DESIGN AND SIMULATION
OF MICROCONTROLLER BASED ELECTRONIC
ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER FOR SMALL POWER
TRANSFORMER
By: Lencho Ephrem
AAiT
March,2022
Motivation
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We observe that most of production industries are
suffering a lot from power interruption in case of power
quality and efficiency as the result of manual tap
changing system of the transformer.
As a result, I will try to do something that makes
improve the quality of power.
The better way to do is that changing the mechanical
system of tap change to programmable microcontroller
tap changing of transformer to reduce the power
consumption.
Introduction
In this project we investigate specifically voltage requirements.
 We use tap changing transformer to see how the voltage works
in an electric system and we analyze the relationships with
other aspects of the system’s performance, like power quality
and efficiency.
 Earlier mechanical type of on load tap changers were apply But
they had considerable limitations and drawbacks like arcing,
high maintenance, service costs and slow reaction times
 Thus in this research, we will discover the best ways of how to
increase the efficiency of the transformer and improve power
quality by using microcontroller based electronic OLTC of
transformer.
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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
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Most of the transformer tap changer we are using
now is the mechanical tap changers which have
different problems of operation that need a regular
maintenance.
Since, we are not using our transformers efficiently and
adverse economic effect in the country‘s growth.
But the electronic on load tap changer transformer have
a better solution for transformer efficiency and power
quality that have a constructive effect in all aspects.
OBJECTIVE
General objective
 The main target of this project is to design and
simulate a Microcontroller based electronic on-load tapchanger for small power transformer.
Specific objectives
 To design of a full electronic on load tap changing for small
power transformer including its controlling circuit that
consists of a power electronic switching devices
controlled by a microcontroller.
 To model the designed of tap changing transformer.
 To simulate the overall system for investigation of its
behavior under various operating conditions using proteus.
Scope of the study
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The scope of our project is designing and
simulation of a Microcontroller based electronic
on-load tap-changer for small power
transformer.
METHODOLOGY
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Organizing the all collective sources and prepare the way to do.
Prepare the proposal that include the time frame, material required
and predict the overall cost.
designing the transformer model, then designed the static switches
using triac as a switching device.
After this , I have designed the bridge rectifier which changes
the step downed AC voltage from the voltage sensor, a potential
transformer, into a DC equivalent voltage which suitable for the
microcontroller.
Selecting all the hardware required to do this project practically.
Finally, concluded the theory parts and then I try to do our project in
LAB practically if materials exists, else we show our result by some
appropriate software such as ATMEL and PROTEUS.
Then we will try to compare the simulation result with the practical
or actual application of the system.
Tentative Project Plan
We planned the project to reach its simulation final at the end of the semester
Case study
and
proposal
presentation
Transformer
designon
proteus
Design of the
static
switches
using triac as
switching
device
Design
the
bridge
rectifier
Simulation of
the project
Final
presentation
time
Week 1
Week 2
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Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Week 7
Week 8
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Week 9
Week 10 Week 11 Week 12
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Thank you!!