KINGDOM ANIMALIA: PHYLUM SUMMARY TABLE Phylum Examples PORIFERA Sponges Body type Asymmetry CNIDARIA Sea jellies, Hydra, coral colonies, sea anemones Radial symmetry PLATYHELMINTHES (flatworms) Planaria, tapeworm Bilateral symmetry NEMATODA (roundworms) Trichinella, hookworm, nematode Bilateral symmetry ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Earthworm, polychaete worms, leech Bilateral symmetry (Symmetry) Ecological roles Body organization (# germ layers) Body cavity Digestive system Reproduction Food source home / shelter symbiotic with bacteria 2 germ layers Ectoderm, endoderm Acoelom Filter feed: collar cells, food vacuoles, osculum Sexual: heramaphroditic – gametes released in H2O Asexual: budding, branching, fragmentation Food source Reef- home, protect shores Chem. – anticancer 2 layers: ecto & endo With mesoglea between Acoelom Food source Parasitic Eat dead animals – saprophyte 3 layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm Acoelom Food source Parasitic Aerate soil Breakdown material 3 layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm Pseudocoelom Food source Parasitic Aerate soil Breakdown material 3 layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm Coelom Gastrovascular cavity, mouth, and nematocysts to capture food Mouth and gastrovascular cavity Complete digestive system: mouth & anus Complete digestive system: mouth & anus Mouth also serves as anus Special organs Special organs Sexual: male & female medusa – gametes fuse Sexual: hermaphroditic – cross fertilization Sexual: separate sexes = dioecious Sexual: hermaphroditic – cross fertilization Asexual: budding, regeneration Asexual: fragmentation Circulation Diffusion Diffusion None Nerve net Respiration Diffusion Diffusion Diffusion through skin Diffusion through skin Excretion Diffusion Mouth Tubes open to outside & mouth Anus Habitat Water – lakes and oceans Water – ocean Nervous system Diffusion Cephalization – brain Nerves Eyespots & auricles Sensory – light , chemicals Host – intestine Rivers Diffusion Brain Ganglion Nerves Sensory Host (blood, intestine) Soil Aortic arches, blood, blood vessels = closed system Brain Ganglion Nerves Sensory – light/chemical/ mechanical Land- Pharynx, gulp air Water - gills Nephridia, tubes, anus Host (external) Soil, Water KINGDOM ANIMALIA: PHYLUM SUMMARY TABLE Phylum Examples Body type Ecological roles MOLLUSCA Snail, slug, clam, mussel, squid, octopus, chitons Bilateral symmetry Food source Predator – control populations ECHINODERMATA Sea stars, sea cucumber, feather stars, sea urchins Radial symmetry Food source Control animal/algae populations Recycle nutrients Chemicals – anticancer/ antiviral Body organization (# of germ layers) Body Cavity 3 layers: endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm 3 layers: endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm ARTHROPODA Crayfish, insects, spiders, millipedes Bilateral symmetry Food source Predator Pollinator Control population Parasites Job Vector for parasite Honey Destroy crops Silkworm 3 layers: endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm Coelom Coelom Coelom Digestive system Reproduction Circulation Complete digestive system – mouth & anus Radula – cephalopoda, gastropoda, polyplacophora Filter feeding – bivalvia Sexual: Dioecious – bivalvia, gastropoda, cephalopoda Hermaphroditic- gastropoda Trochophore larvae Complete digestive system – mouth & anus Sexual: Dioecious Closed system Closed: cephalopoda Accessory heart Brain , nerves – cephalopoda Nerves – bivalvia, polyplacophora Light receptors Respiration Aquatic: gills Land: special mantle with hole Sexual: Dioecious Asexual: some regenerate parts Asexual: regeneration – lost arm Open: gastropoda, bivalvia, polyplacophora Nervous system Complete digestive system – mouth & anus Nerve cords but NO brain! Tube feet – sensory Tube feet & skin gills – diffusion Excretion nephridia anus Tube feet – diffusion Habitat Water mainly Land – slug & snail Water – ocean Open system Heart Sinuses – tissue bathed in blood Brain and nerves Tracheal system Book lungs/gills gills Anus Malpighian tubules Spiracles Water & land – everywhere!