Attendance:29/03/2022
Send your answer @ MS teams chat, privately
Which of the following is a test of
difference?
A. Pearson Correlation
B. T-test
C. Spearman Rank
D. Skewness Test
Attendance:24/03/2022
Send your answer @ MS teams chat, privately
Which of the following is an example of
nominal data
A. weight
B. height
C. sex
D. ranks in the army
Attendance:18/03/2022
Send your answer @ MS teams chat, privately
What is the correct sequence of steps in conducting a
survey instrument ?
I. Administer the survey
II. Check for survey validity
III. Encode and analyze data
IV. Operationalize variables
A. I, IV, II, III
B. III, II, IV, I
C. II, IV, I, III
D. IV, II, I , III
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Population and Sampling Technique
Instrumentation
Data Gathering Procedures
Analysis of Data
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes the research
design, the population and sampling
techniques, research instruments, data
gathering procedures, and general overview
of each of the statistical treatments that
were used in analyzing the collected data.
Past Tense
Research Design
1. Identify the research design that will
be used in the study.
2. Explain why this approach was
chosen.
Example:
Research Design
Descriptive – correlational research design was
used in this study. Descriptive design was used to
describe, analyze, and interpret quantitative data
that determined the (descriptive questions in SOP).
Correlational research design was used to find
the relationship between
(correlational/relationship part of SOP).
Population and Sampling Technique
1. Explain the context of the study
(time and place where the study is conducted)
2. Explain relevant details about the participants
(include the number of participants and their demographic
properties such as age, gender, socio-economic status, and
other relevant background information presented both in
graphical and textual form )
3. Explain the sampling technique that will was used in
the study.
How did you get your sample size?
1. Slovin’s formula
2. Online sample size calculator
There are few guidelines that would
suggest with regard to the minimum
number of subjects needed. For
descriptive studies, a sample with a
minimum number of 100 is essential. For
correlational studies, a sample of at least
50 is deemed necessary to establish the
existence of a relationship.
Fraenkel & Wallen (2012)
Population and Sampling Technique
The respondents of the study were STEM students at
Adventist University of the Philippines Academy enrolled in
Physics, Chemistry and Biology laboratories during second
semester of school year 2021-2022.
There were two courses offered in Chemistry……..were
included in the study.
Physics classes with laboratory…..Biology classes.
A total of 100 students were drawn as as the sample of
the study. Convenience sampling technique was used in the
study wherein students currently available or easy to reach
were gathered as sample of the study.
The distribution of the respondents are as
follows.
Present all demographic profile of the respondents.
Instrumentation
1. Describe every instrument that were used in
the study.
2. Justify it use.
3. If it is adapted, acknowledge the author,
explain the reason for its adaptation and
describe its reliability and validity.
Example
Data Gathering Procedure
1. Explain the specific steps that
you have undertaken to
complete the data gathering
phase.
Data Gathering Procedure
Upon approval of the ERB to conduct the
study, the researchers send a request letter to the
principal of AUPA which includes the intent of the
study, its objectives, and non-disclosure of the
responses of teachers. Also, a cover letter was
attached to the online survey explaining the
purpose of the study, voluntary participation, and
discretion to withdraw from the study any time
they wish to. Anonymity and confidentiality was
observed in the entire study.
Link of google form containing the ERB
approval and questionnaire was sent through
email to the target subject of the study.
Data Analysis
1. Describe the statistical test
that you will use to analyze
your data.
2. Justify your choice.
Analysis of Data
The collected data was tabulated in SPSS version 21
to obtain the necessary statistical treatment for interpretation.
Descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, mean,
and standard deviation were applied to get the profile of the
respondents, (indicate all descriptive questions in the SOP )
Correlation was applied to find the relationship
between (relationship SOP)
T-test was used to find the difference (significant
difference SOP)
To analyze the data from open-ended questions
content analysis was utilized.
IFVL
“O taste and see that the
Lord is good : blessed is the
man that trusteth in Him”
Psalms 34:8
THINGS TO DO:
1. ERB Application Form
2. Revise questionnaire
3. Chapter 3
4. Transcribe questionnaire in
Google Form