4853903 0614425 307
IS0
8501-1
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
MEmYHAPOAHbIm
CTAHAAPT
Informative Supplement
supplément informatif
#li@OpMaliHoHHW
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199612-15
Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints
and related products -Visual assessment of surface
cleanliness -
Informative Supplement to part 1: Representative
photographic examples of the change of appearance imparted
to steel when blast-cleaned with different abrasives
.
Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de
peintures et de produits assimilés -Évaluation visuelle de la
propreté d'un subjectile
-
Supplément informatif à la partie 1: Exemples de clichés
représentatifs du changement d'aspect communique à l'acier
décapé avec des abrasifs différents
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IS0 8501-1:1988/C~ppl:1994(E/F/R)
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
Licensed by Information Handling Services
M 4853903 Ob34427 J81 M
IS0 8501-1 1988/Suppl: 1994(E/F/R)
Foreword
I S 0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
technical committee has been established has the right t o be represented on
that committee. International organizations, governmental and nongovernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The main task of technical committees is t o prepare International Standards,
but i n this case an Informative Supplement to ISO8501-1 has been
published.
This Informative Supplement was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee 12, Preparation of steel
substrates before application of paints and related products.
I S 0 8501 consists at present of the following parts, under the general title
Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness :
- Part 7: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel
substrates and of steel substrates afîer overall removal of previous
coatings
- Informative Supplement to part 7: Representative photographic
examples of the change of appearance imparted to steel when blastcleaned with different abrasives
- Part 2: Preparation grades of previously coated steel substrates after
localized removal o f previous coatings
- Part3: Preparation grades of welds, cut edges and surface
imperfections.
ii
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
Licensed by Information Handling Services
m 4B5Lî03
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Ob14430 776
m
IS0 8501-1:1988/S~ppl:1994(E)
Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints
and related products -Visual assessment of surface
cleanliness -
Part 1:
Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel
substrates and of steel substrates after removal of previous
coatings
Informative Supplement t o part 1: Representative photographic
examples of the change of appearance imparted to steel w h e n
blast-cleaned with different abrasives
Introduction
The performance of protective coatings of paint and related products applied to steel is significantly affected by the state of the steel surface immediately prior to painting. The principal factors that are known to influence
this performance are:
a) the presence of rust and mill scale;
b) the presence of surface contaminants, including salts, dust, oils and
greases;
c)
the surface profile.
International Standards I S 0 8501, I S 0 8502 and I S 0 8503 have been prepared to provide methods of assessing these factors, while I S 0 8504 provides guidance on the preparation methods that are available for cleaning
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
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1
m 4853903
Ob34433 602
m
IS0 8501-1:1988/S~ppl:1994(E)
steel substrates, indicating the capabilities of each in attaining specified
levels of cleanliness.
These International Standards do not contain recommendations for the protective coating systems t o be applied to the steel surface. Neither do they
contain recommendations for the surface quality requirements for specific
situations even though surface quality can have a direct influence on the
choice of protective coating to be applied and on its performance. Such
recommendations are found i n other documents such as national standards
and codes of practice. It will be necessary for the users of these International Standards to ensure that the qualities specified are:
- compatible and appropriate both for the environmental conditions to
which the steel will be exposed and for the protective coating system to
be used;
- within the capability of the cleaning procedure specified.
The four International Standards referred to above deal with the following
aspects of preparation of steel substrates:
I S 0 8501 - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness;
I S 0 8502 - Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness;
I S 0 8503 - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates;
IS0 8504 - Surface preparation methods.
Each of these International Standards is in turn divided into separate parts.
I S 0 8501-1:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints
and related products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 7:
Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel
substrates after overall removal of previous coatings, provides written
specifications and representative photographic examples of a number of
rust grades and preparation grades. Fourteen of these photographic
examples, A Sa 2% to D Sa 3, show steel surfaces that have been subjected
to dry blast-cleaning with abrasives containing quartz sand.
2
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IS0 8501-1:1988/S~ppl:1994(E)
The basis o f this Informative Supplement is that many different abrasives
are used for blast-cleaning. Since some abrasive remains impacted on a
blast-cleaned surface, the colour o f the abrasive affects the appearance of
the surface. Generally, the use of dark-coloured abrasives, such as copper
refinery or coal furnace slags, will result in an overall darker, duller
appearance than if sand is used. Some hard, metallic abrasives, although
themselves not coloured black, will also create a darker appearance due t o
the shadows formed by the deep-sided pitting on the blast-cleaned surface.
In addition, the use of quartz sand as an abrasive is subject t o a number of
prohibitive regulations in many countries and its use for the photographic
representations in IS0 8501-1:1988 should not be taken as general approval
for its use.
This Informative Supplement provides representative photographic
examples of mild steel of rust grade C, blast-cleaned t o preparation grade
Sa 3, using six different (metallic and non-metallic) abrasives that are i n
common use. For comparison, a photographic representation of the original
steel surface, ¡.e. the surface before preparation, is also included.
NOTE 1 This Informative Supplement t o IS0 8501-1 contains the text in the three official
languages of ISO, namely English, French and Russian. It also contains the following
annexes giving the equivalent text in other languages, published under the responsibility
of the respective body indicated:
Annex A: Swedish (SIS)
Annex 6: German (DIN)
Annex C: Dutch ("I)
Annex D: Italian (UNI)
Annex E: Spanish (AENOR)
Annex F: Portuguese (IPQ)
Annex G: Arabic (CASO)
Annex H: Japanese (JISC)
Annex J: Chinese (CSBTS)
3
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4851903 0614433 485 W
I S 0 8501-1:1988/S~ppl:1994(
E)
1 Scope
This Informative Supplement to I S 0 8501-1 provides representative
photographic examples of the colour changes imparted to steel that is dry
blast-cleaned to IS0 8501-1, preparation grade Sa 3, with different metallic
and non-metallic abrasives.
It should be read in conjunction with I S 0 8501-1.
2 References
IS0 8501-1:1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints
and related products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 1:
Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates after
overall removal of previous coatings.
I S 0 8503-2: 1988, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints
and related products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned
substrates - Part 2: Method for the grading of surface profile or abrasively
blast-cleaned steel using a comparator.
I S 0 11124-2:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of
paints and related products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning
abrasives -Part 2: Chilled-iron grit.
I S 0 11124-3:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of
paints and related products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning
abrasives -Part 3: High-carbon cast-steel shot and grit.
I S 0 11125-3:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of
paints and related products - Test methods for metallic blast-cleaning
abrasives -Part 3: Determination of hardness.
I S 0 11126-3:1993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of
paints and related products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning
abrasives -Part 3: Copper refinery slag.
I S 0 1112641993, Preparation of steel substrates before application of
paints and related products - Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning
abrasives -Part 4: Coal furnace slag.
4
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I S 0 8501-1:1988/S~ppl:1994(E)
3 Procedure for visual assessment of steel substrates
Place the appropriate photograph given i n ISO8501-1 close to, and in the
plane of, the steel surface to be assessed.
Record the assessment as the grade nearest in appearance to that of the
steel surface.
If the appearance of the surface to be assessed is different from that
illustrated in ISO8501-1 use the examples given in this Informative
supplement as a guide to the change in colour depth and tone that may be
due to the abrasive used to prepare the surface.
The examples illustrated in this Informative Supplement meet the written
descriptions of I S 0 8501-1, preparation grade Sa 3.
In all cases, compliance shall be assessed against the written descriptions
for the preparation grades given i n I S 0 8501-1.
NOTE2 ISO8501-1 gives a written description of the surface appearance after the
cleaning operation together with representative photographic examples.
4 Photographs
The representative photographic examples given i n this Informative
Supplement have been prepared by blast-cleaning mild steel of rust grade C
to preparation grade Sa 3, as specified in IS0 8501-1, with six different
abrasives that are in common use. A photograph of the original steel surface
is included for visual comparison purposes.
The abrasives were chosen to provide a "Medium" surface profile as
described in I S 0 8503-2. The photograph was obtained by progressively
masking a single mild-steel plate into strips and blast-cleaning the rust
gradeC surface thus exposed with a different abrasive for each strip to
preparation grade Sa 3. Care was taken to protect previously prepared strips
when blast-cleaning other strips. The plate was photographed shortly after
completion of the blast-cleaning in order to avoid deterioration of the
freshly prepared surfaces.
5
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
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m 4853703
Ob34435 258
IS0 8501-1:1988/Suppl:1994(E)
The photograph illustrates the differences in surface appearance, including
colour, that are obtained when the same substrate is prepared by blastcleaning with different abrasive materials to the same preparation grade.
The photograph illustrates the surface appearance typically obtained using
each abrasive under the conditions described above but it should be noted
that variations may be obtained in practice.
The high-carbon cast-steel shot abrasive used was of grade S 100 as
specified in I S 0 11124-3. The chilled-iron grit abrasive was i n accordance
with grade G 070 of I S 0 11124-2. The two steel grit abrasives were in
accordance with grade G 070 of I S 0 11124-3. Their hardnesses, determined
by the method described in I S 0 11125-3, are stated in the captions t o the
relevant parts of the photograph. Copper refinery slag and coal furnace slag
abrasives are specified in IS0 11126-3 and IS0 11126-4 respectively.
6
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
Licensed by Information Handling Services
Original mild-steel plate
Rust grade C
High-carbon cast-steel shot
Grade S 100
Vickers hardness 390 HV t o 530 HV
Steel grit
Grade G 070
Vickers hardness 390 HV t o 530 HV
Steel grit
Grade G 070
Vickers hardness 700 HV to 950 HV
Chilled-iron grit
Grade G 070
Copper refinery slag
Coal furnace slag
Figure 1 - Layout and sequence of the appended representative
photographic examples
7
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
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4851903 0634437 0 2 0
8
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
Licensed by Information Handling Services
4851703 OhL442b 2 4 5
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;ISOi IS0 8501=1:1994
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Informative Supplement
Supplément informatif
~HCI)OPMaUMOHHOe
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1994-12-15
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IS0 1994
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm,
without permission in writing from the publisher. / Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription
différente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme
que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 CH-121 1 Geneve 20 Switzerland
.
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Printed in Switzerland/lmprimé en Suisse
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
Licensed by Information Handling Services
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
NORME INTERNATIONALE
MEXAYWAPO~HbII?tCTAHAAPT
IS0
8501-1
First edition
Premitre Cdition
H3llaHHC
1988-12-15
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION
ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
ME>KAYHAWAHAR OPTAHH3AuHR Il0 CTAHAAPMML(MM
Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints
and related products - Visual assessment of surface
cleanliness Part 1 :
Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and
of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de
peintures et de produits assimilés - Évaluation visuelle de la
propreté d'un subjectile Partie i1 :
Degrés de rouille et degrés de préparation des subjectiles d'acier
non recouverts et des subjectiles d'acier aprec décapage sur toute la
surface des revêtements précédents
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Foreword
I S 0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through I S 0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right t o be represented on that Committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for
approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the IS0 Council. They are approved in accordance with I S 0 procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting.
International Standard I S 0 8501-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paintsand varnishes, and
is published in collaboration with the Standardiseringskommissioneni Sverige (SIS).
Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time t o time and that any reference
made herein fo any other International Standard implies its latest edition, unless othenvise stated.
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de I'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est normalement confiée
aux comités techniques de I'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementaies, en liaison avec I'ISO participent également aux travaux.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres
pour approbation, avant leur acceptation comme Normes internationales par le Conseil de I'ISO. Les Normes
internationales sont approuvées conformément aux procédures de I'ISO qui requièrent l'approbation de 75 %
au moins des comités membres votants.
La Norme internationale I S 0 8501-1 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 35, Peintures et vernis, et
publiée en collaboration avec la Standardiseringskommissioneni Sverige (SIS).
L'attention des utilisateurs est attirée sur le fait que toutes les Normes internationales sont de temps en temps
soumises à révision et que toute référence faite à une autre Norme internationale dans le présent document
implique qu'il s'agit, sauf indication contraire, de la dernière édition.
COPYRIGHT International Organization for Standardization
Licensed by Information Handling Services
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Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated
steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings..
............
Préparation des subjectiles d'acier avant application de peintures e t de produits assimilés Évaluation visuelle de la propreté d'un subjectile
Partie 1: Degrés de rouille e t degrés de
préparation des subjectiles d'acier non recouverts e t des subjectiles d'acier après décapage sur
toute la surface des revêtements précédents
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stål och för stål, fr5n vars hela yta tidigare beläggning avlägsnats
..........................
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B Vorbereitung von Stahloberflächen vor dem Auftragen von Beschichtungsstoffen - Visuelle
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Voorbehandeling van Staal voor het opbrengen van verf en aanverwante Produkten - Visuele
beoordeling van oppervlaktereinheid - Deel 1 : Roestgraden en reinheidsgradenvan onbedekt Staal
en van Staal na volledige verwijdering van eerdere deklagen
53
Preparazione delle superfici di acciaio prima d i applicare vernici e prodotti affini - Valutazione visiva
del grado di pulitura della superficie - Parte 1 : Gradi di arrugginimento e gradi di preparazione di
superfici di acciaio non trattate e superfici di acciaio dalle quali è stato rimosso un rivestimento
precedente .............................................................................
63
Preparación de superficies de acero antes de aplicarles pinturas y productos análogos - Evaluación
visual de la limpieza superficial - Parte 1: Grados de oxidación y de preparación de las superficies de
acero sin recubrir y de las superficies de acero después de eliminar totalmente los recubnmientos
anteriores
73
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unbeschichteten Stahloberflächen und Stahloberflächen nach ganzflächigem Entfernen vorhandener
Beschichtungen
E
..............................................................................
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Preparação do superfícies deaço antes da aplicação de tintas e produtos similares Avaliacão visual
da limpeza de superfícies - Parte 1 : Graus de enferrujamento e graus de preparação de superfícies
de aço sem revestimento e de superfícies de aqo após remoção total de camadas de revestimento préexistentes
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IS8 8501-1 : 1988 (E)
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Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints
and related products - Visual assessment of surface
cleanliness Part I :
Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and
of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
O
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Introduction
.-2
The performance of protective coatings of paint and related products applied to steel is
significantly affected by the state of the steel surface immediately prior to painting. The
principal factors that are known to influence this performance are
a)
the presence of rust and mill scale;
b) the presence of surface contaminants, including salts, dust, oils and greases;
c) the surface profile.
International Standards IS0 8501, IS0 8502 and IS0 8503 have been prepared to provide methods of assessing these factors, while IS0 8504 provides guidance on the
preparation methods that are available for cleaning steel substrates, indicating the
capabilities of each in attaining specified levels of cleanliness.
These International Standards do not contain recommendations for the protective
coating systems to be applied to the steel surface. Neither do they contain recommendations for the surface quality requirements for specific situations even though surface
quality can have a direct influence on the choice of protective coating to be applied and
on its performance. Such recommendations are found in other documents such as
national standards and codes of practice. It will be necessary for the users of these
International Standards to ensure that the qualities specified are
- compatible and appropriate both for the environmental conditions to which the
steel will be exposed and for the protective coating system to be used;
- within the capability of the cleaning procedure specified.
The four International Standards referred to abme deal with the following aspects of
preparation of steel substrates :
E O -8501
-
Visual assessment of surface cleanliness;
3
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IS0 8502
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IS0 8503
- Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates;
IS0 8504
- Surface preparation methods.
Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness;
Each of these International Standards is in turn divided into separate parts.
This part of IS0 8501 identifies four levels (designated as "rust grades") of mill scale
and rust that are commonly found on surfaces of uncoated erected steel and steel held
in stock. It also identifies certain degrees of visual cleanliness (designated as "preparation grades") after surface preparation of uncoated steel surfaces and of steel surfaces
after overall removal of any previous coating. These levels of visual cleanliness are
related to the common methods of surface cleaning that are used prior to painting.
This part of IS0 8501 is intended to be a tool for visual assessment of rust grades and
of preparation grades. It includes 28 representative photographic examples.
NOTES
1 Twenty-four of the photographs originate from the Swedish standard SIS 05 59 00-1967,
Pictorial surface preparation standards for painting steel surfaces, which is superseded by this
part of I S 0 8501 (see annex A). The other four photographs originate from the German standard
DIN 55 928, Part 4, Supplement 1 (August 19781, Protection of stee/structures from corrosion by
organic and metallic coatings; preparation and testing of surfaces; photographic standards.
Originally SIS 05 59 O0 was developed by the Swedish Corrosion Institute in co-operationwith the
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the Steel Structures Painting Council
(SSPC), USA. There are a number of national standards based on SIS 05 59 00, such as
DIN 55928, Part 4 (19771, TGL 18730/02 (19771, DS 2019 (19671, AS 1627, Part 9-1974,
ASTM D 2200-67 (1980) and SSPC-Vis 1-82 T. In addition, there are other standards that have a
similar layout, for example JSRA SPSS-1975, but which are less widely used and therefore were
not taken into account.
The reasons for adopting the essential elements of
follows :
a)
SIS 05 59 00, including its format, are as
SIS 05 59 O0 is already used on a world-wide scale;
..
b) the creation of a completely new set of photographs would be costly and would not
necessarily introduce any corresponding improvements;
c) previous and current documents relating to this established system of rust grades and
preparation grades could continue to be used in the future without amendment and without
confusion;
d) the A5 (pocket) size is convenient to handle and to refer to on site.
This part of I S 0 8501 represents a slight extension of earlier editions of SIS 05 59 O0 in that it is
applicable also to surfaces that show residues of adhering paint and other foreigr; matter in addition to mill scale and rust.
~
2
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IS0 8501-1 : 1988 (E)
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2 This part of IS0 8501 contains the text in the three official languages of ISO, namely English,
French and Russian. It also contains the following annexes giving the equivalent text in other
languages, published under the responsibility of the respective body indicated :
Annex A : Swedish (SIS : the text is the 1988 edition of the Swedish sfandard SS 05 59 O01
Annex B : German (DIN)
Annex C : Dutch ("I)
Annex D : Italian
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(UNI)
Annex E : Spanish (AENOR)
Annex
F : Portuguese (IPQ)
Annex G : Arabic (ASMO)
Annex H : Japanese (JISC)
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Annex J : Chinese (CSBS)
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Scope and field of application
This part of IS0 8501 specifies a series of rust grades and preparation grades of steel
surfaces (see clauses 3 and 4, respectively). The various grades are defined by written
descriptions together with photographs that are representative examples within the
tolerance for each grade as described in words.
It is applicable to hot-rolled steel surfaces prepared for painting by methods such as
blast-cleaning, hand and power tool cleaning and flame cleaning, although these
methods rarely lead to comparable results. Essentially, these methods are intended for
hot-rolled steel, but blast-cleaning methods, in particular, could also be used on coldrolled steel of sufficient thickness to withstand any deformation caused by the impact
of the abrasive or the effects of power tool cleaning,
This part of IS0 8501 is applicable also to steel substrates that show residues of firmly
adhering paint and other foreign matter (see note 2 to 4.1) in addition t o residual mill
scale.
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NOTE - The preparation grades of previously painted steel surfaces after only localized removal
of paint coatings form the subject of IS0 8501-2.
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It relates the cleanliness of the surface to its visual appearance. In many instances, this
is sufficient for the purpose but for coatings likely to be exposed to severe environments, such as water immersion and continuous condensation conditions, consideration should be given to testing for soluble salts and other invisible contaminants on the
visually clean surface by .the physical and chemical methods which form the subjects of
the various parts of IS0 8502. The roughness characteristics of the sudace should also
be considered by reference io IS0 8503.
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IS0 8501-1 : 1988 (E)
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References
IS0 8501-2, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related
products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 2 :Preparation grades of
previously coated steel substrates after localized removal of previous coatings. 11
IS0 8502, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness. 1)
IS0 8503, Preparation of.steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates.
IS0 8504, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Surface preparation methods
2
Part 2 :Abrasive blast-cleaning. 1)
- Part 3 :Hand and power tool deaning.1)
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Rust grades
Four rust grades, designated A, B, C and D respectively, are specified. The rust grades
are defined by written descriptions together with representative photographic. examples (see clause 6).
A
Steel surface largely covered with adhering mill scale but little, if any, rust.
B
Steel surface which has begun to rust and from which the mill scale has begun
to flake.
C
Steel surface on which the mill scale has rusted away or from which it can be
scraped, but with slight pitting visible under normal vision.
D
Steel surface on which the mill scale has rusted away and on which general
pitting is visible under normal vision.
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4.1
Preparation grades
General
A number of preparation grades, indicating the method of surface preparation and the
degree of cleaning, are specified. The preparation grades are defined (see 4.2, 4.3 and
4.4) by written descriptions of the surface appearance after the cleaning operation,
together with representative photographic examples (see clause 6).
1) To be published.
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IS0 8501-1 : 1988 (E)
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Each preparation grade is designated by the appropriate letters "Sa", "St" or "FI" to
indicate the type of cleaning method used. The number following, if any, indicates the
degree of cleaning from mill scale, rust and previous coatings.
The photographs are designated by the original rust grade before cleaning and the
designation of the preparation grade, for example B Sa 2 b .
NOTES
1 The term "foreign matter" used in 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 may include water-soluble salts and
welding residues. These contaminants cannot be completely removed from the surface by dry
blast-cleaning, hand and power tool cleaning or flgme cleaning; wet blast-cleaning should be
used.
2 Mill scale, rust or a paint coating is considered to be poorly adhering if it can be removed by
lifting with a blunt putty knife.
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4.2
Blast-cleaning, Sa
Surface preparation by blast-cleaning is designated by the letters "Sa".
Prior to blast-cleaning, any heavy layers of rust shall be removed by chipping. Visible
oil, grease and dirt shall also be removed.
After blast-cleaning, the surface shall be cleaned from loose dust and debris.
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NOTE - For descriptions of surface preparation methods by blast-cleaning, including treatment
prior to, and after, the blast-cleaning procedure, see I S 0 8504-2.
Sa I Light blast-cleaning
When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil,
grease and dirt, and from poorly adhering mill scale, rust, paint coatings and
foreign matter (see note 2 to 4.1). See photographs B Sa 1, C Sa 1 and D Sa 1.
Sa 2
Thorough blast-cleaning
When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil,
grease and dirt, and from most of the mill scale, rust, paint coatings and foreign
matter. Any residual contamination shall be firmly adhering (see note 2 to 4.1).
See photographs B Sa 2, C Sa 2 and D Sa 2.
Sa 21/2
d
Very thorough blast-cleaning
When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil,
grease and dirt, and from mill scale, rust, paint coatings and foreign matter. Any
remaining traces of contamination shall show only as slight stains in the form of
spots or stripes. See photographs A Sa 21/z, B Sa 2V2, C Sa 2V2 and D Sa 2Vz.
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Sa 3
Blast-cleaning to visually clean steel
When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil,
grease and dirt, and shall be free from mill scale, rust, paint coatings and foreign
matter. It shall have a uniform metallic colour. See photographs A Sa 3,
B Sa 3, C Sa 3 and D Sa 3.
4.3
Hand and power tool cleaning, St
Surface preparation by hand and power tool cleaning, such as scraping, wirebrushing, machine-brushing and grinding, is designated by the letters "St".
Prior to hand and power tool cleaning, any heavy layers of rust shall be removed by
chipping. Visible oil, grease and dirt shall also be removed.
After hand and power tool cleaning, the surface shall be cleaned from loose dust and
debris,
NOTES
1 For descriptions of surface preparation methods by hand and power tool cleaning, including
treatment prior to, and after, the hand and power tool cleaning procedure, see I S 0 8504-3.
2 Preparation grade S t 1 is not included as it would correspond to a surface unsuitable for
painting.
St 2
Thorough hand and power tool cleaning
When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from visible oil,
grease and dirt, and from poorly adhering mill scale, rust, paint coatings and
foreign matter (see note 2 to 4.1). See photographs B St 2, C St 2 and D St 2.
St 3
Very thorough hand and power tool cleaning
As for St 2, but the surface shall be treated much more thoroughly to give a
metallic sheen arising from the metallic substrate. See photographs B St 3,
C St 3 and D St 3.
4.4
Flame cleaning,
FI
Surface preparation by flame cleaning is designated by the letters "FI",
NOTE - Flame cleaning includes final power tool wire-brushing to remove the products of the
cleaning process; hand wire-brushing does not achieve a satisfactory surface for painting.
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Prior to flame cleaning, any heavy layers of rust shall be removed by chipping.
After flame cleaning, the surface shall be cleaned by power tool wire-brushing.
FI Flame cleaning
When viewed without magnification, the surface shall be free from mill scale,
rust, paint coatings and foreign matter. Any remaining residues shall show only
as a discoloration of the surface (shades of different colours). See photographs
A FI, B FI, C FI and D FI.
5 Procedure for visual assessment of steel substrates
Either in good diffuse daylight or in equivalent artificial illumination, examine the steel
surface and compare it with each of the photographs (see clause 61, using normal
vision. Place the appropriate photograph close to, and in the plane of, the steel surface
to be assessed.
For rust grades, record the assessment as the worst grade that is evident. For preparation grades, record the assessment as that grade nearest in appearance to that of the
steel surface.
NOTES
1 In addition t o the type of cleaning method used, for example dry blast-cleaning using a particular type of abrasive, the following factors can influence the result of the visual assessment :
a)
initial state of the steel surface other than any of the standard rust grades A, B, C and D;
b) colour of the steel itself;
c) regions of differing roughness, resulting from differential corrosion attack or uneven
removal of material;
surface irregularities such as dents;
marks from tools;
uneven lighting;
shadowing of the surface profile caused by angled projection of abrasive;
embedded abrasives.
2 For previously painted surfaces that have been prepared for renewed painting, only
photographs with rust grade designations D or C (for example : D Sa 2V2 or C Sa 21/21 may be
used for the visual assessment. The choice (for example between D Sa 2V2 and C Sa 21/21
depends on the degree of pitting.
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I S 0 8501-1 : 1988 (E)
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Photographs
Twenty-eight representative photographic examples for comparison with steel
substrates are appended.
These photographs, which are not magnified, are copies that have been reproduced by
a special technique whereby the colour print is applied to the back of plastics sheets.
To prevent the specimens from being scratched, paper leaves have been inserted
between the plastics sheets. For ease of manufacture, the plastics sheets do not carry
page numbers. For convenience in use, the photographs are displayed in the order
shown in the figure.
Four photographs relate specifically to the rust grades A,
B, C and D (see clause 3).
Twenty-four photographs, A Sa 2V2 to D FI, relate specifically to the preparation
grades obtained by dry blast-cleaning, by hand and power tool cleaning, and by flame
cleaning (see clause 4). Other methods, such as wet blast-cleaning, produce surfaces
that may differ in appearance, colour, etc., but the photographs can still be used to
give an indication of the preparation grade.
Fourteen photographs, A Sa 2V2 to D Sa 3, show steel surfaces that have been subjected t o dry blast-cleaning with abrasives containing quartz sand. The use of such
abrasives in enclosed areas is prohibited in many countries except under strictly controlled conditions. Therefore abrasives of other types (and hence colour) are often
used for dry blast-cleaning. These abrasives may produce a different surface appearance, even after meticulous cleaning of the blast-cleaned surface.
There are no photographs representing A Sa 1, A Sa 2, A St 2 or A St 3 because
these preparation grades are not achievable and the existing photographs are sufficiently indicative.
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IS0 8501-1 : 1988 (E)
Rust grades
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Preparation grades
Blast-cleaning
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Hand and power tool cleaning
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BSt3
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Flame cleaning
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Figure - Layout and sequence of the appended representative
photographic examples
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B Sa 234
B Sa 3
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D Sa 1
D Sa 2
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D Sa 295
D Sa 3
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B St 2
B St 3
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c St 2
c St 3
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IS0 8501-1 : 1988 (E/F/R)
MCO 8501-1 : 1988 @/@/PI
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UDC/CDU/YAK 667.646.2a1
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Descriptors : paints, varnishes, substrates, steels, painting, rust grades, preparation gradedûescripteum : peinture, vernis, subjectiies.
aciers, peinturage, degrés de rouiiie, degrés de préparation./@cicpHn?opbi: KpaCKH. naKH. ocHoab. CTanH, OKpacKa, CTBflBHH PXaBOCTM,
cTeneHu noAroTos#n.
Price group YDIGroupe de prix YDIrpynna qeH YD
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