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Define a hazardous material.
Identify requirements of hazardous material
transportation and storage.
Describe various modes of transportation and
storage of hazardous materials.
Refresh personnel on types of marking,
labeling, and placarding of hazardous
materials.
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Any substance or material that possesses an
unreasonable risk to health and safety of
persons and/or the environment if it is not
properly controlled during handling, storage,
manufacture, processing, packaging, use,
disposal, or transportation.
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The USDOT issues most of the “Transportation”
regulations in Title 49 – Transportation, Code
of Federal Regulations (49 CFR).
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The Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) are
in the volume containing Parts 100-185 and
govern the transportation of hazardous
materials in all modes of transportation – air,
highway, rail and water.
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The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) has the
force of the law.
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Vessels or receptacles that hold material
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Provide clues about the substance contained
within.
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Usually have a characteristic shape and size
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Major concerns: Pressurized or Nonpressurized
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Bulk and non-bulk
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Pressure and non-pressure
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Bulk-capacity fixed-facility containment
systems and transportation packaging
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Contain more than 119 gallons of liquid (or)
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More than 882 pounds (bulk)
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These Include:
 Fixed tanks
 Highway cargo tanks
 Rail tank cars
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Buildings
Aboveground storage tanks
Machinery
Underground storage tanks
Pipelines
Reactors or Vats
Open piles or bins
Storage Cabinets
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Hold contents under pressure
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Low-pressure storage tanks – Operating
pressures from 0.5 to 15 psi (3.45 kPa to 103
kPa) {0.03 bar to 1.03 bar}
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Pressure vessels – Pressures of 15+ psi (103
kPa) {1.03 bar} or greater
 Railroad cars
 Cargo tanks
 Intermodal containers
 Vessel cargo carriers
 Unit loading devices
 Intermediate bulk containers
 Ton containers
 Covered hopper cars
 Uncovered (open top) hopper cars
 Pneumatically unloaded hopper cars
 Boxcars and gondolas
 Gasoline and petroleum products
 Other flammable combustible
liquids
 6,000 to 10,000 gallons
 Remote emergency shut-off valves
 3 p.s.i.
 Flammable liquids
 Mild corrosives
 Poisons
 6000 to 7000 Gallons
 40 p.s.i.
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5,000 - 6,000 gallons
Carries corrosives, such as:
▪ Concentrated sulfuric acid
▪ Phosphoric acid
▪ Sodium hydroxide
▪ High density liquids
 Carries materials such as
anhydrous ammonia and liquid
propane
 1000 to 11,000 gallons
 100 – 500 p.s.i.
Extremely low temperature cargo such
as liquid nitrogen and argon
 During normal operation, valves vent
puffs of white vapor
 Explosion hazard with incorrect valve
operation
 25 p.s.i.
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Used to Transport:
 Powders
 Pellets
 Fertilizers
 grain
 For both shipping and storage
 Hold between 5000 and 6000
gallons
 Pressurized and non-pressurized
 Can contain refrigerated liquefied
gases (cryogenic liquids)
 Found at water treatment facilities and industries
conducting large-scale bleaching
 Valves contained on end protected by a domed cap
 Usually contain chlorine and sulfur dioxide
 Bags
 Carboys and jerry cans
 Cylinders
 Drums
 Deward flasks
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Store a wide variety of
substances
55- gallon capacity most
common
Can be made of cardboard,
polyethylene, and stainless
steel as well
 Holds 5 – 15
Gallons
 Can be glass or
plastic
 Many times
found inside
cardboard boxes
 Come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes
 Used to contain different types of pressurized gases
 Valvage is protected, some by removable cap used during
transport
Adopted by U.S., Canada, and Mexico
Establishes minimum requirements for
transport by all modes of transportation
 Facilitates trade and safe, efficient
transport
 Includes standards for packaging and
multimodal tanks
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The DOT uses labels, placards, and markings (such as
these found in the ERG) to give responders a general
idea of the hazard inside a particular container or cargo
tank.
Labels and Placards
RED = Flammable substances
GREEN = Non-Flammable substances
ORANGE = Explosives
YELLOW = Oxidizers
BLUE = Water Reactive
WHITE = Poisons
Class 1 - Explosives
Class 2 - Gases
 Class 3 - Flammable liquids
 Class 4 - Flammable solids, substances
liable to spontaneous combustion,
substances that emit flammable gases
on contact with water
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Class 5 - Oxidizing substances and
organic peroxides
 Class 6 - Toxic and infectious substances
 Class 7 - Radioactive materials
 Class 8 - Corrosive substances
 Class 9 - Miscellaneous dangerous
substances and articles
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Multiple Hazards
Blast overpressure
Shock waves
Fragmentation
Additional fires
Multiple Hazards:
BLEVE . . . Explosion
Asphyxiation . . . Toxicity
Frostbite . . .
Corrosiveness
Reactivity
Multiple Hazards:
Fire . . . BLEVE
Combustion Explosion
Toxicity . . . Reactivity
Contaminate H2O
Vapors heavier than air
Multiple Hazards:
Air reactive . . . Water
reactive
Spontaneous combustion
Ignite easily . . . Burn
violently
Toxic/Corrosive
5.1 Multiple Hazards:
Supply oxygen
Sensitive to heat, shock, friction
React with organic materials
Form ignitable materials
5.2 Multiple Hazards:
Supplies oxygen
Very sensitive to heat, shock,
friction
Release heat
Toxic
Multiple Hazards:
Container rupture
Contamination of water
Flammability
Multiple Hazards:
External & Internal
exposure
Fire may destroy
shielding
Contamination
• Major Hazard:
Burns/
emulsification skin damage
• 2nd most common HazMat
• A liquid or solid that causes visible
or irreversible alterations in human
skin tissue at the site of contact or
a liquid that has a severe corrosion
rate on steel or aluminum.
• A material that presents a hazard
during transport, but that is not
included on another hazard class
• Division 9.1 - Miscellaneous
Dangerous Goods (Canada)
• Division 9.2 - Environmentally
Hazardous Substances (Canada)
• Division 9.3 - Dangerous Wastes
(Canada)
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Diamond-shaped (any size)
Blue diamond = health hazard
Red diamond = flammability
Yellow diamond = reactivity
White diamond = special
information
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Requires employers to:
 identify hazards in workplace
and train employees how to
recognize these hazards
 ensure that all containers are
labeled, tagged, or marked with
identity of substances contained
along with appropriate hazard
warnings
Danger or
Stop
Warning
Caution
Safety
Equipment
Safety
Information
Signage
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Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 Chemical makeup, potential hazards, first aid in the event of
exposure
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Shipping papers
 Names, addresses of shipper and recipient
 Quantity of chemical, weight of shipment
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Resource for responders
Detailed profile of chemical/mixture
Provided by the manufacturer/supplier
Describes physical and chemical properties
Has toxicology info
Basically, contains info about chemical
composition, physical and chemical
properties, health and safety hazards,
emergency response, and waste disposal of a
material.
• Basic Information on Shipping Paper
– Shipper’s Name and Address
– Receiver’s Name and Address
– List of Shipped Materials
• Basic Entries on Shipping
– Proper Shipping Name
– Hazard Class & Division
– UN/NA Identification Number
– STCC (Standard Transportation Commodity Code) Number
– CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) Number
– Type and quantity of containers
– Quantity of material
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Chemical Inventory Lists (CILs)
Shipping and receiving documents
Inventory records
Risk management and hazardous
communication plans
Emergency response plans developed by the
LEPC
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Fire department personnel must:
 Interpret visual clues to mitigate hazardous
material incidents
 Recognize container profiles and materials
that may be stored inside each type.
 Name, understand, locate shipping papers
 Be familiar with all types of chemical transport
vehicles.