Course Name: Digital System Design
Course Number and Section: 14:332:437:xx
Experiment: Colloquium No. 2 Adventure Game
Lab Instructor:
Swapnil Mhaske
Date Performed: 9/30/2016
Date Submitted: 10/14/2016
Submitted by:
Name: Nikhil Nelson ; RUID: 150006182
--------------------------------For Lab Instructor Use ONLY------------------------------GRADE:
_________
COMMENTS:
_______________________________________________
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
School of Engineering
Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854
ECE Lab Report Structure
1. Purpose / Introduction / Overview – describe the problem and provide background information
2. Approach / Method – the approach took, how problems were solved
3. Results – present your data and analysis, experimental results, etc.
4. Conclusion / Summary – what was done and how it was done
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LAB REPORT FOR 14:332:437:03;
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Purpose
The goal of this lab was to implement an adventure game in the form of a
sequential circuit. In order to do this, we had to create a finite state machine. The
first step was to create a state transition table for the state machine. The current
state represented the room that the player was in, along with inputs for a reset and
directions that the player should move in. From the transition table, we were able
to derive the combination logic for the next states as well as the logic functions for
each of the outputs. Lastly, we built the schematic in Quartus and performed the
simulations in Modelsim.
LAB REPORT FOR 14:332:437:03;
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Approach
My approach was to first create the state transition table and logic equations for the
room finite state machine. After that, I dealt with the state transition table and logic
equations for the sword state machine. I used a binary representation for the states,
so the number of bits which equals the number of D flip-flops needed which is
given by the ceiling of log2(number of states).
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State transition table for room FSM
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D flip flop equations for room FSM
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Output Equations for room FSM
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Sword FSM state transition table w/ state encoding
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Sword FSM D flip flop equation and Output Equation
Through these logic functions, I was able to build the circuit in Quartus and do the simulations in
ModelSim
LAB REPORT FOR 14:332:437:03;
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Results
1) Please indicate how many hours you spent on this lab. This will not affect your
grade, but will be helpful for calibrating the workload for next semester’s labs.
Spent a total of five hours. Most of which was spent drawing the room schematic in
quartus.
2) Completed state transition diagram for the “Room” FSM.
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3) a. Room binary encodings
b. Sword binary encodings
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4) a. Room Transition table
b. Sword Transition Table
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5) a. Room FSM equations
Flip Flop Equations
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Output equations
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b. Sword FSM Equations
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6) Room FSM schematic
b. Sword Schematic
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7) Full Schematic
8) Waveforms
a) Win
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b) Death
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Conclusion
In this lab, we learned how to implement finite state machines using sequential
logic circuit components. More specifically, we learned how to implement them
with D flip flops. Furthermore, we learned how to create state transition tables that
involve several variables and how to derive the necessary logic functions from
them. Implementing the room FSM was a very tedious process. The reason this
was the case was because I used binary encoding as opposed to on-hot encoding.
However, there are tradeoffs associated with each encoding scheme. If I use binary
encoding, I use less bits, but more logic gates. On the other hand, if I use one-hot
encoding the opposite happens; I have more bits but less logic gates. More
concretely, one-hot encoding would require 7 D flip flops, while binary encoding
would require 3 flip flops. It was a fairly tedious lab, but I gained a better
understanding of state machine implementation through it.
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