Unit 14:Audio Media and Information
Table of Contents
Introduction
3
Learning Targets
4
Lesson 1: Dimensions of Audio Information and Media
Jump Start
Learn about It!
Check Your Understanding
Explore and Create!
4
5
5
10
11
Lesson 2: Production of Creative Audio-Based Presentations
Jump Start
Learn about It!
Check Your Understanding
Explore and Create!
12
12
12
16
17
Lesson 3: Reliability of Audio Information and Media
Jump Start
Learn about It!
Check Your Understanding
Explore and Create!
18
18
19
22
22
Lesson 4: Evaluation of Creative Audio-Based Presentations
Jump Start
Learn about It!
Check Your Understanding
Explore and Create!
23
23
23
25
26
Let’s Create!
27
Self-Check
29
Wrap Up
30
Bibliography
30
Glossary
32
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GRADE 11/12 |Media and Information Literacy
UNIT 14
Audio Media and Information
Imagine you are inside the cinema to watch your favorite movie. In the middle of a scene,
the audio is suddenly gone. All you can see are moving images. How can you understand the
words uttered by the actors? To understand what they are saying, you may depend on their
actions, expressions, or lip reading. Hence, audio media is important to have the maximized
viewing experience.
Fig. 1.Watching a movie in a cinema
You can hear background music playing while watching a romantic scene, the sound effects that
add suspense and thrill in a horror flick, or the laugh track played while a comic skit is shown.
Audio is a major contributor to the entertainment value of what you are watching. In this unit, we
will learn how audio media and information plays a vital role in communication.
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Learning Targets
In this unit, you should be able to:
● Describe the different dimensions of audio information and media;
● Comprehend how audio information and media is/are formally and informally
produced, organized, and disseminated;
● Evaluate the reliability and validity of audio information and media and its/their
sources using selection criteria; and
● Produce and evaluate a creative audio-based presentation using design principles
and elements.
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Lesson 1: Dimensions of Audio Information
and Media
We use our ears to listen and to hear sounds around us. Without music, how can you dance to the
beat? Without your phone’s ringtone, how will you know that you have a message? Without the
sound of the fire alarm, how will you know that you need to evacuate? Sound is a stimulus and
people respond to it. Sound is something that we cannot see but its impact to our lives is powerful.
Jump Start
Listen and identify the different audio information and media played by your teacher. Share to
the class where and when do you usually hear these.
Suggested audio media and information to identify are the following:
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BetRW_8LJII Driver Gives Way to Ambulance During
Emergency on EDSA
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQcecqZtGvE Philippine Graduation March (a.k.a.
"Martsang Pandangal")
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0CzUY3BylSc MTRCB SPG Rating Filipino Version
"Strong Parental Guidance"
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZLvZXxLtsM Lupang Hinirang (The Philippine
National Anthem) and Philippine Flag
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DaC6EI5Ta0E Cebu City Church Bells Ringing
6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hpZFJctBUHQ&list=PLGNrQjeqb_JpBV-3cp0WQf_UC
GDJPFTi_ Sample Order Taking | Customer Support Philippines
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yMTiL4gkIuI Don't Know What To Say - Ric Segreto
KARAOKE HD
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ME8zjZfP2bE iPhone 6 Plus Original Ringtone
9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0omTyzKWYwI 2016 3rd LEG TRIPLE CROWN
STAKES RACE
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10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y7LIvZJEq5U Waze in Tagalog language - C5 and
Slex route
If the teacher decides to use the suggested Youtube videos, no need to flash the videos to the
class. Just play the audio with good speakers. Make sure that they are audible for everyone.
Learn about It!
We use our eyes to find visual information while our ears for audio information. Listening
and hearing are two concepts often confused by many as the same. Hearing is an
involuntary action of perceiving sound through the ears while listening requires you to pay
attention to find meaning out of what you heard. For example, you “hear” the noise outside the
classroom but you opt to “listen” to your teacher. Active listening requires full concentration on
what is being said with the aid of all your senses.
Fig. 2.A student listens attentively to the teacher despite the outside noise
Audio media refers to the tools and materials used to record, transmit, and reproduce sound for
communication, educational, and entertainment purposes. Audio information reach the wider
audience through broadcasts, recordings, or podcasts.
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History of Audio Media and Information
During the Acoustics Era in 1857, French inventor Edouard-Leon
Scott de Martinville created the phonautograph, a precursor to
Thomas Edison’s phonograph. It is the earliest device known to
record sounds. Then, Scottish-born American scientist and teacher
of the deaf Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876
and refined the phonograph in 1886. Thomas Edison, dubbed as
America’s greatest inventor, is credited for a colossal number of
patents including the phonograph, and carbon microphone.
During the Electrical Era from 1925 to 1945, American electrical
engineering and manufacturing company Western Electric
introduced electronic signal amplifiers. Also, ring-and-spring microphones and electro-acoustic
transducers became common in this time.
The years 1945 to 1975 marked the Magnetic Era.The magnetic tape recording was used in the
radio and music industries. Also, cassettes and cassette players were developed to reduce noise
and hiss in audio production.
Fig. 3.A timeline of audio media and information history
The Digital Era is the fourth and current phase, starting from 1975 to the present. The digital
Compact Discs (CD) had become the standard because of its size, portability, durability, and
storage capacity. Formats such as .mp3 and .wav were used for digital audio recording. Streaming
services such as Pandora, Spotify, and Apple Music now distributes audio media and information
to its consumers. However, due to virtual sharing and the internet,
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unlicensed distribution of digital audio files have been rampant.
Types and Categories of Audio Media and Information
The first type of audio media and information is radio broadcast.It refers to the distribution of live
or recorded audio by transmitting radio waves to cater the mass audience. A
transmitter sends radio waves until it reaches a receiver. In the Philippines, the Kapisanan ng
mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas (KBP)is a broadcast media organization that promotes independent
and free broadcast media, innovations, and responsible broadcasting.
Fig. 5.Radio broadcasting
The second type is music.It refers to sounds produced by instruments or human voice that
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conveys creative expression. Common elements of music include pitch, rhythm, dynamics, and
sonic qualities of timbre and texture. When you watch a movie or a television show, you enjoy
the scene with the addition of a background music. Symphonies, tunes, and songs are all
considered music.
The third type issound recording.It refers to the reproduction of sound waves from a specific
environment. For example, a reporter performs a sound recording of his interview so that he will
not miss any important information for his news report. Also, it makes it possible for him to get a
direct quotation of what his interviewee said.
The fourth type issound clip or sound effect.It refers to any sound aside from music or speech
that is artificially reproduced to make a creative point. Examples of sound effects are
weapons firing, forest sounds, and a thunder sound. A professional sound editorselects and
assembles sound recordings for a specific media production.
Fig. 6.A sound editor
The last type is an audio podcast.It is a portmanteau of the words “iPod” and “broadcast.” It
refers to an audio broadcasting done over the internet. Usually, a podcast has episodes that you
can download in your computer. Some podcast apps that are available to download are
Overcast, Pocket Casts, and Podbean.
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With the internet, the youth are exposed to sharing and creating audio media and information.
Vodcasts (video and broadcast) are shown online and often presented by “social media
influencers.” As a viewer, you must discern what you watch and listen. Be smart with the
information you are getting.
Check Your Understanding
A. Knowledge / Comprehension.
Identify the type of audio media and information.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Statement
It refers to an audio broadcasting done over
the internet.
It refers to any sound aside from music or
speech that is artificially reproduced to make
a creative point.
It refers to the distribution of live or recorded
audio by transmitting radio waves to cater
the mass audience.
It refers to the reproduction of sound waves
from a specific environment.
It refers to sounds produced by instruments
or human voice that conveys creative
expression.
Type
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B. Application.
1. Maricris was assigned to be the sound editor of the class documentary project. Why
should she use sound effects?
2. Mr. Fuentes is involved in a wiretapping incident. He recorded the transaction between
Mr. Policarpio and Mrs. Juego. Is the practice of Mr. Fuentes ethical? Why or why not?
C. Synthesis / Analysis.
1. If you are a broadcaster, how will you promote responsible broadcasting?
2. Why should you check for the validity of licensed audio content?
Explore and Create!
Listen and watch a Youtube video entitled “Sound Test Dolby Atmos 7.1 -9.1 4K HD (UHD)” via
URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jb4GolexHac. Identify the sound effects used. Answer
the question, “How does sound set the mood of your media experience?”.
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Lesson 2: Production of Creative
Audio-Based Presentations
If you plan to present an audio file to your audience, it pays to know the format you are using.
Sometimes, the audio format you download may not be compatible to another device. Also, you
need to be mindful of where you store your audio file.
Jump Start
Find a pair. Identify the storage devices shown by the teacher. List down atleast two pros and cons
of storing audio files in a flash drive, a compact disc (CD), and a cassette tape.
Learn about It!
When you record a sound or edited through a sound mixing
app, you often save your audio file with a filename that ends with
.mp3, .aac, .ogg, .m4a, .wma, .flac, or .wav. These “suffixes,” or file
extensions after the filename is called an audio coding (or
compression) format.It is a content representation format for
storing and transmitting digital audio. There is a
spectrum of audio file formats available. However, the two major audio compression formats are
MP3 and WAV. Although, they may seem similar but they have major observable differences.
The acronym WAV means Waveform Audio File Format.It was developed by Microsoft and IBM
(International Business Machines) in 1991 for Windows 3.1. It is a lossless format, which means
that the audio quality does not suffer. However, WAV files require a large file size. Also, it may be
not compatible to some portable devices and for streaming purposes. It is often used for flash
animations, studio recordings, mastering, and pro-audio applications.
The acronym MP3 means MPEG-2 Audio Layer III. It was developed by Moving Picture Experts
Group. If WAV is a lossless format, MP3 uses lossy compression. It means that audio
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encoding to MP3 entails reducing the audio quality and its file size. Its small file size makes an
MP3 file easy to distribute, upload, and convert over the internet. It remains to be the most popular
audio format because of its compatibility. It is recommended for web pages and web videos.
Different Ways of Storing Audio Media
If you are tasked to make an audio file project, how will you save your work? Will you save it
through a flash drive or upload it in a video streaming website? There are numerous ways of
storing audio media.
Fig. 2.Magnetic tape
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The first method is through a cassette tape. It is based on a
magnetic recording made of long, narrow strips of plastic film. Items
like cassette and VHS tapes provide home entertainment especially
during the 1980s because it is small in size and cheap. It is also,
used in archiving. Editing involves physically cutting the tape then
attaching the portions together with adhesives.
The second is the compact disc (CD).It is a circular object used to
record and playback audio files, and store computer data. Like a
cassette, a CD is small and portable. The drawback of using CDs is
that it is difficulty to change data. ou must be careful when handling
CDs because they easily get scratches that affect
the quality of data stored. You must store a CD in a special case to protect it from dust, dirt, and
scratches.
The third is the thumb drive.It has flash memory that can be connected to a computer or a device
with a USB port. USB stands for Universal Serial Bus.Most computer peripherals like keyboards,
printers, and network adapters are designed with a USB interface to connect to personal
computers. A thumb drive is lightweight, easy to rewrite on and remove data. It is very durable, and
can withstand pressure, extreme temperature, and accidental drops. The usual storage capacity of
most thumb drives available in the market are 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, with up to 512 GB
(gigabytes).
Fig. 3.Miniaturization of memory cards
The fourth is the memory card.It is a cartridge used to store digital information for portable
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devices like digital cameras, cellphones, and alike. The trend for memory cards is miniaturization.
Hence, some memory cards come with adapters. Most memory cards have the same storage
capacity as thumb drives.
The fifth is the hard drive.It is a magnetic storage device that contain moving parts like a spinning
plate and an enclosure. A hard drive has a slower read and write speed than a flash drive but it has
a storage capacity that can hold up to a terabyte or more of data. Also, it is heavy on power
consumption than most storage devices.
Fig. 4.Hard drive
The last method is online storage. It is an increasingly popular way to store data via the internet
or the cloud. It serves as a good back up and commonly used for file sharing. You can easily
upload and download your files. However, extra security and protection must be done since files
saved through the cloud may be accessed by computer hackers.
Media preservation is the practice of collecting, organizing, maintaining, and archiving important
content and records to its best state. An archivist is someone who performs media preservation.
Now, Web 2.0 tools like blogs, wikis, and podcasts are used by archivists.
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Check Your Understanding
A. Recall / Comprehension.
Identify the concept based from the definition.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Definition
It is a circular object used to record and
playback audio files, and store computer
data.
It is an increasingly popular way to store
data via the internet or the cloud.
It has flash memory that can be
connected to a computer or a device with
a USB port.
It is based on a magnetic recording made
of long, narrow strips of plastic film.
It is a cartridge used to store digital
information for portable devices like
digital cameras, cellphones, and alike.
Concept
B. Application.
1.
Regina owns a digital camera. Her friend, Ryle, gave her a memory card as a gift.
However, it does not fit her digital camera because of its small size. What should
Regina do?
2.
Rajelza needs to free up memory space in her phone. She plans to upload her
photos and videos in the cloud. Why should Rajelza be extra cautious in uploading
files in the cloud?
C. Synthesis / Analysis.
1.
How different is a WAV from MP3 file format?
2.
Why should one be aware about the audio compression format they use when saving
audio files?
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Explore and Create!
Form a small group. Draw the future’s storage device. Identify its features. Explain it to the class.
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Lesson 3: Reliability of Audio Information
and Media
Audio information and media are not only limited to sound specialists. Teachers use audio-visual
materials in the classroom. For example, an English teacher uses songs for a listening test. A call
center agent listens to the client’s requests through a phone call. An archivist collects audio files for
storage and restoration. Can you name people who use audio information and media?
Jump Start
Find a pair. Try saying the following lines to your partner:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Mabuhay, thank you for flying ___________.
Arriving at North Avenue Station. Paparating na sa North Avenue Station.
The subscriber cannot be reached, please try again later.
This program is Rated G. Ang susunod na programa ayRated G.
In 200 meters, turn left.
The views and opinions expressed by the hosts do not state or reflect those of the company
and its management.
7. Mahalagang Paalala: Ang
ay hindi gamot at hindi dapat gamiting panggamot sa
anumang uri ng sakit.
8. That time check is brought to you by __________.
9. Please leave a message after the beep.
10. The telephone number you have dialed is not yet in service.
Identify the importance of the lines mentioned. Where do you hear them? What makes these lines
remarkable?
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Learn about It!
Sound refers to a vibrations that reaches our ears. It is a term associated to Physics and
Communication Arts. In junior high school, you probably learned from your teacher about the
prosodic features of speech- pitch, stress, intonation, projection, volume, and juncture.
Sound only has four characteristics. They are volume, tone, pitch, and loudness. Volume refers to
the loudness based from the sound wave’s intensity. Tone refers to the vibration, modulation, and
intonation of sound. Pitch refers to the highness or lowness of sound. Loudness refers to how one
perceives sound pressure.
Fig. 1.An audio console
https://www.prosoundweb.com/images/uploads/LargeAllenHeathGLD112.jpg
An audio console is the primary piece of equipment in an audio studio. Usually, a "board" denotes
the console in an on-air studio of a broadcast studio. The term "mixer" may mean a smaller
console. The three primary functions of a control board is to mix, amplify, and route audio.
Purposes of Using Sound or Audio Media and Information
For Information and Communication
Sound is used for public and electronic communication. Assume
that you are riding an MRT, you will hear, “Arriving at North
Avenue Station.” Through the voice over, it helps the
passengers know the station they are at. Another example is when intercoms serve as a
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messaging platform in shopping malls, grocery stores, or hospitals.
Fig. 2.Ivan Pavlov’s experiment about the theory of classical conditioning
If you remember Ivan Pavlov’s theory of classical conditioning in your Psychology class , he
presented a stimulus through the sound of a metronome and gave the dog food. After repeating
the same action, the dog salivates as a response to the sound. Hence, sound is a form of a
stimulus that creates a certain response. For example, when you are inside a vehicle and you hear
the sound of an ambulance, as the driver must, you must give way to the ambulance because it is
often an emergency. Another example is when you hear the telephone ring, and your immediate
response is to pick up the phone and attend to the caller.
For Entertainment
People have different tastes in music. It is considered as an art form. When you listen to your
favorite music, you may feel relaxed. Sound may either be pleasurable or not. Exposure to sounds
that are not pleasing may bring stress to the listener. For example, hearing beep sounds from
different vehicles while you are stuck in traffic may cause anxiety. Also, if you continuously hear an
off-tune singer, you may get irritated.
Also, sound effects can add realistic value in a recording, but it must be perfectly synced. Radio
broadcasters use sound effects as prompts. In movies and television shows, sound effects aid in
telling their story.
For Education
Teacher use audio media to aid the teaching-learning process. For visual learners, graphic
organizers or infographics are a big help. However, auditory learners benefit through incorporation
of music or listening to songs. A kindergarten teacher may use a downloaded
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audio file of the A-B-C song to help young learners memorize the letters of the alphabet.
Fig. 2.Purpose of Sound for Education
A suggested study strategy is seeking permission from your teacher to record him/her while he/she
delivers a lecture. When you miss a certain part of the lesson or you find something confusing, you
can just listen to the recording again.
If you want to familiarize yourself to a certain reading selection in your Literature class, you can
search for an audio version of an e-book that you can listen to anytime. Also, you can look for
podcasts available in the internet depending on your interests and subject area.
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Check Your Understanding
A. Recall / Comprehension.
Identify the concept based from the definition.
1.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Definition
It refers to how one perceive sound
pressure
It refers to the vibration, modulation, and
intonation of sound.
It refers to a vibration that reaches the
ears.
It refers to the loudness based from the
sound wave’s intensity.
It refers to the highness or lowness of
sound.
Concept
B. Application.
1.
Teacher Olive uses audio recordings about interviews about Philippine presidents in
her Social Science class. What type of learner best benefits her teaching method?
2.
The listeners complains that the music is too loud. They want it to be lowered. What
should be adjusted?
C. Synthesis / Analysis.
1.
How is audio media helpful for teachers?
2.
Why is an audio console important for a sound specialist?
Explore and Create!
Form a small group. Interview a sound specialist, sound mixer, sound engineer, or sound editor.
Ask questions about how audio information and media is created.
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Lesson 4: Evaluation of Creative
Audio-Based Presentations
The Academy Awards is an annual award giving body for movies. It is also known as the Oscars.
Besides acknowledging the best actors, directors, and movies, categories like Best Sound Mixing
and Best Sound Editing recognizes the aesthetic value of audio media in motion pictures. Imagine
watching a movie without sounds. How will you fully appreciate the movie?
Jump Start
Watch the trailers of the films that won the Oscars for Best Sound Mixing and Best Sound Editing.
Based from the trailers, identify factors that made the films receive such recognition. Do you think
that the two winners deserve the award than the nominees? Why or why not?
Learn about It!
Sound editing and sound mixing are two terms that is often
confused by most people. Sound editing happens when a
supervisor (1) approves the sound effects and their specific
placement in the film, (2) coordinates the creation of newly designed
sound and Foley effects, and the editing of dialogue
and automated dialogue replacement (ADR). The sound editor
oversees the recording of the pre-dubs and must be present at the final mix. Sound mixing occurs
when a sound mixer points out what music or sound needs to be used to give emphasis on certain
scenes for the audience to fully understand the message.
Hence, a sound editor is responsible for the sound elements like dialogue, sound effects,
automated dialogue replacement, among others while a sound mixer is like a conductor who
brings all these elements together.
Both sound editors and sound mixers work with the elements of sound design which are the
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dialogues, sound effects, music, and even silence.
Principles of Sound Design
An audio console is used to mix two or more sound elements together. Principles of sound design
include mixing, pace, transition, and stereo imaging.
First principle of sound design is mixing.It refers to combining multiple sounds and blending them
together. Volume, frequency, and other elements are enhanced and manipulated in this principle.
The second principle is pace.It refers to controlling the time to either speed up or slow down the
sound produced.
The third principle is transition.It refers to the change from one segment or clip to another. Sound
transitions that are frequently used frequently in audio production work are fade-in,
fade-out, cross-fade, and segue. Fade is the gradual increase or decrease in volume, and mixing
one element with silence. A fade-in refers to a slow increase of volume from silence to the desired
level, while fade-out happens as a shift from full volume to silence. A cross-fade happens when
one element is faded down as another sound is faded up. A segue is the transition from one
element to another without overlap or gap.
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Fig. 2.Sound Transitions
The last element is stereo imaging.It refers to how sound is perceived in spatial areas of the
source for depth. To achieve good stereo imaging, you must create balance and contrast. Use
small delay times. Filters help widen your sounds. Also, you can use chorus, unison, and stereo
detune for modulation effects.
After sound editing and mixing the same audio media repeatedly, you may experience listening
fatigue.It is a phenomenon that happens after long exposures to the same sound. Take a break
and return to your activity once you are fine.
Check Your Understanding
A. Recall / Comprehension.
Identify the concept based from the definition.
Definition
1. It It refers to the change from one
segment or clip to another.
2. It is the transition from one element to
another without overlap or gap.
Concept
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3. It refers to how sound is perceived in spatial
areas of the source for depth.
4. It refers to combining multiple sounds and
blending them together.
5. It refers to controlling the time of the sound
either speeding it up or slowing it down.
B. Application.
1.
Trish, a budding director, is looking for someone to weave all the sound elements in
her thesis film. Should she look for a sound editor or a sound mixer? Why?
2.
DJ Call Id blends tracks with sound effects. What are the processes involved in this?
C. Synthesis / Analysis.
1.
How different is sound editing from sound mixing?
2.
How can one avoid listening fatigue?
Explore and Create!
Create a radio drama script as a springboard for your performance task. It must be at least five
minutes long. Include the elements and principles of sound in the script. The best script shall be
used for each group.
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Let’s Create!
RADIO DRAMA
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Criteria
Beginning
(0-12 points)
Developing
(13-16 points)
Accomplishe
d (17-20
points)
Score
Content
(Focus on details/events are
clearly evident; it is clearly
related to the topic.)
Organization
(Logical progression of
details/events; clear
transitions between ideas.
Conventions
(spelling, mechanics,
grammar and usage)
Length of Video
(Time does not exceed
three minutes)
Audio Element
(Sound is audible; music
and sound effects do not
overpower narration; has
smooth transitions.)
Storytelling
(It has clear visualization
through words; it has
strong impact to the
audience; use of
appropriate language and
theme are followed.)
Total Score:
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Self-Check
Skills
I think I need more
time and assistance.
I have a minimal
understanding of it.
I am confident that I
can do this with ease.
I can describe the
different dimensions
of audio information
and media.
I can comprehend
how audio
information and
media is/are formally
and informally
produced, organized,
and disseminated.
I can evaluate the
reliability and validity
of audio information
and media and
its/their sources
using selection
criteria.
I can produce and
evaluate a creative
audio-based
presentation using
design principles and
elements.
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Wrap Up
● One should listen before speaking to avoid miscommunication. That is the reason why man
has two ears and one mouth.
● Audio media and information is used for information (broadcasters share live news update),
education (teachers use audio-visual materials in the classroom), communication (a call
center agent talks to a client via phone call), among others.
● We must assess what is heard before making conclusions to avoid hasty generalization and
quick judgment.
● Audio media and information appeals to more retention of information than using visual
elements only.
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Valans, Mo. How to Boost Your Audio's Stereo Image.July 6, 2009.
https://music.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-boost-your-audios-stereo-image--audio-16 12.
Wilson, Carolyn, Alton Grizzle, Ramon Tuazon, Kwame Akyempong, and Chi-Kim
Cheung. Media and Information Literacy Curriculum for Teachers. Paris: United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2011.
Zabowski, Jason. WAV vs. MP3 - what are these formats and which one to pick for everyday use?.
2018.https://vox.rocks/resources/wav-vs-mp3.
Recommended Link for This Unit:
Casey, Mike and Gordon, Bruce. Sound DIrections: Best Practices for Audio Preservation. 2007.
http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/projects/sounddirections/papersPresent/sd_bp_07.pdf.
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Glossary
Active listening- requires full concentration on what is being said with the aid of all senses
Audio coding (or compression) format- is a content representation format for storing and
transmitting digital audio
Audio console- is the primary piece of equipment in an audio studio used to mix, amplify, and
route audio
Audio media- are the tools and materials used to record, transmit, and reproduce sound for
communication, educational, and entertainment purposes
Audio information- reach the wider audience through broadcasts, recordings, or podcasts
Audio podcast- is an audio broadcasting over the internet
Compact disc (CD)- is a circular object used to record and playback audio files, and store
computer data
Hard drive- is a magnetic storage device that contain moving parts like a spinning plate and an
enclosure
Hearing- is an involuntary action of perceiving sound through the ears
Listening- requires one to pay attention to find meaning out of what you heard
Listening fatigue- is a phenomenon that happens after long exposure to sound
Loudness- is the perception of sound pressure
Media preservation- is the practice of collecting, organizing, maintaining, and archiving
important content and records to its best state
Memory card- is a cartridge used to store digital information for portable devices like digital
cameras, cellphones, and alike
Mixing- is combining multiple sounds and blending them together
Music- is the sound produced by instruments or voice that conveys creative expression
Online storage- is an increasingly popular way to store data via the internet or cloud
Pace- is controlling time either speeding up or slowing down
Pitch- the highness or lowness of sound
Radio broadcast- the distribution of live or recorded audio by transmitting radio waves to cater
the mass audience
Sound- is a vibration that reaches the ears
Sound clip/effect- is any sound besides music or speech that is artificially reproduced to
make a creative point
Sound editing- occurs when a supervisor approves the sound effects and their specific
placement in the film, coordinates the creation of newly designed sound and Foley effects, and
the editing of dialogue and automated dialogue replacement (ADR)
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Sound mixing- occurs when a sound mixer points what music needs to be given emphasis for
the audience
Sound recording- is the reproduction of sound waves from a specific environment
Stereo imaging- is the perception of sound in spatial areas of the source for depth
Tape - is based on magnetic recording made of long, narrow strip of plastic film
Thumb drive- has flash memory that can be connected to a computer or a device with a USB port
Transition- is the change from one segment to another
Tone- is the vibration, modulation, and intonation of sound
Volume- is the loudness from the sound wave’s intensity
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