MUDALIAR COMMITTEE PRESENTED BY: MAJ ASHISH GUPTA Dr. ANANYA SINGH MUDALIAR COMMITTEE THE HEALTH SURVEY AND PLANNING COMMITTEE Headed by Dr. A.L. Mudaliar August 1959-October 1961 Implementation : 1962 Two Volumes. Volume I having 15 chapters and Volume II having Appendices. MUDALIAR COMMITTEE CHAPTERS I. Appointment of the Committee, Terms of reference etc. II. Introduction: Important developments since the Bhore Committee. III. Role of International Organisations. IV. Present State of the Nation’s Health. V. Medical Care. VI. Public Health. VII. Communicable Diseases. CHAPTERS VIII. Professional Education. IX. Research. X. The Population Problem. XI. Drugs and Medical Supplies. XII. Legislation. XIII. Indigenous Systems of Medicine. XIV. Health Administration. XV. Financial Aspects and Conclusion. CHAPTER I 1. CONSTITUTION OF THE COMMITTEE AND ITS TERMS OF REFERENCE (a) The assessment of developments in the field of medical relief and public health since the Bhore Committee. (b) Review of the First and Second Five-Year Plan Health projects. (c) Formulation of recommendations for the future plan of health development in the country. CHAPTER I “I feel that twelve years of development necessitate today a resurvey of the whole field of, health including its preventive and social aspects medical relief, preventive health care, water supply, environmental insanitation, medical education and selfsufficiency in the supply of drugs and medical appliances as well as the place of indigenous systems of medicine in the health programme of the country”. -Hon'ble Shri D. P. Karmarkar, Union Minister of Health 12th August 1959 CHAPTER I “We shall be able to submit a report that will be not only practical, but also fair and firm in its assessment of our health problems and in the recommendations we make to solve these problems. It will be our endeavour to avoid both exaggeration and skipping over of essential matters”. -Dr. A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar, Vice-Chancellor, University of Madras CONSTITUTION OF THE COMMITTEE AND ITS TERMS OF REFERENCE (d) Six sub-committees: (i) Professional Education, and Research. (ii) Medical Relief (Urban and Rural). (iii) Public Health including Environmental Hygiene; Communicable diseases. (iv) Population “problem” & family planning. (v) Drugs and medical stores. CHAPTERS I. Appointment of the Committee, Terms of reference etc. II. Introduction: Important developments since the Bhore Committee. III. Role of International Organisations. IV. Present State of the Nation’s Health. V. Medical Care. VI. Public Health. VII. Communicable Diseases. CHAPTER II 1. Recapitulates the observations and recommendations of the Bhore Committee. 2. Important developments in India since Bhore Committee Report. 3. New Constitution. 4. Health Administration consequent to the new Constitution. CHAPTER II 1. BHORE COMMITTEE (a) Appointed in 1943 during “British India” (b) Health survey & development committee (c) Submitted the report in Jan 1946 (d) Main focus on rural population (e) Short term 5-10 Years (f) Long term 30-40 Years CHAPTER II 1. BHORE COMMITTEE (g) PHC / 40,000 populace, SHC / 600,000 populace. (h) Village Health Committee. (j) Control of Communicable diseases. (k) Increasing Bed : Population ratio. (l) School health service. (m) Population control through Birth control. CHAPTER II 1. BHORE COMMITTEE (n) 43 Medical Colleges including an All India Institution. (o) Special emphasis was warranted on fwg aspects of health: (i) Nutrition (ii) Health education (iii) Physical education (iv) Maternal and child health services (v) School health services (vi) Occupational health including industrial health CHAPTER II 2. IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS SINCE BHORE COMMITTEE REPORT (a) Independence (b) Partition (c) Merger of Princely States (d) Reorganisation of states (e) Abolition of Indian medical service, women's medical service & medical research department (f) Planning commission (g) First and Second Five-Year Plan (h) Community development CHAPTER II IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS SINCE BHORE COMMITTEE REPORT TOTAL BUDGET I Five Year Plan II Five Year Plan III Five Year Plan 2,356 4,500 8,000 5.9% 5% 4.25% 140 225 341 (IN CRORES) % ALLOCATION BUDGET FOR HEALTH (IN CRORES) CHAPTER II IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS SINCE BHORE COMMITTEE REPORT Domain Post I & II Five year Plans 2,800 Increased from 7,400 to 12,600 •Increased from 1,15,000 to 1,85,000 •From 0.24/1000 to 0.4/1000 (as against 1.03/1000 proposed). •4,500 MCH centers •20,000 maternity beds. •Reduction of proportional case rate from 10.8% to 2.88% •Proportional case rate as compared between 1953 & 1960 •30,000 beds •60 Million vaccinations CHAPTER II IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS SINCE BHORE COMMITTEE REPORT Domain Post I & II Five year Plans •61 medical colleges in the country with an annual admission of about 5,900; as against 43 medical colleges visualised. •AIIMS, AFMC •Facilities for post-graduate studies and dental surgery. •Departments of Preventive and Social Medicine in many medical colleges. •Leprosy Control Scheme •Central Leprosy Teaching and Research Institute,Thirumani All India Institute of Mental Health at Bangalore CHAPTER II IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS SINCE BHORE COMMITTEE REPORT Domain Post I & II Five year Plans •Nutrition Research centres at Bombay and Calcutta •Prevention of Food Adulteration Act •National Nutrition Advisory committee Central Health Education Bureau Two cancer research centres were set up, one at Bombay and the other at Calcutta. •Increasing popularity of sterilisation •A net-work of urban and rural family planning clinics •The Pharmacy Act and the Drugs and Magic Remedies Act •The Central Drugs Laboratory CHAPTER II IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS SINCE BHORE COMMITTEE REPORT Domain Post I & II Five year Plans •National Water Supply and sanitation Programme, 1954. •Central Public Health Engineering Organisation, 1955. •Master of Engineering in Public Health was established at the All India Imitate of Hygiene and Public health, Calcutta in 1948-49. •Central Public Health Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur •Statistical cells in States. •International Collaborations with WHO & TCM. CHAPTER II 4. HEALTH ADMINISTRATION CONSEQUENT TO THE NEW CONSTITUTION (a) The suggestions of this committee didn’t necessitate any constitutional changes. (b) Simpler recommendations would be accepted by Centre and States alike. (c) Legislative measures were felt necessary in the public interest in respect of food adulteration and adulteration of drugs. CHAPTER II 4. HEALTH ADMINISTRATION CONSEQUENT TO THE NEW CONSTITUTION (d) Formation of a Central Health cadre. (e) UGC should include the fields of Medicine, Engineering, Agriculture and Veterinary Science. (f) National Institutions for Malaria eradication, Small-pox, Cholera, Leprosy, TB and Filariasis. (g) Making the Central Health Council more effective. CHAPTERS I. Appointment of the Committee, Terms of reference etc. II. Introduction: Important developments since the Bhore Committee. III. Role of International Organisations. IV. Present State of the Nation’s Health. V. Medical Care. VI. Public Health. VII. Communicable Diseases. CHAPTER III ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS WHO U.N.I.C.E.F. COLOMBO PLAN TECHNICAL COOPERATION MISSION FORD FOUNDATION ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION F.A.O. NORWEGIAN AID RUSSIAN AID CARE Other Countries CHAPTERS I. Appointment of the Committee, Terms of reference etc. II. Introduction: Important developments since the Bhore Committee. III. Role of International Organisations. IV. Present State of the Nation’s Health. V. Medical Care. VI. Public Health. VII. Communicable Diseases. CHAPTER IV THE PRESENT STATE OF THE NATION’S HEALTH The Upside (a) Significant reduction in mortality and morbidity. (b) Higher Life expectancy. Reduced Death Rate. (c) An optimistic perception of the ESI corp. (d) Increase in the no. of Medical Colleges, Medical students and Nursing Institutions has been well acknowledged. (e) Availability of courses in Industrial and Occupational health. CHAPTER IV THE PRESENT STATE OF THE NATION’S HEALTH 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 162 135 27,4 21,6 20 18 26,56 42 1946 1960 CHAPTER IV THE PRESENT STATE OF THE NATION’S HEALTH Death Rate 1931-41 1941-51 1956-61 31.2 27.4 21 Parameter 1947-1950 1958-1960 Medical Colleges 25 61 Medical Students 1983 5900 Nurses 15,000 27,000 Nursing Institutions 206 270 ANM Trg Institutions 229 535 CHAPTER IV THE PRESENT STATE OF THE NATION’S HEALTH The Lacunae (a) Lack of uniform health measures across the country. (b) Health of School Children α Sanitation standards in schools. (c) Rural – Urban migration and Population growth. (d) Post partition immigration mainly in Eastern India. (e) Overcrowding in hospitals, inadequate staff, nonavailability of essential drugs etc. (f) Maladjustment of trained manpower. CHAPTER IV RECOMMENDATIONS (a) Hygiene awareness. (b) Mitigate to Overcrowding in hospitals, inadequate staff, mixing of serious with minor cases) (c) Right person for the right job. (d) Use of statistical data of outbreaks/epidemics. (e) Improvement in the Sanitation facilities at the schools. CHAPTERS I. Appointment of the Committee, Terms of reference etc. II. Introduction: Important developments since the Bhore Committee. III. Role of International Organisations. IV. Present State of the Nation’s Health. V. Medical Care. VI. Public Health. VII. Communicable Diseases. CHAPTER V MEDICAL CARE OBSERVATIONS (a) Ill equipped & overburdened PHC, SHC. (b) Inadequate diagnostic facilities at GH, DH. (c) Disheartening doctor : Population ratio. (d) Free healthcare for all- as envisaged in past ain’t possible / feasible. (e) Worrisome Bed : Population ratio. (f) Inadequate Ambulance services at all echelons. (g) Significant rise in OPD clientele; inadequate attention. (h) Rise in casualty cases. (j) Varried facilities at Taluq Hospitals. CHAPTER V ESI (a) States must assume greater responsibility. (b) Urgent need of more hospitals and upgradation of dispensaries to polyclinics having lab facilities. (c) Provision of multiple specialties prior to extending benefits to families. (d) Panel doctors for a max. pd of 3 years with provision of further extension. (e) Land acquisition in excess of immediate need. (f) Domiciliary visits by doctors for preventive health aspects. CHAPTER V TRIBAL AND BACKWARD AREAS (a) Around 20 million population. (b) Troglodytic voodooist outlook. (c) Acknowledgement of ongoing public health activities. E.g. Yaws control programme. (d) Lack of basics. (e) Prevalence of communicable diseases and nutritional deficiencies. (f) Inherent rules of Quarantine like measures. CHAPTER V HEALTH SERVICES FOR DEFENCE SERVICES AND CIVIL-MILITARY COOPERATION. (a) Applauds the integration of services under DGAFMS. (b) Acknowledgement of pioneering work done at premier institutions. (c) Inadequacy of GD MOs, Specialists and MNS Officers was highlighted. (d) Civil-Military interchange of specialists. (e) PHCs should seek guidance and assistance from SHOs. RECOMMENDATIONS MEDICAL CARE (Chapter V) Aims at 1 bed / 1,000 population by IVth or Vth Plan periods. Financing of medical care needs a careful study. Extending the gambit of ESI & CHSS. District hospitals: Expansion and specialist facilities. Taluk hospitals should be developed to take over the routine medical, surgical , obstetrical and gynecological services. RECOMMENDATIONS PHC Discontinuation of PHC on the existing pattern 1PHC/ 40,000 Population Mobile health van facility Residential Bed accommodation strength of 10 Each PHC should be provided with a jeep CHAPTER V RECOMMENDATIONS Sub Centre (4 beds) PHC : 10 beds 1 Medical officer 2 Medical officer 1 Public health nurses 1 Sanitary officer 1 Auxillary health workers 2 Public health nurses 3 Auxillary health workers 3 Midwifes 1 Pharmacist 3 Midwifes 1 Pharmacist RECOMMENDATIONS PHC PHC preferably located in association with other developmental activities of the Government Rural service should be an essential prerequisite for confirmation in government service PHC medical officer should not be allowed for private practice PHC should be provided with communication facility RECOMMENDATIONS Taluk Hospitals Minimum bed strength of 50 & 03 MO’s dealing with medicine, surgery and OB&G Referral unit for 02 or 03 PHCs 03 lab technicians & lab should be able to handle all routine work other than serology & culture . RECOMMENDATIONS District Hospitals: Each with 300 to 500 beds All specialist services & blood bank The TB clinic and Public health laboratory should work in close association with DH Link with teaching hospital for expert advice Mobile unit in each DH to visit taluq hospital and PHCs Dental and TB clinics to have their own mobile vans fitted with x-ray units to visit the peripheral units RECOMMENDATIONS Distribution of beds: At least 1bed/1000 population in each district PHC’s - 10beds Taluk Hospital - 50beds District Hospital - 300 to 500 beds 10 to 15 beds in Taluk hospital & 30 to 40 beds in District Hospital for isolation of TB cases Each District hospital to have a psychiatric clinic & 5 to 10 beds CHAPTER V RECOMMENDATIONS TB cases 10-15 beds for infectious TB cases in each taluk 30-50 beds in each District Hospital where a separate TB hospital does not exist Leprosy hospitals Leprosy hospitals for treatment, isolation, surgery and rehabilitation. Such hospitals are required in the endemic areas. RECOMMENDATIONS Ophthalmic hospitals: • • • • • • • District Hospital - 10 to 15 beds, Medical College - 50 to 100 beds One such hospital for each state with 300-500 beds Establishment of rehabilitation centre for visually blind Mass campaign against blindness causing diseases (trachoma, small pox etc) Adequate training at under graduate level Training of personnel for propaganda and mass therapy in rural areas RECOMMENDATIONS Mental Health Care: 5-10 beds at district level for psychiatry cases Mental hospital should be developed on regional basis with approx 750 beds Orthopaedic hospitals: Every State should have an orthopedic hospital with wings for accident service Casualty department should also be encouraged Training institute for physiotherapy at Bombay should be fully developed & enabled to take on Limb Fitting activities as done by Army LimbFitting Centre at Poona. RECOMMENDATIONS Medical care In Railways: Subject all employees to periodic physical examination. Checks against pts.having infectious diseases freely using trains & platforms. Specialist referral services should be availed . RECOMMENDATIONS Tribal & Backward areas . Local conditions & peculiarities must be taken into account Civilising influences should be extended without violating their cultural practices Expansion of facilities to train health assistants, sanitary inspectors & other technicians out of local tribes To meet shortage of doctors, the tribal students should be trained by the state Duty in the tribal area should be made compulsory RECOMMENDATIONS Role Of Private Practitioners: Opportunities to serve in government hospitals on a part time or honorary basis Hospital authorities should encourage them to admit in the hospital their patients needing inpatient care Utilization of services in schemes like ESI, Family planning, school health service & mass immunization Measures be adopted to eliminate quack CHAPTERS I. Appointment of the Committee, Terms of reference etc. II. Introduction: Important developments since the Bhore Committee. III. Role of International Organisations. IV. Present State of the Nation’s Health. V. Medical Care. VI. Public Health. VII. Communicable Diseases. CHAPTER VI PUBLIC HEALTH (a) Malaria, Filariasis, Cholera, Dysentery, Smallpox. (b) Nutritional Disorders. (c) Deficit production of Cereal, Pulses, Milk and Vegetables. (d) Inadequate data and statistical lacunae. (e) Safe Water supply to all households. (f) Concerns of Water and Air Pollution. (g) Incomplete coverage of School Health Service. (h) Unavailability of drainage and sewerage system. CHAPTER VI PUBLIC HEALTH (j) Untrained personnel in PHED. (k) Overcrowding, Slums and Lack of housing. (l) 20,000 maternity beds; 1.5 Crore births per year. (m) Paucity of trained Midwives, ANMs, rural health workers in foreseeable future. (n) Mental Health Statistics weren’t available. (o) 15,000 beds for mental hospitals. CHAPTER VI RECOMMENDATIONS CHAPTER VI RECOMMENDATIONS Maternal and child Health: Need of agency to ensure follow-up of ANC, PNC, maternal & child welfare services. Enough maternity beds must be provided in teaching hospitals to allow each under graduate to do the normal quota of 20 cases. Trained mid-wifery should also be domiciliary Extension of these services to rural areas. Creches in commercial & industrial estb. (Aanganwadi, Balwadis) CHAPTER VI RECOMMENDATIONS Maternal and child Health: Inclusion of immunization, nutrition, education apart from routine mother and child care Establishment of Independent maternity hospitals MCH staff to give talks, demonstrations, film shows, family planning education, home visits and health education Planned development of maternity homes/ hospitals with attached antenatal clinics and ambulance service to attend to emergency cases at homes RECOMMENDATIONS School Health: Medical checkup at the time of school entrance and at 04 yearly intervals Provision of immunization and sanitary facilities Mid day meals to cater for one third of daily calorie requirements Compulsory production of birth and vaccination certificates for admission in schools Improvement of general hygiene & sanitation in school premises & their surroundings RECOMMENDATIONS Nutrition cultivable land need to be Developed. Increased poultry farming, milk and fish production Special attention production Employment dieticians Provision of to vegetables qualified & nutritionist fruits and of iron supplements, protein rich food & vitamins to vulnerable groups in rural areas RECOMMENDATIONS Housing Removal of slums & alternate provision of accommodation Encouragement schemes Proper to Co-operative housing planning before sanctioning of housing schemes and regulation by special boards CHAPTERS I. Appointment of the Committee, Terms of reference etc. II. Introduction: Important developments since the Bhore Committee. III. Role of International Organisations. IV. Present State of the Nation’s Health. V. Medical Care. VI. Public Health. VII. Communicable Diseases. CHAPTER VII COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (a) Collaboration of Central and State Govts. (b) Unsatisfactory notification of diseases. (c) Malaria and TB continue to remain major issues. (d) Lack of refinements and precision in spraying operations. (e) Emergence of DDT resistance among vectors for Malaria, Filariasis and Plague. (f) Outbreaks of Influenza and other viral illnesses reaching Indian shores. CHAPTER VII COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (g) Failure of Quarantine measures towards international travel. (h) Polio epidemics in 1952, 1954, 1960-61. (j) Presence of Types I, II and III in the population. (k) Sabin’s vaccine used during outbreak in Andhra Pradesh. (l) Encephalitis epidemics among children were attributed to Coxsackie A or B types. (m) Need of increases intense research towards viral illnesses was felt. RECOMMENDATIONS Communicable Diseases (Chapter VII) RECOMMENDATIONS Communicable Diseases (Chapter VII) Malaria Malaria eradication programme is expected to achieve the targets in course of 4th plan period Possibility of resistance development mosquitoes to the insecticides in Possibilities of insects other than malaria vectors becoming resistant to the insecticides Careful consideration of the routine use of insecticides to insect borne diseases of man and RECOMMENDATIONS Tuberculosis: Continuation of Mass BCG vaccination during 3rd plan Integration of vaccination programme with other TB schemes Establishment of fully equipped and staffed TB clinics in each district State wise demonstration and training centre Provision for rehabilitation and after care facilities RECOMMENDATIONS Leprosy Segregation considered as impractical approach for eradication of leprosy Emphasis on early detection and treatment of Training both cases medical and personnel Provision of rehabilitation facilities Establishment surgery paramedical of centres for reconstructive RECOMMENDATIONS Venereal Diseases: Collection of monthly reports from all the states on the types of different Venereal diseases treated Serological surveys- in selected population groups Free supply of penicillin Strengthening of training centres Measures to discourage prostitution PHC should be provided with communication facility Initiation National Venereal disease control programme CHAPTERS VIII. Professional Education. IX. Research. X. The Population Problem. XI. Drugs and Medical Supplies. XII. Legislation. XIII. Indigenous Systems of Medicine. XIV. Health Administration. XV. Financial Aspects and Conclusion. CHAPTER VIII PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION “The whole efficiency of the medical services of any country ultimately depends upon the standards which that country has adopted for and which re prevalent among the general practitioners”. CHAPTER VIII PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION (a) No. of colleges had increased. (b) Shortage of qualified teachers by 2,000. (c) AIIMS (1956) was no exception. (d) Insufficient English knowledge as a hindrance to admissions. (e) Over evaluation of under-taught students. CHAPTER VIII PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION (f) Pay scale disparity of clinical and non-clinical professors. (g) Non uniformity in the admission procedures, internships and even recruitment of faculty. (h) Need to formulate methods of selection for PG. (j) Upgradation of Post-graduate teaching institutions in allied fields to be at par. RECOMMENDATIONS PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION (Chapter VIII) RECOMMENDATIONS PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION (Chapter VIII) UG • • • • • • • One medical college for at least 5 million population Number of admissions should not ordinarily exceed 100 Selection based on the merit only Integrated method of teaching involving professors of both clinical & para-clinical subjects Teacher-student ratio be increased to 1:5 PSM should be taught right from the start of course 3 months of internship period should be spent in RECOMMENDATIONS PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION (Chapter VIII) PG Establishment of 6 regional PG centers in addition to AIIMS during the 3rd plan At least one well developed PG centre of training in each state Admission should be on a regional basis National Council for PG education should take charge of the inspection, recognition etc Granting of PG diploma courses Refresher courses for general practitioners & service doctors Liaison between Indian & Foreign universities RECOMMENDATIONS MEDICAL RESEARCH (Chapter IX) RECOMMENDATIONS MEDICAL RESEARCH (Chapter IX) The research institutes-the source for two types of research activities – fundamental & field research ICMR-a central organization to collect information from international centers Research unit set up in every medical college Research facilities in every post graduate medical centre Attached statistics unit in every research institute Augmentation & better utilization of funds pertaining to industrial health & research schemes by common pooling of resources of Railways, Labour, Health & Industrial Ministries CHAPTERS VIII. Professional Education. IX. Research. X. The Population Problem. XI. Drugs and Medical Supplies. XII. Legislation. XIII. Indigenous Systems of Medicine. XIV. Health Administration. XV. Financial Aspects and Conclusion. CHAPTER X THE POPULATION PROBLEM (a) National Family Planning Programme: (i) Service (ii) Training (iii) Education (iv) Research (b) Rate of increase of population: 1901-1911 6.4 1921-1931 10.6 1931-1941 13.6 1951-1961 21.5 RECOMMENDATIONS POPULATION PROBLEM (Chapter X) RECOMMENDATIONS POPULATION PROBLEM (Chapter X) Family Planning services: Demographic, sociological and anthropological studies for deciding contraceptive methods suited to each area Setting up of plants for the indigenous manufacture of contraceptive appliances Strengthening of educational aspects of Family Planning movement Each & every health worker should be oriented in methods of Family Planning RECOMMENDATIONS DRUGS & MEDICAL SUPPLIES (Chapter XI) Stringent measures be taken to enforce the conditions of licensing. Establishment of fully equipped analytical labs in states having substantial drug manufacture Attachment of research wings with selected laboratories. The import, manufacture, distribution & sale of drugs should be confined to the list prepared by the expert committee. CHAPTERS VIII. Professional Education. IX. Research. X. The Population Problem. XI. Drugs and Medical Supplies. XII. Legislation. XIII. Indigenous Systems of Medicine. XIV. Health Administration. XV. Financial Aspects and Conclusion. LEGISLATION (Chapter XII) Universities should accept IMC laid down standards. Recognition of degrees should be with reference to universities. No necessity for IMC to seek approval of other countries’ medical councils towards recognition of Indian degrees. Reconstituted Post graduate committee of IMC Registration is must to start practice. Legislative action in regard to radiological clinics. Each state should have a PHA of its own on the basis of the MPHA framed by the Ministry of health. CHAPTERS VIII. Professional Education. IX. Research. X. The Population Problem. XI. Drugs and Medical Supplies. XII. Legislation. XIII. Indigenous Systems of Medicine. XIV. Health Administration. XV. Financial Aspects and Conclusion. INDIGENEOUS SYSTEM OF MEDICINE (Chapter XIII) Establishment of Chairs of Indian system of medicine in all medical colleges. Promote integration of Modern Medicine and Ayurveda. Setting The up of PG centers in Ayurveda. Central & State Govts should provide sufficient financial support to trainees in ISM. CHAPTERS VIII. Professional Education. IX. Research. X. The Population Problem. XI. Drugs and Medical Supplies. XII. Legislation. XIII. Indigenous Systems of Medicine. XIV. Health Administration. XV. Financial Aspects and Conclusion. HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (Chapter XIV) • Central level • • • • • Create an ‘All India Health service’ similar to ‘Indian Administrative service’ Establishment of a health intelligence bureau in central health organization. Formation of a separate division on medical education in DGHS Separate section dealing with international health matters in the directorate Health education bureau should be set up in the central & state health directorates HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (Chapter XIV) State Level Health directorate in each state headed by DHS State Health Advisory Board District level District Medical & Health Officer Peripheral level PHC medical officers should belong to the state cadre Directly answerable to DHS THANK YOU