Business
Research
( BRM )
Methods
Chapter 1
Foundations of Research
1.
Which of the following is the characteristic of research?
2.
(a) Search for knowledge
(c) Scientific process
Business research is ____________.
(b) Objectivity
(d) All the above
(a) About statistical analysis
(b) Always complex and difficult to understand
(c) About investigating some aspect of business
(d) Not really relevant
3.
Research can help business organizations to ____________.
(a) Solve business problem
(c)
4.
(b)
Decide strategy and plans
Take decisions.
(d)
All the above
Research can be used by organizations ____________.
(a) Doing business of consumer durables or nondurables
(b) Doing business of industrial products
(c) Providing services
(d) All the above
5.
Research is an expensive, sophisticated process that is often beyond the reach of small
businesses with their limited budgets.
(a) True
6.
(b)
False
Research can be used by ____________.
(a) Small-scale organizations
(c)
7.
(b)
Large-scale organizations
Medium-scale organizations
(d)
All the above
Research can be applied in which of the following functional area of business?
(a) Marketing (b)
Finance
(c)
All the above
HRM
(d)
88
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
8.
9.
The researcher should never report flaws in research design and estimate their effect on the
findings.
(a) True
(b)
False
Which of these is not a characteristic of a good research?
(a) Purpose clearly defined
(c)
(b)
Scientific research process
Research design thoroughly planned(d)
Findings presented ambiguously
10. To qualify research, the research process must be systematic. This means researcher tries to:
(a) minimize the
relationship
effect of
among those
other factors affecting
factors considered.
the
(b) make sure that whatever is concluded in the findings is correct and could be verified by
others.
(c) ensure
that
gathered
conclusions
are
drawn using
from collected information.
hard
evidence
(d) follow a certain logical sequence in adopting the procedures needed to undertake an
investigation
11. Research methodology can is similar to undertaking a journey. It can be thought of as:
(a) an attempt to discover or establish a relationship between two or more aspects of a
situation.
(b) structured enquiry that utilizes acceptable methods.
(c) the path to finding answers to your research questions.
(d) having a clear-cut goals that have a clear path to follow in order to achieve them.
12. To qualify research, the research process must be empirical. This means researcher tries to
(a) minimize the
relationship
effect of
among those
other factors affecting
factors considered.
the
(b) make sure that whatever is concluded in the findings is correct and could be verified by
others.
(c) ensure
that
gathered
conclusions
are
drawn using
from collected information.
hard
evidence
(d) follow a certain logical sequence in adopting the procedures needed to undertake an
investigation.
13. Identify the characteristics of research:
1.
Systematic
2.
3.
Rigid
4.
Empirical
5.
Elastic
(a) 2, 3, 4
(b)
1, 2, 5
(c)
(d)
3, 4, 5
1, 4
Uncontrolled
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
89
14. Which system provides manager with current or ongoing information about events and trends
in business environment?
(a) Business Intelligence (BI)
(b)
Business Knowledge ( BK )
(c)
(d)
Decision Support System ( DSS )
Business Ideas (BI)
15. Business
Intelligence
is
everyday
information
about
developments in
the
business environment that assists managers in
preparation of plans and strategies. This information is obtained from which of the following
sources?
(a) Customer feedback
(b) Trade Journal
(c) Newspaper articles
(d) All of the above
16. BIS collects information about current happenings in ____________.
(a) Only Macro Environment
(c)
(b)
Only Micro Environment
Both Macro and Micro Environment (d)
None of the above
17. The explosive growth of internet has accelerated the pace of information collection and
distribution. This dramatic growth is beneficial to which of the following tools?
(a) Business Intelligence (BI)
(b)
Business Knowledge ( BK )
(c)
(d)
Busyness Intelligent ( BI )
Business Ideas (BI)
18. An interactive, computer-based information system that analyses data is ____________.
(a) Transaction Processing System
(b)
Decision Support System
(c)
(d)
Expert System
(a) Business Intelligence System
(b)
Decision Support System
(c)
(d)
Expert System
Executive Information System
19. Which system supports decision-making?
Executive Information System
20. Which one of the following is not a component of the Decision Support System?
(a) Communications
(b)
(c)
Models
Display (d)
Data
21. Which of the following is a characteristic of Decision Support System?
(a)
Interactive
(b) User Friendly
(c)
Discovery Oriented
(d) All the above
22. What are the two types of arguments?
(a)
Deduction and Induction
(b) Exploratory and Deductive
(c)
Dejection and Injection
(d) None of the above
23. Which form of reasoning is the process of drawing a general conclusion from a set of premises?
(a) Rationalism
(c)
(b)
Inductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
(d)
Probabilistic
90
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
24. Which scientific method is a top-down or confirmatory approach?
(a) Deductive method (b)
Inductive method
(c)
(d)
Hypothesis method
None of the above
25. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the scientific method?
(a) Deterministic
(b)
Rationalism
(c)
(d)
Abstraction
Empirical
26. Observable experience in research is also called as ____________.
(a)
Generalisation
(b) Unknown phenomena
(c)
Causal experience
(d) Empirical evidence
27. Empiricism is based on ____________.
(a)
Experimentation
(b) Observation
(c)
Experience
(d) All the above
28. The step-by-step process by which the research project is conducted is known as: (a) The
research process
(b) The process of describing research
(c) The process of developing research ideas
(d) The process of gathering data for a research project
29. Research process has following stages. What is the correct sequence of them?
1. Research Proposal
2.
3. Research Reporting
4.
5. Define Problem
6.
(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b)
(c) 5,6,1,2,4,3
(d)
30. The first step in the research process is the:
Data Collection
Data Analysis and Interpretation
Research Design
5 ,6,2,4,3, 1
5 ,1,6,2,4, 3
(a) Development of the research plan
(b) Survey of stakeholders to find if problems exist
(c) Collection of the available sources for needed information
(d) Definition of the problem
31. What should a business researcher do once he or she has defined the problem?
(a) Collect the information
(c)
(b)
Develop a research plan (d)
Data analysis
Develop a data collection instrument
32. Which of the following is not a step in research process?
(a) Develop a research plan
(c)
(b)
Define the problem
Evaluate the competitor strategies (d)
Data analysis
33. Adequate analysis of the data is the least difficult phase of research for the novice.
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
(a) True
(b)
91
False
34. Which is typically the most expensive step of business research process?
(a) Problem definition (b)
Developing the research plan
(c)
Data analysis
Data collection (d)
35. Which step in the business research process is generally considered to be the most prone to
errors?
(a) Problem Definition (b) Data Analysis (c) Questionnaire Design (d) Data Collection
36. A management dilemma triggers the need for a research.
(a) True
(b)
False
37. Research really begins when the management experiences ____________.
(a) Turmoil
(b) Difficulty
(c) Confusion
(d) Emotions
38. In the research process, the management question has the following critical activity in sequence.
(a) Origin, selection, statement, exploration and refinement
(b) Origin, statement, selection, exploration and refinement
(c) Origin, exploration, selection, refinement, and statement
(d) Origin, exploration, refinement, selection and statement
39. There are following three types of problems. What is the sequence in which they are formulated?
1.
Investigation Problem
3.
Management Problem
(a) 1,2,3
(b)
2 ,3, 1
(c)
(d)
3 ,2, 1
3,1,2
2.
Research Problem
40. Which of these is a precisely-defined problem definition?
(a) Why are current sales so poor?
(b) Will additional advertising have a positive impact on sales?
(c) Are we in compliance with current local pricing legislation?
(d) What per cent of adults recall an ad two days after it appeared?
41. Which problem is derived from management problem?
(a) Research Problem (b)
Investigation Problem
(c)
(d)
Measurement Problem
None of the above
42. Which problem is derived from research problem?
(a) Management Problem
(b)
Investigation Problem
(c)
(d)
None of the above
Measurement Problem
43. The focus of management problem is on ____________.
92
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Information needed (b)
Action or Intension
(c)
(d)
Decision required
Both b and c
44. The focus of research problem is on ____________.
(a) Information needed (b)
Areas of investigation
(c)
(d)
Decision required
Action or Intension
45. A research proposal is also known as:
(a) Work plan (b)
Outline (c)
Draft plan
(d)
All of the above
46. The purpose of research proposal is to:
(a) To get approval from management regarding research.
(b) To present question to be researched and its importance.
(c) To outline how research will be conducted to solve the problem.
(d) All the above.
47. A research proposal made by the staff of the company is called ____________.
(a)
External Research Proposal
(c)
Both a and b
(d)
(b)
Internal Research Proposal
None of the above
48. The one which will appear in a research proposal is ____________.
(a)
Business Objective
(b)
Research Objective
(c)
Marketing Objective
(d)
Creative Objective
49. In order to acquaint yourself with the knowledge in the research area of interest, you are required
to:
(a)
Do literature review
(b)
Do a survey in the research area.
(c)
Formulate the research questions. (d)
All the above.
50. The following is included in the research proposal.
(a)
Resources Required
(b)
(c)
Research Plan
All the above
(d)
Research Problem
93
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
Answer Key of Chapter No. 1
1.
(d)
11.
(c)
21.
(d)
31.
(c)
41.
(a)
2.
(c)
12.
(c)
22.
(a)
32.
(c)
42.
(b)
3.
(d)
13.
(c)
23.
(c)
33.
(b)
43.
(d)
4.
(d)
14.
(a)
24.
(a)
34.
(c)
44.
(a)
5.
(b)
15.
(d)
25.
(d)
35.
(d)
45.
(d)
6.
(d)
16.
(c)
26.
(d)
36.
(a)
46.
(d)
7.
(d)
17.
(a)
27.
(d)
37.
(a)
47.
(b)
8.
(b)
18.
(b)
28.
(a)
38.
(a)
48.
(b)
9.
(d)
19.
(b)
29.
(d)
39.
(d)
49.
(a)
10.
(d)
20.
(a)
30.
(d)
40.
(d)
50.
(d)
Chapter 2
Research Design
1. What is a research design?
(a) A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
(b) The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.
(c) A scientific plan for the collection and analysis of data.
(d) The style in which you present research findings.
2. The following is included in research design:
(a) Type and sources of data
(b)
(c)
All the above
Sampling design (d)
Data collection method and instrument
3. Which one of the following is not a feature of the good research design?
(a) Effective
(c)
(b)
Scientific
Rigid
(d)
Efficient
4. The distinction between quantitative and qualitative data in social research is ____________.
(a)
(c)
data
theory and method
numerical and non-numerical
(b) good data and less good data
(d) philosophy and religion
94
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
5. Quantitative data is in the form of:
(a)
Images
(b) Numbers
(c)
Attitudes
(d) Impressions
6. In quantitative approach generally which logic is used?
(a) Inductive logic
(c)
(b)
Predictive logic (d)
Deductive logic
None of the above
7. ____________ approach generally uses non-probability sampling method.
(a) Qualitative (b)
Quantitative (c) Causal (d)
None of the above
8. Conclusions from quantitative research are ____________.
(a) More certain than that of qualitative research
(b) of little practical use
(c) Seldom defensible
(d) of descriptive value only
9. ____________ approach uses rigorous statistical analysis.
(a)
Quantitative
(b)
(c)
Exploratory
(d)
10. Qualitative data is measured ____________.
(a)
Objectively
(b)
(c)
Precisely
(d)
11. Which is an example of qualitative data?
(a)
Sales
(b)
Qualitative
All the above
Subjectively
Accurately
Inventory
(c)
Profit (d)
Emotions
12. What does qualitative data measures?
(a)
Satisfaction
(b)
Perception
(c)
Attitude (d)
All the above
13. ____________ is the term used to describe combination of approaches or techniques in a
research.
(a)
Triangulation
(b)
Combination
(c)
Both a and b
(d)
None of the above
14. ____________ research is the research which explores and searches information to provide
insights and understanding of the problem situation or phenomena.
(a) Exploratory(b)
Descriptive
(c)
None of the above
Causal (d)
15. The purpose of ____________ research is to help in the process of developing a clear and
precise statement of the research problem rather than in providing a definitive answer.
(a) Marketing (b)
Causal
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
(c)
Exploratory
(d)
95
Descriptive
16. The main kinds of observation methods used in data gathering are:
(a) Near observation and distant observation
(b) Participant observation and non-participant observation (c) Close observation and distant
observation
(d)
Researcher observation and non-researcher observation
17. In an undisguised observation respondents are unaware about the fact that they are being
observed.
(a) True
(b)
False
18. In a focus group:
(a) The
researcher
focusing
on
facilitates
a
and
discussing
group of
people in
the phenomenon.
(b) The researcher interviews a group of people.
(c) The researcher interviews one person.
(d) The researcher photographs a group of people.
19. What is the role of the moderator in a focus group?
(a) To stimulate discussion and keep the conversation on track.
(b) To ask leading questions and dominate the discussion.
(c) To sit away from the group and observe their behaviour.
(d) To evaluate the group's performance on a particular task.
20. In experienced survey, data is collected from experts or experienced people.
(a) True
(b)
False
21. The depth interview is ____________ in which the interviewee is encouraged to talk
extensively.
(a) Structured Interview (b) Focus Interview (c) Unstructured Interview (d) Telephonic
Interview
22. Projective Techniques are embedded in depth interviews.
(a) True
(b)
False
23. Which word comes to your mind when you think of ‘Mercedes Benz’? This question is example
of which projective technique?
(a) Association (b )
Completion
(c)
(d)
Construction
Expressive
24. In ____________ projective techniques, individual is presented with a verbal or visual situation
and asked to relate the feelings and attitude of other people with the situation.
(a) Association (b)
Completion
96
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
(c)
Construction
(d)
Expressive
25. Exploratory research is a conclusive type of research.
(a) True
(b)
False
26. The following are the qualitative techniques used for exploratory research except:
(a) Observation
(c)
(b)
Projective Techniques
Focus Group
(d)
Experiment
27. Descriptive Research Design is ____________.
(a) Structured (b)
Unstructured or Flexible
(c)
(d)
Can be a or b
Can’t say
28 Which of the following technique is best suitable for descriptive research?
(a)
Observation
(b)
Depth Interviews
(c)
Focus Group
(d)
Survey
29. The following is type of descriptive research.
(a) Cross-sectional Research
(b)
(c)
Causal Research
Both a and b
(d)
Longitudinal Research
30. What is a cross-sectional design?
(a) A study of two or more sections of society.
(b) The collection of data from more than one case at one moment in time.
(c) A comparison of two or more variables over a long period of time.
(d) A study which is repeated over an extended period of time.
31. In which type of descriptive research one can measure changes of behaviour of same sample of
respondents about same variables over a period of time?
(a) Cross-sectional research
(b)
Longitudinal Research
(c)
Both a and b
(d)
None of the above
32. When we try to explain the cause and effect relationships among variables, the research is
called____________.
(a)
Exploratory Research
(b) Descriptive Research
(c)
Causal Research
(d) Qualitative Research
33. Causal research is ____________.
(a)
Exploratory study
(b) Longitudinal study
(c)
Cross sectional study
(d) Experimental study
34. In an experimental research study, the primary goal is to identify the effect produced by the
____________.
(a)
Dependent variable
Independent variable
(b)
(d)
Extraneous variable (c)
Confounding variable
35 In social research the causal relationships are ____________.
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
36.
(a)
Deterministic
(b)
Probabilistic
(c)
Can be a or b
(d)
None of the above
Mill’s method of ____________ states: When two or more cases of a given phenomenon have
one and only one condition in common, then that condition may be regarded as cause of the
phenomenon.
(a)
37.
38.
Both a and b
The concomitant relationship condition
(b)
The temporal antecedence condition
(c)
The lack of alternative explanation condition
(d)
All of the above
(d)
None of the above
The variable which is manipulated by the researcher to check its effect is ____________.
Dependent (b)
Independent
Co-dependent
(d)
All the above
The following are the synonyms for independent variable except:
(a)
(c)
Stimulus
(b)
Consequence
Input
(d)
Presumed Cause
Which of the following is the synonym for dependent variable?
(a)
(c)
41.
Difference (c)
(a)
(c)
40.
Agreement (b)
Which of the following is necessary condition for causation?
(a)
39.
97
Output
(b)
Effect (d)
Criterion
All the above
The variable which can affect dependent variable but presently not included in the scope of
study is called ____________.
(a) Independent variable
(b) Extraneous variable
(c) Effect variable
(d) None of the above
42. The group that does not receive the experimental treatment but participates in the study is the
____________.
(a) Experimental group
(c) Treatment group
43. Hypothesis is ____________.
44.
(b) Control group
(d) Independent group
(a)
Assumption which does not have any relation with the research problem.
(b)
Most possible proposed solution of the research problem.
(c)
Assumption whose validity needs to be checked.
(d)
Both b and c are correct.
What is the quality of a good hypothesis?
(a)
Specific and precise
98
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
45.
(b)
Empirically testable
(c)
Indicate relationship between variables
(d)
All the above
Which hypothesis states that there is no relationship between variables?
(a)
(c)
46.
47.
Null
(b)
Both a and b
Alternate
(d)
None of the above
Alternate hypothesis can be formed in the following ways except:
(a)
Not equal to
(b)
Greater than
(c)
Less than
(d)
Equal to
The null and alternate hypothesis divides all possibilities into ____________. (a) Two sets that
overlap
(b) Two non-overlapping sets
(c) Two sets that may or may not overlap
(d) As many sets to cover all the possibilities
48.
49.
50.
Which of the following is true of null and alternate hypothesis?
(a)
One hypothesis must be true
(b)
Both hypotheses must be true
(c)
Both hypotheses must be false
(d)
None of the above
Type I error in hypothesis testing means:
(a)
True null hypothesis is rejected
(b)
False null hypothesis is accepted
Type II error in hypothesis testing means
(a)
True null hypothesis is rejected
(b)
False null hypothesis is accepted
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
99
Answer Key of Chapter No. 2
1.
(c)
11.
(d)
21.
(c)
31.
(b)
41.
(b)
2.
(d)
12.
(d)
22.
(a)
32.
(c)
42.
(b)
3.
(b)
13.
(a)
23.
(a)
33.
(d)
43.
(d)
4.
(c)
14.
(a)
24.
(d)
34.
(c)
44.
(d)
5.
(b)
15.
(c)
25.
(b)
35.
(b)
45.
(a)
6.
(b)
16.
(b)
26.
(d)
36.
(a)
46.
(d)
7.
(a)
17.
(b)
27.
(a)
37.
(d)
47.
(b)
8.
(a)
18.
(a)
28.
(d)
38.
(c)
48.
(a)
9.
(a)
19.
(a)
29.
(c)
39.
(c)
49.
(a)
10.
(b)
20.
(a)
30.
(b)
40.
(d)
50.
(b)
100
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 3
Measurement and Data
1.
____________ is the assignment of numbers or other symbols to characteristics of objects
according to certain pre-specified rules.
(a) Scaling
(c)
2.
Measurement
(c)
Scale
Scaling
Scale
Reliability
(c)
Practicality
Validity (d)
____________ is a scale whose numbers serve only as labels or tags for identifying and
classifying objects with a strict one-to-one correspondence between the numbers and the
objects.
(b)
Ordinal (d)
Nominal
Interval
Which of the following statistics is permissible in case of nominal data?
(a) Mean
(b)
Median
(c)
(d)
Parametric Tests
Mode
____________ is a ranking scale in which numbers are assigned to objects to indicate the
relative extent to which some characteristic is possessed. Thus, it is possible to determine
whether an object has more or less of a characteristic than some other object.
(c)
(b)
Ordinal (d)
Nominal
Interval
Ranking of players in the tournament constitute a ___________ scale.
(a) Ratio
(c)
9.
Scaling
(a) Flexibility (b)
(a) Ratio
8.
Rating
The following are the qualities of good measurement except ____________.
(c)
7.
(b)
Ranking (d)
(a) Ratio
6.
(d)
____________ is an instrument or continuum used for measurement.
(c)
5.
(b)
Ranking (d)
(a) Rating
4.
Ranking
____________ is a process of designing an instrument or continuum for measurement.
(a) Rating
3.
(b)
(b)
Ordinal (d)
Nominal
Interval
Which of the following statistics is permissible in case of ordinal data?
(a) Mean
(c)
(b)
Median
Standard Deviation
(d)
Parametric Tests
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
101
10. ____________ is a scale in which numbers are used to rank the objects such that numerically
equal distances on a scale represents equal distances in the characteristics being measured.
(a) Ratio
(b) Nominal
(c) Ordinal
(d) Interval
11. Which of the following statistics is permissible in case of interval data?
(a) Mean
(c)
(b)
Variance
Standard Deviation
(d)
All the above
12. ____________ scale has an arbitrary or assumed zero or origin.
(a) Ratio
(c)
(b)
Ordinal (d)
Nominal
Interval
13. The ____________ is the highest scale. It allows the researcher to identify or classify objects,
rank order the objects, and compare intervals or differences. It is also meaningful to compute
ratios of scale values.
(a) Ratio
(c)
(b)
Interval (d)
Ordinal
Nominal
14. Sales, cost, market share and profit are variables which are measure using ____________
scale.
(a) Ratio
(c)
(b)
Ordinal (d)
Nominal
Interval
15. Parametric tests are possible on which of the following type of data?
16.
17.
18.
19.
(a)
Nominal
(b)
Interval
(c)
Ordinal (d)
None of the above
____________ is the most primitive scale.
(a)
Ratio (b)
Ordinal
(c)
Nominal
(d)
Interval
____________ is the most perfect scale.
(a)
Nominal
(b)
Ordinal
(c)
Interval (d)
Ratio
Rating scales are ___________ scales.
(a)
Ranking (b)
Monadic
(c)
Comparative
(d)
None of the above
____________ is a scale in which each object is measured and scaled independently of the other
objects.
(a) Ranking
(c)
(b)
Comparative
Rating
(d)
None of the above
20. ____________ scale has two response options.
(a) Multiple choice
(b)
Likert
102
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
(c)
Dichotomous
(d)
Semantic Differential
21. ____________ is a scaling technique in which respondents are required to allocate constant sum
of points to various attributes based on their relative importance or preference.
(a) Rank Order
(b) Constant Sum
(c) Paired Comparison
(d) Q-sort
22. In a ____________ scale respondents rate the objects by placing a mark at the appropriate
position on a line that runs from one extreme of the criterion variable to the other.
(a) Likert
(c)
(b)
Constant Sum
Semantic Differential
(d)
Continuous Rating
23. Which of the following is not a type of itemized rating scale?
(a) Likert
(c)
(b)
Graphic Rating
Semantic Differential
(d)
None of the above
24. A ____________ is a measurement scale with five response categories ranging from “strongly
disagree” to “strongly agree,” which requires the respondents to indicate degree of agreement
or disagreement with each of a series of statements related to the stimulus objects.
(a) Likert
(c)
(b)
Continuous Rating Scale
Semantic Differential
(d)
None of the above
25. A ____________ is a seven point rating scale with endpoints associated with bi-polar labels that
have semantic meaning.
(a) Likert
(c)
(b)
Continuous Rating
Semantic Differential
(d)
None of the above
26. The ____________ is a comparative scaling technique in which a respondent is presented with
two objects at a time and asked to select one object in the pair according to some criterion. The
data obtained is ordinal in nature.
(a) Rank Order (b)
Constant Sum
(c)
Paired Comparison
Q-sort (d)
27. ____________ is a comparative scaling technique in which respondents are presented with
several objects simultaneously and asked to order or rank them according to some criterion.
(a) Rank Order (b)
Q-sort
(c)
(d)
Constant Sum
Paired Comparison
28. Which of the following is not a type of non-comparative scale?
(a)
Likert
(c)
Semantic Differential
29. What is secondary data?
(a)
Unimportant data
(c)
Ordinal data
(b) Rank Order
(d) None of the Above
(b) Ordinary data
(d) Existing data
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
103
30. ____________ data exist in some or the other form and is collected already by somebody else
for the purpose other than the problem at hand.
(a) Primary data (b) Both a and b (c) Secondary data (d) None of the above
31. The advantage of secondary data is ____________.
(a) It is always complete
(b) It is always relevant
(c) It is always current
(d) It is inexpensive
32. The disadvantage of secondary data is ____________.
(a) It may not be correct
(b)
(d)
It is existing data
It is inexpensive (c)
It
is
fast
to
obtain
33. Secondary data is generally used for following reasons except.
(a) Identify or refine the research problem
(b) Decide research design (c)
(d)
Formulate hypothesis
Evaluate new products
34. Which one of the following secondary data is obtained from the internal source?
(a) Magazine reviews (b)
(c)
Past sales of company
Published market reports (d)
Competitor’s price on web
35. Which one of the following secondary data is obtained from external source?
(a) Past sales of the company
(b)
Own production figures
(c)
(d)
Government reports
Employee feedback
36. Which one of the following is not a search engine?
(a) Google
(c)
(b)
Archie
Yahoo (d)
Dewey
37. Which one of the following is the most damaging problem with the secondary data?
(a) It may not be correct
(b)
It may not be complete
(c)
(d)
It may not be relevant
It may not be current
38. ____________ data is the data collected afresh by the researcher for the specific purpose of
solving the problem.
(a)
Primary data
(b) Both a and b
(c)
Secondary data
(d) None of the above
39. Primary data is ____________.
(a)
Processed data
(b) Existing data
(c)
Raw data
(d) None of the above
40. The following are the advantages of primary data except ____________.
(a) It is current (b)
It is complete
(c)
(d)
It is relevant
It is inexpensive
104
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
41. The following are the types of survey method except ____________.
(a) Personal Interview (b)
Self-Administered Survey
(c)
(d)
Telephone Interview
Focus Group
42. ____________ interview involves use of a set of predetermined questions and highly systematic
technique of recording.
(a) Structured (b)
Focus Group
(c)
Unstructured
(d)
None of the above
43. Which of the following methods results in more accurate and in-depth information?
(a)
Personal Interview
(b)
Self-Administered Survey
(c)
Telephone Interview
(d)
Electronic Survey
44. .Which of the following methods requires least cost?
(a)
Personal Interview
(b)
Self-Administered Survey
(c)
Telephone Interview
(d)
Electronic Survey
45. Which of the following methods offers more flexibility?
(a)
Personal Interview
(b)
Self-Administered Survey
(c)
Telephone Interview
(d)
Electronic Survey
46. Observation method can be used alongwith ____________.
(a)
Personal Interview
(b)
Self-Administered Survey
(c)
Telephone Interview
(d)
Electronic Survey
47. Response rate is lowest in case of ____________.
(a)
Personal Interview
(b) Self-Administered Survey
(c)
Telephone Interview
(d) Electronic Survey
48. Close end questions are ____________.
(a)
Objective type questions
(b) Unstructured questions
(c)
Subjective type questions
(d) Free response questions
49. Which of the following questions researcher needs to avoid while designing the questionnaire?
(a) Leading questions (b)
Double barreled questions
(c)
(d)
Ambiguous questions
All the above
50. ____________ testing is done before finalizing the questionnaire.
(a) Alpha
(b)
Gamma
(c)
(d)
Pilot
Beta
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
105
Answer Key of Chapter No. 3
1.
(c)
11.
(d)
21.
(b)
31.
(d)
41.
(d)
2.
(b)
12.
(d)
22.
(d)
32.
(a)
42.
(a)
3.
(d)
13.
(a)
23.
(b)
33.
(d)
43.
(a)
4.
(a)
14.
(a)
24.
(a)
34.
(b)
44.
(d)
5.
(b)
15.
(b)
25.
(c)
35.
(d)
45.
(a)
6.
(c)
16.
(c)
26.
(d)
36.
(d)
46.
(a)
7.
(c)
17.
(d)
27.
(a)
37.
(a)
47.
(b)
8.
(c)
18.
(b)
28.
(b)
38.
(a)
48.
(a)
9.
(b)
19.
(b)
29.
(d)
39.
(c)
49.
(d)
10.
(d)
20.
(c)
30.
(c)
40.
(d)
50.
(d)
Chapter 4
Sampling
1.
2.
3.
A sample is a subset of ____________.
(a) Population (b)
Set
(c)
None of the above
Data
Census involves collecting data from ____________ unit/s of population.
(a) One
(b)
All
(c)
(d)
None of the above
Few
An aggregate of all the elements that share a common set of characteristics and about which
inferences are to be drawn is called ____________.
(a) Sample
(c)
4.
(b)
Population
Census
(d)
None of the above
____________ saves valuable resources and still gives fairly accurate results.
(a) Census
5.
(d)
(b)
Both a and c (c) Sampling
(d)
None of the above
Good sample design possess following characteristic.
(a) Sample should represent population
(b) Sample design should result in small sampling error
(c) Sample size should be adequate
(d) All the above
6.
The population should be defined in terms of all of the following except:
106
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
7.
(a) Sampling unit
(b)
(c)
Time
Extent (d)
The basic unit containing the elements of the population is called ____________.
(a) Sample
(c)
8.
9.
Size
(b)
Sampling Frame
Sampling Unit (d)
None of the above
If researcher knows the number of units in the population it is called as ____________
population.
(a) Known
(b)
Infinite
(c)
(d)
None of the above
Finite
The list of all the sampling units in the population is called ____________.
(a) Sample
(c)
(b)
Source list
Sampling Frame
(d)
Both b and c
10. A sampling frame is ____________.
(a) A summary of all the stages involved in designing sample
(b) List of all the sampling units in the population
(c) List of selected sampling units of population
(d) Wooden frame to display selected sampling units
11. Sampling is preferred in following conditions except:
(a) Large population size
(b) Resource constraint
(c) Wider geographic spread of units in population
(d) More heterogeneity in population
12. If the sample size is greater than 30 it is ____________.
(a) Small Sample
(c)
(b)
Mid-size Sample (d)
Large Sample
None of the above
13. The sample size decision should be guided by which of the following consideration:
(a) Sample size in similar previous research
(b) Sample size calculation based on Statistical formula
(c) Resource constraint
(d) All the above
14. The size of sample depend on
(a) Variability in population
(b) Confidence level
(c) Degree of precision or accuracy required
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
107
(d) All the above
15. If degree of acceptable error is reduced then the sample size will ____________.
(a)
Increase
(b)
Not change
(c)
Decrease
(d)
None of the above
16. In ____________ sampling methodsprobability
of
of sampling units from
population is known and non-zero.
selection
(a)
Probability
(b)
Both a and c
(c)
Non-Probability
(d)
None of the above
17.
The margin of error can not be estimated in case of ____________ sampling methods.
(a) Probability (b)
(c)
18.
Both a and c
Non-Probability (d)
None of the above
In probability sampling methods, sampling units are selected based on ____________.
(a) Randomness
(c)
19.
(b)
Judgement of researcher
Convenience of researcher
(d)
None of the above
____________ sampling methods are subjective in nature.
(a) Probability (b)
(c)
20.
Both a and c
Non-Probability (d)
None of the above
If one can determine the chance of selecting sampling units from population then it is
called ____________.
(a) Probability Sampling Method
(c)
(b)
Non-Probability Sampling Method
Judgemental Sampling Method
(d)
None of the above
108
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
Which
(a)
21.
one of the following is a probability sampling method? Convenience Sampling (b)
Quota Sampling
(c)
22.
Purposive Sampling
(d)
Cluster Sampling
Which one of the following is not a probability sampling method?
(a) Simple Random Sampling (b)
(d)
Systematic Sampling
23.
Snowball Sampling (c)
Stratified
Sampling
Which one of the following is a non-probability sampling method?
(a) Quota Sampling
(c)
24.
(b)
Cluster Sampling
Convenience Sampling
(d)
Both a and b
Which one of the following is not a non-probability sampling method?
(a) Judgemental Sampling
(b)
Quota Sampling
(c)
(d)
Area Sampling
25.
Snowball Sampling
Systematic sampling is a ____________ sampling method.
(a) Non-Probability
above
26.
(b)
Probability (c)
Both a and b
(d)
None
of
the
Quota sampling is a ____________ sampling method.
(a) Probability (b)
(c)
27.
Both a and c
Non-Probability (d)
None of the above
In which of the following methods sampling units are selected randomly?
(a) Stratified Sampling (b)
Snowball Sampling
(c)
All the above
28.
Quota Sampling (d)
In which of the following methods sampling units are selected based on judgement?
(a) Cluster Sampling
(c)
29.
(b)
Systematic Sampling
Quota Sampling
(d)
None of the above
In which of the following methods each and every sampling unit in the population has an
equal chance of selection.
(a) Convenience Sampling
(b)
Simple Random Sampling
(c)
(d)
Snowball Sampling
30.
Purposive Sampling
In ____________ sampling method respondents who are available, volunteer or researcher
is familiar with them and from whom data can be collected easily are selected as sample.
(a) Simple Random
(b)
Cluster
(c)
(d)
Convenience
Systematic
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
109
Which
(a)
31.
In ____________ sampling method researcher ask the research participants to identify
other potential research participants.
(a) Quota
(c)
32.
(b)
Convenience
Judgemental
(d)
Snowball
Which of the following methods leads to the most representative sample and accurate
results?
(a) Simple Random Sampling
(b) Proportionate Stratified Sampling
(c) Cluster Sampling
(d) Quota Sampling
33.
of the following methods is the most cost effective method? Simple Random Sampling (b)
Systematic Sampling
(c)
34.
Cluster Sampling
(d)
Stratified Sampling
The researcher has divided the population based on gender and thereafter random sample
of males and random sample of females was taken. It means researcher has used
____________ sampling method.
(a) Cluster
(c)
35.
(b)
Quota (d)
Stratified
Systematic
Determining the sampling interval (represented by k), randomly selecting first sampling
unit between 1 and kth unit and then each time adding k to the previously selected unit to
select the next sampling unit is the procedure followed in ____________ sampling
method.
(a) Stratified
(c)
36.
(b)
Systematic
Cluster
(d)
Quota
Selection of cricket team for world cup is called:
(a) Simple Random Sampling
(b)
Snowball Sampling
(c)
(d)
Purposive Sampling
37.
Stratified Sampling
The sampling method in which population is first divided into homogeneous groups and
then sample is drawn from each group randomly is called:
(a) Cluster Sampling
(c)
(b)
Stratified Sampling
Quota Sampling
(d)
Systematic Sampling
38. In ____________ sampling method population is first divided into groups which are
heterogeneous within and homogeneous amongst.
(a)
Stratified
(b)
Quota
(c)
Cluster (d)
All the above
39. The quota sampling is different from stratified sampling because the sampling units are
selected ____________.
110
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
Which
(a)
(a)
Based on randomness
(b)
Based on convenience
(c)
Based on judgement
(d)
Based on reference
40.
Area sampling is a version of ____________ sampling method.
(a) Stratified
41.
(b)
Cluster (c)
Quota (d)
None of the above
Which one of the following is type of error in research?
(a) Sampling error
(c)
42.
(b)
Non-sampling error
Analytical error
(d)
Both a and c
Total error in research is ____________.
(a) Sampling Error plus Non-sampling Error
(b) Non-sampling Error minus Sampling Error
(c) Sampling Error minus Non-Sampling Error
43.
(d) None of the above
one of the following is the sampling error?
Sampling Frame Error
(c)
44.
(d)
Both a and c
None of the above
In sampling frame error sampling frame can be ____________ of population.
(a)
Subset (b)
Intersection
(c)
Superset
(d)
45.
All the above
The difference between sample statistic and population parameter is ____________.
(a)
46.
Standard Error (b)
Difference Error (d)
Sampling
Error
None of the above
(c)
Chance error is also called as ____________.
(a)
Random Sampling Error (b)
Non-sampling Error
(c)
Non-random Sampling Error
(d)
47.
None of the above
If sample size is increased, sampling error will ____________.
(a)
Decrease
(b)
(c)
Increase (d)
Can’t Say
48.
49.
Chance Error
(b)
Not Change
If population is heterogeneous, then the sampling error will ____________.
(a)
Be Small
(b)
Not Change
(c)
Be Large
(d)
Can’t Say
Error in designing the questionnaire is ____________.
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
111
Which
(a)
(a)
Sampling Error
(c)
Non-sampling Error
50. Error in data analysis is ____________.
(a)
Sampling Error
(c)
Non-sampling Error
Answer Key of Chapter No. 4
(b) Can be a or c
(d) None of the above
(b) Can be a or c
(d) None of the above
1.
(a)
11.
(d)
21.
(d)
31.
(d)
41.
(d)
2.
(b)
12.
(b)
22.
(b)
32.
(b)
42.
(a)
3.
(c)
13.
(d)
23.
(d)
33.
(c)
43.
(b)
4.
(c)
14.
(d)
24.
(d)
34.
(b)
44.
(d)
5.
(d)
15.
(a)
25.
(b)
35..
(c)
45.
(b)
6.
(b)
16.
(a)
26.
(c)
36.
(d)
46.
(a)
7.
(c)
17.
(c)
27.
(a)
37.
(c)
47.
(a)
8.
(c)
18.
(a)
28.
(b)
38.
(c)
48.
(c)
9.
(d)
19.
(c)
29.
(b)
39.
(c)
49.
(c)
10.
(b)
20.
(a)
30.
(d)
40
(b)
50.
(c)
112
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 5
Data Analysis and Report Writing
1. The process of converting ‘raw data’ into ‘organised data’ is called ____________.
(a) Data Preparation
(c)
(b)
Data Processing (d)
Inferential Analysis
Both a and c
2. The following steps are part of data processing except:
(a) Editing
(c)
(b)
Coding (d)
Hypothesis Testing
Classification
3. ____________ is a step in data processing which involves screening the filled questionnaires,
identify and remove errors to ensure completeness and correctness of data.
(a) Coding
(c)
(b)
Classification
Editing
(d)
Coding
4. ____________ is a step in data processing which involves assigning a number or alphabet to
responses of the questions in the questionnaire for the purpose of smooth data entry in the
computer software.
(a)
(c)
5. If
(a)
Editing (b)
Classification
Coding (d)
data
is
characteristics
Tabulation
classified
on
or
attributes
Qualitative Classification (b)
the
it
basis
is
of
descriptive
called ____________.
Statistics of Variables
(c)
Quantitative Classification
(d)
None of the above
on the basis of variables, either discrete or continuous
6. If data is classified
called ____________.
(a)
Statistics of Attributes
(b)
it is
Quantitative Classification
(c)
Qualitative Classification (d)
None of the Above
7. Cross-tables contain data about ____________.
(a)
One variable
(b)
Minimum Three variables
(c)
Two or more variables (d)
None of the above
8. A cross-table showing all the categories or classes along with their relative frequencies is called
____________.
(a)
9.
Frequency Table (b)
Both a and c
(c)
Frequency Distribution (d)
None of the above
____________ chart is one dimensional and involves non-overlapping rectangles of equal
width.
(a)
Histogram
(b)
None of the above
Both a and c (c) Bar
(d)
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
113
10. ____________ chart is known as circle chart.
(a) Bar
(b) Histogram
(c) Pie
(d) Stem and Leaf
11. ____________ chart is also known as time series plot.
(a)
Bar
(b) Stem and Leaf
(c)
Histogram
(d) Line
12. ____________ chart is
for ratio data
and
is
used
for frequency
suitable distributions.
presenting
(a)
Bar
(b) Pie
(c)
Line
(d) Histogram
13. The boxplot is drawn based on:
(a)
Median
(b) Largest and Smallest Observations
(c)
Upper and Lower Quartiles
(d) All the above
14. In boxplot rectangular box comprises ____________ % of data values.
(a) 25 (b)
75
(c)
(d)
50
100
15. In boxplot, the center line going through the width of the box which divides the box into two
parts marks ____________.
(a) Mean
(c)
(b)
Lower Quartile
Upper Quartile (d)
Median
16. In boxplot the right and left hinge is ____________ respectively.
(a) Upper and Lower Quartile
(c)
(b)
Lower and Upper Quartile
Largest and Smallest Observation
(d)
Smallest and Largest Observation
17. ____________ chart is used to portray price movements of a security, derivative or currency
over time.
(a) Line
(c)
(b)
Bar
Candlestick
(d)
Stem and Leaf
18. If the closing price of security is higher than the opening price of the day, the ‘real body’ of the
candlestick chart would be ____________.
(a) Black
(b)
White
(c)
(d)
None of the above
Red
19. Black or red coloured ‘real body’ of the candlestick chart indicates ____________.
(a) Bullish Market
(c)
(b)
Stagnant Market (d)
Bearish Market
None of the above
20. If the opening and closing price of the security is exactly same then it is represented as
____________.
114
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Doji Line (b)
Long Real Body
(c)
(d)
Spinning Top
None of the above
21. ____________ analysis is used to develop different indices from the data in order to describe
or explain it.
(a) Inferential Analysis
(b) Both a and c
(c) Descriptive Analysis
(d) None of the above
22. Descriptive analysis involves ____________.
(a) Univariate Analysis (b)
Multivariate Analysis
(c)
(d)
Bivariate Analysis
All the above
23. Measures of central tendency are used for analysis of ____________ data.
(a) Multivariate
(b)
Univariate
(c)
(d)
None of the above
Bivariate
24. Which one of the following is not a measure of the central tendency?
(a) Mean
(c)
(b)
Mode
Median (d)
Range
25. ____________ is also called as arithmetic average and is widely used measure of central
tendency.
(a) Mean
(c)
(b)
Median (d)
Mode
All the above
26. The value of ____________ can not be determined graphically.
(a) Mode
(c)
(b)
Median (d)
Mean
Both a and c
27. ____________ is the best measure of central tendency and is affected by value of every item in
the data set.
(a) Mode
(b)
Median
(c)
(d)
Both b and c
Mean
28. ____________ is the value of the middle item of the data series when it is arranged in ascending
or descending order.
(a) Mean
(b)
Median
(c)
(d)
All the above
Mode
29. The most frequently occurring value in the data set is called ____________.
(a) Mean
(c)
(b)
Range (d)
Median
Mode
30. A data set can have more than one ____________.
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Mean
(c)
(b)
Median (d)
115
Mode
Standard Deviation
31. ____________ is not affected by value of extreme items in the data set.
(a) Mean
(c)
(b)
Median (d)
Mode
Both b and c
32. Correlation analysis throws light on ____________.
(a) Strength of relationship between variables
(b) Both a and c
(c) Direction of relationship
(d) None of the above
33. In ____________ correlation, if one variable increases then other variable also increase.
(a)
Negative
(b)
No
(c)
Positive (d)
None of the above
34. ____________ are used when you want to visually examine the relationship between two
quantitative variables.
(a)
Bar Chart
(b)
Line Chart
(c)
Histogram
(d)
Scatter Plot
35. If the points on the scatter plot slopes from upper left to lower right, then there exits
____________ relationship.
(a) Positive
(b)
Negative
(c)
(d)
None of the above
No
36. The value of product moment correlation coefficient (r) varies from ____________.
(a) 0 to 1
(c)
(b)
-1 to 1
-1 to 0 (d)
0 to 10
37. If the value of r is -1, it shows ____________ correlation.
(a) Negative
(c)
(b)
Positive (d)
Perfect Positive
Perfect Negative
38. Charles’ Spearman’s coefficient of correlation is also known as ____________ Coefficient.
(a) Product Moment Correlation (b)
Both a and c
(c)
None of the above
Rank Correlation
(d)
39. Rank Correlation Coefficient is used in case of ____________ data
(a) Nominal
(c)
(b)
Interval (d)
Ordinal
Ratio
40. ____________ is best to use to determine how strongly
expenditures.
sales are related to advertising
116
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Rank Correlation Coefficient
(b) ANOVA
(c) Product Moment Correlation Coefficient
(d) All the above
41. ____________ is a procedure for deriving a mathematical relationship, in the form of an
equation, between a single metric dependent variable and a single metric independent variable.
(a) Correlation (b)
Simple Regression
(c)
(d)
Chi-square
Multiple Regression
42. If regression equation is Y = 8 + 10X, then regression coefficient is ____________.
(a) 8 (b)
80
(c)
(d)
10
18
43. If both regression lines coincide then it shows ____________ correlation.
(a) Perfect Positive
(b) Both a or c
(c) Perfect Negative
(d) No
44. Interval or ratio data is ____________ data.
(a)
Independent
(b)
(d)
Non-metric
Metric (c)
Paired
45. Non-parametric tests are used for ____________ data.
(a)
Independent
(b)
(d)
Non-metric
Paired (c)
Metric
46. All the following are parametric tests except:
(a)
z test
(b)
ANOVA
(c)
t test
(d)
Tests of Randomness
47. Which significance test is used if sample size is less than 30 ?
(a)
z test (b)
(c)
t test
(d)
48. Which test is known as Variance Ratio Test?
(a)
z test (b)
(c)
t test
(d)
49. Chi-square test is ____________.
(a)
Parametric Test (b)
(c)
Non-parametric Test
(d)
50. The research report serves following purpose.
(a) Feedback to management
(c) Helps in decision making
Both a and c
None of the above
F test
ANOVA
Both a or c
None of the above
(b) Future reference
(d) All the above
All in One Multiple Choice Questions
117
Answer Key of Chapter No. 5
1.
(d)
11.
(d)
21.
(c)
31.
(d)
41.
(b)
2.
(b)
12.
(d)
22.
(d)
32.
(b)
42.
(c)
3.
(b)
13.
(d)
23.
(b)
33.
(c)
43.
(b)
4.
(c)
14.
(c)
24.
(d)
34.
(d)
44.
(b)
5.
(a)
15.
(d)
25.
(a)
35.
(b)
45.
(d)
6.
(b)
16.
(a)
26.
(b)
36.
(b)
46.
(d)
7.
(c)
17.
(c)
27.
(c)
37.
(d)
47.
(c)
8.
(b)
18.
(b)
28.
(b)
38.
(c)
48.
(b)
9.
(c)
19.
(b)
29.
(d)
39.
(b)
49.
(b)
10.
(c)
20.
(a)
30.
(b)
40.
(c)
50.
(d)

Business Research Methods-104
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Research is
(A) Searching again and again
(B) Finding solution to any problem
(C) Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem
(D) None of the above
2. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
(A) Searching sources of information to locate problem.
(B) Survey of related literature
(C) Identification of problem
(D) Searching for solutions to the problem
3. A common test in research demands much priority on
(A) Reliability
(B) Usability
(C) Objectivity
(D) All of the above
4. Action research means
(A) A longitudinal research
(B) An applied research
(C) A research initiated to solve an immediate problem
(D) A research with socioeconomic objective
5. A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal
statement is called
(A) Deductive Reasoning
(B) Inductive Reasoning
(C) Abnormal Reasoning
(D) Transcendental Reasoning
6. The essential qualities of a researcher are
(A) Spirit of free enquiry
(B) Reliance on observation and evidence
(C) Systematization or theorizing of knowledge
(D) All the above
7. In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis” is followed by
(A) Statement of Objectives
(B) Analysis of Data
(C) Selection of Research Tools
(D) Collection of Data
8. A research paper is a brief report of research work based on
(A) Primary Data only
(B) Secondary Data only
(C) Both Primary and Secondary Data
(D) None of the above
9. An appropriate source to find out descriptive information is................ .
(A) Bibliography
(B) Directory
(C) Encyclopedia
(D) Dictionary
10. “Controlled Group” is a term used in.............. .
(A) Survey research
(B) Historical research
(C) Experimental research
(D) Descriptive research
11. Testing hypothesis is a
(A) Inferential statistics
(B) Descriptive statistics
(C) Data preparation
(D) Data analysis
12. The method that consists of collection of data through observation and experimentation,
formulation and testing of hypothesis is called
(A) Empirical method
(B) Scientific method
(C) Scientific information
(D) Practical knowledge
(E)
13. Information acquired by experience or experimentation is called as
(A) Empirical
(B) Scientific
(C) Facts
(D) Scientific evidences
14. “All living things are made up of cells. Blue whale is a living being. Therefore blue whale is
made up of cells”. The reasoning used here is
(A) Inductive
(B) Deductive
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypothetic-Deductive
15. The reasoning that uses general principle to predict specific result is called
(A) Inductive
(B) Deductive
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypothetic-Deductive
16. All research process starts with
(A) Hypothesis
(B) Experiments to test hypothesis
(C) Observation
(D) All of these
17. The quality of a research study is primarily assessed on:
(A) The place of publication.
(B) The ways in which the recommendations are implemented
(C) The rigor with which it was conducted
(D) The number of times it is replicated.
18. Which of the following is not an appropriate source for academic research?
(A) An online encyclopedia
(B) A government-based research organization database
(C) A peer reviewed journal article
(D) A text book
19. 'Research methodology' refers to:
(A) The sampling technique
(B) The tools that the researcher use
(C) The chain of association between the research question and the research design
(D) Qualitative methods
20. A researcher should:
(A) Be constrained by the research of others
(B) Use even anonymous sources if they appear relevant
(C) Use only sources that appear credible
21. Research is
(A) A purposeful, systematic activity
(B) Primarily conducted for purely academic purposes
(C) Primarily conducted to answer questions about practical issues
(D) A random, unplanned process of discovery
22. When conducting a review of literature on a particular subject, the researcher should
(A) Read all available material on the subject
(B) Read the whole journal article and then decide whether or not it is useful
(C) Read strategically and critically
(D) Read fully only those texts that appear to agree with his/her point of view
23. The two main styles of research are
(A) Data collection and data coding
(B) Surveys and questionnaires
(C) Sampling and recording
(D) Qualitative and quantitative
24. Qualitative research is:
(A) Not as rigorous as quantitative research
(B) Primarily concerned with the collection and analysis of numerical data
(C) Primarily concerned with in-depth exploration of phenomena
(D) Primarily concerned with the quality of the research
25. Quantitative research involves
(A) Interviewing people to find out their deeply held views about issues
(B) Collecting data in numerical form
(C) More rigor than qualitative research
(D) Interviewing every member of the target population
26. What is the basis of the scientific method
(A) To test hypothesis in conditions that are conducive to its success
(B) To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis
(C) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions
that challenge the hypothesis
(D) To test hypothesis and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely
27. Of all the steps in the research process, the one that typically takes the most time is
(A) Data collection
(B) Formulating the problem
(C) Selecting a research method
(D) Developing a hypothesis
28. The concepts in a hypothesis are stated as
(A) Variables
(B) Theories
(C) Indices
(D) Ideas
29. In order for a variable to be measured, a researcher must provide a
(A) Operational definition
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Theory
(D) Scale
30. Which of the following was not identified as a major research design?
(A) secondary research
(B) Surveys
(C) Field Research
(D) ethnography
31. When a number of researchers use the same operational definition to measure a variable and
achieve the same results, the measure is said to be
(A) Instrumental
(B) Reliable
(C) Valid
(D) Factual
32. There are various types of research designed to obtain different types of information. What
type of research is used to define problems and suggest hypotheses?
(A) Descriptive Research
(B) Primary research
(C) Secondary research
(D) Causal research
33. What type of research would be appropriate in the following situation?
Nestlé wants to investigate the impact of children on their parents' decisions to buy
breakfast foods.
(A) Quantitative research.
(B) Qualitative research
(C) Secondary Research
(D) Mixed methodology
34. What type of research would be appropriate in the following situation?
A college or university bookshop wants to get some insights into how students feel about the
shop's merchandise, prices and service.
(A) Secondary data
(B) Qualitative research
(C) Focus groups
(D) Quantitative research
35. The Internet is a powerful mechanism for conducting research. However it does have its
drawbacks. Which of the following signify these drawbacks?
(A) The possible inclusion of individuals not being targeted, that could skew the results
(B) Lack of information about the population responding to the questionnaire.
(C) Eye contact and body language, (two useful research indicators) are excluded from the
analysis
(D) All of the above
36. _____________ research is the gathering of primary data by watching people.
(A) Experimental
(B) Causal
(C) Informative
(D) Observational
37. Which is the best type of research approach for gathering causal information?
(A) Observational
(B) Informative
(C) Experimental
(D) Survey
38. The outcome of what is being measured is termed:
(A) Independent Variable
(B) Dependent Variable
(C) Predictor variable
(D) Hypothetical Variable
39. Which of the following would occur in a longitudinal study:
(A) Measures are taken from different participants over an extended period of time
(B) Participation is expected to last for a minimum of 24 hours
(C) Measures are taken from same participants on different occasions usually over
extended period of time
(D) Measures are taken from participants in at least 6 different countries
w
40. Endeavors to explain, predict, and/or control phenomena are the goal of
(A) Scientific method
(B) Tradition
(C) Inductive logic
(D) Deductive logic
41. Ms. Casillas has been coordinating the Halloween Festival at her school for the last several
years. She wants to be sure the students and parents enjoy the festival again this year. On which
source is she LEAST likely to rely when making decisions about what to do?
(A) Tradition
(B) Research
(C) Personal experience
(D) Expert opinion
42. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowing because it is more
(A) Reliable
(B) Systematic
(C) Accurate
(D) All of these
43. Which of the following steps of the scientific method is exemplified by the researcher
reviewing the literature and focusing on a specific problem that has yet to be resolved?
(A) Describe the procedures to collect information
(B) Identify a topic.
(C) Analyze the collected information
(D) State the results of the data analysis
44. Which of the following is the LEAST legitimate research problem? The purpose of this study
is to
(A) understand what it means to be a part of a baseball team at a high school known for its
championship teams.
(B) study whether physical education should be taught in elementary parochial schools.
(C) examine the relationship between the number of hours spent studying and students test scores
(D) examine the effect of using advanced organizers on fifth grade students reading
comprehension
45. The research process is best described as a
(A) Method to select a frame of reference
(B) Set of rules that govern the selection of subjects
(C) Series of steps completed in a logical order
(D) Plan that directs the research design
46. A research proposal is best described as a
(A) Framework for data collection and analysis
(B) Argument for the merit of the study
(C) Description of how the researcher plans to maintain an ethical perspective during the study
(D) Description of the research process for a research project
47. The purpose of a literature review is to:
(A) Use the literature to identify present knowledge and what is unknown
(B) Assist in defining the problem and operational definition
(C) Identify strengths and weaknesses of previous studies
(D) All of the above
48. The statement 'To identify the relationship between the time the patient spends on the
operating table and the development of pressure ulcers' is best described as a research:
(A) Objective
(B) Aim
(C) Question
(D) Hypothesis
49. An operational definition specifies
(A) The data analysis techniques to be used in the study
(B) The levels of measurement to be used in the study
(C) How a variable or concept will be defined and measured in the study
(D) How the outcome of the research objectives for the study will be measured
50. A statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables is known as the:
(A) Concept definition
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Problem statement
(D) Research question
51. There is no difference in the incidence of phlebitis around intravenous cannulae changed
every 72 hours and those changed at 96 hours' is an example of a:
(A) Null hypothesis
(B) Directional hypothesis
(C) Non-directional hypothesis
(D) Simple hypothesis
52. Which of the following statements meets the criteria for a researchable question?
(A) Is the use of normal saline to cleanse wounds harmful to patients?
(B) Do generalist registered nurses meet the mental health needs of general patients?
(C) Do palliative care patients have spiritual needs?
(D) What are the patients perceptions of the effectiveness of pre-operative education for
total hip replacement?
53. The researcher needs to clearly identify the aim of the study; the question to be answered; the
population of interest; information to be collected, and feasibility in order to decide on the
research
(A) Design and method
(B) Design and assumptions
(C) Purpose and data analysis
(D) Purpose and assumptions
54. A variable that changes due to the action of another variable is known as the
(A) Independent variable
(B) Extraneous variable
(C) Complex variable
(D) Dependent Variable
55. When planning to do social research, it is better to
(A) Approach the topic with an open mind
(B) Do a pilot study before getting stuck into it
(C) Be familiar with the literature on the topic
(D) Forget about theory because this is a very practical undertaking
56. Which comes first, theory or research?
(A) Theory because otherwise you are working in the dark
(B) Research because that is only the way you can develop a theory
(C) It depends on your point of view
(D) The question is meaningless, because you cannot have one without the other
57. We review the relevant literature to know
(A) What is already known about the topic
(B) What concepts and theories have been applied to the topic
(C) Who are the key contributors to the topic
(D) All of the above
58. A deductive theory is one that:
(A) Allows theory to emerge out of the data
(B) Involves testing an explicitly defined hypothesis
(C) Allows for findings to feed back into the stock of knowledge
(D) Uses qualitative methods whenever possible
59. Which of the following is not a type of research question?
(A) Predicting an outcome
(B) Evaluating a phenomenon
(C) Developing good practice
(D) A hypothesis
60. Because of the number of things that can go wrong in research there is a need for:
(A) Flexibility and Perseverance
(B) Sympathetic supervisors
(C) An emergency source of finance
(D) Wisdom to know the right time to quit
61. __________ research seeks to investigate an area that has been under researched with
preliminary data that helps shape the direction for future research.
(A) Descriptive
(B) Exploratory
(C) Explanatory
(D) Positivist
62. Research questions in qualitative studies typically begin with which of the following words?
(A) Why
(B) How
(C) What
(D) All of the above
63. Qualitative researchers seek to analyze which of the following?
(A) Numerical data derived from the frequency of particular behaviors
(B) Statistical associations between variables
(C) The social meaning people attribute to their experiences and circumstances
(D) All of the above
64 . Which of the following is not a qualitative research methodology?
(A) Randomized control trial
(B) Ethnography
(C) Grounded Theory
(D) Phenomenology
65. Which of the following data collecting methods is not normally used in qualitative research?
(A) Participant observation
(B) Focus groups
(C) Questionnaire
(D) Semi-structured interview
66. The following journal article would be an example of --------- research.
“ The benefits of florescent lighting on production in a factory setting”
(A) Applied
(B) Basic
(C) Interview
(D) Stupid
67. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowing because it is more
(A) Reliable
(B) Systematic
(C) Accurate
(D) All of the above
68. Quantitative researcher’s preoccupation with generalization is an attempt to:
(A) Develop the law like findings of the natural sciences
(B) Boost their chances of publication
(C) Enhance the internal validity of the research
(D) Demonstrate the complex techniques of statistical analysis
69. What is the basis of the scientific method?
(A) To test hypotheses in conditions that are conducive to its success
(B) To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis
(C) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions
that challenge the hypothesis
(D) To test hypotheses and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely
70. A literature review requires
(A) Planning
(B) Clear writing
(C) Good writing
(D) All of the above
71. The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the
(A) Conceptual understanding
(B) Dictionary meaning
(C) Operational definition
(D) All of the above
72. Which of the following is the BEST hypothesis?
(A) Students taking formative quizzes will perform better on chapter exams than students not
taking these quizzes
(B) Taller students will have higher test scores than shorter students
(C) Students taught in a cooperative group setting should do better than students in a
traditional class
(D) Students using laptops will do well
73. Which of the following is the best hypothesis statement to address the research question?
“What impact will the new advertising campaign have on use of brand B”?
(A) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B image
(B) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B image trial
(C) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B usage at the expense of brand C
(D) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B’s market penetration
74. Qualitative and quantitative research are the classifications of research on the basis of
(A) Use of the research
(B) Time dimension
(C) Techniques used
(D) Purpose of the research
75. Rationalism is the application of
(A) Research Solution
(B) Logic and arguments
(C) Reasoning
(D) Previous findings
76. Why do you need to review the existing literature?
(A) To give your dissertation a proper academic appearance with lots of references
(B) Because without it, you could never reach the required word count
(C) To find out what is already known about your area of interest
(D) To help in your general studying
77. The application of the scientific method to the study of business problems is called
(A) Inductive reasoning
(B) Deductive reasoning
(C) Business research
(D) Grounded Theory
78. An operational definition
(A) One that bears no relation to the underlying concept
(B) An abstract, theoretical definition of a concept
(C) A definition of a concept in terms of specific, empirical measures
(D) One that refers to opera singers and their work
79. According to empiricism, which of the following is the ultimate source of all our concepts
and knowledge?
(A) Perceptions
(B) Theory
(C) Sensory experiences
(D) Logics and arguments
80. Which of the following is most beneficial to read in an article?
(A) Methods
(B) Introduction
(C) Figures
(D) References
81. Which of the following is not a function of clearly identified research questions?
(A) They guide your literature search
(B) They keep you focused throughout the data collection period
(C) They make the scope of your research as wide as possible
(D) They are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
82. Hypothesis refers to
A. The outcome of an experiment
B. A conclusion drawn from an experiment
C. A form of bias in which the subject tries to outguess the experimenter
D. A tentative statement about the relationship
83. Statistics is used by researchers to
A. Analyze the empirical data collected in a study
B. Make their findings sound better
C. Operationally define their variables
D. Ensure the study comes out the way it was intended
84. A literature review is based on the assumption that
A. Copy from the work of others
B. Knowledge accumulates and learns from the work of others
C. Knowledge disaccumulates
D. None of the above option
85. A theoretical framework
A. Elaborates the researchers among the variables
B. Explains the logic underlying these researchers
C. Describes the nature and direction of the researchers
D. All of the above
86. Which of the following statement is not true?
A. A research proposal is a document that presents a plan for a project
B. A research proposal shows that the researcher is capable of successfully conducting
the proposed research project
C. A research proposal is an unorganized and unplanned project
D. A research proposal is just like a research report and written before the research
Project
87. Preliminary data collection is a part of the
A. Descriptive research
B. Exploratory research
C. Applied research
D. Explanatory research
88. Conducting surveys is the most common method of generating
A. Primary data
B. Secondary data
C. Qualitative data
D. None of the above
89. After identifying the important variables and establishing the logical reasoning in
Theoretical framework, the next step in the research process is
A. To conduct surveys
B. To generate the hypothesis
C. To focus group discussions
D. To use experiments in an investigation
90. The appropriate analytical technique is determined by
A. The research design
B. Nature of the data collected
C. Nature of the hypothesis
D. Both A & B
91. Discrete variable is also called……….
A. Categorical variable
B. Discontinuous variable
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
92. “Officers in my organization have higher than average level of commitment” Such a
hypothesis is an example of……….
A. Descriptive Hypothesis
B. Directional Hypothesis
C. Relational Hypothesis
D. All of the above
93. ‘Science’ refers to……….
A. A system for producing knowledge
B. The knowledge produced by a system
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
94. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of scientific method?
A. Deterministic
B. Rationalism
C. Empirical
D. Abstraction
95. The theoretical framework discusses the interrelationships among the……….
A. Variables
B. Hypothesis
C. Concept
D. Theory
96. ………research is based on naturalism.
A. Field research
B. Descriptive research
C. Basic research
D. Applied research
97. Rationalism is the application of which of the following?
A. Logic and arguments
B. Research solution
C. Reasoning
D. Previous findings
98- On which of the following, scientific knowledge mostly relies?
A. Logical understanding
B. Identification of events
C. Prior knowledge
D. All of the given options
99- Which of the following refers to research supported by measurable
evidence?
A. Opinion
B. Empiricism
C. Speculation
D. Rationalism
100. Research method is applicable in all of the following fields, EXCEPT;
A. Health care
B. Religion
C. Business
D. Government offices
101. All of the following are true statements about action research, EXCEPT;
A. Data are systematically analyzed
B. Data are collected systematically
C. Results are generalizable
D. Results are used to improve practice
102.Which of the following is characteristic of action research?
A. Variables are tightly controlled
B. Results are generalizable
C. Data are usually qualitative
D. Results demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships
103. “Income distribution of employees” in a specific organization is an example of which of
following type of variable?
A. Discontinuous variable
B. Continuous variable
C. Dependent variable
D. Independent variable
104.“There is no relationship between higher motivation level and higher efficiency” is an
example of which type of hypothesis?
A. Alternative
B. Null
C. Co relational
D. Research
105. Which of the following is not a role of hypothesis?
A. Guides the direction of the study
B. Determine feasibility of conducting the study
C. Identifies relevant and irrelevant facts
D. Provides framework for organizing the conclusions
106. Which of the following is not the source for getting information for exploratory
research?
A. Content analysis
B. Survey
C. Case study
D. Pilot study
107. Which of the following is the main quality of a good theory?
A. A theory that has survived attempts at falsification
B. A theory that is proven to be right
C. A theory that has been disproved
D. A theory that has been falsified
108. A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is known as:
A. Discontinuous variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Independent variable
D. Intervening variable
109. Internal validity refers to.
a. Researcher’s degree of confidence.
b. Generalisability
c. Operationalization
d. All of the above
110. In ___________, the researcher attempts to control and/ or manipulate the variables in
the study.
a. Experiment
b. Hypothesis
c. Theoretical framework
d. Research design
111. In an experimental research study, the primary goal is to isolate and identify the effect
produced by the ____.
a. Dependent variable
b. Extraneous variable
c. Independent variable
d. Confounding variable
112. A measure is reliable if it provides consistent ___________.
a. Hypothesis
b. Results
c. Procedure
d. Sensitivity
113. ______ is the evidence that the instrument, techniques, or process used to measure
concept does indeed measure the intended concepts.
a. Reliability
b. Replicability
c. Scaling
d. Validity
114. Experimental design is the only appropriate design where_________ relationship can
be established.
a. Strong
b. Linear
c. Weak
d. Cause and Effect
115. In which one of the following stage researcher consult the literature?
a. Operation test
b. Response analysis survey
c. Document design analysis
d. Pretest interviews
116. Two variables may be said to be causally related if
a.they show a strong positive correlation.
b.all extraneous variables are controlled, and the independent variable creates consistent
differences in behavior of the experimental group.
c.they are observed to co-vary on many separate occasions.
d.they have been observed in a laboratory setting.
117. Theories explain results, predict future outcomes, and
a.rely only on naturalistic observations.
b.guide research for future studies.
c.rely only on surveys.
d.rely only on case studies.
118. Characteristics of the scientific method include
a. anecdotal definition.
b. controlled observation.
c. analysis formulation.
d. adherence to inductive thinking or common sense reasoning.
119. A scientific explanation that remains tentative until it has been adequately tested is called
a(n)
a.theory.
b.law.
c.hypothesis.
d.experiment.
120. The phrase "a theory must also be falsifiable" means
a.researchers misrepresent their data.
b.a theory must be defined so it can be disconfirmed.
c.theories are a rich array of observations regarding behavior but with few facts to support them.
d.nothing.
121. The products of naturalistic observation are best described in terms of
a.explanation.
b.theory.
c.prediction.
d.description.
122. A psychologist watches the rapid eye movements of sleeping subjects and wakes them to
find they report that they were dreaming. She concludes that dreams are linked to rapid eye
movements. This conclusion is based on
a.pure speculation.
b.direct observation.
c.deduction from direct observation.
d.prior prediction.
123. We wish to test the hypothesis that music improves learning. We compare test scores of
students who study to music with those who study in silence. Which of the following is an
extraneous variable in this experiment?
a.the presence or absence of music
b.the students' test scores
c.the amount of time allowed for the studying
d.silence
124. An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning. Two groups
study the same material, one while listening to music and another without music. The
independent variable is
a.learning.
b.the size of the group.
c.the material studied.
d.music.
125. The most powerful research tool is a (an)
a.clinical study.
b.experiment.
c.survey.
d.correlational study.
126. A major disadvantage of the experimental method is that
a.private funding can never be obtained.
b.APA Ethical Review Committees often do not approve of the research techniques.
c.there is a certain amount of artificiality attached to it.
d.subjects are difficult to find for research projects.
127. In the traditional learning experiment, the effect of practice on performance is investigated.
Performance is the __________ variable.
a.independent
b.extraneous
c.dependent
d.control
128. Collection of observable evidence, precise definition, and replication of results all form the
basis for
a.scientific observation.
b.the scientific method.
c.defining a scientific problem.
d.hypothesis generation.
129. Which of the following is not characteristic of qualitative data?
a. Rich descriptions
b. Concise
c. Voluminous
d. Unorganized
130. An interview conducted by a trained moderator among a small group of respondents in an
unstructured and natural manner is a ---------a. Depth Interview
b. Case Study
c. Focus Group
d. None of the above
131. Which of the following is not a longitudinal study?
a. Cohort Study
b. Trend Study
c. Panel Study
d. Census Study
132. A measure is reliable if it provides consistent -------a. Hypothesis
b. Results
c. Procedure
d. Sensitivity
133. Following are the characteristics of the research except:
a. Systematic
b. Data Based
c. Subjective Approach
d. Scientific Inquiry
134. Which of the following similarity is found in qualitative research and survey research?
a. Examine topics primarily from the participant’s perspectives
b. They are guided by predetermined variables to study
c. They are descriptive research methods
d. Have large sample sizes
135. As a researcher you need not to:
a. Master the literature
b. Take numerous detailed notes
c. Create a bibliography list
d. Learn your findings
136. The final step in the research process is to:
a. Conduct a statistical analysis of data
b. Report the research results
c. Dismantle the apparatus
d. Clean the laboratory
137. The two functions of a research design are
(A) theory testing and model building.
(B) exploratory data collection and hypothesis testing
(C) hypothesis testing and theory testing
(D) exploratory data collection and model building
138. __________ involves evaluating potential explanations for observed behavior
(A) Exploratory data collection
(B) Data analysis
(C) Theory testing
(D) Hypothesis testing
139. In a __________ relationship, changes in one variable produce changes in another..
(A) causal
(B) correlational
(C) confounded
(D) unidirectional
140. The two defining characteristics of experimental research are:
(A) measuring predictor and criterion variables.
(B) random assignment of participants and measuring dependent variables
(C) manipulation of independent variables and control over extraneous variables
(D) random assignment of participants and control over extraneous variables
141. In an experiment on the effects of noise on problem solving, you have some participants
solve a problem while being exposed to noise, whereas other participants do the same problems
while not being exposed to noise. In this example, exposing or not exposing participants to the
noise constitutes a(n).
(A) independent variable
(B) dependent variable
(C) extraneous variable
(D) correlational variable.
142. In an experiment on visual perception, you make sure that your laboratory is the same
temperature and has the same level of lighting throughout the experiment. This is an example of:.
(A) holding extraneous variables constant.
(B) manipulating an independent variable
(C) randomly assigning participants to conditions
(D) ignoring extraneous variables
143 According to your text, extraneous variables can be dealt with in an experiment by.
(A) holding their values constant across conditions
(B) random assignment of subjects to condition
(C) increasing the power of your independent variables
(D) All of the above
(E) Both a and b
144. which of the following is the greatest strength of the experimental approach?
(A) the ability to study relationships under naturally occurring conditions
(B) the ability to identify and describe causal relationships
(C) the ability to generalize results beyond the original research situation
(D) All of the above
145. A disadvantage of the experimental approach is that
(A) you cannot adequately control extraneous variables.
(B) causal relationships among variables cannot be established
(C) your results may have limited generality
(D) All of the above
146. If your experimental design measures what it is intended to measure, we say that the design
has a high level of:
(A) reliability.
(B) internal validity.
(C) ecological validity.
(D) external validity
147. Alternative explanations for the findings of a study that may become viable because of
flaws in the design are termed:
(A) rival hypotheses
(B) experimental hypotheses
(C) theoretical possibilities
(D) goofs
148. Which of the following was listed in your text as a factor affecting external validity?
(A) history
(B) reactive testing
(C) statistical regression
(D) All of the above
149. you would be most concerned with external validity if you were conducting
(A) applied research
(B) basic research
(C) a demonstration
(D) None of the above
150. Power of the test of significance means probability of what?
(a) Incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis
(b) Correct rejection of the null hypothesis
(c) Incorrect acceptance of the null hypothesis
(d) Correct acceptance of the null hypothesis.
151. In evaluating the significance of the research problem, an important social consideration is
(a) The genuine interest of the researcher in the problem.
(b) Practical value of the findings to educationists, parents and social workers, etc.
(c) Necessary skills, abilities and background of knowledge of the researcher.
(d) Possibility of obtaining reliable and valid data by the researchers.
152. Thinking analogously about hypothesis, a researcher should
(a) First bet and then roll the dice.
(b) First roll the dice and then bet.
(c) Change his bet after the data are in.
(d) Have no bets, but dice only.
153. Why is research in education important for teachers?
(a) It adds to their academic qualifications.
(b) It makes them wiser
(c) It makes them better teachers
(d) It enables them to make best possible judgments about what should be taught and how.
154. Action research is ordinarily concerned with problems
(a) Of general nature.
(b) Constituting universal truths.
(c) Are of immediate concern and call for immediate solutions.
(d) Have long-range implications.
155. Which of the following is not a correct statement?
(a) A test can be reliable without being valid
(b) A test cannot be valid without being reliable
(c) A test can be reliable and valid both
(d) A test can be valid without being reliable.
156. Projective technique is used for measuring
(a) Individual’s need for self-actualization.
(b) Individual’s inventoried interests.
(c) Individual’s dominant feelings, emotions, conflicts, needs which are, generally,
repressed by the individual and are stored up in the unconscious mind.
(d) Individual’s value-system.
157.. Which of the following is not a projective technique?
(a) Rorschach
(b) T.A.T.
(c) Sentence-Completion Test
(d) Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI).
158. Which of the following is not measured by the T.A. T. test?
(a) Personality needs
(b) Emotions
(c) Personality adjustment.
(d) Reasoning ability.
159. Which is a projective test?
(a) Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)
(b) Allport Vemon-Lindzey Study of Values.
(c) Rorschach Test
(d) Minnesotta Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).
160. What is a research describing developmental changes in personality characteristics by
studying the same group at different age- levels?
(a) Developmental study
(b) Trend study
(c) Longitudinal growth study
(d) Cross-sectional growth study.
161. What is studying different groups of children of different ages simultaneously and
describing their developmental characteristics?
(a) Longitudinal growth study
(b) Trend study
(c) Time series study
(d) Cross-sectional growth study.
162. When is type-I error increased?
(a) When alpha-level decreases
(b) When alpha-level increases
(c) When the sample size increases
(d) When the sample size decreases.
163. What is the modern method of acquiring knowledge?
(a) Authority
(b) Personal experience
(c) Scientific method
(d) Expert opinion
164. What is NOT the goal of scientific method of acquiring knowledge?
(a) Explanation
(b) Fact-finding
(c) Control
(d) Prediction.
165. Theory, as an aspect of research, does not
(a) Serve as a tool for providing a guiding framework for observation and discovery.
(b) Describe the facts and relationships that exist.
(c) Serve as a goal providing explanation for specific phenomena with maximal probability and
exactitude.
(d) Discard facts, specific and concrete observations.
166. “Theory” helps the researcher in
(a) Understanding the research procedure.
(b) Identifying the facts needed to be considered in the context of the research problem.
(c) Understanding the technical terms used in research.
(d) Determining how to make or record observations.
167. Exploratory investigation of management question adapts the following approaches except
a. Films, photographs, and videotape
b. In-depth interviewing
c. Document analysis
d. Street ethnography
e. Survey method
168. ------------ are Questions the researcher, must answer to satisfactory arrive at a conclusion
about the research question.
a) Investigate questions
b) Research question
c) Measurement question
d) Fine-tuning the research question
169. research should be _________________
a) accessible
b) transparent
c) transferable
d) all of the above
170. A ___________________ is conducted to detect weaknesses in research instrument’s
design
a) Pilot study
b) Questionnaire
c)
Interview
d) Sampling
171. What are the two types of arguments
a) deduction and induction
b) exploratory and deductive
c) dejection and injection
d) none of the above
172. What are the qualities of a good hypothesis
a) adequate for the purpose
b) testable
c) better than its rivals
d) all of the above
173. Data collection that focuses on providing an accurate description of the variables in a
situation forms the basis of which type of study
a)
exploratory study
b) descriptive study
c) causal study
d) All of the above
174. A condition that exists when an instruments measures what it is supposed to measure is
called
a) validity
b) accuracy
c) reliability
d) none of the above
175. The major disadvantage with in depth interviews is that because of their time consuming
nature it is usually only possible to carry out a relatively small number of such interviews and
as such the results are likely to be highly ____________
a) subjective
b) objective
c) questionable
d) objectionable
176. A critical review of the information, pertaining to the research study, already available in
various sources is called
a)
b)
c)
d)
Research review
Research design
Data review
Literature review
177. ____________________ presents a problem, discusses related research efforts, outlines the
data needed for solving the data and shows the design used to gather and analyze the data.
a.) Research Question
b.) Research Proposal
c.) Research Design
d.) Research Methodology
178. The purpose of __________________ research is to help in the process of developing a
clear and precise statement of the research problem rather than in providing a definitive answer.
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Marketing
Causal
Exploratory
Descriptive
179. A systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of natural phenomena guided
by theory and hypothesis is called _____________
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Applied Research
Basic Research
Scientific Research
None Of The Above
180. __________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research and as
such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures..
a.) Strategy
b.) Research Design
c.) Hypothesis
d.) Deductive
181. A proposal is also known as a:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Work plan
Prospectus
Outline
Draft plan
e) All of the above
182. Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections. They are:
a) Research question and research methodology
b) Research proposal and bibliography
c) Research method and schedule
d) Research question and bibliography
183. The following are the synonyms for independent variable except
a)
b)
c)
d)
Stimulus
Manipulated
Consequence
Presumed Cause
184. The following are the synonyms for dependent variable except
a) Presumed effect
b) Measured Outcome
c) Response
d) Predicted from…
185. Which of the following is not a characteristic of research?
a. It requires the collection of new data
b. It is reiterative
c. It requires reasoned arguments to develop conclusions
d. It aims to increase understanding
186. How many stages are there to the research process?
a.5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 8
187. What would NOT be a consideration during the research design stage?
a. The availability of literature
b. The availability of participants
c. The type of methods that would be used
d. The type of analysis that would take place
188. Your conceptual framework is normally developed?
a. Before your literature review
b. During your literature review
c. After data collection
d. After data analysis
190. When assessing a research question, which is not an element of ‘CAFÉ’?
a. Control
b. Access
c.Facilities and resources
d. Expertise
191. What should not be included in a research proposal?
a. A summary of existing work in the area
b. The proposed methods to collect data
c. The results that will be obtained
d. An acknowledgement of any ethical issues
192. Reliability in quantitative research refers to
a. The consistency of any measure
b. The suitability of any measure
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A or B
193. Reliability in qualitative research refers to
a. The consistency of any measure
b. The consistency of the methods used to collect data
c. The suitability of the measure used
d. All of these
194. An experimental research design normally involves
a. Manipulating the independent variable
b. Manipulating the dependent variable
c. A number of repeated measures
d. Data collected over an extended time period
195. Which of the following are not normally a requirement for experimental research design?
a. Demonstrating co variation
b. Demonstrating time order
c. Demonstrating repeated measures
d. Demonstrating non spuriousness
Q1)
VIM­104
Name :
______________________________________________________
Marks: 450
Roll No : ______________________________________________________
Duration: 30.0 Minutes
Total :
______________________________________________________
Date :
______________________ Signature : ______________________
Which research paradigm is based on the pragmatic view of reality?
1)
quantitative research
2)
qualitative research
3)
mixed research
4)
none of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45720
Explanation:
Q2)
1)
When planning your literature search you need to:
Have clearly defined research questions and
objectives
2)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45847
Define the parameters of your search
3)
4)
Generate key words and search terms
All the above
Explanation:
Q3)
We test causal hypothesis by seeking to do three things. Those are the following
except:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45990
1)
Measure the co­variation among variables
2)
Ignoring the relationships of one variable with
the other
3)
Determine the time order relationships among
variables
4)
Ensure that other factors do not confound the
exploratory relationships
Explanation:
Q4)
Which of the following does not apply to qualitative research?
1)
Data are often words and pictures
2)
Uses the inductive scientific method
3)
Ends with a statistical report
4)
Involves direct and personal contact with
participants
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45718
Explanation:
Q5)
1)
A researcher studies how students who flunk out of high school experienced high
school. She found that it was common for such students to report that they felt like
they had little control of their destiny. Her report that this lack of control was an
invariant part of the students’ experiences suggests that lack of control is _______ of
the “flunking out” experience
A narrative
2)
A grounded theory
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45711
3)
An essence
4)
A probabilistic cause
Explanation:
Q6)
in the absence of more information to determine a sample size on the basis of sound
statistical principles, at every point the researcher must attempt to ____________­
sources of error
1)
maximize
2)
minimize
3)
reject
4)
accept
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45662
Q7)
The number of police officers and the number of crimes are positively related. This
relationship is:
1)
A causal relationship
2)
A direct relationship
3)
A probabilistic causal relation
4)
A spurious relationship
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45750
Explanation:
Q8)
………………….provides the needed information that guides managers to make
informed decisions to successfully deal with problems.
1)
Research
2)
Business Research
3)
Decision Support System
4)
Business Intelligence
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45856
CEO of the company wants to study effect of stress level on job satisfaction of
employees. Dependent variable in this case is:
Q9)
1)
Stress level
2)
Commitment level
3)
Job satisfaction
4)
All of the above.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45984
Explanation:
Q10)
Which of the following is NOT one of the ways to increase response rate for a
questionnaire?
1)
Attractive cover letter
2)
Proper timing
3)
Large number of questions
4)
remuneration
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45670
Explanation:
Q11)
To extract meaningful knowledge from volumes of data contained within internal
database is called…………….
1)
Data warehousing
2)
data mining
3)
database
4)
All of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45793
Explanation:
Q12)
According to the marketing director of a frozen food marketer, “we need to determine
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45659
why our coupon redemption rate dropped from 20 % last month to 5 % this month.”
This statement outlines the firm’s
1)
research design
2)
issue (problem ) definition
3)
secondary data needs
4)
primary data needs
Explanation:
Q13)
In the research process, the management question has the following critical activity
in sequence
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45576
1)
Origin, selection, statement, exploration and
refinement
2)
Origin, statement, selection, exploration and
refinement
3)
Origin, exploration, selection, refinement, and
statement
4)
Origin, exploration, refinement, selection and
statement
Explanation:
Q14)
A proposal is also known as
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45839
1)
Work plan
2)
Prospectus
3)
Outline
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q15)
Which of the following values is not typically used for ?
1)
0.01
2)
0.05
3)
0.1
4)
0.25
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45804
Explanation:
Q16)
The inclusion of open­ended questions on many questionnaire means that a
significant amount of ________________ data is also collected.
1)
secondary
2)
quantitative
3)
qualitative
4)
primary
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45639
Explanation:
Q17)
In Business Intelligence on­line sources
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45882
1)
Troubles Manager
2)
Helps the Manager
3)
save Time of the Manager
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Q18)
a “real world” environment in which experiments take place is also referred to as
1)
field settings
2)
field trips
3)
field
4)
field research
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45656
Q19)
What allow a researcher to examine the degree and direction of the relationship
between two characteristics and variables ?
1)
Correlational designs
2)
Experimental designs
3)
Quasi ­ experimental designs
4)
Confounding variables
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45986
Explanation:
Q20)
If the study is carried out once and represent a snapshot of one point in time, then
the study is ___________
1)
Time related study
2)
Longitudinal study
3)
Cross sectional study
4)
Case studies
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45593
Q21)
What is the key defining characteristic of experimental research?
1)
extraneous variables are never present
2)
a positive correlation usually exists
3)
a negative correlation usually exists
4)
manipulation of the independent variable
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45728
Explanation:
Q22)
Exploratory research addresses one of the following type of question
1)
If
2)
How
3)
Why
4)
What
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45978
Explanation:
Q23)
If the study is repeated over an extended period, then the study is called as
___________
1)
Cross sectional study
2)
Descriptive study
3)
Time series analysis/study
4)
Longitudinal study
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45969
Explanation:
Q24)
Types of Descriptive Research Methods are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45930
1)
Observational Method
2)
Case Study Method
3)
In­depth interviews
4)
Survey Method
Explanation:
Q25)
Which of the following is true of the null and alternative hypotheses?
1)
Exactly one hypothesis must be true
2)
both hypotheses must be true
3)
It is possible for both hypotheses to be true
4)
It is possible for neither hypothesis to be
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45771
Q26)
The objectives in descriptive studies would usually use the wording
1)
“to find out”
2)
“to ascertain”
3)
“to compare”
4)
“to develop”
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45958
Explanation:
Q27)
Which research strategy is described here?_x000D_ Theory is developed from data
generated by a series of observations or interviews principally involving an inductive
approach.
1)
Grounded theory
2)
Experiment
3)
Ethnography
4)
Causal
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45935
Q28)
Observational methods, case­study methods and survey methods are used in which
research methodology
1)
a) Cross sectional
2)
b) Longitudinal
3)
c) Descriptive
4)
d) Causal
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38818
Explanation:
Q29)
The directors of a graduate program in educational research wish to see what types
of jobs their graduates take after they finish their program. They randomly sample
students from the program and have them fill out questionnaires with items asking
about the types of jobs they have had. They also are asked to describe the roles they
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45751
play in their current positions. This project is best described as having what kind of
objective:
1)
Descriptive
3)
Explanatory
2)
Predictive
Explanation:
Q30)
Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections.
They are:
1)
Research question and research methodology
2)
Research proposal and bibliography
3)
Research method and schedule
4)
Research question and bibliography
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45584
Q31)
What is the role of the moderator in a focus group?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45790
1)
To stimulate discussion and keep the
conversation on track.
2)
To ask leading questions and dominate the
discussion.
3)
To sit away from the group and observe their
behaviour
4)
. To evaluate the group's performance on a
particular task.
Explanation:
Q32)
study is based on 1000 people interviewed face to face in shopping centers. What
type of study is this
1)
Ethnographic study.
2)
Questionnaire study.
3)
Self­completion study.
4)
Qualitative study.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45898
Explanation:
Q33)
In Descriptive and Diagnostic Research, the research design must
be……………………
1)
Rigid
2)
Flexible
3)
Either of the above
4)
Neither of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45961
Explanation:
Q34)
After working for a plumbing contractor for several years, Ken Crowe finally
Marks : 1.0
Id: 46001
established his own plumbing shop. Unfortunately, Crowe's first six months have
been disappointing. Crowe decided to conduct a marketing research study to gather
preliminary data to shed light on the nature of the problem and suggest some new
ideas. He needs to conduct _____ research.
1)
Exploratory
2)
Causal
3)
Descriptive
4)
Secondary
Explanation:
Q35)
If the study is repeated over an extended period, then the study is called as ___
1)
Cross sectional study
2)
Descriptive study
3)
Time series analysis/study
4)
Longitudinal study
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45956
Q36)
In order to begin research, one must ?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45769
1)
start with a number of clear goals
2)
start with a number of predefined objectives
3)
have a well defined research method
4)
solve the research problem
Explanation:
Q37)
Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections.
They are
1)
Research question and research methodology
2)
Research proposal and bibliography
3)
Research method and schedule
4)
Research question and bibliography
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45901
Explanation:
Q38)
Which of the following is NOT a form of longitudinal research?
1)
Trend study
2)
Panel Study
3)
Cross­sectional study
4)
Pilot study
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45766
Explanation:
Q39)
Arrange the phases involved in the Research Design
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45923
1)
Purpose of the Research, Selection of the
problem, Analysis, fact findings
2)
Statement of the problem, Sample collection,
Survey, Purpose
3)
Title of the Research, Selection of the Problem,
purpose, Analysis
4)
Selection of the problem,title of the research,
purpose of the research, state of the problem
Explanation:
Q40)
1)
3)
The first step in the research process is the:
Development of the research plan
Collection of the available sources for
needed information
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45635
2)
Survey of stakeholders to determine if
problems exist
4)
Definition of the problem and research
objectives
Q41)
……………………..sometimes also called as interpretive research because it seeks to
develop understanding through detailed description.
1)
Qualitative research
2)
quantitative research
3)
descriptive research
4)
none of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45784
Explanation:
Q42)
Goal of Marketing Research is
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45883
1)
Launching of new products
2)
Introduction to the new market
3)
Enhances the ability of the managers
4)
Provides facts and directions to the managers
Explanation:
Q43)
A statistical fluctuation that occurs because of change variation in the elements
selected for the sample is called
1)
Random sampling error
2)
Systematic error
3)
Administrative error
4)
Error of judgment
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45612
Explanation:
Q44)
. __________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45902
and as such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures..
1)
Strategy
2)
Research Design
3)
Hypothesis
4)
Deductive
Explanation:
Q45)
If the researcher is concerned with finding out who,what,where,when,how much then
study is called ………
1)
a) Exploratory
2)
b) Descriptive
3)
c) Causal
4)
d)All of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38813
Q46)
A……………is conducted to detect weakness in design and instrumentation and to
provide proxy data for selection of probability sample.
1)
Pilot Test
2)
Data Analysis
3)
Statistical analysis
4)
Mathematical test
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45777
Explanation:
Q47)
_______ is the most commonly used technique for controlling for extraneous
variables in nonexperimental research.
1)
Matching
2)
Holding extraneous variables constant
3)
Statistical control
4)
Static control
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45763
Q48)
A ___________________ is conducted to detect weaknesses in research instrument’s
design
1)
Pilot study
2)
Questionnaire
3)
Interview
4)
Sampling
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45669
Explanation:
Q49)
1)
What methods can be used to get the research information needed?
By talking to people, either in person or on the
phone
2)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45905
By using the post and getting people to fill in
questionnaires and send them back to you
3)
By filling in some questionnaires yourself in
the way you think your target audience would
fill them out
4)
Both a& b
Explanation:
Q50)
in general terms, properly conducted, face to face interviews tend to be an effective
______ to data collection even if they are a little costly
1)
approach
2)
complimentary
3)
selective
4)
effective
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45664
Q51)
…………………….is particularly useful when researchers lack clear idea of problemQ
6 A…………………… is a group of people led by trained moderator who meet for 90
minutes to 2 hr.
1)
a) Depth interview group
2)
b) Focus group
3)
c) Study group
4)
d) Research group
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38816
Explanation:
Q52)
A variable that is not influenced by or not dependent on other variables in
experiments is called
1)
Independent variable
3)
Experimental variable
Explanation:
2)
Dependent variable
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45621
Q53)
If the researcher is concerned with finding out who, what where, when, or how much,
then the study is __________
1)
Exploratory
2)
Descriptive
3)
Empirical
4)
Causal
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45977
Explanation:
Q54)
1)
Management research question hierarchy begins with
Research Question
2)
Management Dilemma
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45780
3)
Management Question
4)
Measurement Question
Explanation:
Q55)
What is meant by the term "grounded theory"?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45787
1)
Theories should be tested by rigorous
scientific experiments.
2)
As a social researcher, it is important to keep
your feet on the ground.
3)
Theories should be grounded in political
values and biases.
4)
Theoretical ideas and concepts should emerge
from the data.
Explanation:
Q56)
If the study is repeated over an extended period, then the study is called as
___________
1)
Cross sectional study
2)
Descriptive study
3)
Time series analysis/study
4)
Longitudinal study
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45594
Explanation:
Q57)
Which of the following is usually not a characteristic of qualitative research?
1)
Design flexibility
2)
Dynamic systems
3)
Naturalistic inquiry
4)
Deductive design
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45716
Q58)
A critical review of the information, pertaining to the research study, already
available in various sources is called
1)
Research review
2)
Research design
3)
Data review
4)
Literature review
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45799
Explanation:
Q59)
1)
Research hypotheses are ______.
Formulated prior to a review of the literature
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45703
2)
Statements of predicted relationships between
variables
3)
Stated such that they can be confirmed or
refuted
4)
b and c
Explanation:
Q60)
The term ……………….. represents the tools and systems that play a key role in the
strategic planning process of the corporation. These systems allow a company to
gather, store, access and analyze corporate data to aid in decision­making.
1)
Research
2)
Business Research
3)
Decision Support System
4)
Business Intelligence
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45859
Q61)
Which type is not of variable?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45980
1)
Independent & Independent
2)
Extreme variable
3)
Concomitant variable
4)
Extraneous variable
Explanation:
Q62)
The process by which the sample is constructed to include all elements from each
of the segments is called:
1)
Systematic sampling
2)
Cluster sampling
3)
Double sampling
4)
Stratified random sampling
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45604
Q63)
1)
4)
Limitations of research are
Problems of collection of data and
conceptualization may occur.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45884
2)
Repetition problems.
3)
Outdated and insufficient information system
may cause problems.
Sufficient information can be gathered
Explanation:
Q64)
1)
A ______ is a subset of a _________.
Sample, population
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45768
2)
Population, sample
3)
Statistic, parameter
4)
Parameter, statistic
Explanation:
Q65)
A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called a(n):
1)
categorical variable
2)
dependent variable
3)
independent variable
4)
intervening variable
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45724
Q66)
The features that a good research procedure must possess are
1)
Procedure should be reproducible in nature.
2)
Controlled movement of the research
procedure
3)
Should be logical
4)
Procedure should not be reproducible in
nature
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45844
Explanation:
Q67)
It is best to use the method of working multiple hypotheses when _____.
1)
You are finished with your research
2)
You are planning your research study
3)
You are hoping to publish your already
obtained research results
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45764
Q68)
The strongest evidence for causality comes from which of the following research
methods?
1)
Experimental
2)
Causal­comparative
3)
Correlational
4)
Ethnography
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45740
Explanation:
Q69)
1)
Which of the following involves the studying of multiple cases in one research
study?
Intrinsic case study
2)
Single case study
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45717
3)
Instrumental case study
4)
Collective case study
Explanation:
Q70)
A proposal is also known as a:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45850
1)
Work plan
2)
Prospectus
3)
Outline
4)
All the abobe
Explanation:
Q71)
The basic idea of sampling is that by _______________ some of the elements in a
population, we may draw conclusions about the entire population.
1)
clustering
2)
selecting
3)
commenting
4)
tabulating
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45638
Explanation:
Q72)
Business research is necessary to study because it is helpful in
1)
price determination
2)
Evaluating market trends
3)
Achieving competitive advantage
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45838
Q73)
The research design process involves identifying a __________ problem or
opportunity, translating that problem or opportunity into a research process, and
collecting, analyzing, communicating and disseminating the information resulting
from the research activity.
1)
Communication
2)
Marketing
3)
Management
4)
Information
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45683
Explanation:
Q74)
1)
A dependent variable refers to :
The variable being manipulated or varied in
some way by the researcher.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45987
2)
A variable with a single value which remains
constant in a particular context.
3)
The variable which shows us the effect of the
manipulation.
4)
The experimental condition.
Explanation:
Q75)
the major ______________ in data storage and data retrieval system means that there
has been and continues to be a rapid growth in terms of secondary data sources
1)
Expense
2)
Addition
3)
Explosion
4)
Function
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45684
Q76)
What is the opposite of a variable
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45951
1)
A constant
2)
An extraneous variable
3)
A dependent variable
4)
A data set
Explanation:
Q77)
Which of the following includes examples of quantitative variables?
1)
age, temperature, income, height
2)
grade point average, anxiety level, reading
performance
3)
gender, religion, ethnic group
4)
both a and b
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45735
Q78)
An operational definition specifies:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45934
1)
The data analysis techniques to be used in the
study
2)
The levels of measurement to be used in the
study
3)
How a variable or concept will be defined and
measured in the study
4)
How the outcome of the research objectives
for the study will be measured
Explanation:
Q79)
1)
…………….. serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an
organization and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not
easily specified in advance.
Research
2)
Business Research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45858
3)
Decision Support System
4)
Business Intelligence
Explanation:
Q80)
When we try to explain the relationships among variables, the study is called
1)
Exploratory study
2)
Longitudinal study
3)
Causal study
4)
Cross sectional study
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45595
Q81)
which of the following sentence is true for research design?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38812
1)
a) An activity and time based plan
2)
b) A plan always based on research question
3)
c) A procedural outline for every research
activity
4)
d) All of the above
Explanation:
Q82)
The following are the synonyms for independent variable except
1)
Stimulus
2)
Manipulated
3)
Consequence
4)
Presumed Cause
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45582
Q83)
“What is the possibility that the new product will not be accepted by the customers?
is which type of the following?
1)
Research question
2)
Management question
3)
Measurement question
4)
Investigative question
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45911
Explanation:
Q84)
1)
A good qualitative problem statement:
Defines the independent and dependent
variables
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45689
2)
Conveys a sense of emerging design
3)
Specifies a research hypothesis to be tested
4)
Specifies the relationship between variables
that the researcher expects to find
Explanation:
Q85)
______________ takes place when the occurrence of X increases the probability of
the occurrence of Y.
1)
Probability
2)
Causality
3)
Reliability
4)
Validity
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45992
Q86)
One of the terms given below is defined as “a bundle of meanings or characteristics
associated with certain events, objects, conditions, situations, and the like
1)
Construct
2)
Definition
3)
Concept
4)
Variable
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45580
Explanation:
Q87)
random sampling error is the difference between the sample _________and the
results of a complete survey of the total population using exactly the same
procedures
1)
population
2)
observation
3)
result
4)
sample
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45661
Q88)
1)
4)
The purpose of a problem statement is to
Introduce the reader to the importance of the
topic being studied.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45887
2)
Places the problem into a particular context
3)
Provides the framework for reporting the
results
To creates suspense in the mind of
researchers
Explanation:
Q89)
Sources of researchable problems can include:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45695
1)
Researchers’ own experiences as educators
2)
Practical issues that require solutions
3)
Theory and past research
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q90)
The introduction chapter is usually _____________ % of the total word limit of the
dissertation
1)
30
2)
40
3)
25
4)
10
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45688
Q91)
If a research finding is statistically significant, then ____.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45757
1)
The observed result is probably not due to
chance
2)
The observed result cannot possibly be due to
chance
3)
The observed result is probably a chance
result
4)
The null hypothesis of “no relationship” is
probably true
Explanation:
Q92)
Which statement about hypotheses is false?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45817
1)
Hypotheses are in declarative sentence form.
2)
It is possible to formulate hypotheses for all
research studies.
3)
A hypothesis is an assumption or proposition
about the topic that is of interest to the
4)
An important role of a hypothesis is to suggest
probable relationship between the variables
researcher
under study
Explanation:
Q93)
The feasibility of a research study should be considered in light of:
1)
Cost and time required to conduct the study
2)
Skills required of the researcher
3)
Potential ethical concerns
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45699
Q94)
………….. is the plan & structure of investigation so as to obtain the answers to
research questions.
1)
Research proposal
2)
Research process
3)
Research design
4)
Research structure
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45981
Explanation:
Q95)
1)
4)
Where are psychological individual explorations or in­depth interviews used?
Analysis of individual, intimate attitude and
behaviour patterns
Pilot Studies
Explanation:
2)
Image studies
3)
Motive analysis
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45932
Q96)
Which of the three necessary conditions for cause and effect is almost always
problematic in nonexperimental research?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45765
1)
Condition 1: Variable A and Variable B must be
related (the relationship condition).
2)
Condition 2: Proper time order must be
established (the temporal antecedence
condition).
3)
Condition 3: The relationship between variable
A and Variable B must not be due to some
confounding extraneous variable"
4)
Nonexperimental research is always weak on
all three of the conditions
Explanation:
Q97)
Benefits of the qualitative research are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45925
1)
reducing the respondents burden
2)
improve the reliability of the responses
3)
Improve the validity of the responses
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q98)
Exploratory research design includes:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45886
1)
Secondary Data Analysis.
2)
The who, what, when, where, and how of a
topic.
3)
Reciprocal Relationship.
4)
Asymmetrical Relationship.
Explanation:
Q99)
All students studying in UAE College are having bright future. Abdul Rahman is a
student of UAE College. Abdul Rahman has a bright future. This type of argument is
called as
1)
Introduction
2)
Induction
3)
Detective
4)
Deduction
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45687
Explanation:
Q100)
1)
The literature review that the researcher writes becomes the:
The literature review that the researcher writes
becomes the:_x000D_ _x000D_ Conceptual
framework for the research project.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45869
2)
Theoretical framework for the research project.
3)
Methodological framework for the research
project.
4)
Analytical framework for the research project.
Explanation:
Q101)
A research proposal is also known as a
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45849
1)
Work plan
2)
Prospectus
3)
Outline
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q102)
What is the defining characteristic of experimental research?
1)
resistance to manipulation
2)
manipulation of the independent variable
3)
the use of open­ended questions
4)
focuses only on local problems
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45730
Explanation:
Q103)
A researcher wants to study whether a mobile buyer would buy a laptop. The unit of
analysis in this case would be the _______________ .
1)
Laptop dealer
2)
Mobile dealer
3)
Mobile owner
4)
Current laptop owners
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45816
Q104)
_______________ of longitudinal study rely on repeated measurements of the same
variables
1)
Continuous panel study
2)
Cross sectional study
3)
Projective technique
4)
none of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45575
Explanation:
Q105)
How many times in a month you visit a shopping mall? is which type of the
following?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45908
1)
Research question
2)
Management question
3)
Measurement question
4)
Investigative question
Explanation:
Q106)
Focus group discussion and depth interview both produces …………………….result
1)
a) Quantitative
2)
b) qualitative
3)
c) both
4)
d) none of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38824
Q107)
Functional areas of Management are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45842
1)
Financial Management
2)
Product and Materials Management
3)
HRM Human Resource
4)
all of the above
Explanation:
Q108)
If we want to study sales pattern on quarterly basis throughout the year, which of the
following is suited?
1)
Cross sectional research
2)
Longitudinal Research
3)
Both 1 & 2
4)
neither 1 or 2
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45983
Q109)
Which of the following is not Research Design
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45953
1)
Exploratory
2)
Explainatory
3)
Causal
4)
Descriptive
Explanation:
Q110)
1)
Which of the following is a function of theory?
Integrating and summarizing current
knowledge
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45696
2)
Making predictions
3)
Explaining phenomena
4)
All of the above are important functions of
theory
Explanation:
Q111)
If time is of the essence for a research project, the preferred contact method is:
1)
Mail
2)
Telephone
3)
Intercept interview
4)
Personal interview
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45617
Q112)
When research questions are( fractionized into further small question) ……………….
Questions are formed
1)
Investigative question
2)
Research Question
3)
Measurement question
4)
Management Question
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45783
Explanation:
Q113)
Imagine your college is in the process of measuring student satisfaction with the
college’s cafeteria. The college is concerned about the objectivity of the research
process. Which of the following strategies best illustrates objectivity.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45658
1)
Developing the survey instrument on the basis
of the researcher’s preconceptions of the
cafeteria
2)
Asking students in a personal survey “why do
you like the cafeteria?” and reminding
students that the cafeteria food is healthier
than the offerings of the nearby fast food
restaurants
3)
Mailing the questionnaire to a random sample
4)
Using a personal survey directed to students
of all students
who purchased a meal card
Explanation:
Q114)
Concomitant ______________ occurs when the presumed cause and presumed effect
are both present and both vary in a manner predicted by the researcher's hypothesis.
1)
variation
2)
probability
3)
reliability
4)
validity
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45993
Q115)
The Introduction section of the research plan
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45707
1)
Gives an overview of prior relevant studies
2)
Contains a statement of the purpose of the
study
3)
Concludes with a statement of the research
questions and, for quantitative research, it
includes the research hypothesis
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q116)
The chapter that details the way in which the research was conducted is the
_________________________ chapter
1)
Introduction
2)
Literature review
3)
Research methodology
4)
Data analysis
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45577
Q117)
Which of the following is/are necessary condition(s) for causation?
1)
The relationship condition
2)
The temporal antecedence condition
3)
The lack of alternative explanation condition
4)
All of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45758
Explanation:
Q118)
1)
In this method respondents are asked to interpret the behavior of others rather than
describe their own behavior, this method is called……………………..
a) Focus group
2)
b) Depth Interview
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38823
3)
c) Projective technique
4)
d)none of the above
Explanation:
Q119)
Secondary data can almost always be obtained more quickly and at a lower cost than
__________data.
1)
Tertiary
2)
Collective
3)
Research
4)
Primary
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45586
Q120)
Which of these is not a characteristic of a good research?
1)
Purpose clearly defined
2)
Limitations frankly revealed
3)
Research design thoroughly planned
4)
Findings presented ambiguously.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45798
Explanation:
Q121)
Which one of the following is not a step in nonexperimental research?
1)
Determine research problem and hypotheses
2)
Analyze data
3)
Interpret results
4)
All are steps
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45756
Q122)
A research design usually consists of the following factors
1)
The objective of the problem to be studied
2)
The nature of the problem
3)
The availability of time and money for the
research work.
4)
Timeless research unless objectives are
fulfilled
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45825
Explanation:
Q123)
Which one of the following is a data collection method?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45848
1)
Positivism. _x000D_
2)
The interview._x000D_
3)
The case study.
4)
The onion.
Explanation:
Q124)
Primary data collection sources include……
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45810
1)
Journal
2)
Magazines
3)
Websites
4)
Interview
Explanation:
Q125)
………..occur between only two people, they offer a much more receptive venue for
discussing sensitive or potentially embarrassing topics
1)
Focus group
2)
Depth interview
3)
Projective technique
4)
none of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45917
Explanation:
Q126)
A fixed sample of respondents who are measured repeatedly over time, but on
variables that change from measurement to measurement is called
1)
a) Cross sectional study
2)
b) Continuous panel study
3)
c) Discontinuous panel study
4)
d) None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38827
Q127)
All the data collection sources, database management tools, statistical and analytical
tools combined together forms……
1)
Business research
2)
Decision Support System
3)
Management Support system
4)
None of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45805
Explanation:
Q128)
a condition that exists when an instruments measures what it is supposed to
measure is called
1)
validity
3)
reliability
2)
accuracy
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45655
Explanation:
Q129)
Which of the following statements are true?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45914
1)
Business research cannot be carried out
without questionnaire.
2)
Business research can only be carried out with
interview.
3)
Business research can only be carried out
through observation.
4)
There are various methods of collecting data.
Explanation:
Q130)
Features of good research design are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45928
1)
Subjectivity
2)
Objectivity
3)
Reliability
4)
Validity
Explanation:
Q131)
In this respondents are asked to interpret the behavior of others rather than describe
their own behavior, this method is called……………………..
1)
Focus group
2)
Depth Interview
3)
Projective technique
4)
none of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45916
Q132)
Which of the following are elements of Research Proposal?
1)
Problem statement
2)
Research objectives
3)
Literature review.
4)
All the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45813
Explanation:
Q133)
A null hypothesis can only be rejected at the 5% significance level if and only if:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45815
1)
a 95% confidence interval includes the
hypothesized value of the parameter
2)
a 95% confidence interval does not include the
hypothesized value of the parameter
3)
the null hypothesis is void
4)
the null hypotheses includes sampling error
Explanation:
Q134)
A positive correlation is present when _______.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45731
1)
two variables move in opposite directions
2)
two variables move in the same direction
3)
one variable goes up and one goes down
4)
several variables never change.
Explanation:
Q135)
The group on which the researcher wants to generalize the results of his study is
called the
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45632
1)
sampling frame
2)
study population
3)
theoretical population
4)
sample
Explanation:
Q136)
. ________ is a general methodology for developing theory that is based on data
systematically gathered and analyzed
1)
Theory confirmation
2)
Grounded theory
3)
Theory deduction
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45713
Q137)
1)
4)
A Hypothesis is...................
Tentative Solution of the problem which is yet
to be prove
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38832
2)
Assumption made by the researcher
3)
Prediction about the solution of the problem
All of these
Explanation:
Q138)
Hypotheses in qualitative research studies usually _____.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45704
1)
Are very specific and stated prior to beginning
the study
2)
Are often generated as the data are collected,
interpreted, and analyzed
3)
Are never used
4)
Are always stated after the research study has
been completed
Explanation:
Q139)
Should we conduct more training sessions for our employees in order to increase
productivity?” is
1)
Research question
2)
Management question
3)
Measurement question
4)
Investigative question
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45909
Explanation:
Q140)
In a ……………….. research we try to explain relationship among variables
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38814
1)
a) Causal
2)
b) Descriptive
3)
c) Exploratory
4)
D) None of the above
Explanation:
Q141)
­­­­­­­­­­­ are Questions the researcher, must answer to satisfactory arrive at a
conclusion about the research question.
1)
Investigate questions
2)
Research question
3)
Measurement question
4)
Fine­tuning the research question
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45855
Q142)
Data collecting phase of research process begins with
1)
Hypothesis testing
2)
Investigation
3)
Pilot Survey
4)
Pilot Testing
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45880
Explanation:
Q143)
Which of the following involves entering data in computer files, inspecting the data
for errors, and running tabulations and various statistical tests?
1)
data analysis
2)
data entry
3)
data cleaning
4)
data tabulation
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45748
Q144)
Of type I & type II error, one which traditionally regarded as more serious is­­­­­­­­­­
1)
Type I
2)
Type II
3)
They are equally serious
4)
Neither is serious
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45940
Explanation:
Q145)
1)
inspite of the rapid growth of research, many companies still fail to use it sufficiently
or correctly. Which of the following describes a reason for this failure
a narrow conception of marketing research
2)
uneven caliber of researchers
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45653
3)
poor framing of problems
4)
personality and presentational differences
Explanation:
Q146)
Logically inferred relationships between two or more variables expressed in the form
of testable statements are known as
1)
Problem statements
2)
Hypotheses
3)
Research Proposition
4)
Research assumptions
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45985
Q147)
These are variables that influence the outcome of an experiment, though they are not
the variables that are actually of interest …
1)
a) Dependent variable
2)
b) Independent variable
3)
c) Extraneous variable
4)
d) concomitant variable
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38830
Explanation:
Q148)
Exploratory research design includes
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45949
1)
Secondary Data Analysis
2)
The who, what, when, where, and how of a
topic
3)
Reciprocal Relationship
4)
Asymmetrical Relationship
Explanation:
Q149)
Characteristics of research are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45845
1)
Edited
2)
Articulate
3)
Reliable
4)
Mumble
Explanation:
Q150)
A set of systematically interrelated concepts, definitions and propositions that are
advanced to explain and predict phenomena is called
1)
Research
2)
Model
3)
Theory
4)
None of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45603
Explanation:
Q151)
Business research is a systematic inquiry that provides information to guide
business decisions. This includes the following except:
1)
Reporting
2)
Descriptive
3)
Explanatory
4)
Predictive studies
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45686
Explanation:
Q152)
Which of the following independent variables cannot be manipulated in a research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45759
study?
1)
Gender
2)
Ethnicity
3)
Intelligence and other traits
4)
None of ht above can be manipulated in a
research study
Explanation:
Q153)
In general the larger the sample, the smaller the
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45671
1)
Sampling proportion
2)
Population size
3)
Size of the strata
4)
Sampling error
Explanation:
Q154)
Through_______researchers develop concepts more clearly, establish priorities,
develop operational definitions, and improve the final research design
1)
Data collection
2)
Exploration
3)
Description
4)
Definition
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45680
Explanation:
Q155)
which of the following is not a characteristic of email questionnaire survey?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45675
1)
Instant speed of data collection
2)
World wide global flexibility
3)
High distribution and processing costs
4)
Flexible but extensive difference in the
capabilities of respondents
Explanation:
Q156)
__________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research
and as such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures..
1)
Strategy
2)
Research Design
3)
Hypothesis
4)
Deductive
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45591
Q157)
Which one of these is NOT normally associated with qualitative data?
1)
Narrative.
2)
Pie charts.
3)
Words.
4)
Images
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45897
Explanation:
Q158)
Intuitive decision makers’ decisions are based on ………
1)
Business research
2)
Methodologies and findings
3)
Past experience and instinct
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45808
Q159)
Which of the following would be true regarding exploratory research?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45743
1)
Exploratory research is highly structured.
2)
Exploratory research is very formal.
3)
Exploratory research determines causality.
4)
Exploratory research is both unstructured and
informal.
Explanation:
Q160)
1)
What Focus Groups Cannot Tell You
Valid information about individuals
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45975
2)
Provide a means of evaluating existing
programs
3)
Produce insights for developing strategies for
outreach
4)
Help improve the planning and design of new
programs
Explanation:
Q161)
All of the following are common characteristics of experimental research except:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45725
1)
it relies primarily on the collection of
numerical data
2)
it can produce important knowledge about
cause and effect
3)
it uses the deductive scientific method
4)
it rarely is conducted in a controlled setting or
environment
Explanation:
Q162)
An….. is a private network that is contained within an organization (not available to
public)
1)
Intranet
2)
Internet
3)
Extranet
4)
None of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45797
Explanation:
Q163)
A Solomon four­group design is
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45989
1)
a combination of both the posttest only and
pretest­posttest designs.
2)
used when there are four independent
variables
3)
used to assess the impact of selection bias.
4)
a combination of random assignment and
random selection.
Explanation:
Q164)
Which of the following is not a criticism of qualitative research?_x000D_ _x000D_
_x000D_ .
1)
The studies are difficult to replicate.
2)
There is a lack of transparency.
3)
The approach is too rigid and inflexible
4)
The accounts are too subjective and
impressionistic
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45920
Explanation:
Q165)
Which of the following sequence of activities is correct in research process?_x000D_
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45863
a) Objectives Finalization b) Data Analysis c) Data Collection d) Conclusion
1)
acbd
2)
abcd
3)
bcda
4)
dcba
Explanation:
Q166)
Which of these is a precisely­defined issue (problem) definition?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45891
1)
why are current sales so poor?
2)
Will additional advertising have a positive
impact on sales
3)
Are we in compliance with current local pricing
legislation
4)
What per cent of adults recall an ad two days
after it appeared?
Explanation:
Q167)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45862
i) Investigation question_x000D_
ii) Measurement Question_x000D_
iii) Research Question_x000D_
iv) Management Question_x000D_
Arrange above sequence of questions hierarchy wise
1)
I,ii,iii,iv
2)
iv,iii,I,ii
3)
ii,iii,iv,I
4)
iv,iii,ii,i
Explanation:
Q168)
Qualitative research approach is generally used for
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45926
1)
talking to people who have stopped using the
particular product
2)
Watch users with particular product on regular
basis
3)
Watch out for new users
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q169)
in designing the questionnaire it is important to remember that the survey researcher
is ________ person who has to use the questionnaire
1)
not the only
2)
the only
3)
only
4)
the
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45666
Q170)
One­tailed alternatives are phrased in terms of:
1)
or =
3)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45772
2)
< or >
4)
≤ or ≥
Explanation:
Q171)
. __________ is a form of explanatory research in which the researcher develops a
theoretical model and empirically tests the model to determine how well the model
fits the data.
1)
Causal modeling
2)
Predictive research
3)
Descriptive research
4)
Exploratory research
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45760
Q172)
Until recently Canadian condo developers operated under the philosophy, “Build it
and they will buy.” Then, Stan Kates launched the Preferred Home Buyer Alliance. He
is in the process of creating a database of new homebuyers and prospective
homebuyers in Ontario who provide his organization with information about what
they want and don’t want in their homes. A builder can contract with Kates and find
out, for example, if homebuyers with small children prefer track lighting or two sinks
in the master bedroom. The database also has information on homebuyer’s favorite
restaurants and hobbies. One way Kates collects this data is through a gathering of
six to ten new and prospective homebuyers who are invited to talk about their ideal
home. Kates uses _____ research.
1)
Focus­group
2)
Experiential
3)
Observational
4)
Causal
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45648
Q173)
the conversion of the raw data into information means that the data needs to be
___________ and coded so that it can be transferred onto a computer or other data
storage media
1)
edited
2)
audited
3)
amalgamated
4)
converted
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45643
Explanation:
Q174)
According to the text, which of the following orders is the recommended in the
flowchart of the development of a research idea?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45694
1)
Research topic, research problem, research
purpose, research question, hypothesis
2)
Research topic, research purpose, research
problem, research question, hypothesis
3)
Research topic, research problem, research
purpose, research question, hypothesis
4)
Research topic, hypothesis, research problem,
research question, research purpose
Explanation:
Q175)
Find out correct sequence of following steps_x000D_ _x000D_
1. Research Design,
2. Data Collection,
3. Prblem formulation
4. Literature review
1)
3, 4, 1, 2
2)
1, 2, 3, 4
3)
2, 3, 4, 1
4)
3, 1, 2, 4
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45866
Q176)
what are the two types of arguments
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45668
1)
deduction and induction
2)
exploratory and deductive
3)
dejection and injection
4)
none of the above
Explanation:
Q177)
1)
There are __________ ways of assigning participants to experimental conditions.
One
2)
Two
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45957
3)
Three
4)
Four
Explanation:
Q178)
which step in the marketing research process is generally considered to be the most
prone to error?
1)
Problem definition
2)
Sample framing
3)
Questionnaire design
4)
Data collection
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45652
Q179)
The goal of Research Design is
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45922
1)
Provides Blue Print to the Research
2)
Limits the boundaries of the Research
3)
Simplify the Research work
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q180)
A good research design is one which is methodologically prepared and should
ensure that
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45929
1)
4)
The measuring instrument can yield objective,
reliable and valid data.
2)
The population is clearly defined.
3)
Most appropriate techniques of sample
selection is used to form an appropriate
sample.
The population is unknown.
Explanation:
Q181)
Which of the following is a characteristic of qualitative research?
1)
Design flexibility
2)
Inductive analysis
3)
Context sensitivity
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45712
Q182)
the major disadvantage with in depth interviews is that because of their time
consuming nature it is usually only possible to carry out a relatively small number of
such interviews and as such the results are likely to be highly ____________
1)
subjective
2)
objective
3)
questionable
4)
objectionable
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45644
Explanation:
Q183)
1)
What is the opposite of a variable?
a constant
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45736
2)
an extraneous variable
3)
a dependent variable
4)
a data set
Explanation:
Q184)
What is the main difference between a focus group and a group interview?
1)
Group interviews involve fewer participants.
2)
Focus groups are used to study the ways
people discuss a specific topic.
3)
There is no moderator present in a focus
group.
4)
Focus groups save more time and money.
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45789
Q185)
Which of the following is true regarding the size of the sample?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45747
1)
There is no such thing as having a sample that
is too large
2)
You should strive to have a sample that is at
least 50 percent of the size of the population
3)
A sample size that is too large wastes research
dollars; the sample size should be just large
enough to give the researcher accurate results
without wasting money
4)
Sample size is more important than the sample
plan
Explanation:
Q186)
Which of the following should be included in a research proposal.
1)
Your academic status and experience
2)
The difficulties you encountered with your
previous reading on topic
3)
Your choice of research methods and reasons
for choosing them
4)
All of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45779
Explanation:
Q187)
Component of DSS are ( Decision Support system)
1)
Computer
2)
Human Being
3)
Technology
4)
Industry
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45881
Explanation:
Q188)
Which step in the marketing research process is generally considered to be the most
Marks : 1.0
prone to error?
Id: 45893
1)
Problem definition
2)
Sample framing
3)
Questionnaire design
4)
Data collection
Explanation:
Q189)
__________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research and
as such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures..
1)
Strategy
2)
Research Design
3)
Hypothesis
4)
Deductive
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45968
Q190)
“Conclusions must necessarily follow from the premises.” Identify the type of
arguments that follows the above condition
1)
Induction
2)
Combination of Induction and Deduction
3)
Deduction
4)
Variables
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45579
Explanation:
Q191)
If we consider the possible relationships that can occur between two variables, we
can conclude that there are three possibilities. The following are the possible except:
1)
Property­behavior relationships
2)
Reciprocal relationship
3)
Symmetrical
4)
Asymmetrical
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45682
Q192)
Which of the following is characteristic of qualitative research?
1)
Generalization to the population
2)
Random sampling
3)
Unique case orientation
4)
Standardized tests and measures
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45709
Explanation:
Q193)
1)
__________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research and
as such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures.
Strategy
2)
Research Design
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45976
3)
Hypothesis
4)
Deductive
Explanation:
Q194)
The question, “What is your opinion on the safety of American highways?” is an
example of a _____ question.
1)
Completely unstructured
2)
Thematic
3)
Dichotomous
4)
Semantic differential
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45615
Q195)
1)
4)
A hypothesis is defined as
a tentative prediction of the results of the
research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45874
2)
the operational definition of the study
3)
a qualitative research design
a quantitative study
Explanation:
Q196)
A type II error occurs when:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45773
1)
the null hypothesis is incorrectly accepted
when it is false
2)
the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected
when it is true
3)
the sample mean differs from the population
mean
4)
the test is biased
Explanation:
Q197)
A set of systematically interrelated concepts, definitions and propositions that are
advanced to explain and predict phenomena is called
1)
Research
2)
Model
3)
Theory
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45831
Q198)
Which of these is not a exploratory research design.
1)
Secondary data analysis
2)
Experience survey
3)
Focus group
4)
Reporting
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45607
Explanation:
Q199)
Data that is created, recorded or generated by an entity other than the researcher's
organisation is collectively called_x000D_ _x000D_
a) Primary data_x000D_
b) Secondary data_x000D_
c) Internal data_x000D_
d) External data
1)
Primary data
2)
Secondary data
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45904
3)
Internal data
4)
External data
Explanation:
Q200)
1)
4)
By using the experimental method, extraneous variables are kept constant either
though ___________ or through ___________.
confounding randomization; blind
experimenters
the independent variable; the dependent
variable
Explanation:
2)
experimental control; randomization
3)
random sampling; random assignment
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45941
Q201)
Which one of these is NOT normally associated with quantitative data?
1)
Analysis begins as data are collected.
2)
Researchers views of high importance.
3)
Numbers._x000D_
4)
Analysis guided by standardized rules.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45827
Explanation:
Q202)
A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called
1)
Categorical variable
2)
Dependent variable
3)
Independent variable
4)
Intervening variable
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45950
Q203)
…………… is a first step in research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45837
1)
Data Collection
2)
Resarch Design
3)
Problem Identification
4)
Data Analysis & Interpretation
Explanation:
Q204)
1)
Which of the following is not usually found in a report of a quantitative study?
Measurement
2)
Introduction
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45792
3)
Confession
4)
Results
Explanation:
Q205)
A variable that is not influenced by or not dependent on other variables in
experiments is called
1)
Independent variable
2)
Dependent variable
3)
Experimental variable
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45852
Q206)
Which of the following is the type of nonexperimental research in which the primary
independent variable of interest is categorical?
1)
causal­comparative research
2)
experimental research
3)
qualitative research
4)
mixed research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45737
Explanation:
Q207)
1)
4)
When planning your literature search you need to:
Have clearly defined research questions
and objectives
All the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45634
2)
Define the parameters of your search
3)
Generate key words and search terms
Q208)
The growth of corporate intranets, extranets, as well as the web, has accelerated the
development and use of “executive class” information delivery and decision support
software tools by lower levels of management and by individuals and teams of
business professionals. This dramatic expansion has opened the door to the use of
which of the following tool?
1)
Business intelligence
2)
Business Knowledge
3)
Business Ideas
4)
Corporate Intelligent
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45896
Explanation:
Q209)
for questions which the respondents are not likely to answer truthfully, it is ideal to
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45660
use which technique
1)
response technique
2)
hidden response technique
3)
hypothetical projective response technique
4)
response brackets
Explanation:
Q210)
The Method section of the research plan typically specifies
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45706
1)
The research participants
2)
The results of prior studies that address the
phenomena of interest
3)
The apparatus, instruments, and materials for
the research study
4)
The planned research procedures
Explanation:
Q211)
The first step in the research process is the:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45890
1)
Development of the research plan
2)
Survey of stakeholders to determine if
problems exist
3)
Collection of the available sources for needed
information
4)
Definition of the problem and research
objectives
Explanation:
Q212)
Variable are ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45936
1)
The main focus of research in science
2)
Something that can vary in term of precision
3)
Something that we can measure
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q213)
Which of the following activity is not associated with exploratory Research
1)
Literature survey
2)
Experience Survey
3)
Survey of population
4)
Analysis of Insight stimulating cases
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45967
Explanation:
Q214)
it is also important to avoid asking embarrassing and _______ questions
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45685
1)
personnel
2)
private
3)
personal
4)
stupid
Explanation:
Q215)
In Systematic sampling:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45602
1)
The population is divided into groups, and
some groups are randomly selected for study.
2)
3)
The population is divided into
subpopulations.
4)
Explanation:
Every nth item is chosen in the sample,
beginning with a random start for the choice of
n
None of the above
Q216)
………………..presents and justifies a plan of action and shows the investigation
plan.
1)
Research
2)
Research Process
3)
Research design
4)
Research proposal
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45861
Explanation:
Q217)
Research design is
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45843
1)
Way of Research
2)
Method of Research
3)
over all plan or scheme prepared by the
researcher
4)
Activity to be conducted
Explanation:
Q218)
Business Research areas are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45820
1)
SWOT Analysis
2)
Cost Analysis
3)
customer analysis
4)
all of above
Explanation:
Q219)
Focus group, depth interview is mostly used in which research methodology
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38817
1)
a) Qualitative
2)
b) Quantitative
3)
c) Both
4)
d) None of the above
Explanation:
Q220)
BIS is designed to provide …………………….. Information to managers.
1)
Past
2)
Ongoing
3)
Future
4)
Past & Future
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45836
Q221)
Data that is created, recorded or generated by an entity other than the researcher's
organisation is collectively called
1)
Primary data
2)
Secondary data
3)
Internal data
4)
External data
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45610
Explanation:
Q222)
Sources of researchable problems can include
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45840
1)
Researchers’ own experiences as educators
2)
Practical issues that require solutions
3)
Theory and past research
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q223)
The statement of purpose in a research study should:
1)
Identify the design of the study
2)
Identify the intent or objective of the study
3)
Specify the type of people to be used in the
study
4)
Describe the study
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45691
Explanation:
Q224)
1)
The first step in the research process is the
Development of the research plan
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45800
2)
Survey of stakeholders to determine if
problems exist
3)
Collection of the available sources for needed
information
4)
Definition of the problem and research
objectives
Explanation:
Q225)
At which hierarchy level possible courses of action available are considered
1)
Research question
2)
Management Question
3)
Investigation Question
4)
Measurement Question
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45782
Q226)
1)
4)
What kind of ideas can’t be empirically researched?
Effectiveness of different methods of
instruction
2)
Description of educational practices
3)
Issues of values and morality such as the
correctness of having prayer in schools
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45697
Factors helpful in predicting future drug use
Explanation:
Q227)
Kellogg seeks to determine consumer believability towards it's products' health
claims. The most appropriate technique for this purpose is
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45624
1)
Observation
2)
Survey
3)
Experimentation
4)
Simulation
Explanation:
Q228)
What should a market researcher do once he or she has defined the problem and the
research objectives?
1)
Collect the information
2)
Budget for information collection
3)
Develop the research plan
4)
Sample the population
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45888
Q229)
Until recently Canadian condo developers operated under the philosophy, “Build it
and they will buy.” Then, Stan Kates launched the Preferred Home Buyer Alliance. He
is in the process of creating a database of new homebuyers and prospective
homebuyers in Ontario who provide his organization with information about what
they want and don’t want in their homes. A builder can contract with Kates and find
out, for example, if homebuyers with small children prefer track lighting or two sinks
in the master bedroom. The database also has information on homebuyer’s favorite
restaurants and hobbies. One way Kates collects this data is through a gathering of
six to ten new and prospective homebuyers who are invited to talk about their ideal
home. Kates uses _____ research.
1)
Focus­group
2)
Experiential
3)
Observational
4)
Causal
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45946
Explanation:
Q230)
A researcher studies achievement by children in poorly funded elementary schools.
She develops a model that posits parent involvement as an important variable. She
believes that parent involvement has an impact on children by increasing their
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45921
motivation to do school work. Thus, in her model, greater parent involvement leads
to higher student motivation, which in turn creates higher student achievement.
Student motivation is what kind of variable in this study?
1)
Manipulated variable
2)
Extraneous variable
3)
Confounding variable
4)
Mediating or intervening variable
Explanation:
Q231)
1)
4)
Which of the following are two forms of the basic, simple experimental design?
pretest­only design; posttest­one group
design
posttest­only; pretest­posttest design
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45988
2)
posttest­only; pretest­two group design
3)
pretest­posttest design; single case design
Q232)
When two variables fluctuate together but we assume that neither variables changes
because of other.
1)
a) Reciprocal relationship
2)
b) Symmetrical relationship
3)
c) Asymmetrical relationship
4)
d) none of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38821
Explanation:
Q233)
1)
Which of the following is not a criticism of qualitative research? .
The studies are difficult to replicate.
2)
There is a lack of transparency.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45788
3)
The approach is too rigid and inflexible
4)
The accounts are too subjective and
impressionistic
Explanation:
Q234)
1)
4)
The importance of measurement in quantitative research is that:
it allows us to delineate fine differences
between people or cases.
all of the above.
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45785
2)
it provides a consistent device or yardstick
3)
it allows for precise estimates of the degree of
relationship between concepts.
Q235)
______ research occurs when the researcher manipulates the independent variable.
1)
causal­comparative research
2)
experimental research
3)
ethnography
4)
correlational research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45734
Explanation:
Q236)
Decision makers whose decisions are guided by business research and
methodologies are called.
1)
Visionaries
2)
Intuitive decision makers
3)
Business Decision makers
4)
None Of The Above.
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45809
Q237)
A researcher wants to study the characteristics of people who are heavy users of
film (purchase more than 12 rolls per year). This group is referred to as the:
1)
Sample
2)
Census
3)
Population
4)
None of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45623
Explanation:
Q238)
After working for a plumbing contractor for several years, Ken Crowe finally
established his own plumbing shop. Unfortunately, Crowe's first six months have
been disappointing. Crowe decided to conduct a marketing research study to gather
preliminary data to shed light on the nature of the problem and suggest some new
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45947
ideas. He needs to conduct _____ research.
1)
Exploratory
2)
Causal
3)
Descriptive
4)
Observational
Explanation:
Q239)
………………….method is independent and does not depend upon the sample size,It
can generate meaningful results with a small sample group.
1)
Quantitative
2)
Qualitative
3)
both
4)
none of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45915
Q240)
Research designs for such studies must be flexible enough to provide opportunity
for considering different aspects of a problem under study.
1)
Exploratory Research
2)
Descriptive Research
3)
Causal Research
4)
Diagnostic Research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45960
Explanation:
Q241)
The introduction of the new models of Nokia mobile will lead to a decrease in the
sales of Siemens mobiles”. In this statement :
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45991
1)
The introduction of the new models of Nokia
mobile is the independent variable, and the
decrease in the sales of siemens mobiles is
the dependent variable.
2)
The introduction of the new models of Nokia
mobile, is the dependent ariable, and the
decrease in the sales of siemens mobiles is
the independent variable.
3)
There are no independent or dependent
variables.
4)
None of the above.
Explanation:
Q242)
…….is a systematic inquiry that provides information to guide managerial decisions.
1)
Business research
2)
Research process
3)
Analytical study
4)
None of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45834
Explanation:
Q243)
Which of the following is correct?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 44592
1)
Profit reduces capital
2)
Capital can only come from profit
3)
Profit does not alter capital
4)
Profit increases capital
5)
In cross sectional research, data is collected
more than once
6)
In cross sectional research, data is collected
only once
7)
In longitudinal research, data is collected only
once
8)
In both cross sectional & longitudinal
research, data is collected only once
Explanation:
Q244)
The final stage in grounded theory data analysis is called ___________.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45714
1)
Axial coding
2)
Theoretical saturation
3)
Constant comparative method
4)
Selective coding
Explanation:
Q245)
The chapter that details the way in which the research was conducted is the
_________________________ chapter.
1)
Introduction
2)
Literature Review
3)
Research Methodology
4)
Data analysis and conclusion
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45998
Q246)
An easy reference about the sources of the data through which the research has
been compiled is provided by the
1)
Footnotes
2)
Executive summary
3)
Introduction
4)
Bibliography
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45630
Explanation:
Q247)
­­­­­­­­­­­­ are Questions the researcher, must answer to satisfactory arrive at a
conclusion about the research question.
1)
Investigate questions
2)
Research question
3)
Measurement question
4)
Fine­tuning the research question
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45676
Q248)
If we want to find out the effect of employee commitment on the profitability of the
company, which research is suited?
1)
Causal Research
2)
Descriptive Research
3)
Exploratory Research
4)
All of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45982
Explanation:
Q249)
_________________ method is independent and does not depend upon the sample
size,It can generate meaningful results with a small sample group.
1)
a) Quantitative
2)
b)Qualitative
3)
c) both
4)
d)none of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38822
Explanation:
Q250)
Which of these statements about data collection is correct
1)
a firm should approach data collection as an
ongoing activity
2)
a firm needs a computer to successfully
implement collection and retrieval of
information
3)
research projects should always include
sampling
4)
a firm should not spend on research
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45628
Q251)
Qualitative research is often exploratory and has all of the following characteristics
except:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45726
1)
it is typically used when a great deal is already
known about the topic of interest
2)
it relies on the collection of nonnumerical data
such as words and pictures
3)
it is used to generate hypotheses and develop
theory about phenomena in the world
4)
it uses the inductive scientific method
Explanation:
Q252)
which of the following types of causal research projects would a company that
publishes custom cookbooks used for fundraisers by churches, colleges, and civic
groups choose?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45649
1)
A study to determine the types of fundraising
most commonly use by church groups
2)
A survey of previous customers to see if they
are interested in a new edition
3)
A study determining if more people buy the
custom cookbook when the cover has a
picture relating to the group selling it, rather
4)
A study to determine the price range for an
average sized cookbook
than if it has just a generic cover.
Explanation:
Q253)
A ……….. is a part of target population
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45775
1)
Sample frame
2)
Sample Size
3)
Sampling design
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Q254)
Which of these should be most valuable to show a gradual change in behavior over
time?
1)
Extrapolations. _x000D_
2)
Longitudinal studies.
3)
Experimental studies.
4)
Snapshot surveys.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45899
Explanation:
Q255)
in depth interviews are exactly as the name suggests and use an interview schedule
rather than a formal questionnaire as the basic __________ collection instrument
1)
data
2)
number
3)
information
4)
none of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45640
Q256)
The conceptual framework for the research project:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45871
1)
Contains all of the key concepts of the
research project.
2)
Contains the theoretical framework for the
research project.
3)
Contains the aim and objectives of the
research.
4)
Contains a description of the context for the
research.
Explanation:
Q257)
___________ is used to achieve equivalence between the groups of participants.
1)
Random assignment
2)
Random selection
3)
Probability sampling
4)
Simple random sampling
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45944
Explanation:
Q258)
Measurement questions are the questions we actually ask to
1)
Researcher
2)
Client
3)
Respondent
4)
Manager
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45811
Explanation:
Q259)
Characteristics of the Scientific Method are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45822
1)
Non pragmatic
2)
Empirical
3)
Replicable
4)
Provisional
Explanation:
Q260)
When changes in one variable is responsible for changes in another variable then
that relationship is called ………………………………
1)
a) Reciprocal relationship
2)
b) Symmetrical relationship
3)
c) Asymmetrical relationship
4)
d) none of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38820
Q261)
Which of the following can best be described as a categorical variable?
1)
age
2)
annual income
3)
grade point average
4)
religion
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45738
Explanation:
Q262)
which is not an element of a good sample
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45647
1)
precision
2)
accuracy
3)
representation
4)
large sample
Explanation:
Q263)
A statement of the quantitative research question should:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45701
1)
Extend the statement of purpose by specifying
exactly the question(s) the researcher will
address
2)
Help the research in selecting appropriate
participants, research methods, measures, and
materials
3)
Specify the variables of interest
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q264)
1)
data collection that focuses on providing an accurate description of the variables in a
situation forms the basis of which type of study
exploratory study
2)
descriptive study
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45654
3)
causal study
Explanation:
Q265)
Which of the following is true regarding research design?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45742
1)
There are four categories of research design.
2)
There are three categories of research design.
3)
There are five categories of research design.
4)
There are eight categories of research design.
Explanation:
Q266)
Management Dilemma means
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45823
1)
What's the problem from the management
include the current issue they are facing ?
2)
What's the problem from the management
include the past issue they are facing?
3)
What's the problem from the management
include the future issue they will be facing?
4)
What's the problem from the management
include the suspense issue they are facing?
Explanation:
Q267)
1)
Sue Smith, president of the local APICS chapter, had difficulty getting members to
assist in running the organization. She felt it was because of lack of commitment to
APICS. Her vice­president believed it was due to having too many meetings. The
organization’s secretary thought it was because there were several other
professional organizations to which the members also belonged. If Sue wants to do
research to determine the real reason why members are not active in the
organization, she should begin by:
Determining the optimum number of meetings
2)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 46000
Evaluating the advantages APICS offers over
other similar organizations
3)
Defining the problem
4)
Developing the marketing research plan that
she would employ
Explanation:
Q268)
Which of the following is true regarding research objectives?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45741
1)
Research objectives, when achieved, will
provide sufficient earnings to obtain a
reasonable return on investment.
2)
Research objectives, when obtained, will
ensure the viability of the marketing research
department.
3)
Research objectives, when achieved, provide
the information necessary to solve the
problem.
4)
Research objectives are seldom achieved but
should be stated as goals to be sought.
Explanation:
Q269)
The purpose of the research proposal is
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45829
1)
To generate monetary sources for the
organization
2)
To present management question to be
researched and its importance
3)
To discuss the research efforts of others who
have worked on related management question.
4)
Formality
Explanation:
Q270)
Which of the following is not a longitudinal design?
1)
Panel
2)
Cross­sectional
3)
Trend
4)
Both a and c are longitudinal designs
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45754
Explanation:
Q271)
1)
3)
We test causal hypothesis by seeking to do three things. Those are the following
except:
Measure the co­variation among variables
Determine the time order relationships
among variables
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45597
2)
Ignoring the relationships of one variable
with the other
4)
Ensure that other factors do not confound
the exploratory relationships
Q272)
Management dilemma is a…………………………….
1)
Actual Problem
2)
Symptom In the form of problem or
opportunity
3)
Solution of Problem
4)
Root cause of problem
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45867
Explanation:
Q273)
“How can the company be more profitable? is which type of the following?
1)
Research question
2)
Management question
3)
Measurement question
4)
Investigative question
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45910
Q274)
Management ……… System.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45801
1)
Introduction
2)
Informative
3)
Information
4)
Interpretation
Explanation:
Q275)
…………………………of longitudinal study rely on repeated measurements of the
same variables._x000D_
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45918
1)
Continuous panel study
2)
Cross sectional study
3)
Projective technique
4)
none of the above
Explanation:
Q276)
reliability is mostly a matter of ______________, while validity is mostly about
_____________
1)
consistency, accuracy
2)
accuracy, consistency
3)
similarity, dissimilarity
4)
similarity, consistency
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45672
Q277)
a(n) ______________ is the group exposed to the manipulated independent variable.
1)
control group
2)
hypothetical group
3)
experimental group
4)
extraneous group
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45995
Explanation:
Q278)
Organizations that collect general information and sell it to clients are called
1)
data providers
2)
syndicated data services
3)
indicated data services
4)
dedicated data services
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45588
Q279)
Computer database searches can be done:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45698
1)
With a computer with CD­ROM drive
2)
At the library
3)
Online
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q280)
Text paragraphs, semi tabular form, tables and graphics are used in
____________________
1)
Introduction
2)
Presenting statistics
3)
Appendix
4)
Research methodology
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45673
Explanation:
Q281)
If the researcher is concerned with finding out who, what where, when, or how much,
then the study is __________.
1)
Exploratory
2)
Descriptive
3)
Empirica
4)
Causal
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45774
Explanation:
Q282)
The key elements of research proposal are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45879
1)
Problem statement
2)
problem investigation
3)
review of literature
4)
all of the above
Explanation:
Q283)
In the research process, the management question has the following critical activity
in sequence.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45853
1)
Origin, selection, statement, exploration and
refinement
2)
Origin, statement, selection, exploration and
refinement
3)
Origin, exploration, selection, refinement, and
statement
4)
Origin, exploration, refinement, selection and
statement
Explanation:
Q284)
The techniques are used to understand the inner feelings, emotions and
subconscious attitudes of the respondents to chosen stimuli is
1)
Projective techniques
2)
Case Study Method
3)
Survey Method
4)
Survey Method
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45931
Explanation:
Q285)
_______________occur between only two people, they offer a much more receptive
venue for discussing sensitive or potentially embarrassing topics
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38825
1)
a) Focus group
2)
b) Depth interview
3)
c) Projective technique
4)
d) none of the above
Explanation:
Q286)
students surveyed were asked the following questions: "which cereals have you
seen advertised within the last three months?" The survey used a(n):
1)
semantic differential
2)
thematic apperception test
3)
importance scale
4)
open ended question
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45646
Q287)
Which of the following are benefits of DSS
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45814
1)
Facilitate interpersonal communication
2)
Speed up process of decision making
3)
Improves personal efficiency
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q288)
“Number of cars in a parking lot”, “Number of students in a class” are examples of :
1)
Dichotomous variable.
2)
Discrete variable.
3)
Continuous variable.
4)
None of the above.
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45599
Q289)
You would expect the following question to be used in a ____________ interview: "if
you were a pickle, what kind of pickle would you be?
1)
Focus group
2)
Depth
3)
Prototyping
4)
Behavioral
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45650
Explanation:
Q290)
1)
Which of the following is true regarding causal research?
Causal research is the questions of who, what,
where, when, and how
2)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45744
Causal research is informal and unstructured.
3)
4)
Causal research isolates causes and effects
Causal research describes marketing
phenomena
Explanation:
Q291)
…………describes types of samples,sample frame,and determination of sample size
1)
Sampling design
2)
Research Design
3)
Research report
4)
Research proposal
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45833
Q292)
The process of manipulating one or more independent variables and measuring their
effect on one or more dependent variables while controlling for the extraneous
variables is called a(n) ______________.
1)
experiment
2)
test unit
3)
hypothesis
4)
theory
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45994
Explanation:
Q293)
Kellogg seeks to determine consumer believability towards it's products' health
claims. The most appropriate technique for this purpose is
1)
Observation
2)
Survey
3)
Experimentation
4)
Simulation
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45971
Q294)
Database maintained by organizations to support decision making
1)
DSS
2)
BIS
3)
MIS
4)
OIS
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45835
Explanation:
Q295)
1)
Conclusion from qualitative research are
Less certain than from quantitative research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45979
2)
Of little practical use
3)
Seldom defensible
4)
Of Descriptive value only
Explanation:
Q296)
When planning to do social research, it is better to:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45876
1)
Approach the topic with an open mind
2)
Do a pilot study before getting stuck into it
3)
Be familiar with the literature on the topic
4)
Forget about theory because this is a very
practical undertaking
Explanation:
Q297)
Which of the following best describes quantitative research?
1)
the collection of nonnumerical data
2)
an attempt to confirm the researcher’s
hypotheses
3)
research that is exploratory
4)
research that attempts to generate a new
theory
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45722
Explanation:
Q298)
The introduction of the new models of Nokia mobile will lead to a decrease in the
sales of Siemens mobiles”. In this statement :
1)
The introduction of the new models of Nokia
mobile, is the independent variable, and the
decrease in the sales of siemens mobiles is
the dependent variable.
2)
3)
There are no independent or dependent
variables.
4)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45600
The introduction of the new models of Nokia
mobile, is the dependent ariable, and the
decrease in the sales of siemens mobiles is
the independent variable.
None of the above.
Explanation:
Q299)
the key objective of any training activity is to ensure that the data collection
instrument will be administered by all interviewers in a uniform and ____________
manner
1)
fashionable
2)
smart
3)
consistent
4)
inconsistent
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45642
Q300)
___________ exists when two variables mutually influence or reinforce each other.
1)
Reciprocal relationship
2)
Symmetrical relationship
3)
Asymmetrical relationship
4)
Causal relationship
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45970
Explanation:
Q301)
A………….. is a designed to provide the manager with ongoing information about
events and trends in the technological,economic,political and
legal,demographic,cultural and social and competitive area
1)
Business Intelligence System
2)
Decision Support System
3)
Management Information system
4)
Business Information System
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45806
Q302)
A critical review of the information, pertaining to the research study, already
available in various sources is called
1)
Research review
2)
Research design
3)
Data review
4)
Literature review
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45633
Explanation:
Q303)
What Focus Groups Can Tell You
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45933
1)
Give information on how groups of people
think or feel about a particular topic
2)
Give greater insight into why certain opinions
are held
3)
Give poor insight into why certain opinions are
held
4)
Help improve the planning and design of new
programs
Explanation:
Q304)
Which of the following is true regarding primary information?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45745
1)
Primary information is information gathered on
school children in the primary grades first
through fifth
2)
Primary information refers to information that
is collected in the early, or primary, stages of
the marketing research process
3)
Primary information is information that has
already been collected for some other purpose
4)
Primary information is information collected
specifically for the problem at hand
Explanation:
Q305)
When we try to explain the relationships among variables, the study is called
1)
Exploratory study
2)
Longitudinal study
3)
Causal study
4)
Cross sectional study
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45802
Explanation:
Q306)
Which type of research provides the strongest evidence about the existence of
cause­and­effect relationships?
1)
nonexperimental Research
2)
experimental Research
3)
Descriptive Research
4)
Exploratory Research
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45727
Q307)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45781
i) Investigation question
ii) Measurement Question
iii) Research Question
iv) Management Question
Arrange above sequence of questions hierarchy wise
1)
I,ii,iii,iv
2)
iv,iii,I,ii
3)
ii,iii,iv,I
4)
iv,iii,ii,i
Explanation:
Q308)
In research, something that does not "vary" is called a ___________.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45739
1)
variable
2)
method
3)
constant
4)
control group
Explanation:
Q309)
……………describes types of samples,sample frame,and determination of sample
size
1)
Sampling design
2)
Research Design
3)
Research report
4)
Research proposal
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45776
Q310)
the quality of the data will be influenced by the relative efficiency of the questionnaire
as a recording schedule. _________________, incomplete coding and
misunderstanding of questions and answers all arise from poor lay out and a badly
formulated questionnaire
1)
coding
2)
coating
3)
mid coating
4)
miscoding
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45665
Explanation:
Q311)
A type II error is also known as ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45937
1)
False positive
2)
False Negative
3)
Double negative
4)
Positive negative
Explanation:
Q312)
Nonexperimental research in which the primary independent variable of interest is
categorical is sometimes called_____________.
1)
Causal­comparative research
2)
Correlational research
3)
Predictive Research
4)
Descriptive Research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45761
Explanation:
Q313)
1)
The ______________ is not exposed to the independent variable manipulation but
provides a point of comparison when examining the effects of these manipulations
on the dependent variable.
control group
2)
hypothetical group
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45996
3)
experimental group
4)
extraneous group
Explanation:
Q314)
What is the purpose of the conclusion in a research report?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45791
1)
It explains how concepts were operationally
defined and measured.
2)
It summarizes the key findings in relation to
the research questions.
3)
It contains a useful review of the relevant
literature.
4)
It outlines the methodological procedures that
were employed.
Explanation:
Q315)
Random assignment means that that decision to assign an individual to a particular
condition is completely ___________ and ___________ the researcher.
1)
systematic; controlled
2)
random; beyond the control of
3)
systematic; randomly controlled
4)
random; systematically in the control of
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45945
Explanation:
Q316)
Which of the following are purposes of doing business research..
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45807
1)
To identify and define opportunities and
problems
2)
To define, monitor and refine strategies and
tactics
3)
To improve understanding of various fields of
management
4)
All the above.
Explanation:
Q317)
The framework of research study is called
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38811
1)
Hypothesis
2)
Sampling
3)
Research design
4)
Non of the Above
Explanation:
Q318)
1)
The research participants are described in detail in which section of the research
plan?
Introduction
2)
Method
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45702
3)
Data analysis
4)
Discussion
Explanation:
Q319)
A type I error is also known as ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45938
1)
False positive
2)
False Negative
3)
Double negative
4)
Positive negative
Explanation:
Q320)
Which of the following is the right way of writing a bibliography
1)
Kotler, P (2000) “Marketing Management” :
Prentice Hall International
2)
Marketing Management (2000) “Kotler, P:
Prentice Hall International
3)
Philip Kotler (2000) “Marketing Management” :
Prentice Hall International
4)
Marketing Management by Philip Kotler :
Prentice Hall International (2000)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45678
Explanation:
Q321)
Characteristics of Scientific Method are ?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45821
1)
Factual
2)
Subjective
3)
Logical
4)
Objective
Explanation:
Q322)
A population is the total collection of elements about which we wish to make some
__________
1)
Census
2)
Inferences
3)
Demographic
4)
None of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45645
Explanation:
Q323)
1)
Which research paradigm is least concerned about generalizing its findings?
quantitative research
2)
qualitative research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45721
3)
mixed research
4)
none of the above
Explanation:
Q324)
As you begin your research project it is important to record your thoughts, ideas,
inspirations, contacts, references and resources:
1)
Using an electronic recording device
2)
In a research diary.
3)
For posterity.
4)
For your research supervisor.
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45872
Q325)
Which of these is not a characteristic of a good research?
1)
Purpose clearly defined
2)
Limitations frankly revealed
3)
Research design thoroughly planned
4)
Findings presented ambiguously.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45605
Explanation:
Q326)
When two variables mutually influence each other then that relationship is called
………….
1)
a) Reciprocal relationship
2)
b) Symmetrical relationship
3)
c) Asymmetrical relationship
4)
d) none of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38819
Q327)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45620
Personal interviewing takes two forms. They are:
1)
Arranged interview and intercept interview
2)
Depth interview and simple interview
3)
Online interview and offline interview
4)
Focus­group interview and individual
interview
Explanation:
Q328)
Identify the dissertation chapter which involves drawing together the main points
revealed in the research, summing them up and stating the implications of findings
1)
Introduction
2)
Literature review
3)
Research methodology
4)
Data analysis and findings
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45679
Explanation:
Q329)
The “tool” function of theory is to:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45690
1)
Summarize existing knowledge
2)
Summarize existing hypotheses
3)
Suggest new relationships and make new
predictions
4)
Suggest new theories
Explanation:
Q330)
in the data analysis stage of marketing research, forms are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45627
1)
coded and analyzed
2)
coded, tabulated and analyzed
3)
tabulated and analyzed
4)
analyzed
Explanation:
Q331)
When the results of a sample show a persistent tendency to deviate in one direction
from the true value of the population parameter, it is a case of
1)
Interviewer bias
2)
Respondent bias
3)
Sample bias
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45613
Q332)
If flexibility is the most important criterion for a research project, the preferred
contact method is:
Intercept interview
1)
Focus group
3)
2)
Telephone
4)
Personal interview
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45619
Explanation:
Q333)
…………………. is a computer­based information system that supports business or
organizational decision­making activities.
1)
Research
2)
Business Research
3)
Decision Support System
4)
Business Intelligence
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45857
Q334)
A base document for research purposes, providing the questions and structure for
an interview or self­completion and providing space for respondents answers is
more popularly known as a
1)
questionnaire
2)
scaling
3)
tests
4)
none of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45637
Explanation:
Q335)
1)
What are the qualities of a good hypothesis
adequate for the purpose
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45667
2)
testable
3)
better than its rivals
4)
all of the above
Explanation:
Q336)
Which of the following is not types of Qualitative Research
1)
Projective Technique
2)
in Depth interview
3)
On line querry
4)
Focus group
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45927
Q337)
Hypothesis test may also be called as
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45939
1)
Informal test
2)
Significance test
3)
Moderating test
4)
T test
Explanation:
Q338)
Which of the following types of causal research projects would a company that
publishes custom cookbooks used for fundraisers by churches, colleges, and civic
groups choose?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45948
1)
A study to determine the types of fundraising
most commonly use by church groups
2)
A survey of previous customers to see if they
are interested in a new edition
3)
A study determining if more people buy the
custom cookbook when the cover has a
picture relating to the group selling it, rather
than if it has just a generic cover.
4)
A study to determine the price range for an
average sized cookbook
Explanation:
Q339)
……….is a systematic inquiry that provides information to guide managerial
decisions.
1)
Business research
2)
Research process
3)
Analytical study
4)
None of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45794
Explanation:
Q340)
A formulation regarding the cause and effect relationships between two or more
variables, which may or may not have been tested.“ Which one of these does it
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45826
define
1)
Sampling.
2)
Secondary data.
3)
Observation
4)
Theory.
Explanation:
Q341)
A variable that varies along with the independent variable is called a _________
1)
miscellaneous variable
2)
secondary variable
3)
confounding variable
4)
psuedoindependent variable
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45942
Q342)
Which word fills all the blanks in this extract: _x000D_ We talk about generating
__________, testing_______, rejecting ________.
1)
objectives
2)
questions
3)
aims
4)
hypotheses
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45952
Explanation:
Q343)
Which of these is a precisely defined problem definition
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45657
1)
why are current sales so poor
2)
will additional advertising have a positive
impact on sales
3)
are we in compliance with current local pricing
legislation
4)
what per cent of adults recall an ad two days
after it appeared
Explanation:
Q344)
What is a good research? The following are correct except
1)
Purpose clearly defined
2)
Research process detailed
3)
Research design thoroughly planned
4)
Findings presented ambiguously
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45578
Q345)
The four frameworks approach to the research project is an approach whereby:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45870
1)
The researcher uses one of four frameworks to
help design the research project.
2)
Where the researcher carries out four research
projects.
3)
The first framework, the conceptual
framework, shapes, supports and directs the
other three frameworks.
4)
Four methodologies are used in the research
project.
Explanation:
Q346)
When the results of an experiment can confidently be attributed to the effect of the
independent variable, the experiment is said to have __________
1)
external validity
2)
control validity
3)
experiment validity
4)
internal validity
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45943
Explanation:
Q347)
Which of the following is not a criticism of qualitative research?
1)
The studies are difficult to replicate.
2)
There is a lack of transparency.
3)
The approach is too rigid and inflexible
4)
The accounts are too subjective and
impressionistic
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 46002
Q348)
When research is done to test hypotheses and theories about how and why
phenomena operate as they do, then the primary purpose of such research is:
1)
Descriptive
2)
Predictive
3)
Explanatory
4)
Hypothesis
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45752
Explanation:
Q349)
Lundberg (1942) stated _____________ consist of systematic observation,
classificatio, interpretation of data.
1)
Scientific Method
2)
Qualitative
3)
Quantitative
4)
Questionnaire
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45818
Q350)
We review the relevant literature to know …………..
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45778
1)
What is already known about topic
2)
What concepts and theories have been applied
to topic
3)
Who are key contributors to the topic
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q351)
___________ exists when two variables mutually influence or reinforce each other.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45608
1)
Reciprocal relationship
2)
Symmetrical relationship
3)
Asymmetrical relationship
4)
Causal relationship
Explanation:
Q352)
Research____________________will always appear in a research proposal.
1)
Objective
2)
Data Analysis
3)
Conclusion
4)
Bibliography
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45878
Q353)
………..is a electronic storehouse where vast arrays of collected, integrated data are
ready for mining.
1)
Data storehouse
2)
database
3)
data warehousing
4)
data mining
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45796
Explanation:
Q354)
the depth or in­depth interview is an unstructured __________ in which the
interviewee is encouraged to talk extensively
1)
interview
2)
interviewer
3)
man
4)
woman
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45663
Q355)
Which of the following is the right way of writing a bibliography
1)
Kotler, P (2000) “Marketing Management” :
Prentice Hall International
2)
Marketing Management (2000) “Kotler, P:
Prentice Hall International
3)
Philip Kotler (2000) “Marketing Management” :
Prentice Hall International
4)
Marketing Management by Philip Kotler :
Prentice Hall International (2000)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45895
Explanation:
Q356)
____________________ presents a problem, discusses related research efforts,
outlines the data needed for solving the data and shows the design used to gather
and analyze the data._x000D_
a.) Research Question_x000D_
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45903
b.) Research Proposal_x000D_
c.) Research Design_x000D_
d.) Research Methodology
1)
Research Question
2)
Research Proposal
3)
Research Design
4)
Research Methodology
Explanation:
Q357)
The purpose of __________________ research is to help in the process of developing
a clear and precise statement of the research problem rather than in providing a
definitive answer.
1)
Marketing
2)
Causal
3)
Exploratory
4)
Descriptive
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45587
Q358)
_______________ is a Scientific investigation in which an investigator manipulates
and controls one or more independent variables.
1)
a) Research
2)
b) Experiment
3)
c) Descriptive research
4)
d) Exploratory research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38829
Explanation:
Q359)
1)
Exploratory research design includes:
Secondary Data Analysis.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45601
2)
The who, what, when, where, and how of a
topic.
Reciprocal Relationship.
3)
4)
Asymmetrical Relationship.
Explanation:
Q360)
Unstructured or semi structured techniques used in research is
1)
In depth Interview
2)
Group discussion
3)
Observation
4)
all of above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45966
Q361)
The process of searching bibliographic databases includes the following EXCEPT
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45894
1)
Saving the valuable results of your research
2)
Selecting a database appropriate to your topic
3)
retrieve articles not available in the database
4)
assigning each element within sampling frame
Explanation:
Q362)
The primary data analysis approach in ethnography is:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45710
1)
Open, axial, and selective coding
2)
Holistic description and search for cultural
themes
3)
Cross­case analysis
4)
Identifying essences of a phenomenon
Explanation:
Q363)
Qualitative Research is used
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45924
1)
To gain the background knowledge
2)
To understand the problem
3)
to gain insight of the problem
4)
To get the desired results
Explanation:
Q364)
Theory is developed from data generated by a series of observations or interviews
principally involving an inductive approach
1)
Research.
2)
Experiment.
3)
Ethnography.
4)
Grounded Theory.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45828
Explanation:
Q365)
What should a market researcher do once he or she has defined the problem and
the research objectives?
1)
Collect the information
2)
Budget for information collection
3)
Develop the research plan
4)
Sample the population
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45631
Explanation:
Q366)
The step­by­step process by which the research project is conducted and completed
Marks : 1.0
is known as:
Id: 45868
1)
a)The research process.
2)
b)The process of describing research.
3)
c)The process of developing research ideas.
4)
d)The process of gathering data for a research
project.
Explanation:
Q367)
Eploratory investigation of management question adapts the following approaches
except
1)
Films, photographs, and videotape
2)
In­depth interviewing
3)
Document analysis
4)
Survey method
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45973
Q368)
Which approach is the strongest for establishing that a relationship is causal?
1)
Causal­comparative
2)
Correlational
3)
Experimental
4)
Historical
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45762
Explanation:
Q369)
The procedure by which we assign numbers to opinions, attitudes, and other
concepts is called ________________
1)
Scaling
2)
Measurement
3)
Sampling
4)
Data Collection
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45598
Q370)
A sample can be defined as a:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45875
1)
Population of interest to a researcher
2)
Quota from within the whole population
3)
Subset of a population representative of the
population of interest to the researcher
4)
Criterion used to define eligibility for the
research study
Explanation:
Q371)
Which of the following is not the component of Research Design
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45963
1)
Sampling Design
2)
Obversational design
3)
Statistical Design
4)
Product Design
Explanation:
Q372)
Which of the following sequence of activities is correct in research process?
a) Objectives Finalization b) Data Analysis c) Data Collection d) Conclusion
1)
acbd
2)
abcd
3)
bcda
4)
dcba
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45812
Q373)
The chapter that details the way in which the research was conducted is the
_________ chapter
1)
Introduction
2)
Literature review
3)
Research methodology
4)
Data analysis
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45900
Explanation:
Q374)
Which of the following is a method that is commonly used in qualitative research?
1)
Self­completion questionnaires
2)
Surveys
3)
Ethnography
4)
Structured observation
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45786
Q375)
Which is typically the most expensive step of marketing research process
1)
problem definition
2)
developing the research plan
3)
information collection
4)
information analysis
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45892
Explanation:
Q376)
1)
Research in which the researcher uses the qualitative paradigm for one phase and
the quantitative paradigm for another phase is known as ______.
action research
2)
basic research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45732
3)
quantitative research
4)
mixed method research
Explanation:
Q377)
A base document for research purposes, providing the questions and structure for
an interview or self­completion and providing space for respondents answers is
more popularly known as a
1)
questionnaire
2)
scaling
3)
tests
4)
none of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45972
Q378)
The quality of a research to produce almost identical results in successive repeated
trials reflects its:
1)
reliability
3)
accuracy
2)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45589
validity
Explanation:
Q379)
1)
3)
Which of these is a precisely­defined issue (problem) definition?
why are current sales so poor?
Are we in compliance with current local
pricing legislation
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45636
2)
Will additional advertising have a positive
impact on sales
4)
What per cent of adults recall an ad two
days after it appeared?
Q380)
…………………………..studies are carried out once and represent a snapshot of one
point in time.
1)
a) Longitudinal
2)
b) Cross sectional
3)
c) Experimental
4)
d) Exploratory
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38815
Explanation:
Q381)
This is an idea or image specifically invented for a given research and/or theory
building purpose
1)
Concept
2)
Construct
3)
Definition
4)
Variables
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45581
Explanation:
Q382)
When a researcher starts with the dependent variable and moves backwards, it is
called ________.
1)
Predictive research
2)
Retrospective research
3)
Exploratory research
4)
Descriptive research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45755
Explanation:
Q383)
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ Is the degree to which bias is absent from the sample.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45677
1)
Precision
2)
Accuracy
3)
Census
4)
Presentation
Explanation:
Q384)
The effective use of information requires a thorough understanding of the
___________ of information available and how the information is gathered
1)
Mode
2)
Plan
3)
Types
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45641
Q385)
Which of these should be most valuable to show a gradual change in behavior over
time ?
1)
Longitudinal studies
2)
Experimental studies
3)
Extrapolation
4)
Snapshot surveys.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45913
Explanation:
Q386)
The value set for is known as:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45770
1)
the rejection level
2)
the acceptance level
3)
the significance level
4)
the error in the hypothesis test
Explanation:
Q387)
The variable the researcher matches to eliminate it as an alternative explanation is
called a(n) _________ variable.
1)
Matching
2)
Independent
3)
Dependent
4)
Partial
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45753
Explanation:
Q388)
1)
The quality of a research to produce almost identical results in successive repeated
trials reflects it's
Reliability
2)
Validity
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45629
3)
Accuracy
Explanation:
Q389)
Personal interviewing of a certain percentage of individuals who pass by certain
points in a shopping center is also known as
1)
On­site interviewing
2)
Focus group interviewing
3)
In­home interviewing
4)
Intercept interviews
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45622
Q390)
Total survey error can be broadly divided into random sampling error and
1)
Non­random sampling error
2)
Schematic error
3)
Systematic error
4)
Administrative error
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45611
Explanation:
Q391)
Why is the statement “What are the effects of extracurricular activities on cognitive
development of school age children” not a good statement of a quantitative research
question?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45692
1)
Because there is no connection between
extracurricular activities and cognitive
development
2)
Because there are not enough school age
children engaged in extracurricular activities
to conduct the study
3)
Because the study would be too difficult to do
given all the different extracurricular activities
4)
Because the statement was not specific
enough to provide an understanding of the
variables being investigated
Explanation:
Q392)
1)
4)
A qualitative research question:
Asks a question about some process, or
phenomenon to be explored
None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45693
2)
Is generally an open­ended question
3)
both a and b are correct
Q393)
The chapter that details the way in which the research was conducted is the
_________________________ chapter
1)
Literature review
2)
Research methodology
3)
Data analysis
4)
Conclusion and recommendations
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45846
Explanation:
Q394)
1)
If the researcher is concerned with finding out who, what where, when, or how
much, then the study is __________.
Exploratory
2)
Descriptive
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45592
Empirical
3)
4)
Causal
Explanation:
Q395)
Identify Correct Sequence of the research Steps
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38831
1)
Selection of Topic,Review of Literature,Data
Collection,Interpretation of Findings
2)
Review of Literature,Selection of Topic,Data
collection,Interpretation of Findings
3)
Selection of Topic, Data Collection,Review of
Literature,Interpretation of Findings
4)
Selection of Topic,Review of
Literature,Interpretation of Data,Data
Collection
Explanation:
Q396)
Some major descriptors of research design are the following except:
1)
Descriptive and causal
2)
3)
Exploratory vs formalized
4)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45596
Cross sectional vs longitudinal
Observational vs
interrogation/communication
Explanation:
Q397)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45749
Which is the last step in the research process?
1)
collecting payment from the client
2)
follow up discussions with the client
3)
presenting the final research report
4)
notifying the employees that the project has
been terminated
Explanation:
Q398)
The contact method that minimizes interviewer bias is:
1)
Mail
2)
Telephone
3)
Intercept interview
4)
Focus group
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45616
Explanation:
Q399)
1)
A systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of natural phenomena
guided by theory and hypothesis is called _____________
Applied Research
2)
Basic Research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45590
Scientific Research
3)
4)
None Of The Above
Explanation:
Q400)
Business research can be conducted in
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45854
1)
Only in marketing organization
2)
Only in profit organization
3)
Only in non­profit organization
4)
In any type of organization
Explanation:
Q401)
3. What is a good research? The following are correct except
1)
Purpose clearly defined
2)
Research process detailed
3)
Research design thoroughly planned
4)
Findings presented ambiguously
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45830
Explanation:
Q402)
The manufacturer of Brother sewing machines wants to know the effect rebates have
on sales. It plans on dividing its retailers into three regions. One group will offer
consumers who buy a Brother sewing machine a $25 cash rebate. One will offer
buyers of the machine $50 worth of “free” machine accessory parts. A third region
will offer buyers a $40 store credit. The results of this market research will provide
Brother with _____________ data.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45614
1)
Observational
2)
Survey
3)
Secondary
4)
Experimental
Explanation:
Q403)
____________________ is the presupposition of the expected direction of the results
of research.
1)
Hypothesis
2)
Objective
3)
Scope
4)
Variables
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45819
Q404)
which is typically the most expensive step of marketing research process
1)
problem definition
2)
developing the research plan
3)
information collection
4)
information analysis
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45651
Explanation:
Q405)
What are the distinctive features of psychological individual explorations or in­depth
interviews
1)
Deeper Insight
2)
Better Research Refinement
3)
Better Rapport
4)
Bad Rapport
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45955
Q406)
Using this process researcher test their assumption or hypothesis.
1)
Sample design
2)
Research design
3)
Hypothesis testing
4)
Non of the Above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45997
Explanation:
Q407)
According to your text, which of the following is not a source of research ideas?
1)
Everyday life
2)
Practical issues
3)
Past research
4)
Theory
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45708
Explanation:
Q408)
Research is not…………….
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45906
1)
information gathering
2)
the transportation of facts
3)
None of the above
4)
Both a & b
Explanation:
Q409)
Which of the following is not the characteristics of good research design
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45965
1)
Objectivity
2)
Reliability
3)
Opportunity
4)
Minimum errors
Explanation:
Q410)
The following are the synonyms for dependent variable except
1)
Presumed effect
2)
Measured Outcome
3)
Response
4)
Predicted from…
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45583
Q411)
Research that is done to understand an event from the past is known as _____?
1)
experimental research
2)
historical research
3)
replication
4)
archival research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45733
Explanation:
Q412)
…………… a Scientific investigation in which an investigator manipulates and
controls one or more independent variables.
1)
Research
2)
Experiment
3)
Descriptive research
4)
Exploratory research
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45919
Q413)
Where are psychological individual explorations or in­depth interviews used
1)
Motive analysis
2)
Lifestyle research
3)
Cause and effect relationship
4)
Psychological market segmentation
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45974
Explanation:
Q414)
1)
. Secondary data can almost always be obtained more quickly and at a lower cost
than __________data.
Tertiary
2)
Collective
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45851
3)
Research
4)
Primary
Explanation:
Q415)
Research should be _________________
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45674
1)
accessible
2)
transparent
3)
transferable
4)
all of the above
Explanation:
Q416)
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the scientific method?
1)
Empirical
2)
Systematic
3)
Replication
4)
Subjective
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45860
Explanation:
Q417)
________ is a bundle of meanings or characteristics associated with certain events,
objects.
1)
Concept
2)
Construct
3)
Variables
4)
Moderating variables
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45606
Q418)
Research proposal must address
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45889
1)
What is your general topic?
2)
What questions do you want to answer?
3)
What questions you do not want to answer
4)
What is the key literature and its limitations?
Explanation:
Q419)
What sort of variable is manipulated by the researcher ?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45912
1)
Dependent
2)
Independent
3)
Co­ independent
4)
All variables are manipulated by the
researcher
Explanation:
Q420)
If the study is carried out once and represent a snapshot of one point in time, then
the study is ___________
1)
Time related study
2)
Longitudinal study
3)
Cross sectional study
4)
Case studies
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45803
Q421)
Which of the following is not one of the 4 major approaches to qualitative research.
1)
Ethnography
2)
Phenomenology
3)
Case study
4)
Grounded theory
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45719
Explanation:
Q422)
Types of exploratory research are
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45954
1)
Primary Data
2)
Pilot studies
3)
In­depth interviews
4)
Focus groups
Explanation:
Q423)
A formal statement of the research question or “purpose of research study”
generally ______.
1)
Is made prior to the literature review
2)
Is made after the literature review
3)
Will help guide the research process
4)
All of the above
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45700
Explanation:
Q424)
1)
Which of the following determines how representative a sample is of a population?
the size of the sample
2)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45746
the sampling company from which the sample
is acquired
3)
the sample plan
4)
the size of the sample relative to the size of the
population
Explanation:
Q425)
Investigation involving a sample of elements selected from the population of interest
that are measured at a single point in time is called
1)
a) Cross sectional study
2)
b) Continuous panel study
3)
c) Discontinuous panel study
4)
d) None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 38828
Q426)
Business research is:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45873
1)
About statistical analysis.
2)
Always complex and difficult to understand.
3)
About investigating some aspect of business.
4)
Not really relevant.
Explanation:
Q427)
____________________ presents a problem, discusses related research efforts,
outlines the data needed for solving the data and shows the design used to gather
and analyze the data.
1)
Research Question
2)
Research Proposal
3)
Research Design
4)
Research Methodology
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45885
Q428)
One step that is not included in planning a research study is
1)
Identifying a research problem
2)
A review of current research
3)
Deciding a Research Design
4)
data analysis of the research
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45865
Explanation:
Q429)
1)
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45585
A proposal is also known as a:
Work plan
2)
Prospectus
Outline
3)
4)
Draft plan
Explanation:
Q430)
Main function of Business Intelligence System is:­
1)
Take decisions
2)
Analyze the information
3)
Provide information to the decision maker
4)
Both a & b
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45907
Q431)
Investigation Questions means
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45824
1)
What's important for stakeholders to know
about to choose the best alternative from the
available course of actions.?
2)
What's important for society to know about to
choose the best alternative from the available
course of actions.?
3)
What's important for competitors to know
about to choose the best alternative from the
available course of actions.?
4)
What's important for manager to know about
to choose the best alternative from the
available course of actions.?
Explanation:
Q432)
Good Research design is
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45964
1)
Flexibile
2)
Appropriate
3)
Economical
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q433)
Which of these is not a exploratory research design.
1)
Secondary data analysis
2)
Experience survey
3)
Focus group
4)
Reporting
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45795
Explanation:
Q434)
1)
The purpose of research proposal is…….
prevents distraction from actual topic
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45832
2)
To convince others
3)
Focus and define research plans
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q435)
This type of research tests hypotheses and theories in order to explain how and why
a phenomenon operates as it does
1)
Descriptive research
2)
Predictive research
3)
Explanatory research
4)
None of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45767
Q436)
Which of the following orders is the recommended in the flowchart of the
development of a research problem?
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45864
1)
Broad area, Specific area, Specific topic,
Problem formulation
2)
Problem formulation, Specific topic, Specific
area, Broad area
3)
Specific topic, Broad area, Problem
formulation, Specific area
4)
Broad area, Specific topic, Problem
formulation, Specific area
Explanation:
Q437)
Which major characteristic of qualitative research refers to studying real world
situations as they unfold naturally?
1)
Holistic perspective
2)
Naturalistic inquiry
3)
Dynamic systems
4)
Inductive analysis
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45715
Q438)
In _________ , each sample has equal and known chance of selection.
1)
Simple random sampling
2)
Cluster sampling
3)
Stratified sampling
4)
Snowball sampling
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45609
Explanation:
Q439)
1)
The best contact method to use to quickly determine how many people saw the
commercial for the new Volkswagen Beetle that ran last night during the television
show Friends would be:
Mail
2)
Internet
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45618
Telephone
3)
4)
Focus group
Explanation:
Q440)
_x000D_ What is a good research? The following are correct except_x000D_
1)
Purpose clearly defined
2)
Research process detailed
3)
Research design thoroughly planned
4)
Findings presented ambiguously
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45999
Q441)
A condition or characteristic that can take on different values or categories is called
___.
1)
a constant
2)
a variable
3)
a cause­and­effect relationship
4)
a descriptive relationship
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45723
Explanation:
Q442)
Exploratory investigation of management question adapts the following approaches
except
1)
Films, photographs, and videotape
2)
In­depth interviewing
3)
Document analysis
4)
Survey method
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45681
Q443)
Out of the following which one is not the Scientific Enquiry:
1)
Management Question
2)
Investigation Question
3)
Quality Question
4)
Measurement Question
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45877
Explanation:
Q444)
A research plan _____.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45705
1)
Should be detailed
2)
Should be given to others for review and
comments
3)
Sets out the rationale for a research study
4)
All of the above
Explanation:
Q445)
. In _____, random assignment to groups is never possible and the researcher cannot
manipulate the independent variable.
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45729
1)
basic research
2)
quantitative research
3)
experimental research
4)
causal­comparative and correlational research
Explanation:
Q446)
Variables, other than the independent variables that influence the response of the
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45959
test units are called ______________.
1)
interdependent variables
2)
dependent variables
3)
extraneous variables
4)
concomitant variables
Explanation:
Q447)
A formal statement of the research question or “purpose of research study”
generally ______.
1)
Is made prior to the literature review
2)
. Is made after the literature review
3)
Will help guide the research process
4)
b and c
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45841
Q448)
Which data collection techniques cannot study attitudes?
1)
Observation
2)
Mail survey
3)
Semantic differential
4)
Multidimensional scaling
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45625
Explanation:
Q449)
reactions of customers to current products, customer preferences, and a record of
past purchases can most often be obtained from
1)
profit and loss statement
2)
inventory records
3)
salespeople call reports
4)
customer billings
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45626
Q450)
…………………..sometimes also called as interpretive research because it seeks to
develop understanding through detailed description.
1)
Qualitative research
2)
quantitative research
3)
descriptive research
4)
none of the above
Explanation:
Marks : 1.0
Id: 45962
1. Research is
(A) Searching again and again
(B) Finding solution to any problem
(C) Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem
(D) None of the above
2. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
(A) Searching sources of information to locate problem.
(B) Survey of related literature
(C) Identification of problem
(D) Searching for solutions to the problem
3. A common test in research demands much priority on
(A) Reliability
(B) Usability
(C) Objectivity
(D) All of the above
4. Action research means
(A) A longitudinal research
(B) An applied research
(C) A research initiated to solve an immediate problem
(D) A research with socioeconomic objective
5. A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal
statement is called
(A) Deductive Reasoning
(B) Inductive Reasoning
(C) Abnormal Reasoning
(D) Transcendental Reasoning
6. The essential qualities of a researcher are
(A) Spirit of free enquiry
(B) Reliance on observation and evidence
(C) Systematization or theorizing of knowledge
(D) All the above
7. In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis” is followed by
(A) Statement of Objectives
(B) Analysis of Data
(C) Selection of Research Tools
(D) Collection of Data
8. A research paper is a brief report of research work based on
(A) Primary Data only
(B) Secondary Data only
(C) Both Primary and Secondary Data
(D) None of the above
9. An appropriate source to find out descriptive information is................ .
(A) Bibliography
(B) Directory
(C) Encyclopedia
(D) Dictionary
10. “Controlled Group” is a term used in.............. .
(A) Survey research
(B) Historical research
(C) Experimental research
(D) Descriptive research
11. Testing hypothesis is a
(A) Inferential statistics
(B) Descriptive statistics
(C) Data preparation
(D) Data analysis
12. The method that consists of collection of data through observation and experimentation,
formulation and testing of hypothesis is called
(A) Empirical method
(B) Scientific method
(C) Scientific information
(D) Practical knowledge
(E)
13. Information acquired by experience or experimentation is called as
(A) Empirical
(B) Scientific
(C) Facts
(D) Scientific evidences
14. “All living things are made up of cells. Blue whale is a living being. Therefore blue whale is
made up of cells”. The reasoning used here is
(A) Inductive
(B) Deductive
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypothetic-Deductive
15. The reasoning that uses general principle to predict specific result is called
(A) Inductive
(B) Deductive
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypothetic-Deductive
16. All research process starts with
(A) Hypothesis
(B) Experiments to test hypothesis
(C) Observation
(D) All of these
17. The quality of a research study is primarily assessed on:
(A) The place of publication.
(B) The ways in which the recommendations are implemented
(C) The rigor with which it was conducted
(D) The number of times it is replicated.
18. Which of the following is not an appropriate source for academic research?
(A) An online encyclopedia
(B) A government-based research organization database
(C) A peer reviewed journal article
(D) A text book
19. 'Research methodology' refers to:
(A) The sampling technique
(B) The tools that the researcher use
(C) The chain of association between the research question and the research design
(D) Qualitative methods
20. A researcher should:
(A) Be constrained by the research of others
(B) Use even anonymous sources if they appear relevant
(C) Use only sources that appear credible
21. Research is
(A) A purposeful, systematic activity
(B) Primarily conducted for purely academic purposes
(C) Primarily conducted to answer questions about practical issues
(D) A random, unplanned process of discovery
22. When conducting a review of literature on a particular subject, the researcher should
(A) Read all available material on the subject
(B) Read the whole journal article and then decide whether or not it is useful
(C) Read strategically and critically
(D) Read fully only those texts that appear to agree with his/her point of view
23. The two main styles of research are
(A) Data collection and data coding
(B) Surveys and questionnaires
(C) Sampling and recording
(D) Qualitative and quantitative
24. Qualitative research is:
(A) Not as rigorous as quantitative research
(B) Primarily concerned with the collection and analysis of numerical data
(C) Primarily concerned with in-depth exploration of phenomena
(D) Primarily concerned with the quality of the research
25. Quantitative research involves
(A) Interviewing people to find out their deeply held views about issues
(B) Collecting data in numerical form
(C) More rigor than qualitative research
(D) Interviewing every member of the target population
26. What is the basis of the scientific method
(A) To test hypothesis in conditions that are conducive to its success
(B) To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis
(C) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions
that challenge the hypothesis
(D) To test hypothesis and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely
27. Of all the steps in the research process, the one that typically takes the most time is
(A) Data collection
(B) Formulating the problem
(C) Selecting a research method
(D) Developing a hypothesis
28. The concepts in a hypothesis are stated as
(A) Variables
(B) Theories
(C) Indices
(D) Ideas
29. In order for a variable to be measured, a researcher must provide a
(A) Operational definition
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Theory
(D) Scale
30. Which of the following was not identified as a major research design?
(A) secondary research
(B) Surveys
(C) Field Research
(D) ethnography
31. When a number of researchers use the same operational definition to measure a variable and
achieve the same results, the measure is said to be
(A) Instrumental
(B) Reliable
(C) Valid
(D) Factual
32. There are various types of research designed to obtain different types of information. What
type of research is used to define problems and suggest hypotheses?
(A) Descriptive Research
(B) Primary research
(C) Secondary research
(D) Causal research
33. What type of research would be appropriate in the following situation?
Nestlé wants to investigate the impact of children on their parents' decisions to buy
breakfast foods.
(A) Quantitative research.
(B) Qualitative research
(C) Secondary Research
(D) Mixed methodology
34. What type of research would be appropriate in the following situation?
A college or university bookshop wants to get some insights into how students feel about the
shop's merchandise, prices and service.
(A) Secondary data
(B) Qualitative research
(C) Focus groups
(D) Quantitative research
35. The Internet is a powerful mechanism for conducting research. However it does have its
drawbacks. Which of the following signify these drawbacks?
(A) The possible inclusion of individuals not being targeted, that could skew the results
(B) Lack of information about the population responding to the questionnaire.
(C) Eye contact and body language, (two useful research indicators) are excluded from the
analysis
(D) All of the above
36. _____________ research is the gathering of primary data by watching people.
(A) Experimental
(B) Causal
(C) Informative
(D) Observational
37. Which is the best type of research approach for gathering causal information?
(A) Observational
(B) Informative
(C) Experimental
(D) Survey
38. The outcome of what is being measured is termed:
(A) Independent Variable
(B) Dependent Variable
(C) Predictor variable
(D) Hypothetical Variable
39. Which of the following would occur in a longitudinal study:
(A) Measures are taken from different participants over an extended period of time
(B) Participation is expected to last for a minimum of 24 hours
(C) Measures are taken from same participants on different occasions usually over
extended period of time
(D) Measures are taken from participants in at least 6 different countries
w
40. Endeavors to explain, predict, and/or control phenomena are the goal of
(A) Scientific method
(B) Tradition
(C) Inductive logic
(D) Deductive logic
41. Ms. Casillas has been coordinating the Halloween Festival at her school for the last several
years. She wants to be sure the students and parents enjoy the festival again this year. On which
source is she LEAST likely to rely when making decisions about what to do?
(A) Tradition
(B) Research
(C) Personal experience
(D) Expert opinion
42. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowing because it is more
(A) Reliable
(B) Systematic
(C) Accurate
(D) All of these
43. Which of the following steps of the scientific method is exemplified by the researcher
reviewing the literature and focusing on a specific problem that has yet to be resolved?
(A) Describe the procedures to collect information
(B) Identify a topic.
(C) Analyze the collected information
(D) State the results of the data analysis
44. Which of the following is the LEAST legitimate research problem? The purpose of this study
is to
(A) understand what it means to be a part of a baseball team at a high school known for its
championship teams.
(B) study whether physical education should be taught in elementary parochial schools.
(C) examine the relationship between the number of hours spent studying and students test scores
(D) examine the effect of using advanced organizers on fifth grade students reading
comprehension
45. The research process is best described as a
(A) Method to select a frame of reference
(B) Set of rules that govern the selection of subjects
(C) Series of steps completed in a logical order
(D) Plan that directs the research design
46. A research proposal is best described as a
(A) Framework for data collection and analysis
(B) Argument for the merit of the study
(C) Description of how the researcher plans to maintain an ethical perspective during the study
(D) Description of the research process for a research project
47. The purpose of a literature review is to:
(A) Use the literature to identify present knowledge and what is unknown
(B) Assist in defining the problem and operational definition
(C) Identify strengths and weaknesses of previous studies
(D) All of the above
48. The statement 'To identify the relationship between the time the patient spends on the
operating table and the development of pressure ulcers' is best described as a research:
(A) Objective
(B) Aim
(C) Question
(D) Hypothesis
49. An operational definition specifies
(A) The data analysis techniques to be used in the study
(B) The levels of measurement to be used in the study
(C) How a variable or concept will be defined and measured in the study
(D) How the outcome of the research objectives for the study will be measured
50. A statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables is known as the:
(A) Concept definition
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Problem statement
(D) Research question
51. There is no difference in the incidence of phlebitis around intravenous cannulae changed
every 72 hours and those changed at 96 hours' is an example of a:
(A) Null hypothesis
(B) Directional hypothesis
(C) Non-directional hypothesis
(D) Simple hypothesis
52. Which of the following statements meets the criteria for a researchable question?
(A) Is the use of normal saline to cleanse wounds harmful to patients?
(B) Do generalist registered nurses meet the mental health needs of general patients?
(C) Do palliative care patients have spiritual needs?
(D) What are the patients perceptions of the effectiveness of pre-operative education for
total hip replacement?
53. The researcher needs to clearly identify the aim of the study; the question to be answered; the
population of interest; information to be collected, and feasibility in order to decide on the
research
(A) Design and method
(B) Design and assumptions
(C) Purpose and data analysis
(D) Purpose and assumptions
54. A variable that changes due to the action of another variable is known as the
(A) Independent variable
(B) Extraneous variable
(C) Complex variable
(D) Dependent Variable
55. When planning to do social research, it is better to
(A) Approach the topic with an open mind
(B) Do a pilot study before getting stuck into it
(C) Be familiar with the literature on the topic
(D) Forget about theory because this is a very practical undertaking
56. Which comes first, theory or research?
(A) Theory because otherwise you are working in the dark
(B) Research because that is only the way you can develop a theory
(C) It depends on your point of view
(D) The question is meaningless, because you cannot have one without the other
57. We review the relevant literature to know
(A) What is already known about the topic
(B) What concepts and theories have been applied to the topic
(C) Who are the key contributors to the topic
(D) All of the above
58. A deductive theory is one that:
(A) Allows theory to emerge out of the data
(B) Involves testing an explicitly defined hypothesis
(C) Allows for findings to feed back into the stock of knowledge
(D) Uses qualitative methods whenever possible
59. Which of the following is not a type of research question?
(A) Predicting an outcome
(B) Evaluating a phenomenon
(C) Developing good practice
(D) A hypothesis
60. Because of the number of things that can go wrong in research there is a need for:
(A) Flexibility and Perseverance
(B) Sympathetic supervisors
(C) An emergency source of finance
(D) Wisdom to know the right time to quit
61. __________ research seeks to investigate an area that has been under researched with
preliminary data that helps shape the direction for future research.
(A) Descriptive
(B) Exploratory
(C) Explanatory
(D) Positivist
62. Research questions in qualitative studies typically begin with which of the following words?
(A) Why
(B) How
(C) What
(D) All of the above
63. Qualitative researchers seek to analyze which of the following?
(A) Numerical data derived from the frequency of particular behaviors
(B) Statistical associations between variables
(C) The social meaning people attribute to their experiences and circumstances
(D) All of the above
64 . Which of the following is not a qualitative research methodology?
(A) Randomized control trial
(B) Ethnography
(C) Grounded Theory
(D) Phenomenology
65. Which of the following data collecting methods is not normally used in qualitative research?
(A) Participant observation
(B) Focus groups
(C) Questionnaire
(D) Semi-structured interview
66. The following journal article would be an example of --------- research.
“ The benefits of florescent lighting on production in a factory setting”
(A) Applied
(B) Basic
(C) Interview
(D) Stupid
67. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowing because it is more
(A) Reliable
(B) Systematic
(C) Accurate
(D) All of the above
68. Quantitative researcher’s preoccupation with generalization is an attempt to:
(A) Develop the law like findings of the natural sciences
(B) Boost their chances of publication
(C) Enhance the internal validity of the research
(D) Demonstrate the complex techniques of statistical analysis
69. What is the basis of the scientific method?
(A) To test hypotheses in conditions that are conducive to its success
(B) To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis
(C) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions
that challenge the hypothesis
(D) To test hypotheses and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely
70. A literature review requires
(A) Planning
(B) Clear writing
(C) Good writing
(D) All of the above
71. The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the
(A) Conceptual understanding
(B) Dictionary meaning
(C) Operational definition
(D) All of the above
72. Which of the following is the BEST hypothesis?
(A) Students taking formative quizzes will perform better on chapter exams than students not
taking these quizzes
(B) Taller students will have higher test scores than shorter students
(C) Students taught in a cooperative group setting should do better than students in a
traditional class
(D) Students using laptops will do well
73. Which of the following is the best hypothesis statement to address the research question?
“What impact will the new advertising campaign have on use of brand B”?
(A) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B image
(B) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B image trial
(C) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B usage at the expense of brand C
(D) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B’s market penetration
74. Qualitative and quantitative research are the classifications of research on the basis of
(A) Use of the research
(B) Time dimension
(C) Techniques used
(D) Purpose of the research
75. Rationalism is the application of
(A) Research Solution
(B) Logic and arguments
(C) Reasoning
(D) Previous findings
76. Why do you need to review the existing literature?
(A) To give your dissertation a proper academic appearance with lots of references
(B) Because without it, you could never reach the required word count
(C) To find out what is already known about your area of interest
(D) To help in your general studying
77. The application of the scientific method to the study of business problems is called
(A) Inductive reasoning
(B) Deductive reasoning
(C) Business research
(D) Grounded Theory
78. An operational definition
(A) One that bears no relation to the underlying concept
(B) An abstract, theoretical definition of a concept
(C) A definition of a concept in terms of specific, empirical measures
(D) One that refers to opera singers and their work
79. According to empiricism, which of the following is the ultimate source of all our concepts
and knowledge?
(A) Perceptions
(B) Theory
(C) Sensory experiences
(D) Logics and arguments
80. Which of the following is most beneficial to read in an article?
(A) Methods
(B) Introduction
(C) Figures
(D) References
81. Which of the following is not a function of clearly identified research questions?
(A) They guide your literature search
(B) They keep you focused throughout the data collection period
(C) They make the scope of your research as wide as possible
(D) They are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
82. Hypothesis refers to
A. The outcome of an experiment
B. A conclusion drawn from an experiment
C. A form of bias in which the subject tries to outguess the experimenter
D. A tentative statement about the relationship
83. Statistics is used by researchers to
A. Analyze the empirical data collected in a study
B. Make their findings sound better
C. Operationally define their variables
D. Ensure the study comes out the way it was intended
84. A literature review is based on the assumption that
A. Copy from the work of others
B. Knowledge accumulates and learns from the work of others
C. Knowledge disaccumulates
D. None of the above option
85. A theoretical framework
A. Elaborates the researchers among the variables
B. Explains the logic underlying these researchers
C. Describes the nature and direction of the researchers
D. All of the above
86. Which of the following statement is not true?
A. A research proposal is a document that presents a plan for a project
B. A research proposal shows that the researcher is capable of successfully conducting
the proposed research project
C. A research proposal is an unorganized and unplanned project
D. A research proposal is just like a research report and written before the research
Project
87. Preliminary data collection is a part of the
A. Descriptive research
B. Exploratory research
C. Applied research
D. Explanatory research
88. Conducting surveys is the most common method of generating
A. Primary data
B. Secondary data
C. Qualitative data
D. None of the above
89. After identifying the important variables and establishing the logical reasoning in
Theoretical framework, the next step in the research process is
A. To conduct surveys
B. To generate the hypothesis
C. To focus group discussions
D. To use experiments in an investigation
90. The appropriate analytical technique is determined by
A. The research design
B. Nature of the data collected
C. Nature of the hypothesis
D. Both A & B
91. Discrete variable is also called……….
A. Categorical variable
B. Discontinuous variable
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
92. “Officers in my organization have higher than average level of commitment” Such a
hypothesis is an example of……….
A. Descriptive Hypothesis
B. Directional Hypothesis
C. Relational Hypothesis
D. All of the above
93. ‘Science’ refers to……….
A. A system for producing knowledge
B. The knowledge produced by a system
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
94. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of scientific method?
A. Deterministic
B. Rationalism
C. Empirical
D. Abstraction
95. The theoretical framework discusses the interrelationships among the……….
A. Variables
B. Hypothesis
C. Concept
D. Theory
96. ………research is based on naturalism.
A. Field research
B. Descriptive research
C. Basic research
D. Applied research
97. Rationalism is the application of which of the following?
A. Logic and arguments
B. Research solution
C. Reasoning
D. Previous findings
98- On which of the following, scientific knowledge mostly relies?
A. Logical understanding
B. Identification of events
C. Prior knowledge
D. All of the given options
99- Which of the following refers to research supported by measurable
evidence?
A. Opinion
B. Empiricism
C. Speculation
D. Rationalism
100. Research method is applicable in all of the following fields, EXCEPT;
A. Health care
B. Religion
C. Business
D. Government offices
101. All of the following are true statements about action research, EXCEPT;
A. Data are systematically analyzed
B. Data are collected systematically
C. Results are generalizable
D. Results are used to improve practice
102.Which of the following is characteristic of action research?
A. Variables are tightly controlled
B. Results are generalizable
C. Data are usually qualitative
D. Results demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships
103. “Income distribution of employees” in a specific organization is an example of which of
following type of variable?
A. Discontinuous variable
B. Continuous variable
C. Dependent variable
D. Independent variable
104.“There is no relationship between higher motivation level and higher efficiency” is an
example of which type of hypothesis?
A. Alternative
B. Null
C. Co relational
D. Research
105. Which of the following is not a role of hypothesis?
A. Guides the direction of the study
B. Determine feasibility of conducting the study
C. Identifies relevant and irrelevant facts
D. Provides framework for organizing the conclusions
106. Which of the following is not the source for getting information for exploratory
research?
A. Content analysis
B. Survey
C. Case study
D. Pilot study
107. Which of the following is the main quality of a good theory?
A. A theory that has survived attempts at falsification
B. A theory that is proven to be right
C. A theory that has been disproved
D. A theory that has been falsified
108. A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is known as:
A. Discontinuous variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Independent variable
D. Intervening variable
109. Internal validity refers to.
a. Researcher’s degree of confidence.
b. Generalisability
c. Operationalization
d. All of the above
110. In ___________, the researcher attempts to control and/ or manipulate the variables in
the study.
a. Experiment
b. Hypothesis
c. Theoretical framework
d. Research design
111. In an experimental research study, the primary goal is to isolate and identify the effect
produced by the ____.
a. Dependent variable
b. Extraneous variable
c. Independent variable
d. Confounding variable
112. A measure is reliable if it provides consistent ___________.
a. Hypothesis
b. Results
c. Procedure
d. Sensitivity
113. ______ is the evidence that the instrument, techniques, or process used to measure
concept does indeed measure the intended concepts.
a. Reliability
b. Replicability
c. Scaling
d. Validity
114. Experimental design is the only appropriate design where_________ relationship can
be established.
a. Strong
b. Linear
c. Weak
d. Cause and Effect
115. In which one of the following stage researcher consult the literature?
a. Operation test
b. Response analysis survey
c. Document design analysis
d. Pretest interviews
116. Two variables may be said to be causally related if
a.they show a strong positive correlation.
b.all extraneous variables are controlled, and the independent variable creates consistent
differences in behavior of the experimental group.
c.they are observed to co-vary on many separate occasions.
d.they have been observed in a laboratory setting.
117. Theories explain results, predict future outcomes, and
a.rely only on naturalistic observations.
b.guide research for future studies.
c.rely only on surveys.
d.rely only on case studies.
118. Characteristics of the scientific method include
a. anecdotal definition.
b. controlled observation.
c. analysis formulation.
d. adherence to inductive thinking or common sense reasoning.
119. A scientific explanation that remains tentative until it has been adequately tested is called
a(n)
a.theory.
b.law.
c.hypothesis.
d.experiment.
120. The phrase "a theory must also be falsifiable" means
a.researchers misrepresent their data.
b.a theory must be defined so it can be disconfirmed.
c.theories are a rich array of observations regarding behavior but with few facts to support them.
d.nothing.
121. The products of naturalistic observation are best described in terms of
a.explanation.
b.theory.
c.prediction.
d.description.
122. A psychologist watches the rapid eye movements of sleeping subjects and wakes them to
find they report that they were dreaming. She concludes that dreams are linked to rapid eye
movements. This conclusion is based on
a.pure speculation.
b.direct observation.
c.deduction from direct observation.
d.prior prediction.
123. We wish to test the hypothesis that music improves learning. We compare test scores of
students who study to music with those who study in silence. Which of the following is an
extraneous variable in this experiment?
a.the presence or absence of music
b.the students' test scores
c.the amount of time allowed for the studying
d.silence
124. An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning. Two groups
study the same material, one while listening to music and another without music. The
independent variable is
a.learning.
b.the size of the group.
c.the material studied.
d.music.
125. The most powerful research tool is a (an)
a.clinical study.
b.experiment.
c.survey.
d.correlational study.
126. A major disadvantage of the experimental method is that
a.private funding can never be obtained.
b.APA Ethical Review Committees often do not approve of the research techniques.
c.there is a certain amount of artificiality attached to it.
d.subjects are difficult to find for research projects.
127. In the traditional learning experiment, the effect of practice on performance is investigated.
Performance is the __________ variable.
a.independent
b.extraneous
c.dependent
d.control
128. Collection of observable evidence, precise definition, and replication of results all form the
basis for
a.scientific observation.
b.the scientific method.
c.defining a scientific problem.
d.hypothesis generation.
129. Which of the following is not characteristic of qualitative data?
a. Rich descriptions
b. Concise
c. Voluminous
d. Unorganized
130. An interview conducted by a trained moderator among a small group of respondents in an
unstructured and natural manner is a ----------
a. Depth Interview
b. Case Study
c. Focus Group
d. None of the above
131. Which of the following is not a longitudinal study?
a. Cohort Study
b. Trend Study
c. Panel Study
d. Census Study
132. A measure is reliable if it provides consistent -------a. Hypothesis
b. Results
c. Procedure
d. Sensitivity
133. Following are the characteristics of the research except:
a. Systematic
b. Data Based
c. Subjective Approach
d. Scientific Inquiry
134. Which of the following similarity is found in qualitative research and survey research?
a. Examine topics primarily from the participant’s perspectives
b. They are guided by predetermined variables to study
c. They are descriptive research methods
d. Have large sample sizes
135. As a researcher you need not to:
a. Master the literature
b. Take numerous detailed notes
c. Create a bibliography list
d. Learn your findings
136. The final step in the research process is to:
a. Conduct a statistical analysis of data
b. Report the research results
c. Dismantle the apparatus
d. Clean the laboratory
137. The two functions of a research design are
(A) theory testing and model building.
(B) exploratory data collection and hypothesis testing
(C) hypothesis testing and theory testing
(D) exploratory data collection and model building
138. __________ involves evaluating potential explanations for observed behavior
(A) Exploratory data collection
(B) Data analysis
(C) Theory testing
(D) Hypothesis testing
139. In a __________ relationship, changes in one variable produce changes in another..
(A) causal
(B) correlational
(C) confounded
(D) unidirectional
140. The two defining characteristics of experimental research are:
(A) measuring predictor and criterion variables.
(B) random assignment of participants and measuring dependent variables
(C) manipulation of independent variables and control over extraneous variables
(D) random assignment of participants and control over extraneous variables
141. In an experiment on the effects of noise on problem solving, you have some participants
solve a problem while being exposed to noise, whereas other participants do the same problems
while not being exposed to noise. In this example, exposing or not exposing participants to the
noise constitutes a(n).
(A) independent variable
(B) dependent variable
(C) extraneous variable
(D) correlational variable.
142. In an experiment on visual perception, you make sure that your laboratory is the same
temperature and has the same level of lighting throughout the experiment. This is an example of:.
(A) holding extraneous variables constant.
(B) manipulating an independent variable
(C) randomly assigning participants to conditions
(D) ignoring extraneous variables
143 According to your text, extraneous variables can be dealt with in an experiment by.
(A) holding their values constant across conditions
(B) random assignment of subjects to condition
(C) increasing the power of your independent variables
(D) All of the above
(E) Both a and b
144. which of the following is the greatest strength of the experimental approach?
(A) the ability to study relationships under naturally occurring conditions
(B) the ability to identify and describe causal relationships
(C) the ability to generalize results beyond the original research situation
(D) All of the above
145. A disadvantage of the experimental approach is that
(A) you cannot adequately control extraneous variables.
(B) causal relationships among variables cannot be established
(C) your results may have limited generality
(D) All of the above
146. If your experimental design measures what it is intended to measure, we say that the design
has a high level of:
(A) reliability.
(B) internal validity.
(C) ecological validity.
(D) external validity
147. Alternative explanations for the findings of a study that may become viable because of
flaws in the design are termed:
(A) rival hypotheses
(B) experimental hypotheses
(C) theoretical possibilities
(D) goofs
148. Which of the following was listed in your text as a factor affecting external validity?
(A) history
(B) reactive testing
(C) statistical regression
(D) All of the above
149. you would be most concerned with external validity if you were conducting
(A) applied research
(B) basic research
(C) a demonstration
(D) None of the above
150. Power of the test of significance means probability of what?
(a) Incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis
(b) Correct rejection of the null hypothesis
(c) Incorrect acceptance of the null hypothesis
(d) Correct acceptance of the null hypothesis.
151. In evaluating the significance of the research problem, an important social consideration is
(a) The genuine interest of the researcher in the problem.
(b) Practical value of the findings to educationists, parents and social workers, etc.
(c) Necessary skills, abilities and background of knowledge of the researcher.
(d) Possibility of obtaining reliable and valid data by the researchers.
152. Thinking analogously about hypothesis, a researcher should
(a) First bet and then roll the dice.
(b) First roll the dice and then bet.
(c) Change his bet after the data are in.
(d) Have no bets, but dice only.
153. Why is research in education important for teachers?
(a) It adds to their academic qualifications.
(b) It makes them wiser
(c) It makes them better teachers
(d) It enables them to make best possible judgments about what should be taught and how.
154. Action research is ordinarily concerned with problems
(a) Of general nature.
(b) Constituting universal truths.
(c) Are of immediate concern and call for immediate solutions.
(d) Have long-range implications.
155. Which of the following is not a correct statement?
(a) A test can be reliable without being valid
(b) A test cannot be valid without being reliable
(c) A test can be reliable and valid both
(d) A test can be valid without being reliable.
156. Projective technique is used for measuring
(a) Individual’s need for self-actualization.
(b) Individual’s inventoried interests.
(c) Individual’s dominant feelings, emotions, conflicts, needs which are, generally,
repressed by the individual and are stored up in the unconscious mind.
(d) Individual’s value-system.
157.. Which of the following is not a projective technique?
(a) Rorschach
(b) T.A.T.
(c) Sentence-Completion Test
(d) Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI).
158. Which of the following is not measured by the T.A. T. test?
(a) Personality needs
(b) Emotions
(c) Personality adjustment.
(d) Reasoning ability.
159. Which is a projective test?
(a) Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)
(b) Allport Vemon-Lindzey Study of Values.
(c) Rorschach Test
(d) Minnesotta Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).
160. What is a research describing developmental changes in personality characteristics by
studying the same group at different age- levels?
(a) Developmental study
(b) Trend study
(c) Longitudinal growth study
(d) Cross-sectional growth study.
161. What is studying different groups of children of different ages simultaneously and
describing their developmental characteristics?
(a) Longitudinal growth study
(b) Trend study
(c) Time series study
(d) Cross-sectional growth study.
162. When is type-I error increased?
(a) When alpha-level decreases
(b) When alpha-level increases
(c) When the sample size increases
(d) When the sample size decreases.
163. What is the modern method of acquiring knowledge?
(a) Authority
(b) Personal experience
(c) Scientific method
(d) Expert opinion
164. What is NOT the goal of scientific method of acquiring knowledge?
(a) Explanation
(b) Fact-finding
(c) Control
(d) Prediction.
165. Theory, as an aspect of research, does not
(a) Serve as a tool for providing a guiding framework for observation and discovery.
(b) Describe the facts and relationships that exist.
(c) Serve as a goal providing explanation for specific phenomena with maximal probability and
exactitude.
(d) Discard facts, specific and concrete observations.
166. “Theory” helps the researcher in
(a) Understanding the research procedure.
(b) Identifying the facts needed to be considered in the context of the research problem.
(c) Understanding the technical terms used in research.
(d) Determining how to make or record observations.
167. Exploratory investigation of management question adapts the following approaches except
a. Films, photographs, and videotape
b. In-depth interviewing
c. Document analysis
d. Street ethnography
e. Survey method
168. ------------ are Questions the researcher, must answer to satisfactory arrive at a conclusion
about the research question.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Investigate questions
Research question
Measurement question
Fine-tuning the research question
169. research should be _________________
a)
accessible
b)
transparent
c)
transferable
d)
all of the above
170. A ___________________ is conducted to detect weaknesses in research instrument’s
design
a)
Pilot study
b)
Questionnaire
c)
Interview
d)
Sampling
171. What are the two types of arguments
a)
deduction and induction
b)
exploratory and deductive
c)
dejection and injection
d)
none of the above
172. What are the qualities of a good hypothesis
a)
adequate for the purpose
b)
testable
c)
better than its rivals
d)
all of the above
173. Data collection that focuses on providing an accurate description of the variables in a
situation forms the basis of which type of study
a)
exploratory study
b)
descriptive study
c)
causal study
d) All of the above
174. A condition that exists when an instruments measures what it is supposed to measure is
called
a)
validity
b)
accuracy
c)
reliability
d)
none of the above
175. The major disadvantage with in depth interviews is that because of their time consuming
nature it is usually only possible to carry out a relatively small number of such interviews and
as such the results are likely to be highly ____________
a)
subjective
b)
objective
c)
d)
questionable
objectionable
176. A critical review of the information, pertaining to the research study, already available in
various sources is called
a)
b)
c)
d)
Research review
Research design
Data review
Literature review
177. ____________________ presents a problem, discusses related research efforts, outlines the
data needed for solving the data and shows the design used to gather and analyze the data.
a.) Research Question
b.) Research Proposal
c.) Research Design
d.) Research Methodology
178. The purpose of __________________ research is to help in the process of developing a
clear and precise statement of the research problem rather than in providing a definitive answer.
a.) Marketing
b.) Causal
c.) Exploratory
d.) Descriptive
179. A systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of natural phenomena guided
by theory and hypothesis is called _____________
a.) Applied Research
b.) Basic Research
c.) Scientific Research
d.) None Of The Above
180. __________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research and as
such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures..
a.) Strategy
b.) Research Design
c.) Hypothesis
d.) Deductive
181. A proposal is also known as a:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Work plan
Prospectus
Outline
Draft plan
e)
All of the above
182. Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections. They are:
a)
Research question and research methodology
b)
Research proposal and bibliography
c)
Research method and schedule
d)
Research question and bibliography
183. The following are the synonyms for independent variable except
a)
b)
c)
d)
Stimulus
Manipulated
Consequence
Presumed Cause
184. The following are the synonyms for dependent variable except
a)
Presumed effect
b)
Measured Outcome
c)
Response
d)
Predicted from…
185. Which of the following is not a characteristic of research?
a. It requires the collection of new data
b. It is reiterative
c. It requires reasoned arguments to develop conclusions
d. It aims to increase understanding
186. How many stages are there to the research process?
a.5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 8
187. What would NOT be a consideration during the research design stage?
a. The availability of literature
b. The availability of participants
c. The type of methods that would be used
d. The type of analysis that would take place
188. Your conceptual framework is normally developed?
a. Before your literature review
b. During your literature review
c. After data collection
d. After data analysis
190. When assessing a research question, which is not an element of ‘CAFÉ’?
a. Control
b. Access
c.Facilities and resources
d. Expertise
191. What should not be included in a research proposal?
a. A summary of existing work in the area
b. The proposed methods to collect data
c. The results that will be obtained
d. An acknowledgement of any ethical issues
192. Reliability in quantitative research refers to
a. The consistency of any measure
b. The suitability of any measure
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A or B
193. Reliability in qualitative research refers to
a. The consistency of any measure
b. The consistency of the methods used to collect data
c. The suitability of the measure used
d. All of these
194. An experimental research design normally involves
a. Manipulating the independent variable
b. Manipulating the dependent variable
c. A number of repeated measures
d. Data collected over an extended time period
195. Which of the following are not normally a requirement for experimental research design?
a. Demonstrating co variation
b. Demonstrating time order
c. Demonstrating repeated measures
d. Demonstrating non spuriousness
http://onlinelectures.tripod.com/businessresearchmcqs.htm
1. In the research process, the management question has the following critical activity
in sequence.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Origin, selection, statement, exploration and refinement
Origin, statement, selection, exploration and refinement
Origin, exploration, selection, refinement, and statement
Origin, exploration, refinement, selection and statement
2. The chapter that details the way in which the research was conducted is the
_________________________ chapter
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Introduction
Literature review
Research methodology
Data analysis
Conclusion and recommendations
3 Business research has an inherent value to the extent that it helps management
make better decisions. Interesting information about consumers, employees, or
competitors might be pleasant to have, but its value is limited if the information
cannot be applied to a critical decision.
a) True
b) False
4. The researcher should never report flaws in procedural design and estimate their
effect on the findings.
a) True
b) False
5. Adequate analysis of the data is the least difficult phase of research for the novice.
a) True
b) False
6. The validity and reliability of the data should be checked occasionally
a) True
b) False
7. Researchers are tempted to rely too heavily on data collected in a prior study and
use it in the interpretation of a new study
a) True
b) False
8. What is a good research? The following are correct except
a)
b)
c)
d)
Purpose clearly defined
Research process detailed
Research design thoroughly planned
Findings presented ambiguously
9. Greater confidence in the research is warranted if the researcher is experienced,
has a good reputation in research, and is a person of integrity
a) True
b) False
10. A complete disclosure of methods and procedures used in the research study is
required. Such openness to scrutiny has a positive effect on the quality of research.
However, competitive advantage often mitigates against methodology disclosure
in business research.
a) True
b) False
11. Research is any organized inquiry carried out to provide information for solving
problems.
a) True
b) False
12. In deduction, the conclusion must necessarily follow from the reasons given. In
inductive argument there is no such strength of relationship between reasons and
conclusions.
a) True
b) False
13. “Conclusions must necessarily follow from the premises.” Identify the type of
arguments that follows the above condition.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Induction
Combination of Induction and Deduction
Deduction
Variables
14. Eminent scientists who claim there is no such thing as the scientific method, or if
exists, it is not reveled by what they write, caution researchers about using template
like approaches
a) True
b) False
15. One of the terms given below is defined as “a bundle of meanings or
characteristics associated with certain events, objects, conditions, situations, and
the like
a)
b)
c)
d)
Construct
Definition
Concept
Variable
16. This is an idea or image specifically invented for a given research and/or theory
building purpose
a)
b)
c)
d)
Concept
Construct
Definition
Variables
17. The following are the synonyms for independent variable except
a)
b)
c)
d)
Stimulus
Manipulated
Consequence
Presumed Cause
18 The following are the synonyms for dependent variable except
a)
b)
c)
d)
Presumed effect
Measured Outcome
Response
Predicted from…
19. In the research process, a management dilemma triggers the need for a decision.
a) True
b) False
20. Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections.
They are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Research question and research methodology
Research proposal and bibliography
Research method and schedule
Research question and bibliography
21. The purpose of the research proposal is:
a) To generate monetary sources for the organization
b) To present management question to be researched and its importance
c) To discuss the research efforts of others who have worked on related
management question.
d) Choice a) is incorrect
22. A proposal is also known as a:
a) Work plan
b)
c)
d)
e)
Prospectus
Outline
Draft plan
All of the above
23. Non response error occurs when you cannot locate the person or could not
encourage the respondent to participate in answering.
a.) True
b.) False
24. Secondary data can almost always be obtained more quickly and at a lower cost
than __________data.
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Tertiary
Collective
Research
Primary
25. The purpose of __________________ research is to help in the process of
developing a clear and precise statement of the research problem rather than in
providing a definitive answer.
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
26.
27.
Marketing
Causal
Exploratory
Descriptive
organizations that collect general information and sell it to clients are called
a) data providers
b) syndicated data services
c) indicated data services
d) dedicated data services
the quality of a research to produce almost identical results in successive
repeated trials reflects its:
a) reliability
b) validity
c) accuracy
28. A systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of natural
phenomena guided by theory and hypothesis is called _____________
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Applied Research
Basic Research
Scientific Research
None Of The Above
29. __________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research
and as such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures..
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Strategy
Research Design
Hypothesis
Deductive
30. If the researcher is concerned with finding out who, what where, when, or how
much, then the study is __________.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Exploratory
Descriptive
Empirical
Causal
Casual
31. If the study is carried out once and represent a snapshot of one point in time, then
the study is ___________
a)
b)
c)
d)
Time related study
Longitudinal study
Cross sectional study
Case studies
32. If the study is repeated over an extended period, then the study is called as
___________
a)
b)
c)
d)
Cross sectional study
Descriptive study
Time series analysis/study
Longitudinal study
33. When we try to explain the relationships among variables, the study is called
a)
b)
c)
d)
Exploratory study
Longitudinal study
Causal study
Cross sectional study
34. Some major descriptors of research design are the following except:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Descriptive and causal
Cross sectional vs longitudinal
Exploratory vs formalized
Observational vs interrogation/communication
Honorary vs beneficial
35. A research design is the strategy for a study and the plan by which the strategy is
to be carried out
a) True
b) False
36. We test causal hypothesis by seeking to do three things. Those are the following
except:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Measure the co-variation among variables
Ignoring the relationships of one variable with the other
Determine the time order relationships among variables
Ensure that other factors do not confound the exploratory relationships
37 The procedure by which we assign numbers to opinions, attitudes, and other
concepts is called ________________
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Scaling
Measurement
Sampling
Data Collection
38. ____________________ presents a problem, discusses related research efforts,
outlines the data needed for solving the data and shows the design used to gather
and analyze the data.
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Research Question
Research Proposal
Research Design
Research Methodology
39. “Number of cars in a parking lot”, “Number of students in a class” are examples
of :
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Dichotomous variable.
Discrete variable.
Continuous variable.
None of the above.
40. The introduction of the new models of Nokia mobile will lead to a decrease in the
sales of Siemens mobiles”. In this statement :
a.) The introduction of the new models of Nokia mobile, is the independent
variable, and the decrease in the sales of siemens mobiles is the dependent
variable.
b.) The introduction of the new models of Nokia mobile, is the dependent
ariable, and the decrease in the sales of siemens mobiles is the independent
variable.
c.) There are no independent or dependent variables.
d.) None of the above.
41. Exploratory research design includes:
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Secondary Data Analysis.
The who, what, when, where, and how of a topic.
Reciprocal Relationship.
Asymmetrical Relationship.
42. In Systematic sampling:
a.) The population is divided into groups, and some groups are randomly
selected for study.
b.) Every nth item is chosen in the sample, beginning with a random start
for the choice of n
c.) The population is divided into subpopulations.
d.) None of the above
43. A set of systematically interrelated concepts, definitions and propositions that are
advanced to explain and predict phenomena is called
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
Research
Model
Theory
None of the above
44. The process by which the sample is constructed to include all elements from each
of the segments is called:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Systematic sampling
Cluster sampling
Double sampling
Stratified random sampling
45. Which of these is not a characteristic of a good research?
a) Purpose clearly defined
b) Limitations frankly revealed
c) Research design thoroughly planned
d) Findings presented ambiguously.
46. ________ is a bundle of meanings or characteristics associated with certain
events, objects.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Concept
Construct
Variables
Moderating variables
47. Which of these is not a exploratory research design.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Secondary data analysis
Experience survey
Focus group
Reporting
48. ___________ exists when two variables mutually influence or reinforce each
other.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Reciprocal relationship
Symmetrical relationship
Asymmetrical relationship
Causal relationship
49. In _________ , each sample has equal and known chance of selection.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Simple random sampling
Cluster sampling
Stratified sampling
Snowball sampling
50. Data that is created, recorded or generated by an entity other than the researcher's
organisation is collectively called
a) Primary data
b) Secondary data
c) Internal data
d) External data
51. Total survey error can be broadly divided into random sampling error and
a)
b)
c)
d)
Non-random sampling error
Schematic error
Systematic error
Administrative error
52. A statistical fluctuation that occurs because of change variation in the elements
selected for the sample is called
a)
b)
c)
d)
Random sampling error
Systematic error
Administrative error
Error of judgment
53. When the results of a sample show a persistent tendency to deviate in one
direction from the true value of the population parameter, it is a case of
a)
b)
c)
d)
Interviewer bias
Respondent bias
Sample bias
None of the above
54. A bias that occurs when respondents tend to answer questions with a certain slant
that consciously or uncounsciously misrepresents the truth is called
a)
b)
c)
d)
Respondent bias
Non response bias
Response bias
Non response bias
55. The category of response bias that results because some individuals tend to agree
with all questions or to concur with a particular position is called
a)
b)
c)
d)
Auspices bias
Social desirability bias
Extremity bias
Acquiescence bias
56. Sue Smith, president of the local APICS chapter, had difficulty getting members
to assist in running the organization. She felt it was because of lack of
commitment to APICS. Her vice-president believed it was due to having too many
meetings. The organization’s secretary thought it was because there were several
other professional organizations to which the members also belonged. If Sue
wants to do research to determine the real reason why members are not active in
the organization, she should begin by:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Determining the optimum number of meetings
Evaluating the advantages APICS offers over other similar organizations
Defining the problem
Developing the marketing research plan that she would employ
Holding focus groups with members of similar organizations to determine
whether the problems APICS is facing are universal or local
57. After working for a plumbing contractor for several years, Ken Crowe finally
established his own plumbing shop. Unfortunately, Crowe's first six months have
been disappointing. Crowe decided to conduct a marketing research study to gather
preliminary data to shed light on the nature of the problem and suggest some new
ideas. He needs to conduct _____ research.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Exploratory
Causal
Secondary
Descriptive
Observational
58. The manufacturer of Brother sewing machines wants to know the effect rebates
have on sales. It plans on dividing its retailers into three regions. One group will
offer consumers who buy a Brother sewing machine a $25 cash rebate. One will
offer buyers of the machine $50 worth of “free” machine accessory parts. A third
region will offer buyers a $40 store credit. The results of this market research will
provide Brother with _____________ data.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Observational
Survey
Secondary
Experimental
Descriptive
59. Respondents are asked to rate an attitude object on a number of multiple-point
rating scales bounded at each end by one of two bipolar adjectives or phrases. This
type of question is called:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Dichotomous
A semantic differential
Multiple choice
Rating scale
A likert scale
60. If the guests at Bayside Resort were asked to rate their night’s sleep on a scale
with the following ratings: excellent, very good, good, fair, poor, the resort would
be using a(n) _____ to gather primary data.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Semantic differential
Importance scale
Rating scale
Dichotomous question
Likert scale
61. The question, “What is your opinion on the safety of American highways?” is an
example of a _____ question.
a) Completely unstructured
b) Thematic
c) Dichotomous
d) Semantic differential
e) Rating
62. The contact method that minimizes interviewer bias is:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mail
Telephone
Intercept interview
Focus group
Personal interview
63. If time is of the essence for a research project, the preferred contact method is:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mail
Telephone
Intercept interview
Personal interview
Focus group
64. The best contact method to use to quickly determine how many people saw the
commercial for the new Volkswagen Beetle that ran last night during the television
show Friends would be:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mail
Internet
Telephone
Focus group
Personal interview
65. If flexibility is the most important criterion for a research project, the preferred
contact method is:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Intercept interview
Telephone
Focus group
Personal interview
e) Mail
66. Personal interviewing takes two forms. They are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Arranged interview and intercept interview
Depth interview and simple interview
Online interview and offline interview
Focus-group interview and individual interview
Adaptive interview and static interview
67. Research is an expensive, sophisticated process that is often beyond the reach of
small businesses with their limited budgets.
a) True
b) False
68. Primary data are generally available more quickly and at a lower cost than
secondary data.
a) True
b) False
69. A producer of herb mixes that wants to explore adding new products should use
close-ended questions in interviews with a sampling of its current customers.
a) True
b) False
70. Students surveyed were asked the following question: "I would support a
company that provides my school with scholarships. "
Strongly Agree
Agree
Neither Agree Nor Disagree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
This survey used a(n):
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Semantic differential
Thematic apperception test
Importance scale
Open-ended question
Likert scale
71. A variable that is not influenced by or not dependent on other variables in
experiments is called
a) Independent variable
b) Dependent variable
c) Experimental variable
72. Personal interviewing of a certain percentage of individuals who pass by certain
points in a shopping center is also known as
a)
b)
c)
d)
On-site interviewing
Focus group interviewing
In-home interviewing
Intercept interviews
73. A researcher wants to study the characteristics of people who are heavy users of
film (purchase more than 12 rolls per year). This group is referred to as the:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Sample
Census
Population
None of the above
74. Kellogg seeks to determine consumer believability towards it's products' health
claims. The most appropriate technique for this purpose is
a)
b)
c)
d)
Observation
Survey
Experimentation
Simulation
75. Which data collection techniques cannot study attitudes?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Observation
Mail survey
Semantic differential
Multidimensional scaling
76 Which type of sampling uses whoever seems to be available
a)
b)
c)
d)
Stratified sampling
Area sampling
Quota sampling
Convenience sampling
77. _______________ sampling is especially useful when you are trying to reach
population that are inaccessible or hard to find.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling
Snowball sampling
All of the above
78. If population = 100, sample size = 20, interval size = 5, and randomly selected
number from 1 to 5 is 4, then for choosing a systematic random sample, the first
unit 4 will be followed by
a)
b)
c)
d)
5
9
24
14
79.
reactions of customers to current products, customer preferences, and a record
of past purchases can most often be obtained from
a) profit and loss statement
b) inventory records
c) salespeople call reports
d) customer billings
80.
in the data analysis stage of marketing research, forms are
a) coded and analyzed
b) coded, tabulated and analyzed
c) tabulated and analyzed
d) analyzed
81.
which of these statements about data collection is correct
a) a firm should approach data collection as an ongoing activity
b) a firm needs a computer to successfully implement collection and retrieval
of information
c) research projects should always include sampling
d) a firm should not spend on research
82. The quality of a research to produce almost identical results in successive repeated
trials reflects it's
a) Reliability
b) Validity
c) Accuracy
83. An easy reference about the sources of the data through which the research has
been compiled is provided by the
a)
b)
c)
d)
Footnotes
Executive summary
Introduction
Bibliography
84. What should a market researcher do once he or she has defined the problem and
the research objectives?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Collect the information
Budget for information collection
Develop the research plan
Sample the population
Develop a survey instrument
85. A survey asked questions like, “Are you currently married?”, “Do you have a
favorite TV show?”, “Do you go to the grocery store at least once a week?”, and
“Do you own a car?” What type of close-ended questions did this survey have?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
A Likert scale
Semantic approval
Experiential
Dichotomous
Dual answer
86. For answering questions about sensitive issues such as age, it is ideal to use
a)
b)
c)
d)
response brackets
response technique
hypothetical projective brackets
none of the above
87. The group on which the researcher wants to generalize the results of his study is
called the
a)
b)
c)
d)
sampling frame
study population
theoretical population
sample
88. One of the best survey methods that can be used for all research situations is the email questionnaire surveys
a) True
b) False
89. A critical review of the information, pertaining to the research study, already
available in various sources is called
a)
b)
c)
d)
Research review
Research design
Data review
Literature review
90. When planning your literature search you need to:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Have clearly defined research questions and objectives
Define the parameters of your search
Generate key words and search terms
All the above
91. The first step in the research process is the:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Development of the research plan
Survey of stakeholders to determine if problems exist
Collection of the available sources for needed information
Definition of the problem and research objectives
92. Which of these is a precisely-defined issue (problem) definition?
a)
b)
c)
d)
why are current sales so poor?
Will additional advertising have a positive impact on sales
Are we in compliance with current local pricing legislation
What per cent of adults recall an ad two days after it appeared?
93. A base document for research purposes, providing the questions and structure for
an interview or self-completion and providing space for respondents answers is
more popularly known as a
a)
b)
c)
d)
questionnaire
scaling
tests
none of the above
94. Rosco Publishing Company sells books to college students on test-taking skills,
motivation, relationship management, and ways to deal with stress. Its wants to
use a probability sampling method that will ensure the percentage of freshmen,
sophomores, juniors, seniors, and graduate students in the sample reflect the
percentage on the college campus. What is the best sampling method for the
publisher to use?
a)
b)
c)
d)
simple random sample
stratified random sample
quota sample
judgment sample
95. The basic idea of sampling is that by _______________ some of the elements in a
population, we may draw conclusions about the entire population.
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
clustering
selecting
commenting
tabulating
96. The inclusion of open-ended questions on many questionnaire means that a
significant amount of ________________ data is also collected.
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
secondary
quantitative
qualitative
primary
97. Dividing population into subpopulations (strata) and using simple random on each
strata is called _____________________ sampling.
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
98.
in depth interviews are exactly as the name suggests and use an interview
schedule rather than a formal questionnaire as the basic __________ collection
instrument
a)
b)
c)
d)
99.
stratified
systematic
cluster
judgement
data
number
information
none of the above
an appropriate adage might be, "a problem well defined is a problem half
solved.," an orderly definition of the research problem gives a sense of
____________ to the investigation
a) direction
b) seriousness
100. The effective use of information requires a thorough understanding of the
___________ of information available and how the information is gathered
a) Mode
b) Plan
c) Types
d) None of the above
101. a significant proportion of the marketing research approaches is based on
_________ constructs from the social sciences and systems thinking
a) practical
b) effective
c) theoretical
d) none of the above
102. the key objective of any training activity is to ensure that the data collection
instrument will be administered by all interviewers in a uniform and
____________ manner
a) fashionable
b) smart
c) consistent
d) inconsistent
103. the conversion of the raw data into information means that the data needs to be
___________ and coded so that it can be transferred onto a computer or other data
storage media
a) edited
b) audited
c) amalgamated
d) converted
104. the major disadvantage with in depth interviews is that because of their time
consuming nature it is usually only possible to carry out a relatively small number
of such interviews and as such the results are likely to be highly ____________
a) subjective
b) objective
c) questionable
d) objectionable
105. A population is the total collection of elements about which we wish to make
some __________
a) Census
b) Inferences
c) Demographic
d) None of the above
106. students surveyed were asked the following questions: "which cereals have
you seen advertised within the last three months?" The survey used a(n):
a) semantic differential
b) thematic apperception test
c) importance scale
d) open ended question
e) likert scale
107.
which is not an element of a good sample
a) precision
b) accuracy
c) representation
d) large sample
108.
It is not advisable to include a covering letter along with the questionnaire.
a)
true
b)
false
109. Until recently Canadian condo developers operated under the philosophy, “Build
it and they will buy.” Then, Stan Kates launched the Preferred Home Buyer
Alliance. He is in the process of creating a database of new homebuyers and
prospective homebuyers in Ontario who provide his organization with information
about what they want and don’t want in their homes. A builder can contract with
Kates and find out, for example, if homebuyers with small children prefer track
lighting or two sinks in the master bedroom. The database also has information on
homebuyer’s favorite restaurants and hobbies. One way Kates collects this data is
through a gathering of six to ten new and prospective homebuyers who are invited
to talk about their ideal home. Kates uses _____ research.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Focus-group
Experiential
Observational
Causal
Behavioral
110. __________ bias is caused by the respondents being influenced by the
organization conducting the study
a) auspices bias
b) social desirability bias
c) extremity bias
d) acquiescence bias
111. once obtained there is no need to evaluate the relevance of the literature to
your research question and objectives
a) true
b) false
112. usually, syndicated data services can provide consumer panel data at a much
lower cost that if a company carried on it's own panel operations
a) true
b) false
113. which of the following types of causal research projects would a company that
publishes custom cookbooks used for fundraisers by churches, colleges, and civic
groups choose?
a) A study to determine the types of fundraising most commonly use by
church groups
b) A survey of previous customers to see if they are interested in a new edition
c) A study determining if more people buy the custom cookbook when the
cover has a picture relating to the group selling it, rather than if it has
just a generic cover.
d) A study to determine the price range for an average sized cookbook
e) An industrial study of what similar publishing companies are doing to
better serve their customers
114 which of the following is an example of primary data that would be used by the
Ashton - Drake Galleries to determine the popularity of it's precious moments doll
series?
a) Input from a focus group that was put together specifically to discuss
their perception of the popularity of the doll series
b) An article about the precious moments doll in a recent issue of Crafts
magazine
c) Sales records for collectible dolls gathered by the industry's trade council
d) A survey that noted that dolls are the most often collected item by women
between the ages of 40 and 60
e) Data from the sales records kept by the exclusive dealers of the precious
moments dolls
115. how would delta, a manufacturer of acrylic paints used in arts and crafts, use
observational research to gather primary data?
a) By surveying current users to find out the ways the paint could be removed
b) By watching how members of a class learn to paint mailboxes using the
paint
c) By asking users of other brands of paint to list the most important attributes
for acrylic paint
116. you would expect the following question to be used in a ____________
interview: "if you were a pickle, what kind of pickle would you be?
a) Focus group
b) Depth
c) Prototyping
d) Behavioral
117.
which is typically the most expensive step of marketing research process
a) problem definition
b) developing the research plan
c) information collection
d) information analysis
e) questionnaire design
118. which step in the marketing research process is generally considered to be the
most prone to error?
a) Problem definition
b) Sample framing
c) Questionnaire design
d) Data collection
e) Data analysis
119. inspite of the rapid growth of research, many companies still fail to use it
sufficiently or correctly. Which of the following describes a reason for this failure
a) a narrow conception of marketing research
b) uneven caliber of researchers
c) poor framing of problems
d) personality and presentational differences
e) all of the above
120. a semantic differential scale takes a form such as "united airline food service is
__________ excellent ________very good _________good _______fair
_______poor"
a) true
b) false
121. data collection that focuses on providing an accurate description of the
variables in a situation forms the basis of which type of study
a) exploratory study
b) descriptive study
c) causal study
122. a condition that exists when an instruments measures what it is supposed to
measure is called
a) validity
b) accuracy
c) reliability
123. a “real world” environment in which experiments take place is also referred to
as
a) field settings
b) field trips
c) field
d) field research
e) accuracy
124. experiments in which households log their weekly purchases and consumption
patterns are known as
a) home placements
b) diary test
c) experiments
d) causal studies
125. a sampling method in which the final choice of respondent is left to the
interviewers who base their choices on one or more variables such as age,
nationality, education etc is called
a) area sampling
b) stratified sampling
c) random sampling
d) quota sampling
126.
which of these is a precisely defined problem definition
a) why are current sales so poor
b) will additional advertising have a positive impact on sales
c) are we in compliance with current local pricing legislation
d) what per cent of adults recall an ad two days after it appeared
127. Imagine your college is in the process of measuring student satisfaction with
the college’s cafeteria. The college is concerned about the objectivity of the
research process. Which of the following strategies best illustrates objectivity.
a) Developing the survey instrument on the basis of the researcher’s
preconceptions of the cafeteria
b) Asking students in a personal survey “why do you like the cafeteria?”
and reminding students that the cafeteria food is healthier than the offerings
of the nearby fast food restaurants
c) Mailing the questionnaire to a random sample of all students
d) Using a personal survey directed to students who purchased a meal card
128. according to the marketing director of a frozen food marketer, “we need to
determine why our coupon redemption rate dropped from 20 % last month to 5 %
this month.” This statement outlines the firm’s
a) research design
b) issue (problem ) definition
c) secondary data needs
d) primary data needs
129. for questions which the respondents are not likely to answer truthfully, it is
ideal to use which technique
a) response technique
b) hidden response technique
c) hypothetical projective response technique
d) response brackets
130.
the question “what kind of headache remedy do you use? Is free of any errors?
a) True
b) False
131. the advantage of __________________ can be even more significant if the
responses are being entered directly on to a computer via a process of “computer
aided telephone interviewing” (CATI)
a) fast
b) sample
c) speed
d) mad cow
132. random sampling error is the difference between the sample _________and
the results of a complete survey of the total population using exactly the same
procedures
a) population
b) observation
c) result
d) sample
133. both stratified and quota sampling have the ______________ objective, the
approaches should not be confused
a) different
b) objection
c) same
d) deterrent
134. in the absence of more information to determine a sample size on the basis of
sound statistical principles, at every point the researcher must attempt to
____________- sources of error
a) maximize
b) minimize
c) reject
d) accept
135. the depth or in-depth interview is an unstructured __________ in which the
interviewee is encouraged to talk extensively
a) interview
b) interviewer
c) man
d) woman
136. in general terms, properly conducted, face to face interviews tend to be an
effective ______ to data collection even if they are a little costly
a) approach
b) complimentary
c) selective
d) effective
137. the quality of the data will be influenced by the relative efficiency of the
questionnaire as a recording schedule. _________________, incomplete coding
and misunderstanding of questions and answers all arise from poor lay out and a
badly formulated questionnaire
a) coding
b) coating
c) mid coating
d) miscoding
138. in designing the questionnaire it is important to remember that the survey
researcher is ________ person who has to use the questionnaire
a) not the only
b) the only
c) only
d) the
139. closed ended questions are used when the majority of answers are known and
appropriate _____________ responses can be presented
a) functional
b) formatted
c) post coded
d) pre coded
140. while designing a questionnaire, it is best to use only one type of question so that
the respondents find it simple to answer
a) true
b) false
141. there is no need to give a reference for a journal when there is no obvious author
for the journal
a) true
b) false
142)
a)
b)
c)
d)
what are the qualities of a good hypothesis
adequate for the purpose
testable
better than its rivals
all of the above
143) what are the two types of arguments
a) deduction and induction
b) exploratory and deductive
c) dejection and injection
d) none of the above
144) A ___________________ is conducted to detect weaknesses in research
instrument’s design
a) Pilot study
b) Questionnaire
c) Interview
d) Sampling
145) in research ethics, confidentiality should be guaranteed if the researcher
cannot promise anonymity
a) true
b) false
146) Which of the following is NOT one of the ways to increase response rate for a
questionnaire?
a) Attractive cover letter
b) Proper timing
c) Large number of questions
d) remuneration
147)
a)
b)
c)
d)
In general the larger the sample, the smaller the
Sampling proportion
Population size
Size of the strata
Sampling error`
148) reliability is mostly a matter of ______________, while validity is mostly
about _____________
a) consistency, accuracy
b) accuracy, consistency
c) similarity, dissimilarity
d) similarity, consistency
149) ____________________ is the process of using rules to partition a body of
data
a) coding
b) data presentation
c) categorization
d) none of the above
150) Text paragraphs, semi tabular form, tables and graphics are used in
____________________
a) Introduction
b) Presenting statistics
c) Appendix
d) Research methodology
151)
a)
b)
c)
d)
research should be _________________
accessible
transparent
transferable
all of the above
152)
a)
b)
c)
d)
which of the following is not a characteristic of email questionnaire survey?
Instant speed of data collection
World wide global flexibility
High distribution and processing costs
Flexible but extensive difference in the capabilities of respondents
153) ------------ are Questions the researcher, must answer to satisfactory arrive at a
conclusion about the research question.
a) Investigate questions
b) Research question
c) Measurement question
d) Fine-tuning the research question
154)
---------------- Is the degree to which bias is absent from the sample.
a) Precision
b) Accuracy
c) Census
d) Presentation
155)
a)
b)
c)
d)
The process of searching bibliographic databases includes the
following EXCEPT
Saving the valuable results of your research
Selecting a database appropriate to your topic
retrieve articles not available in the database
assigning each element within sampling frame
e) supplementing your sources with internet sources
156) Sampling _______________ is the list of elements from which the sample is
actually drawn
a) File
b) Record
c) Listing
d) Frame
157)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Which of the following is the right way of writing a bibliography
Kotler, P (2000) “Marketing Management” : Prentice Hall International
Marketing Management (2000) “Kotler, P: Prentice Hall International
Philip Kotler (2000) “Marketing Management” : Prentice Hall International
Marketing Management by Philip Kotler : Prentice Hall International (2000)
None of the above
158) The appendix at the end of the dissertation normally includes a blank sample
questionnaire, tables of raw data and any other useful information not provided in
the main body of the research
a) True
b) False
159 Identify the dissertation chapter which involves drawing together the main points
revealed in the research, summing them up and stating the implications of
findings.
a. Introduction
b. Literature review
c. Research methodology
d. Data analysis and findings
e. Conclusion and recommendations
160. Through_______researchers develop concepts more clearly, establish priorities,
develop operational definitions, and improve the final research design
a)
b)
c)
d)
Data collection
Exploration
Description
Definition
161 Exploratory investigation of management question adapts the following
approaches except
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Films, photographs, and videotape
In-depth interviewing
Document analysis
Street ethnography
Survey method
162 If we consider the possible relationships that can occur between two variables,
we can conclude that there are three possibilities. The following are the possible
except:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Property-behavior relationships
Reciprocal relationship
Symmetrical
Asymmetrical
163. the research design process involves identifying a __________ problem or
opportunity, translating that problem or opportunity into a research process, and
collecting, analyzing, communicating and disseminating the information resulting
from the research activity.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Communication
Marketing
Management
Information
164 the major ______________ in data storage and data retrieval system means that
there has been and continues to be a rapid growth in terms of secondary data sources
a) Expense
b) Addition
c) Explosion
d) Function
104.
165.
A
it is also important to avoid asking embarrassing and _______ questions
a) personnel
b) private
c) personal
d) stupid
166 Business research is a systematic inquiry that provides information to guide
business decisions. This includes the following except:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Reporting
Descriptive
Explanatory
Predictive studies
167. Identify the style of thinking that is defined as “to devote observations and
propositions based on sense experience and/or derived from such experience by
methods of inductive logic, including mathematics and statistics”
a)
b)
c)
d)
Idealism
Empricism
Extentialism
Rationalism
168. When we mean that reason is a primary source of knowledge, the style of
thinking is named as
a)
b)
c)
d)
Empricism
Rationalism
Idealism
Extentialism
169 All students studying in UAE College are having bright future. Abdul Rahman is
a student of UAE College. Abdul Rahman has a bright future. This type of
argument is called as
a) Introduction
b) Induction
c) Detective
d) Deduction
170 The introduction chapter is usually _____________ % of the total word limit of
the dissertation
a)
30
b)
40
c)
25
d)
10
http://www.hrnutshell.com/topics/topics-covered-group1-key-to-survival/research/multiple-choicequestions/item/265-research-methods-mcqs
1. In the research process, the management question has the following critical activity in sequence.
●
Origin, selection, statement, exploration and refinement
●
Origin, statement, selection, exploration and refinement
●
Origin, exploration, selection, refinement, and statement
●
Origin, exploration, refinement, selection and statement
2. The chapter that details the way in which the research was conducted is the _________ chapter
●
Introduction
●
Literature review
●
Research methodology
●
Data analysis
●
Conclusion and recommendations
3. Business research has an inherent value to the extent that it helps management make better
decisions. Interesting information about consumers, employees, or competitors might be pleasant to
have, but its value is limited if the information cannot be applied to a critical decision.
●
True
●
False
4. The researcher should never report flaws in procedural design and estimate their effect on the
findings.
●
True
●
False
5. Adequate analysis of the data is the least difficult phase of research for the novice.
●
True
●
False
6. The validity and reliability of the data should be checked occasionally
●
True
●
False
7. Researchers are tempted to rely too heavily on data collected in a prior study and use it in the
interpretation of a new study
●
True
●
False
8. What is a good research? The following are correct except
●
Purpose clearly defined
●
Research process detailed
●
Research design thoroughly planned
●
Findings presented ambiguously
9. Greater confidence in the research is warranted if the researcher is experienced, has a good
reputation in research, and is a person of integrity
●
True
●
False
10. A complete disclosure of methods and procedures used in the research study is required. Such
openness to scrutiny has a positive effect on the quality of research. However, competitive advantage
often mitigates against methodology disclosure in business research.
●
True
●
False
11. Research is any organized inquiry carried out to provide information for solving problems.
●
True
●
False
12. In deduction, the conclusion must necessarily follow from the reasons given. In inductive
argument there is no such strength of relationship between reasons and conclusions.
●
True
●
False
13. Conclusions must necessarily follow from the premises. Identify the type of arguments that
follows the above condition.
●
Induction
●
Combination of Induction and Deduction
●
Deduction Variables
14. Eminent scientists who claim there is no such thing as the scientific method, or if exists, it is not
revealed by what they write, caution researchers about using template like approaches
●
True
●
False
15. One of the terms given below is defined as “a bundle of meanings or characteristics associated
with certain events, objects, conditions, situations, and the like
●
Construct
●
Definition
●
Concept
●
Variable
16. This is an idea or image specifically invented for a given research and/or theory building purpose
●
Concept
●
Construct
●
Definition
●
Variables
17. The following are the synonyms for independent variable except
●
Stimulus
●
Manipulated
●
Consequence
●
Presumed Cause
18. The following are the synonyms for dependent variable except
●
Presumed effect
●
Measured Outcome
●
Response
●
Predicted from…
19. In the research process, a management dilemma triggers the need for a decision.
●
True
●
False
20. Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections. They are:
●
Research question and research methodology
●
Research proposal and bibliography
●
Research method and schedule
●
Research question and bibliography
21. The purpose of the research proposal is:
●
To generate monetary sources for the organization
●
To present management question to be researched and its importance
●
To discuss the research efforts of others who have worked on related management question.
22. A proposal is also known as a:
●
Work plan
●
Prospectus
●
Outline
●
Draft plan
●
All of the above
23. Non response error occurs when you cannot locate the person or could not encourage the
respondent to participate in answering.
●
True
●
False
24. Secondary data can almost always be obtained more quickly and at a lower cost than
__________data.
●
Tertiary
●
Collective
●
Research
●
Primary
25. The purpose of __________________ research is to help in the process of developing a clear and precise
statement of the research problem rather than in providing a definitive answer.
●
Marketing
●
Causal
●
Exploratory
●
Descriptive
Answers
1. a. 2. c. 3. a. 4. b. 5. b. 6. b. 7. a. 8. d. 9. a. 10. a. 11. a. 12. a. 13. C. 14. a. 15. c. 16. b. 17. c.
18. d. 19. a. 20. a. 21. a. 22. e. 23. a. 24. d. 25. c.
1. In a qualitative research proposal you would not expect to see a............
a) Research question
b) Research aim
c) Hypothesis
d) Operational definition
Ans: c)
2. Which of the following statement is not true?
a) A research proposal is a document that presents a plan for a project
b) A research proposal shows that the researcher is capable of successfully conducting the
proposed research project
c) A research proposal is an unorganized and unplanned project
d) A research proposal is just like a research report and written before the research project
Ans: c)
3. After identifying the important variables and establishing the logical reasoning in
theoretical framework, the next step in the research process is..........
a) To conduct surveys
b) To generate the hypothesis
c) To focus group discussions
d) To use experiments in an investigation
Ans: b)
4. The fundamental characteristic of the scientific method is __________ a)
Theories
b) Empiricism
c) Replication
d) Evaluating data
Ans-: b)
5. According to Goodstein's (2000) "evolved theory of science," which of the following is
not a characteristic of scientific inquiry?
a)
Scientists make observations that are accurately reported to other scientists and
the public so others can replicate the methods and obtain the same results.
b)
Science flourishes when there is an open system for the exchange of ideas in
which supporters and those who disagree with an idea can report their research and it
can be evaluated by others.
c)
Research studies must be reviewed by peers before they become a part of the
scientific literature.
d)
Scientists search for observations that support ideas popular to others and
viewed by other scientists as publishable.
Ans: d)
6. The main advantage of producing a written research proposal is------a) Informs all interested parties
b) Helps with credibility
c) Helps the institution
d) Helps keep people employed
Ans: a)
7. The one which will always appear in a research proposal is.......
a) Business objective
b) Research objective
c) Marketing objective
d) Creative objective
Ans: b)
8. Good research proposals will always-.......
a) Consider all possible research that had previously been done on the topic
b) Provide respondent names and addresses
c) Focus on the Harvard style
d) Focus on addressing the research objectives
Ans: d)
9. The proposal's literature review is important because-——
a) It is expected by the university
b) The tutor insists upon it
c) It looks authoritative
d) It shows that you are knowledgeable about the literature that relates to your research topic
Ans: c)
10. The proposal section which intended to describe the purpose with a full statement of the
research question is----------a) Literature review
b) References
c) Introduction
d) Proposed Method
Ans: c)
11. Which of the following statement is not true?
a) A research proposal is a document that presents a plan fora project
b) A research proposal shows that the researcher is capable of successfully conducting the
proposed research project
c) A research proposal is an unorganized and unplannedproject
d) A research proposal is just like a research report and writtenbefore the research project
Ans: c)
12. The statement of purpose in a research study should-------a) Identify the design of the study
b) Identify the intent or objective of the study
c) Specify the type of people to be used in the study
d) Describe the study
Ans: b)
13. The research participants are described in detail in..........section of the research plan a)
Introduction
b) Method
c) Data analysis
d) Discussion
Ans: b)
14. The Method section of the research plan typically specifies ---------a) The research participants
b) The apparatus, instruments, and materials for the research study
c) The planned research procedures
d) all of the above
Ans: d)
15. The interactive, computer-based information system that collects data on transactions and
operations is..........
a) Transaction processing system
b) Decision support system
c) Executive information system
d) Expert system
Ans: b)
16. One of the following is not the three main components in a decision support system........
a) Communications
b) Dialogue
c) Model
d) Data
Ans: a)
17. To explain, predict, and/or control phenomena are the goal of -------------- a)
Tradition
b) Inductive logic
c) Deductive logic
d) The scientific method
Ans: d)
18. The purpose of a literature review is to-...........
a) Help you find out what is already known about this area
b) Identify any inconsistencies or gaps in the literature.
c) Demonstrate an awareness of the theoretical context in which the current study can be
located
d) Find what is already known, identify gaps,and demonstrate awareness Ans: b)
19. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowingbecause it is more........
a) Reliable
b) Systematic
c) Accurate
d) All of the given options
Ans: d)
20. According to Burrell & Morgan (1979) one of the following is not a paradigm within
business research methods is......
a) Radical structuralist
b) Radical positivist
c) Functionalist
d) Interpretative
Ans: b)
21. After you locate a source, you should write down all the details of the reference,
except...........
a) Full names of the authors
b) Titles
c) Volumes
d) Price
Ans: d)
22. The basis of Scientific Method is.........
a) To test hypotheses in conditions that is conclusive to its success
b) To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis
c) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions
that challenge the hypothesis.
d) To test hypotheses and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely.
Ans: c)
23. The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the-------a) Conceptual understanding
b) Dictionary meaning
c) Operational definition
d) All of the above
Ans: d)
24. The word 'Research' means------a) A lab experiment
b) A report.
c) A systematic enquiry
d) A procedure
Ans: c)
25. If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in hisclassroom to ascertain their
merit and worth; he is likelyconducting......type of research
a) Basic
b) Applied
c) Evaluation
d) Experimental
Ans: c)
26.The reasons for consulting handbooks, yearbooks, encyclopedias, or reviews in the Initial
stages of identifying a research topic is........
a) They are readily available
b) They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic
c) They are primary sources
d) They avoid reporting statistical data so one can interpret the results more easily. Ans: b)
27. Qualitative and Quantitative Research are the classification of research on the basis of......
a) Use of the research
b) Time dimensions
c) Techniques used
d) Purpose of the research
Ans: c)
28. The application of the scientific method to study of business problems is called....... a)
Inductive reasoning
b) Deductive reasoning
c) Business research
d) Grounded theory
Ans: c)
29. The research method is not applicable under.......
a) Healthcare
b) Business
c) Government offices
d) Imaginary worlds
Ans: d)
30. In an article it is most beneficial to read------a) References
b) Methods
c) Introduction
d) Figures
Ans: a)
31. Which of the following is not a function of clearly identified research questions?
a) They guide your literature search
b) They keep you focused throughout the data collection period
c) They make the scope of your research as wide as possible
d) They are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
Ans: c)
32. An operational definition is—
a) One that bears no relation to the underlying concept
b) An abstract, theoretical definition of a concept
c) A definition of a concept in terms of specific, empirical measures
d) One that refers to opera singers and their work
Ans: c)
33. Basic research can also be called as------a) Practical research
b) Fundamental Research
c) Action research
d) Assessment research
Ans: b)
34. In the research process, the management question has the following critical activity in
sequence.............
a) Origin, selection, statement, exploration and refinement
b) Origin, statement, selection, exploration and refinement
c) Origin, exploration, selection, refinement, and statement
d) Origin, exploration, refinement, selection and statement
Ans: a)
35. The meaning of a good research does not mean -----a) Purpose clearly defined
b) Research process detailed
c) Research design thoroughly planned
d) Findings presented ambiguously
Ans: d)
36. Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections. They
are——
a) Research question and research methodology
b) Research proposal and bibliography
c) Research method and schedule
d) Research question and bibliography
Ans: a)
37. The purpose of the research proposal is..........
a) To generate monetary sources for the organization
b) To present management question to be researched and its importance
c)To discuss the research efforts of others who have worked on related management question.
d) Both b and c
Ans: d)
38. A proposal is also known as a.......
a)Work plan
b) Prospectus
c) Outline
d) All of the above
Ans: d)
39. Secondary data can almost always be obtained more quickly and at a lower cost
than..........data.
a)Primary
b) Tertiary
c)Collective
d)Research
Ans: a)
40. The quality of a research to produce almost identical results in successive repeated trials
reflects its......a) Reliability
b) Validity
c) Accuracy
d) None of the above
Ans: a)
41. What should a market researcher do once he or she has defined the problem and the
research objectives?
a) Collect the information
b) Budget for information collection
c) Develop the research plan
d) Sample the population
Ans: c)
42. Business research is a systematic inquiry that provides information to guide business
decisions. This includes the following except.......
a) Reporting
b) Descriptive
c) Explanatory
d) Predictive studies
Ans: d)
43. Which of the following should not be a consideration in writinga proposal?
a) Understanding the purpose behind the request for proposal
b) Understanding the problem situation
c) The appearance/form of the proposal
d) Responding to every element exactly as specified by theclient
Ans: c)
44. The step-by-step account of what the researcher and participants did during the research
study is provided in........
a) Introduction
b) Abstract
c) Procedure
d) Design
Ans: c)
45. Which of the following is an example of deception in business research?
a) The obtaining of company material without permission
b) The researcher representing their research as being about a different topic
c) The researcher wearing a disguise during an observation
d) The researcher failing to ask permission to interview someone
Ans: b)
46. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of scientific method?
a) Deterministic
b) Rationalism
c) Empirical
d) Abstraction
Ans: d)
47. A research problem is feasible only whena) It is researchable
b) It is new and adds something to knowledge
c) It has utility and relevance
d) All of these
Ans : d)
48. Hypothesis cannot be stated in ........
a) Null and question form terms
b) Declarative term
c) General terms
d) Directional terms
Ans: c)
49. The validity and reliability of a research will be at stakewhen -----a) The author who is the source of information is biased,incompetent or dishonest
b) The incident was reported after a long period of time from that of its occurrence
c) The researcher himself is not competent enough to draw logical conclusions d) All of the
above
Ans : d)
50. After a researcher has stated the specific problem to be studied in an experiment, he must
then develop a -----a) Theory
b) Conclusion
c) Hypothesis
d) Summary of the data
Ans: c)
Unit 2 : Research Design
1. Research hypotheses are ______________
a) Formulated prior from review of the literature
b) Statements of predicted relationships between variables
c) Stated such that they can be confirmed or refuted
d) Both b and c
Ans : d)
2. Hypotheses in qualitative research studies usually _ ______
a) Are very specific and stated prior to beginning the study
b) Are often generated as the data are collected, interpreted, and analyzed c)
Are never used
d) Are always stated after the research study has been completed
Ans : b)
3. Research in which the researcher uses the qualitative paradigm for one phase and the
quantitative paradigm for another phase in known as _______________ a) action
research
b) basic research
c) quantitative research
d) mixed method research
4. Qualitative research is often exploratory and has all of the following characteristics except------a) it is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest.
b) it relies on the collection of non numerical data such as words and pictures
c) it is used to generate hypotheses and develop theory about phenomena in the world
d) it uses the inductive scientific method
ANS(a)
5. The opposite of the variables is
a) A constant
b) An extraneous variable
c) A dependent variable
d) A data set
Ans(a)
6. A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called as ………..
a) Categorical variable
b) Dependent variable
c) Independent variable
d) Intervening variable
Ans(c)
7. A condition of characteristics that can take on different values or categories is called ……..
a) a constant
b) a variable
c) a cause-and-effect relationship
d) a descriptive relationship
8. The quantitative research is best described by-----a)the collection of non numerical data
b)an attempt to confirms the researcher's hypotheses
c)research that is exploratory
d)research that attempts to generate a new theory
Ans: b)
9. ______allow a researcher to examine the degree and directionof the relationship between
two characteristics or variables.
a) Correlational designs
b) Quasi-experimental designs
c) Confounding variables
d) Experimental designs
Ans: a)
10. A dependent variable refers to............
a) The experimental condition
b) The variable which shows us the effect of the manipulation.
c) The variable being manipulated or varied in some way by the researcher
d) A variable with a single value which remains constant in a particular context
Ans: b)
11. Variables are..........a) the main focus of research in science.
b)something that can vary in terms of precision
c) something that we can measure
d) all of the above
Ans: d)
12. The sort of variable manipulated by the researcher is -........
a) Dependent.
b) Co-dependent
c) Independent
d) All variables are manipulated by the researcher
Ans: c)
13. The null and alternative hypotheses divide all possibilities intoa) two sets that overlap
b) two non-overlapping sets
c) two sets that may or may not overlap
d) as many sets as necessary to cover all possibilities
Ans: b)
14. .........is true of the null and alternative hypotheses.
a) Exactly one hypothesis must be true
b) both hypotheses must be true
c) It is possible for both hypotheses to be true
d) It is possible for neither hypothesis to be true
Ans: a)
15. The form of the alternative hypothesis can be:
a) one-tailed
b) two-tailed
c) neither one nor two-tailed
d) one or two-tailed
Ans: d)
16. The alternative hypothesis is also known as the:
a) elective hypothesis
b) optional hypothesis
c) research hypothesis
d) null hypothesis
Ans: c)
17. A Type II error is also known as a______.
a) False positive
b) False negative
c) Double negative
d) Positive negative
Ans: b)
18. A Type I error is also known as a______.
a) False positive
b) False negative
c) Double negative
d) Positive negative
Ans: a)
19.________ is the failure to reject a false null hypothesis.
a) Type I error
b) Type II error
c) Type A error
d) Type B error
Ans: b)
20. Which of the following statements is/are true according to the logic of hypothesis testing?
a) When the null hypothesis is true, it should be rejected
b) When the null hypothesis is true, it should not be rejected
c) When the null hypothesis is false, it should be rejected
d) Both b and c are true
Ans: d)
21. A literature review requires
a) Planning
b) Good & clear writing
c) Lot of rewriting
d) All of the above
Ans: d)
22. Conducting surveys is the most common method of generating........ a)
Primary data
b) Secondary data
c) Qualitative data
d) None of the above
Ans: a)
23. A list of questions which is handed over to the respondent, who reads the questions and
records the answers himself is known as the..........
a) Interview schedule
b) Questionnaire
c) Interview guided.
d) All of the given options
Ans: b)
24. Exploratory research addresses one of the following types of question. a)
If
b) How
c) Why
d) What
Ans: d)
25. Hypothesis test may also be called as:
a) Informal test
b) Significance test
c) Moderating test
d) T-test
Ans: b)
26. The interview in which questions are already prepared is called
a) Telephonic interview
b) Personal interview
c) Unstructured interview
d) Structured interview
Ans: d)
27. The group that does not receive the experimental treatment condition is the________. a)
Experimental group
b) Control group
c) Treatment group
d) Independent group
Ans: b)
28. There is a number of ways in which confounding extraneous variables can be controlled.
Which control technique is considered to be the best?
a) Random assignment
b) Matching
c) Counterbalancing
d) None of the above
Ans: a)
29. A cell is a combination of two or more____in a factorial design.
a) Research designs
b) Research measurements
c) Dependent variables
d) Independent variables
Ans: d)
30. A factorial design is one in which____.
a) Only one independent variable is studied to determine its effect on the dependent variable
b) Only two independent variables are simultaneously studied to determine their
independent and interactive effects on the dependent variable
c) Two or more independent variables are simultaneously studied to determine their
independent and interactive effects on the dependent variable
d) Two dependent variables are studied to determine their interactive effects Ans: c)
31. A researcher is interested in the effects of a preschool program on later school
performance. Because she is concerned that socio-economic-status (SES) is a potential
extraneous variable in her study, she picks^&tyldren to study who are only from low SES
homes. The control technique she used in this study was- ---a) Matching
b) Random assignment
c) Holding the extraneous variable constant
d) Statistically controlling the extraneous variable
Ans: c)
32. The directors of a graduate program in educational research wish to see what types of jobs
their graduates take after they finish their program. They randomly sample students from the
program and have them fill out questionnaires with items asking about the types of jobs they
have had. They also are asked to describe the roles they play in their current positions. This
project is best described as having what kind of objective—a) Descriptive
b) Predictive
c) Explanatory
d) None of the above
Ans: a)
33. The variable the researcher matches to eliminate it as an alternative explanation is called
a_________variable.
a) Matching
b) Independent
c) Dependent
d) Partial
Ans: a)
34. Which of the following is not a longitudinal design?
a) Panel
b) Cross-sectional
c) Trend
d) Both a and c are longitudinal designs
Ans: d)
35. In qualitative research, differences among types of purposive sample have to do with----a) Representativeness.
b) Timing during the study.
c) Individual variability.
d) All of the above.
Ans: d)
36. Data analysis in qualitative research, as contrasted with quantitative research, is
generally—
a) Theatrical rather than applied.
b) Applied rather than theatrical.
c) Deductive rather than inductive.
d) Inductive rather than deductive.
Ans: d)
37. Qualitative researchers view changes in procedures during a study as........... a)
A weakness
b) Frustrating
c) A good thing
d) To be avoided
Ans: c)
38. Conclusions from qualitative research are-------a) Less certain than from quantitative research
b) Of little practical use
c) Seldom defensible
d) Of descriptive value only.
Ans: a)
39. The validity poses a problem for qualitative research because—
a) Because the measurement of validity implies that there is something fixed which can be
measured
b) Because the validity of interviews cannot be measured
c) Because validity is only an issue in quantitative research
d) Because there isn't any quantitative data on which to assess validity
Ans: a)
40. The weakness of quantitative research is------a) Provides precise, numerical data
b) The researcher's categories that are used might not reflect local
constituenciesunderstandings
c) Testing hypotheses that are constructed before the data are collected
d) Can study a large number of people
Ans: b)
41. A study in which quantitative and qualitative data are collected at the same time is a..........
a) Concurrent mixed method design
b) Mixed method design
c) Sequential mixed method design
d) Cross-sectional mixed method design
Ans: a)
42. The starting point for a literature search is-------a) Tertiary data
b) Primary data
c) Secondary data
d) Some other data
Ans: a)
43. The researcher is usually interested in supporting --—- when he or she is engaging in
hypothesis testing.
a) The alternative hypothesis
b) The null hypothesis
c) Both the alternative and null hypothesis
d) Neither the alternative or null hypothesis
Ans: a)
44. The cutoff the researcher uses to decide whether to reject the null hypothesis is called
the—
a) Significance level
b) Alpha level
c) Probability value
d) Both a and b are correct
Ans; d)
45. Of type I and type II en\r, one which traditionally regarded as more serious is a)
Type I
b) Type II
c) They are equally serious
d) Neither is serious
Ans: a)
46. Smaller p-values indicate more evidence in support of..........
a) the null hypothesis
b) the alternative hypothesis
c) the quality of the researcher
d) further testing
Ans: b)
47. A null hypothesis can only be rejected at the 5% significance level if and only if—
a) a 95% confidence interval includes the hypothesized value of the parameter
b) a 95% confidence interval does not include the hypothesized value of the parameter c)
the null hypothesis is void
d) the null hypotheses includes sampling error
Ans: b)
48. A developmental research design that examines agedifferences at only one point in time is
called the_________method.
a) Cross-sectional
b) Longitudinal
c) Single-case
d) Sequential
Ans: a)
104 Business Research Methods - MCQs
1) Process of obtaining a numerical description of the extent to which a person or object possesses
some characteristics
a) Measurement
b) Scaling
c) Questionnaire
d) Interview
2) Measurement that involves monitoring a respondent’s involuntary responses to marketing stimuli
via the use of electrodes and other equipment is called
a) Projective Techniques
b) Physiological measures
c) Depth Interviews
d) Multi-dimensional Scales
3) Validity that reflect whether a scale performs as expected in relation to other variables selected
as meaningful criteriacriteria
a) Criterian-related Validity
b) Content Validity
c) Construct validity
d) Convergent Validity
4) Scale that indicates the relative position of two or more objects or some characteristics is called
A) Ranking Scale
b) Ordinal Scale
c) Arbitrary Scale
d) Ratio Scale
5) Method that involves the selection of items by a panel of judges on the basis of their relevance,
the potential for ambiguity, and the level of the attitude they represent
a) Cumulative scale
b) Arbitrary Scale
c) Item Analysis
d) Consensus Scaling
6) Even numbered non-verbal rating scale using single adjectives instead of bipolar opposites is
called
a) Semantic Differential
c) Stapel Scale
b) Multi-dimensional scaling
d) Standardised Instruments
7) Instrument’s ability to accurately measure variability in stimuli or response is known as
a) Sensitivity
b) Practicality
c) Generalisablity
d) Economy
8) 7-point rating scale with end-points associated with bipolar labels that have semantic meaning is
a) Semantic differential scale b) Constant Sum Scale
c) Graphic Rating Scale
d) Likert Scale
9) Scale in which the respondent directly compares two or more objects and makes choices among
them is
a) Ranking Scale
b) Rating Scale
c) Graphic Scale
d) None of these
10)
Scales where respondent is asked to rate an item in comparison with another item or a
group of items each other based on a common criterion is
a) Method of paired comparison
b) Forced Ranking
c) Constant Sum Scale d) All of the above
11)
Original source from which researcher directly collects the data that has not been previously
collected
a) Primary data
b) Secondary Data
c) Tertiary Data
d) None of these
12)
Technique in which the respondents and/or the clients communicate and/or observe by use
of the internet
a) Online Ethnography
b) Online Interview
c) Online Questionnaire
d) Online Focus Group
13)
Issue to be considered for the secondary data include which of the following
a)
Sufficiency b) Reliability c) Suitability
d) All of the above
14)
Method that involves recording the behavioural pattern of people, objects and events in a
systematic manner to obtain information about the phenomenon of interest
a) Observation b) Online Survey c) Schedules d) Warranty Cards
15)
Technique that allow several members of a hiring company to interview a job candidate at
the same time is
a) Panel Interview
b) Self administered interview
c) Mail Interview
d) Electronic Interview
17) Qualitative methods are probably the oldest of all the scientific techniques, the method of
qualitative research is:
a) Questionnaire
b) Attitude Scales
c) Depth Interview
d) Observation
18) In validity of measurement scales, validity can be measured through several methods like
a) Content
b) Criterion
c) Construct
d) All of the above
19) The test of reliability is an important test of sound measurement. The methods to evaluate
reliability of scales are:
a) Convergent
b) Delegating measurement strategies
c) Split-Halves Method d) None of the above
20) The most common scales used in research are
a) Nominal
b) Ratio
c) Ordinal
d) All of the above
21) In scale construction technique, scale can be developed by
a) Ratio Scale
b) Cumulative Scale
c) Nominal scale
d) Ordinal scale
22) The criteria for good scale is developed by
a) Reliability
b) Practicability
c) Sensitivity
d) All of the above
24) The main problem in questionnaire is
a) Accessible to Diverse Respondent
b) Greater Anonymity
c) Shows an inability of respondent to provide information
d) None of these
25) Electronic interview can be conducted by:
a) Telephonic
b) Fax c) Personal
d) All of the above
Ans:
1) a 2) b 3)a 4)b 5)d 6)c 7)a 8)a 9)a 10)b 11)a 12)d 13)d 14)a 15)a 16)b 17)c 18)d 19)c
20)d
21)b
22)d
23)a
24)c
25)b
1) Define the correct sequence in the stage of sampling:
a)
i) Sampling method selection ii) Population definition
iii) Sampling frame
development iv) Sampling unit specification v) Sample size determination
b)
i) Population definition
ii) Sampling frame development
iii) Sampling unit specification
iv) Sampling method selection
v) Sample size determination
c)
i) Sampling method selection ii) Sampling unit specification iii) Sample size
determination iv)Population definition
v) Sampling frame development
d)
i) Sample size determination ii) Population definition iii) Sampling frame
development
iv)Sampling unit specification
v) Sampling method selection
2) What are the two types of sampling methods?
a)
Random or probability sampling and non-probability sampling
b)
Probability sampling and random sampling
c)
Probability sampling and non-random sampling
d)
All of the above
3) It is a special non-probability method used when the desired sample characteristic is rare, which
sampling
a)
Panel Sampling
b) Snowball sampling
c) Convenience sampling
d) Purposive Sampling
4) The university book shop selects 200 of its more than 8000 customers to participate in a study on
service quality in the shop. The book Shop has established a ________ for use in its research.
a)
Population
b) Field setting
c) Dependent grouping
d) Sample
5) A good sampling frame must be
a)
Relevant
c) Precise
b) Complete
d) All of the above
6) How many different sample of size 3 can be taken from the population comprising 5 elements?
a)
7
b) 12
c) 5
d) 10
7) When sample size increases, which of the followings correct?
a)
The standard error remains unchanged b) The standard error increases
c) The standard error declines
d) None of the above
8) In case the population has a normal distribution, then the sampling distribution of the mean
a) Has a mean equal to the population mean
b) Has normal distribution
c) Both a and b
d) None of these
9) In which of the following sample designs, maps rather than lists or registers are used as the
sampling frame?
a)
Simple random sample b) Cluster sample
c) Area Sample
d) none of these
10)
Suppose that a population with N = 200 has µ = 30. What is the mean of the sampling
distribution of the mean for sample of size 40?
a)
Not possible to determine as this information is inadequate
b)
40
c)
25
d)
30
13) A sample study is a study of
a) Whole population
b) Only representative items
c) 51 items
d) None of these
14) Among the following methods which is not a probability sampling method? a)
Systematic sampling
b) Stratified sampling
c) Cluster sampling
d) Quota sampling
15) Among the following methods which is not the non-probability sampling method?
a) Convenient sampling
b) Quota sampling
c) Judgement sampling
d) Systematic sampling
16) Which of the following is the example of random sampling techniques?
Taking the name of every person in a telephone book
a)
b) Generating a list of numbers by picking numbers out of a hat and matching these
numbers to names in the telephone book
c) Taking every tenth or twentieth name from a list of everybody in the telephone book
d) All of the above
17) Pat Robertson is running for parliament in the General Election. She needs to know
the intended choices of the voters and will undertake a survey. All the voters on the
Electoral Register in her constituency would be the study’s
a) Sample
b) Dependent variable
c) Population
d) Independent variable
18) What are the types of Random or probability sampling?
Judgemental sampling
a) Area sampling and
b) Stratified sampling and Area sampling
c) Judgemental sampling and Quota sampling
d) Sequential sampling
19) Greg Beck of Quality Market Research tells placement student John to go out and
select for personal interview ten men and ten women. Greg is using __________
sampling for this phase of the research.
a) Random
21)
that
b) Stratified
c) Quota
d) Area
When there is a significant difference between the statistic and parametric values, it means
a) Sample statistic is representative is representative of the population parameter
b) Static value is used to approximate parameter
c) The difference is real
d) None of the above
22)
The process of selecting a number of participants for a study in such a way that they
represent the larger group from which they were selected is known as
a) Research Design
b) Sampling
c) Data collection
d) Random assignment
23)
If the standard error of the population is reduced by 50 per cent, the sample size becomes
a) Double
b) Increase 6 times
c) Increase 4 times
d) None of the above 24)
Which type of sampling Mr. Weber use to draw a sample that is not biased?
a) Non-probability
b) Concurrent c) Random
d) None of the above
25) Which of the following is not likely to be used to stratify a sample for a study investigating the
use of a computerised algebra program?
a) Gender
b) Ethnicity
c) Socio-economic status
d) Number of siblings in the home
26) Which of the following is not a random sampling technique?
a)
Purposive sampling b) Stratified Sampling
c) Cluster sampling
d) Systematic sampling
1) b
2) a
3) b
4) d
5) d
6) d
7)c
8) c
9) c
10) d
13) b
14) d
15) b
16) b
17) c
18) b
19) c
21) c
22) b
23) c
24) c
25) d
26) a
Ans:
1) Which analysis is related with descriptive analysis?
a) Univariate Analysis
b) Bivariate Analysis
c) Multivariate Analysis
d) All of the above
2) Involves the orderly and systematic representation of numerical data in a form designed to
elucidate the problem under consideration
a) Coding
b) Classification
c) Editing
d) Tabulation
3) Which frequency expresses the number of items in an interval as a proportion or fraction of the
total number of items in the data set?
a) Relative frequency
b) Percentage Frequency
c) Cumulative frequency
d) None of the above
4) Which steps involves in processing operations of data after collection of data?
a) Coding
b) Classification
c) Editing
d) Tabulation
5) Which is type of frequency distribution?
a) Continuous or grouped frequency distribution
b) Discrete or ungrouped frequency distribution
c) Cumulative Frequency Distribution
d) All of the above
6) One where measurements are only approximations and are expressed in class intervals ie within
certain limits is
a) Continuous Frequency Distribution
b) Discrete Frequency Distribution
c) Cumulative Frequency Distribution
d) All of these Frequency Distribution
7) In which Graphical Representation, way of preparing a two-dimensional diagram is in the form of
circles?
a) Pie Chart
b) Histogram
c) Candle Stick d) None of the above
8) In which analysis, when there is a single measurement of each of the n sample objects or where
there are several measurements of each of the n observations but each variable is analysed in
isolation?
a) Univariate Analysis
b) Bivariate Analysis
c) Multivariate Analysis
d) None of these
9) If a group of N observations is arranged in ascending or descending order of magnitude, then the
middle value is called
a) Mean
b) Median
c) Mode
d) None of these
10) Which is the type of correlation on the basis of number of variables?
a) Positive correlation b) Multiple correlation
c) Linear Correlation
d) Non-linear Correlation
11) Which characteristics come under Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation? a) Does not tell
anything about cause-and-effect relationship
b) Independent of change of origin and scale
c) Varies between -1 and +1
d) All of the above
12) If one knows that the yield and rainfall are closely related then one want to know the amount of
rain required to achieve a certain production. For this purpose we use analysis
a)
Regression Analysis
b) Coefficient of Correlation
c) Scatter Plots/Diagram
d) None of these
13) When two attributes are present or absent together in the data and actual frequency is more
than the expected frequency is called
a) Positive Association b) Negative Association
c) Independent Association
d) None of these
14) Which is not type of test of significance for small sample ?
a) t- test
b) z-test
c) F-test
15)Which test is the part of the parametric test?
a) Sign Test
b) Run Test for Randomness
c) Kruskal-Willis Test
d) z-test
16)
17) Which analysis comes under inferential analysis?
a) Univariate Analysis
b) Bivariate Analysis
d) Q-test
c) Multivariate Analysis
d) Hypothesis Testing
18) The procedure of classifying the answers to a question into meaningful categories is called
a) Coding
b) Classification
c) Editing
d) Tabulation
19) Which of the following constitute the essential elements of coding ?
a) Mutually exclusive b) Single Dimension
among the following is type of frequency?
c) Code Sheet
a) Relative frequency
b) Percentage frequency
c) Cumulative frequency
d) All of the above
d) all of these 20) Which
21) A bar chart or graph showing the frequency of occurrence of each value of the variable being
analysed is called
a) Bar Chart
b) Histogram
c) Candle stick d) None of these
22) A chart is a style of bar-chart used primary to describe price movements of a security, derivative,
or currency over time is called
a) Leaf and stem
b) Histogram
c) Candle Stick d) Bar chart
23) A group of observations is the quotient obtained by dividing the sum of all the observations by
their number, is called
a) Mean
b) Median
c) Mode
d) None of these
24) Which analysis is the simultaneous analysis of two variables?
b) Bivariate Analysis
c) Multivariate Analysis
a) Univariate Analysis
d) None of these
25) Which Statistical tool comes under Bivariate Analysis ?
a) Linear Regression Analysis
b) Association of Attributes
c) Two-way ANOVA
d) All of the above
26) The assumption of normal distribution for the variable under consideration or some assumption
for a parametric test is not valid or is doubtful then we use
a) Parametric Test
b) Non-Parametric Test
c) Both Parametric Test and Non-Parametric Test
d) All of the above
27) What is abbreviation of ANOVA?
a) Analysis of variance b) Analysis of variation
c) Analysis of variant
d) None of these
ANS
1)d 2)d 3)a 4)c 5)d 6)a 7)a 8)a 9)b 10)b 11)d 12)a 13)a 14)d 15)d 16)b 17)d 18)a
19)d 20)d
21)b
22)c
23)a
24)b
25)d
26)b
27)a
1. Research is
(A) Searching again and again
(B) Finding solution to any problem
(C) Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem
(D) None of the above
2. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
(A) Searching sources of information to locate problem.
(B) Survey of related literature
(C) Identification of problem
(D) Searching for solutions to the problem
3. A common test in research demands much priority on
(A) Reliability
(B) Usability
(C) Objectivity
(D) All of the above
4. Action research means
(A) A longitudinal research
(B) An applied research
(C) A research initiated to solve an immediate problem
(D) A research with socioeconomic objective
5. A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal
statement is called
(A) Deductive Reasoning
(B) Inductive Reasoning
(C) Abnormal Reasoning
(D) Transcendental Reasoning
6. The essential qualities of a researcher are
(A) Spirit of free enquiry
(B) Reliance on observation and evidence
(C) Systematization or theorizing of knowledge
(D) All the above
7. In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis” is followed by
(A) Statement of Objectives
(B) Analysis of Data
(C) Selection of Research Tools
(D) Collection of Data
8. A research paper is a brief report of research work based on
(A) Primary Data only
(B) Secondary Data only
(C) Both Primary and Secondary Data
(D) None of the above
9. An appropriate source to find out descriptive information is................ .
(A) Bibliography
(B) Directory
(C) Encyclopedia
(D) Dictionary
10. “Controlled Group” is a term used in.............. .
(A) Survey research
(B) Historical research
(C) Experimental research
(D) Descriptive research
11. Testing hypothesis is a
(A) Inferential statistics
(B) Descriptive statistics
(C) Data preparation
(D) Data analysis
12. The method that consists of collection of data through observation and experimentation,
formulation and testing of hypothesis is called
(A) Empirical method
(B) Scientific method
(C) Scientific information
(D) Practical knowledge
(E)
13. Information acquired by experience or experimentation is called as
(A) Empirical
(B) Scientific
(C) Facts
(D) Scientific evidences
14. “All living things are made up of cells. Blue whale is a living being. Therefore blue whale is
made up of cells”. The reasoning used here is
(A) Inductive
(B) Deductive
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypothetic-Deductive
15. The reasoning that uses general principle to predict specific result is called
(A) Inductive
(B) Deductive
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypothetic-Deductive
16. All research process starts with
(A) Hypothesis
(B) Experiments to test hypothesis
(C) Observation
(D) All of these
17. The quality of a research study is primarily assessed on:
(A) The place of publication.
(B) The ways in which the recommendations are implemented
(C) The rigor with which it was conducted
(D) The number of times it is replicated.
18. Which of the following is not an appropriate source for academic research?
(A) An online encyclopedia
(B) A government-based research organization database
(C) A peer reviewed journal article
(D) A text book
19. 'Research methodology' refers to:
(A) The sampling technique
(B) The tools that the researcher use
(C) The chain of association between the research question and the research design
(D) Qualitative methods
20. A researcher should:
(A) Be constrained by the research of others
(B) Use even anonymous sources if they appear relevant
(C) Use only sources that appear credible
21. Research is
(A) A purposeful, systematic activity
(B) Primarily conducted for purely academic purposes
(C) Primarily conducted to answer questions about practical issues
(D) A random, unplanned process of discovery
22. When conducting a review of literature on a particular subject, the researcher should
(A) Read all available material on the subject
(B) Read the whole journal article and then decide whether or not it is useful
(C) Read strategically and critically
(D) Read fully only those texts that appear to agree with his/her point of view
23. The two main styles of research are
(A) Data collection and data coding
(B) Surveys and questionnaires
(C) Sampling and recording
(D) Qualitative and quantitative
24. Qualitative research is:
(A) Not as rigorous as quantitative research
(B) Primarily concerned with the collection and analysis of numerical data
(C) Primarily concerned with in-depth exploration of phenomena
(D) Primarily concerned with the quality of the research
25. Quantitative research involves
(A) Interviewing people to find out their deeply held views about issues
(B) Collecting data in numerical form
(C) More rigor than qualitative research
(D) Interviewing every member of the target population
26. What is the basis of the scientific method
(A) To test hypothesis in conditions that are conducive to its success
(B) To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis
(C) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions
that challenge the hypothesis
(D) To test hypothesis and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely
27. Of all the steps in the research process, the one that typically takes the most time is
(A) Data collection
(B) Formulating the problem
(C) Selecting a research method
(D) Developing a hypothesis
28. The concepts in a hypothesis are stated as
(A) Variables
(B) Theories
(C) Indices
(D) Ideas
29. In order for a variable to be measured, a researcher must provide a
(A) Operational definition
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Theory
(D) Scale
30. Which of the following was not identified as a major research design?
(A) secondary research
(B) Surveys
(C) Field Research
(D) ethnography
31. When a number of researchers use the same operational definition to measure a variable and
achieve the same results, the measure is said to be
(A) Instrumental
(B) Reliable
(C) Valid
(D) Factual
32. There are various types of research designed to obtain different types of information. What
type of research is used to define problems and suggest hypotheses?
(A) Descriptive Research
(B) Primary research
(C) Secondary research
(D) Causal research
33. What type of research would be appropriate in the following situation?
Nestlé wants to investigate the impact of children on their parents' decisions to buy
breakfast foods.
(A) Quantitative research.
(B) Qualitative research
(C) Secondary Research
(D) Mixed methodology
34. What type of research would be appropriate in the following situation?
A college or university bookshop wants to get some insights into how students feel about the
shop's merchandise, prices and service.
(A) Secondary data
(B) Qualitative research
(C) Focus groups
(D) Quantitative research
35. The Internet is a powerful mechanism for conducting research. However it does have its
drawbacks. Which of the following signify these drawbacks?
(A) The possible inclusion of individuals not being targeted, that could skew the results
(B) Lack of information about the population responding to the questionnaire.
(C) Eye contact and body language, (two useful research indicators) are excluded from the
analysis
(D) All of the above
36. _____________ research is the gathering of primary data by watching people.
(A) Experimental
(B) Causal
(C) Informative
(D) Observational
37. Which is the best type of research approach for gathering causal information?
(A) Observational
(B) Informative
(C) Experimental
(D) Survey
38. The outcome of what is being measured is termed:
(A) Independent Variable
(B) Dependent Variable
(C) Predictor variable
(D) Hypothetical Variable
39. Which of the following would occur in a longitudinal study:
(A) Measures are taken from different participants over an extended period of time
(B) Participation is expected to last for a minimum of 24 hours
(C) Measures are taken from same participants on different occasions usually over
extended period of time
(D) Measures are taken from participants in at least 6 different countries
w
40. Endeavors to explain, predict, and/or control phenomena are the goal of
(A) Scientific method
(B) Tradition
(C) Inductive logic
(D) Deductive logic
41. Ms. Casillas has been coordinating the Halloween Festival at her school for the last several
years. She wants to be sure the students and parents enjoy the festival again this year. On which
source is she LEAST likely to rely when making decisions about what to do?
(A) Tradition
(B) Research
(C) Personal experience
(D) Expert opinion
42. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowing because it is more
(A) Reliable
(B) Systematic
(C) Accurate
(D) All of these
43. Which of the following steps of the scientific method is exemplified by the researcher
reviewing the literature and focusing on a specific problem that has yet to be resolved?
(A) Describe the procedures to collect information
(B) Identify a topic.
(C) Analyze the collected information
(D) State the results of the data analysis
44. Which of the following is the LEAST legitimate research problem? The purpose of this study
is to
(A) understand what it means to be a part of a baseball team at a high school known for its
championship teams.
(B) study whether physical education should be taught in elementary parochial schools.
(C) examine the relationship between the number of hours spent studying and students test scores
(D) examine the effect of using advanced organizers on fifth grade students reading
comprehension
45. The research process is best described as a
(A) Method to select a frame of reference
(B) Set of rules that govern the selection of subjects
(C) Series of steps completed in a logical order
(D) Plan that directs the research design
46. A research proposal is best described as a
(A) Framework for data collection and analysis
(B) Argument for the merit of the study
(C) Description of how the researcher plans to maintain an ethical perspective during the study
(D) Description of the research process for a research project
47. The purpose of a literature review is to:
(A) Use the literature to identify present knowledge and what is unknown
(B) Assist in defining the problem and operational definition
(C) Identify strengths and weaknesses of previous studies
(D) All of the above
48. The statement 'To identify the relationship between the time the patient spends on the
operating table and the development of pressure ulcers' is best described as a research:
(A) Objective
(B) Aim
(C) Question
(D) Hypothesis
49. An operational definition specifies
(A) The data analysis techniques to be used in the study
(B) The levels of measurement to be used in the study
(C) How a variable or concept will be defined and measured in the study
(D) How the outcome of the research objectives for the study will be measured
50. A statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables is known as the:
(A) Concept definition
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Problem statement
(D) Research question
51. There is no difference in the incidence of phlebitis around intravenous cannulae changed
every 72 hours and those changed at 96 hours' is an example of a:
(A) Null hypothesis
(B) Directional hypothesis
(C) Non-directional hypothesis
(D) Simple hypothesis
52. Which of the following statements meets the criteria for a researchable question?
(A) Is the use of normal saline to cleanse wounds harmful to patients?
(B) Do generalist registered nurses meet the mental health needs of general patients?
(C) Do palliative care patients have spiritual needs?
(D) What are the patients perceptions of the effectiveness of pre-operative education for
total hip replacement?
53. The researcher needs to clearly identify the aim of the study; the question to be answered; the
population of interest; information to be collected, and feasibility in order to decide on the
research
(A) Design and method
(B) Design and assumptions
(C) Purpose and data analysis
(D) Purpose and assumptions
54. A variable that changes due to the action of another variable is known as the
(A) Independent variable
(B) Extraneous variable
(C) Complex variable
(D) Dependent Variable
55. When planning to do social research, it is better to
(A) Approach the topic with an open mind
(B) Do a pilot study before getting stuck into it
(C) Be familiar with the literature on the topic
(D) Forget about theory because this is a very practical undertaking
56. Which comes first, theory or research?
(A) Theory because otherwise you are working in the dark
(B) Research because that is only the way you can develop a theory
(C) It depends on your point of view
(D) The question is meaningless, because you cannot have one without the other
57. We review the relevant literature to know
(A) What is already known about the topic
(B) What concepts and theories have been applied to the topic
(C) Who are the key contributors to the topic
(D) All of the above
58. A deductive theory is one that:
(A) Allows theory to emerge out of the data
(B) Involves testing an explicitly defined hypothesis
(C) Allows for findings to feed back into the stock of knowledge
(D) Uses qualitative methods whenever possible
59. Which of the following is not a type of research question?
(A) Predicting an outcome
(B) Evaluating a phenomenon
(C) Developing good practice
(D) A hypothesis
60. Because of the number of things that can go wrong in research there is a need for:
(A) Flexibility and Perseverance
(B) Sympathetic supervisors
(C) An emergency source of finance
(D) Wisdom to know the right time to quit
61. __________ research seeks to investigate an area that has been under researched with
preliminary data that helps shape the direction for future research.
(A) Descriptive
(B) Exploratory
(C) Explanatory
(D) Positivist
62. Research questions in qualitative studies typically begin with which of the following words?
(A) Why
(B) How
(C) What
(D) All of the above
63. Qualitative researchers seek to analyze which of the following?
(A) Numerical data derived from the frequency of particular behaviors
(B) Statistical associations between variables
(C) The social meaning people attribute to their experiences and circumstances
(D) All of the above
64 . Which of the following is not a qualitative research methodology?
(A) Randomized control trial
(B) Ethnography
(C) Grounded Theory
(D) Phenomenology
65. Which of the following data collecting methods is not normally used in qualitative research?
(A) Participant observation
(B) Focus groups
(C) Questionnaire
(D) Semi-structured interview
66. The following journal article would be an example of --------- research.
“ The benefits of florescent lighting on production in a factory setting”
(A) Applied
(B) Basic
(C) Interview
(D) Stupid
67. The scientific method is preferred over other ways of knowing because it is more
(A) Reliable
(B) Systematic
(C) Accurate
(D) All of the above
68. Quantitative researcher’s preoccupation with generalization is an attempt to:
(A) Develop the law like findings of the natural sciences
(B) Boost their chances of publication
(C) Enhance the internal validity of the research
(D) Demonstrate the complex techniques of statistical analysis
69. What is the basis of the scientific method?
(A) To test hypotheses in conditions that are conducive to its success
(B) To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis
(C) To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions
that challenge the hypothesis
(D) To test hypotheses and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely
70. A literature review requires
(A) Planning
(B) Clear writing
(C) Good writing
(D) All of the above
71. The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the
(A) Conceptual understanding
(B) Dictionary meaning
(C) Operational definition
(D) All of the above
72. Which of the following is the BEST hypothesis?
(A) Students taking formative quizzes will perform better on chapter exams than students not
taking these quizzes
(B) Taller students will have higher test scores than shorter students
(C) Students taught in a cooperative group setting should do better than students in a
traditional class
(D) Students using laptops will do well
73. Which of the following is the best hypothesis statement to address the research question?
“What impact will the new advertising campaign have on use of brand B”?
(A) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B image
(B) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B image trial
(C) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B usage at the expense of brand C
(D) The new advertising campaign will impact brand B’s market penetration
74. Qualitative and quantitative research are the classifications of research on the basis of
(A) Use of the research
(B) Time dimension
(C) Techniques used
(D) Purpose of the research
75. Rationalism is the application of
(A) Research Solution
(B) Logic and arguments
(C) Reasoning
(D) Previous findings
76. Why do you need to review the existing literature?
(A) To give your dissertation a proper academic appearance with lots of references
(B) Because without it, you could never reach the required word count
(C) To find out what is already known about your area of interest
(D) To help in your general studying
77. The application of the scientific method to the study of business problems is called
(A) Inductive reasoning
(B) Deductive reasoning
(C) Business research
(D) Grounded Theory
78. An operational definition
(A) One that bears no relation to the underlying concept
(B) An abstract, theoretical definition of a concept
(C) A definition of a concept in terms of specific, empirical measures
(D) One that refers to opera singers and their work
79. According to empiricism, which of the following is the ultimate source of all our concepts
and knowledge?
(A) Perceptions
(B) Theory
(C) Sensory experiences
(D) Logics and arguments
80. Which of the following is most beneficial to read in an article?
(A) Methods
(B) Introduction
(C) Figures
(D) References
81. Which of the following is not a function of clearly identified research questions?
(A) They guide your literature search
(B) They keep you focused throughout the data collection period
(C) They make the scope of your research as wide as possible
(D) They are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
82. Hypothesis refers to
A. The outcome of an experiment
B. A conclusion drawn from an experiment
C. A form of bias in which the subject tries to outguess the experimenter
D. A tentative statement about the relationship
83. Statistics is used by researchers to
A. Analyze the empirical data collected in a study
B. Make their findings sound better
C. Operationally define their variables
D. Ensure the study comes out the way it was intended
84. A literature review is based on the assumption that
A. Copy from the work of others
B. Knowledge accumulates and learns from the work of others
C. Knowledge disaccumulates
D. None of the above option
85. A theoretical framework
A. Elaborates the researchers among the variables
B. Explains the logic underlying these researchers
C. Describes the nature and direction of the researchers
D. All of the above
86. Which of the following statement is not true?
A. A research proposal is a document that presents a plan for a project
B. A research proposal shows that the researcher is capable of successfully conducting
the proposed research project
C. A research proposal is an unorganized and unplanned project
D. A research proposal is just like a research report and written before the research
Project
87. Preliminary data collection is a part of the
A. Descriptive research
B. Exploratory research
C. Applied research
D. Explanatory research
88. Conducting surveys is the most common method of generating
A. Primary data
B. Secondary data
C. Qualitative data
D. None of the above
89. After identifying the important variables and establishing the logical reasoning in
Theoretical framework, the next step in the research process is
A. To conduct surveys
B. To generate the hypothesis
C. To focus group discussions
D. To use experiments in an investigation
90. The appropriate analytical technique is determined by
A. The research design
B. Nature of the data collected
C. Nature of the hypothesis
D. Both A & B
91. Discrete variable is also called……….
A. Categorical variable
B. Discontinuous variable
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
92. “Officers in my organization have higher than average level of commitment” Such a
hypothesis is an example of……….
A. Descriptive Hypothesis
B. Directional Hypothesis
C. Relational Hypothesis
D. All of the above
93. ‘Science’ refers to……….
A. A system for producing knowledge
B. The knowledge produced by a system
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
94. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of scientific method?
A. Deterministic
B. Rationalism
C. Empirical
D. Abstraction
95. The theoretical framework discusses the interrelationships among the……….
A. Variables
B. Hypothesis
C. Concept
D. Theory
96. ………research is based on naturalism.
A. Field research
B. Descriptive research
C. Basic research
D. Applied research
97. Rationalism is the application of which of the following?
A. Logic and arguments
B. Research solution
C. Reasoning
D. Previous findings
98- On which of the following, scientific knowledge mostly relies?
A. Logical understanding
B. Identification of events
C. Prior knowledge
D. All of the given options
99- Which of the following refers to research supported by measurable
evidence?
A. Opinion
B. Empiricism
C. Speculation
D. Rationalism
100. Research method is applicable in all of the following fields, EXCEPT;
A. Health care
B. Religion
C. Business
D. Government offices
101. All of the following are true statements about action research, EXCEPT;
A. Data are systematically analyzed
B. Data are collected systematically
C. Results are generalizable
D. Results are used to improve practice
102.Which of the following is characteristic of action research?
A. Variables are tightly controlled
B. Results are generalizable
C. Data are usually qualitative
D. Results demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships
103. “Income distribution of employees” in a specific organization is an example of which of
following type of variable?
A. Discontinuous variable
B. Continuous variable
C. Dependent variable
D. Independent variable
104.“There is no relationship between higher motivation level and higher efficiency” is an
example of which type of hypothesis?
A. Alternative
B. Null
C. Co relational
D. Research
105. Which of the following is not a role of hypothesis?
A. Guides the direction of the study
B. Determine feasibility of conducting the study
C. Identifies relevant and irrelevant facts
D. Provides framework for organizing the conclusions
106. Which of the following is not the source for getting information for exploratory
research?
A. Content analysis
B. Survey
C. Case study
D. Pilot study
107. Which of the following is the main quality of a good theory?
A. A theory that has survived attempts at falsification
B. A theory that is proven to be right
C. A theory that has been disproved
D. A theory that has been falsified
108. A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is known as:
A. Discontinuous variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Independent variable
D. Intervening variable
109. Internal validity refers to.
a. Researcher’s degree of confidence.
b. Generalisability
c. Operationalization
d. All of the above
110. In ___________, the researcher attempts to control and/ or manipulate the variables in
the study.
a. Experiment
b. Hypothesis
c. Theoretical framework
d. Research design
111. In an experimental research study, the primary goal is to isolate and identify the effect
produced by the ____.
a. Dependent variable
b. Extraneous variable
c. Independent variable
d. Confounding variable
112. A measure is reliable if it provides consistent ___________.
a. Hypothesis
b. Results
c. Procedure
d. Sensitivity
113. ______ is the evidence that the instrument, techniques, or process used to measure
concept does indeed measure the intended concepts.
a. Reliability
b. Replicability
c. Scaling
d. Validity
114. Experimental design is the only appropriate design where_________ relationship can
be established.
a. Strong
b. Linear
c. Weak
d. Cause and Effect
115. In which one of the following stage researcher consult the literature?
a. Operation test
b. Response analysis survey
c. Document design analysis
d. Pretest interviews
116. Two variables may be said to be causally related if
a.they show a strong positive correlation.
b.all extraneous variables are controlled, and the independent variable creates consistent
differences in behavior of the experimental group.
c.they are observed to co-vary on many separate occasions.
d.they have been observed in a laboratory setting.
117. Theories explain results, predict future outcomes, and
a.rely only on naturalistic observations.
b.guide research for future studies.
c.rely only on surveys.
d.rely only on case studies.
118. Characteristics of the scientific method include
a. anecdotal definition.
b. controlled observation.
c. analysis formulation.
d. adherence to inductive thinking or common sense reasoning.
119. A scientific explanation that remains tentative until it has been adequately tested is called
a(n)
a.theory.
b.law.
c.hypothesis.
d.experiment.
120. The phrase "a theory must also be falsifiable" means
a.researchers misrepresent their data.
b.a theory must be defined so it can be disconfirmed.
c.theories are a rich array of observations regarding behavior but with few facts to support them.
d.nothing.
121. The products of naturalistic observation are best described in terms of
a.explanation.
b.theory.
c.prediction.
d.description.
122. A psychologist watches the rapid eye movements of sleeping subjects and wakes them to
find they report that they were dreaming. She concludes that dreams are linked to rapid eye
movements. This conclusion is based on
a.pure speculation.
b.direct observation.
c.deduction from direct observation.
d.prior prediction.
123. We wish to test the hypothesis that music improves learning. We compare test scores of
students who study to music with those who study in silence. Which of the following is an
extraneous variable in this experiment?
a.the presence or absence of music
b.the students' test scores
c.the amount of time allowed for the studying
d.silence
124. An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning. Two groups
study the same material, one while listening to music and another without music. The
independent variable is
a.learning.
b.the size of the group.
c.the material studied.
d.music.
125. The most powerful research tool is a (an)
a.clinical study.
b.experiment.
c.survey.
d.correlational study.
126. A major disadvantage of the experimental method is that
a.private funding can never be obtained.
b.APA Ethical Review Committees often do not approve of the research techniques.
c.there is a certain amount of artificiality attached to it.
d.subjects are difficult to find for research projects.
127. In the traditional learning experiment, the effect of practice on performance is investigated.
Performance is the __________ variable.
a.independent
b.extraneous
c.dependent
d.control
128. Collection of observable evidence, precise definition, and replication of results all form the
basis for
a.scientific observation.
b.the scientific method.
c.defining a scientific problem.
d.hypothesis generation.
129. Which of the following is not characteristic of qualitative data?
a. Rich descriptions
b. Concise
c. Voluminous
d. Unorganized
130. An interview conducted by a trained moderator among a small group of respondents in an
unstructured and natural manner is a ---------a. Depth Interview
b. Case Study
c. Focus Group
d. None of the above
131. Which of the following is not a longitudinal study?
a. Cohort Study
b. Trend Study
c. Panel Study
d. Census Study
132. A measure is reliable if it provides consistent -------a. Hypothesis
b. Results
c. Procedure
d. Sensitivity
133. Following are the characteristics of the research except:
a. Systematic
b. Data Based
c. Subjective Approach
d. Scientific Inquiry
134. Which of the following similarity is found in qualitative research and survey research?
a. Examine topics primarily from the participant’s perspectives
b. They are guided by predetermined variables to study
c. They are descriptive research methods
d. Have large sample sizes
135. As a researcher you need not to:
a. Master the literature
b. Take numerous detailed notes
c. Create a bibliography list
d. Learn your findings
136. The final step in the research process is to:
a. Conduct a statistical analysis of data
b. Report the research results
c. Dismantle the apparatus
d. Clean the laboratory
137. The two functions of a research design are
(A) theory testing and model building.
(B) exploratory data collection and hypothesis testing
(C) hypothesis testing and theory testing
(D) exploratory data collection and model building
138. __________ involves evaluating potential explanations for observed behavior
(A) Exploratory data collection
(B) Data analysis
(C) Theory testing
(D) Hypothesis testing
139. In a __________ relationship, changes in one variable produce changes in another..
(A) causal
(B) correlational
(C) confounded
(D) unidirectional
140. The two defining characteristics of experimental research are:
(A) measuring predictor and criterion variables.
(B) random assignment of participants and measuring dependent variables
(C) manipulation of independent variables and control over extraneous variables
(D) random assignment of participants and control over extraneous variables
141. In an experiment on the effects of noise on problem solving, you have some participants
solve a problem while being exposed to noise, whereas other participants do the same problems
while not being exposed to noise. In this example, exposing or not exposing participants to the
noise constitutes a(n).
(A) independent variable
(B) dependent variable
(C) extraneous variable
(D) correlational variable.
142. In an experiment on visual perception, you make sure that your laboratory is the same
temperature and has the same level of lighting throughout the experiment. This is an example of:.
(A) holding extraneous variables constant.
(B) manipulating an independent variable
(C) randomly assigning participants to conditions
(D) ignoring extraneous variables
143 According to your text, extraneous variables can be dealt with in an experiment by.
(A) holding their values constant across conditions
(B) random assignment of subjects to condition
(C) increasing the power of your independent variables
(D) All of the above
(E) Both a and b
144. which of the following is the greatest strength of the experimental approach?
(A) the ability to study relationships under naturally occurring conditions
(B) the ability to identify and describe causal relationships
(C) the ability to generalize results beyond the original research situation
(D) All of the above
145. A disadvantage of the experimental approach is that
(A) you cannot adequately control extraneous variables.
(B) causal relationships among variables cannot be established
(C) your results may have limited generality
(D) All of the above
146. If your experimental design measures what it is intended to measure, we say that the design
has a high level of:
(A) reliability.
(B) internal validity.
(C) ecological validity.
(D) external validity
147. Alternative explanations for the findings of a study that may become viable because of
flaws in the design are termed:
(A) rival hypotheses
(B) experimental hypotheses
(C) theoretical possibilities
(D) goofs
148. Which of the following was listed in your text as a factor affecting external validity?
(A) history
(B) reactive testing
(C) statistical regression
(D) All of the above
149. you would be most concerned with external validity if you were conducting
(A) applied research
(B) basic research
(C) a demonstration
(D) None of the above
150. Power of the test of significance means probability of what?
(a) Incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis
(b) Correct rejection of the null hypothesis
(c) Incorrect acceptance of the null hypothesis
(d) Correct acceptance of the null hypothesis.
151. In evaluating the significance of the research problem, an important social consideration is
(a) The genuine interest of the researcher in the problem.
(b) Practical value of the findings to educationists, parents and social workers, etc.
(c) Necessary skills, abilities and background of knowledge of the researcher.
(d) Possibility of obtaining reliable and valid data by the researchers.
152. Thinking analogously about hypothesis, a researcher should
(a) First bet and then roll the dice.
(b) First roll the dice and then bet.
(c) Change his bet after the data are in.
(d) Have no bets, but dice only.
153. Why is research in education important for teachers?
(a) It adds to their academic qualifications.
(b) It makes them wiser
(c) It makes them better teachers
(d) It enables them to make best possible judgments about what should be taught and how.
154. Action research is ordinarily concerned with problems
(a) Of general nature.
(b) Constituting universal truths.
(c) Are of immediate concern and call for immediate solutions.
(d) Have long-range implications.
155. Which of the following is not a correct statement?
(a) A test can be reliable without being valid
(b) A test cannot be valid without being reliable
(c) A test can be reliable and valid both
(d) A test can be valid without being reliable.
156. Projective technique is used for measuring
(a) Individual’s need for self-actualization.
(b) Individual’s inventoried interests.
(c) Individual’s dominant feelings, emotions, conflicts, needs which are, generally,
repressed by the individual and are stored up in the unconscious mind.
(d) Individual’s value-system.
157.. Which of the following is not a projective technique?
(a) Rorschach
(b) T.A.T.
(c) Sentence-Completion Test
(d) Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI).
158. Which of the following is not measured by the T.A. T. test?
(a) Personality needs
(b) Emotions
(c) Personality adjustment.
(d) Reasoning ability.
159. Which is a projective test?
(a) Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)
(b) Allport Vemon-Lindzey Study of Values.
(c) Rorschach Test
(d) Minnesotta Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).
160. What is a research describing developmental changes in personality characteristics by
studying the same group at different age- levels?
(a) Developmental study
(b) Trend study
(c) Longitudinal growth study
(d) Cross-sectional growth study.
161. What is studying different groups of children of different ages simultaneously and
describing their developmental characteristics?
(a) Longitudinal growth study
(b) Trend study
(c) Time series study
(d) Cross-sectional growth study.
162. When is type-I error increased?
(a) When alpha-level decreases
(b) When alpha-level increases
(c) When the sample size increases
(d) When the sample size decreases.
163. What is the modern method of acquiring knowledge?
(a) Authority
(b) Personal experience
(c) Scientific method
(d) Expert opinion
164. What is NOT the goal of scientific method of acquiring knowledge?
(a) Explanation
(b) Fact-finding
(c) Control
(d) Prediction.
165. Theory, as an aspect of research, does not
(a) Serve as a tool for providing a guiding framework for observation and discovery.
(b) Describe the facts and relationships that exist.
(c) Serve as a goal providing explanation for specific phenomena with maximal probability and
exactitude.
(d) Discard facts, specific and concrete observations.
166. “Theory” helps the researcher in
(a) Understanding the research procedure.
(b) Identifying the facts needed to be considered in the context of the research problem.
(c) Understanding the technical terms used in research.
(d) Determining how to make or record observations.
167. Exploratory investigation of management question adapts the following approaches except
a. Films, photographs, and videotape
b. In-depth interviewing
c. Document analysis
d. Street ethnography
e. Survey method
168. ------------ are Questions the researcher, must answer to satisfactory arrive at a conclusion
about the research question.
a)
Investigate questions
b)
Research question
c)
Measurement question
d)
Fine-tuning the research question
169. research should be _________________
a)
accessible
b)
transparent
c)
transferable
d)
all of the above
170. A ___________________ is conducted to detect weaknesses in research instrument’s
design
a)
Pilot study
b)
Questionnaire
c)
Interview
d)
Sampling
171. What are the two types of arguments
a)
deduction and induction
b)
exploratory and deductive
c)
dejection and injection
d)
none of the above
172. What are the qualities of a good hypothesis
a)
adequate for the purpose
b)
testable
c)
better than its rivals
d)
all of the above
173. Data collection that focuses on providing an accurate description of the variables in a
situation forms the basis of which type of study
a)
exploratory study
b)
descriptive study
c)
causal study
d) All of the above
174. A condition that exists when an instruments measures what it is supposed to measure is
called
a)
validity
b)
accuracy
c)
reliability
d)
none of the above
175. The major disadvantage with in depth interviews is that because of their time consuming
nature it is usually only possible to carry out a relatively small number of such interviews and
as such the results are likely to be highly ____________
a)
subjective
b)
objective
c)
questionable
d)
objectionable
176. A critical review of the information, pertaining to the research study, already available in
various sources is called
a)
b)
c)
d)
Research review
Research design
Data review
Literature review
177. ____________________ presents a problem, discusses related research efforts, outlines the
data needed for solving the data and shows the design used to gather and analyze the data.
a.) Research Question
b.) Research Proposal
c.) Research Design
d.) Research Methodology
178. The purpose of __________________ research is to help in the process of developing a
clear and precise statement of the research problem rather than in providing a definitive answer.
a.) Marketing
b.) Causal
c.) Exploratory
d.) Descriptive
179. A systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of natural phenomena guided
by theory and hypothesis is called _____________
a.) Applied Research
b.) Basic Research
c.) Scientific Research
d.) None Of The Above
180. __________________ is the determination of the plan for conducting the research and as
such it involves the specification of approaches and procedures..
a.) Strategy
b.) Research Design
c.) Hypothesis
d.) Deductive
181. A proposal is also known as a:
a)
Work plan
b)
Prospectus
c)
Outline
d)
Draft plan
e)
All of the above
182. Every research proposal, regardless of length should include two basic sections. They are:
a)
Research question and research methodology
b)
Research proposal and bibliography
c)
Research method and schedule
d)
Research question and bibliography
183. The following are the synonyms for independent variable except
a)
Stimulus
b)
c)
d)
Manipulated
Consequence
Presumed Cause
184. The following are the synonyms for dependent variable except
a)
Presumed effect
b)
Measured Outcome
c)
Response
d)
Predicted from…
185. Which of the following is not a characteristic of research?
a. It requires the collection of new data
b. It is reiterative
c. It requires reasoned arguments to develop conclusions
d. It aims to increase understanding
186. How many stages are there to the research process?
a.5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 8
187. What would NOT be a consideration during the research design stage?
a. The availability of literature
b. The availability of participants
c. The type of methods that would be used
d. The type of analysis that would take place
188. Your conceptual framework is normally developed?
a. Before your literature review
b. During your literature review
c. After data collection
d. After data analysis
190. When assessing a research question, which is not an element of ‘CAFÉ’?
a. Control
b. Access
c.Facilities and resources
d. Expertise
191. What should not be included in a research proposal?
a. A summary of existing work in the area
b. The proposed methods to collect data
c. The results that will be obtained
d. An acknowledgement of any ethical issues
192. Reliability in quantitative research refers to
a. The consistency of any measure
b. The suitability of any measure
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A or B
193. Reliability in qualitative research refers to
a. The consistency of any measure
b. The consistency of the methods used to collect data
c. The suitability of the measure used
d. All of these
194. An experimental research design normally involves
a. Manipulating the independent variable
b. Manipulating the dependent variable
c. A number of repeated measures
d. Data collected over an extended time period
195. Which of the following are not normally a requirement for experimental research design?
a. Demonstrating co variation
b. Demonstrating time order
c. Demonstrating repeated measures
d. Demonstrating non spuriousness