
b) State
willingness to
apply the
proper ways of
pneumonia
prevention.
Open Forum
1 min
Open Forum
Open Forum
1 min
Open Forum
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 4
MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Level II AACUP Accredited
Topic: Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia Management (replenishing body fluids)
Description/ Overview: This health teaching is intended to provide the patient, and his significant others, information
regarding the management of Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia, specifically in maintaining hydration, in order to
alleviate suffering and supplement recovery. Pneumonia can also cause dehydration from fever and decreased thirst and
appetite, which may require treatment with extra fluids intravenously.
Materials/ Equipment: leaflets, cartolina, pentel pen, scotch tape, visual aids,
For OreSol preparation: 1L water distilled, 8 tsp sugar, 1 tsp rock salt, sterile container, ladle.
General Objective: After a 20-minute discussion with lecture and return demonstration, the patient will be able to increase
his knowledge, develop his attitude and enhance his techniques on proper ways to manage the dehydration during recovery.
Objectives
COGNITIVE:
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
a) Define
Hypovolemia and
enumerate its
symptoms
Learning Content
Teaching Strategy
Time Allotment
(in minutes)
Evaluation and
Assessment
Tool
1.
What is
Hypovolemia?
Fluid volume deficit (FVD)
or hypovolemia is a state or
condition where the fluid
output exceeds the fluid
intake. It occurs when the
body loses both water and
electrolytes from the ECF in
similar proportions.
Lecture using
leaflets, and
Interactive
Discussion
3 min
Oral summary
of what the
participant
learned
The following are the
common signs and
symptoms presented for
dehydrated patients:
● Alterations in
mental state
● Patient complaints
of weakness and
thirst that may or
may not be
accompanied by
tachycardia or weak
pulse
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 5
● Weight loss
(depending on the
severity of fluid
volume deficit)
● Concentrated urine,
decreased urine
output
● Dry mucous
membranes,
sunken eyeballs
● Weak pulse,
tachycardia
● Decreased skin
turgor
● Decreased blood
pressure, hemoconcentration
● Postural
hypotension
b) Explain the
association of
PCAP with
hypovolemia.
c) State the
importance of
maintaining
hydration
2.
Why is it
manifested in
pneumonia?
Pneumonia can lead to a
COPD exacerbation
(“breathing attack”), which
can cause coughing,
wheezing, and shortness of
breath. As a result, a low
oxygen level may develop,
requiring the use of oxygen
until the pneumonia clears
up. Pneumonia can also
cause dehydration from
fever and decreased thirst
and appetite, which may
require treatment with extra
fluids intravenously.
3.
Why is
replenishing body fluids
vital in the given
scenario?
Rehydration is important to
improve chances at a
speedy recovery. It is
essential to replenish body
fluids so that the immune
system can fend longer in
Lecture using
leaflets, and
Interactive
Discussion
1 min
Q and A
Lecture using
leaflets, and
Interactive
Discussion
1 min
Oral summary
of what the
participant
learned
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 6
battling with the self-limiting
virus.
d) Enumerate best
liquids to be
consumed for fluid
replenishment
PSYCHOMOTOR:
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
a) Return
demonstrate the
preparation of a
homemade Oral
Rehydrating
Solution
4.
Ensure that you
Lecture using
take a lot of fluids and
Visual aids
stay well hydrated.
● Drink adequate
water
● Other fluids like
coconut water,
papaya leaf juice,
neem juice and
other juices are also
recommended
● Consume at
frequent intervals,
or per doctor’s
orders, to keep your
body well hydrated.
● Avoid caffeine and
alcohol as indicated
to reduce effects of
diuresis.
1 min
Q and A
1.
Oral rehydration
therapy
Is recommended for
patients with moderate
dehydration caused by high
fever and vomiting.
Preparation, in case of
emergencies:
● Pour 1 liter of
sterilized/distilled
water (5 glasses) to
the clean container.
7 min
Return
Demonstration
with the use of
Performance
Evaluation
Checklist
Lecture
Demonstration
using the Oresol
preparation
materials
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 7
● Take a teaspoon of
rock salt levelled by a
ladle and pour into the
water.
● Add 8 teaspoons of
sugar levelled by a
ladle into the water
and stir.
● Taste the mixture. If it
is saltier than tears,
discard the solution
and prepare another
mixture using same
process.
(You can also make a
mixture of 1 glass by
adding 1 pinch of salt and
2 teaspoons of sugar.)
AFFECTIVE:
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
a) State willingness
to apply the
preparation of
Oresol for dire
cases.
b) Express feelings
and concerns
regarding
adequate
hydration
Open Forum
1 min
Open Forum
Open Forum
1 min
Open Forum
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 8
MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Level II AACUP Accredited
Topic: Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia Management (proper nutrition)
Description/ Overview: This health teaching is intended to provide the patient information regarding the management of
PCAP, specifically in balancing nutrition, in order to alleviate suffering and supplement recovery. Pneumonia causes the
lungs' air sacs (alveoli) to become inflamed and fill up with fluid or pus. That can make it hard for the oxygen you breathe in
to get into your bloodstream. Although less common, some people experience pneumonia symptoms such as fatigue,
nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite.
Materials/ Equipment: leaflets, cartolina, scotch tape, visual aids
General Objective: After a 10-minute discussion with lecture and return demonstration, the patient will be able to increase
his knowledge, develop his attitude and enhance his techniques on proper ways to manage weakness and boost the
immune system while recovering.
Objectives
COGNITIVE:
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
d) Explain the
importance of
balanced nutrition
for a pneumonia
patient.
e)
Determine best
food sources for
pneumonia
patients nutritional
needs
Learning Content
Teaching Strategy
Time Allotment
(in minutes)
Evaluation and
Assessment
Tool
1.
Importance of
nutrition in Pneumonia:
Symptoms of pneumonia
include coughing (with
green, yellow, or bloody
mucus), fever, chills,
shortness of breath,
nausea, low energy,
stabbing chest pains,
shallow breaths, and a loss
of appetite. Thus, a healthy
immune system is needed
to support the human body
until it is free of the
infection.
Lecture using
leaflets, and
Interactive
Discussion
2 min
Oral summary
of what the
participant
learned
2.
What to eat and
what to avoid
Generally the symptoms of
pneumonia include high
body temperature, sweating,
chills, coughing that may
produce phlegm, shortness
of breath and chest pain.
Lecture using
Visual aids and
Interactive
Discussion
2 min
Q and A
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 9
One must visit a doctor and
take the prescribed drugs
along with rest. During this
the body requires specific
nutrients which has to be
followed to keep the
situation in check. There is
a severe risk of getting
dehydrated and hence the
diet must include a lot of
fluids. It is commonly
observed that patients
develop a condition known
as anorexia for a temporary
period in which the patient
loses the feeling to eat.
The patient must be kept on
a liquid diet and foods that
are easily consumed like:
- Fruit & vegetable
smoothies
- Water
- Veggie soups
- Fresh organic
vegetables
Foods to limit:
- Sugary products
- Soft drinks
- Commercially
processed foods
- Foods with artificial
ingredients
- Milk and dairy
products, as they
contribute greatly to
mucus in the body
- Caffeinated
products
PSYCHOMOTOR:
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
f) Establish a list or
menu of favorite
food to eat, within
the parameters of
Provide a selection of foods
that are within the
parameters of the patient’s
diet plan. The nurse could
Lecture
Demonstration
using
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 10
4 min
Output
Evaluation
the patient’s diet
plan.
help through suggestion
and recommendation.
AFFECTIVE:
Upon the completion of
the lesson, the patient
will be able to:
g) State willingness
to apply the
learning about
proper nutrition for
pneumonia
patients.
Open Forum
1 min
Open Forum
Open Forum
1 min
Open Forum
h) Express feelings
and concerns
regarding the
topic.
REFERRENCES:
Firdous, H. (n.d.). Diet Chart For Pneumonia. Retrieved from Lybrate: https://www.lybrate.com/topic/diet-for-pneumonia
Pneumonia. (2020, June 13). Retrieved from Mayo Clinic: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204
Patient R / Medicare Room, Bed 1 | 11