Flights Over Water – References and Information
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CAR 175A – Restrictions on IFR Flights
single engine aircraft
CAR 258 – flights over water
AIP ENR 1.1 – 63. Flights over water
ERSA SP-1 – Bass Strait Crossings
CAO 82.3 – Conditions AOC RPT less
than High Capacity
CAO 20.11 - Emergency & life saving
equipment
CASA 113/09 – Direction – Flights
over water
CASA 113/09 – Minute
CASA 113/09 – SFR
CASA ASETPA - Certificate
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Cessna 208 Caravan – Certification basis
and MTOW
Cessna 208B Caravan – Certification
basis and MTOW
Cessna 208B – Seating Certification
SKYTRANS – AOC Cessna Caravans
Cessna C208/B – Glide Range Chart
Pilatus PC-12 – Glide Range Chart
TBM-700 (900) – Glide Range Chart
Emails – Eastern Region
Draft Direction – Flights over water
Legal Opinion
ICAO Annex 6 Part 1, 5.4.1
ICAO An6Pt1 – Appendix 3 – Additional
Requirements
ICAO An6Pt1 – Attachment G –
Additional Guidance
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CAR 175A – IFR Single Engine
CAR 175A allows IFR flight in S/E aircraft
By operations:
• PVT
• AWK
• CHTR (Cargo Only)
and
• RPT & CHTR (Pax)
if:
• Operator is approved by CASA to
conduct the operation
and
• Aircraft is ASETPA (approved)
Does not specify limits to where flights
can be operated. IFR approval.
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CAR 258 – Flights over water
CAR 258(1) says an aircraft
must not be flown fly over
water at a distance that if an
engine fails you cannot make
‘land’.
However;
CAR258(3)(a) says you can if
you do so IAW directions
issued by CASA.
113/09 is that direction.
(but that direction has some
‘holes’ in it.)
RPT was not omitted, it was
deliberately not included.
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AIP ENR 1.1 – 63 Flights over water
ENR 1.1 63.1 appears to
readers to describe
alleviation to CAR258.
113/09 empowers 63.2 for
S/E aircraft but does not do
so for non-performing M/E
aircraft. (In other words, nonperf M/E have to make land)
(ergo: 63.2 is not fully
correct)
63.3 in incorrect in that
119/03 does not cover freight
CHTR
Note1: No mention of RPT
(never envisaged being approved)
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ERSA SP-1
This is the rule
that preceded
113/09.
The distances
between exceed
the glide
capability of S/E
Just because AIP
says you must
take this route,
does not
alleviate the
requirements of
CAR258 re glide.
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CAO 82.3 – Low Cap RPT
CAO 82.3 RPT Other than
High Capacity
82.3(6) certification & Perf
The requirements for CAO
20.7.2 performance are
turned off by approvals
under CAR175 (ASETPA
Approval)
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CAO 20.11
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CASA 113/09
GW Note: Does not
authorise ‘cargo only
charter’.
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CASA 113/09
Minute
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CASA 113/09
SFR
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GW Note: This does not address (is
silent on) the classification of the
operations considered.
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ASETPA
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C208 Certification & MTOW
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C208B Certification & MTOW
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C208B Certification Seating
• US FAA – Max 9 Passengers (+1
or 2 crew)
• International NAAs – Up to 14
Seats (including crew 1 or 2)
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Registered
C208s
for Skytrans
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PC-12
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TBM-700 (900)
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GW Note:
The approach should be: RPT not allowed,
Charter under certain conditions.
Just because Charter can do it, does NOT
mean that RPT should be able.
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Legal Opinion
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ICAO – Annex 6 Part 1
5.4.1 - Requirements
GW Note: Annex 6 Part 1 is Air transport
(no distinction between Charter and RPT,
they have the same requirements under
ICAO).
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ICAO – Annex 6 Part 1
Appendix 3 - Requirements
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ICAO – Annex 6 Part 1
Appendix 3 - Requirements
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ICAO – Annex 6 Part 1
Attachment G - Guidance
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ICAO – Annex 6 Part 1
Attachment G - Guidance
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AOCM
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Operator Approvals (AOC)
Operations Approvals – OPS MANUALS
Can it be approved – in law
Should it be approved – AOCM etc.
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AIRCRAFT
CONDITIONS
Legislation
MultiEngine
(Non-perf)
Single
Engine
ASETPA
Single
Engine
non-ASET
Over Land
Over Water
Day
Night
Weather
EMER Equip
CAR175A
IFR by S/E
Not
Applicable to
M/E
CHTR (Pax)
RPT
Both Require:
operator &
operations
approved by
CASA.
PVT
AWK
CHTR (F)
Does not
impose a limit
Does not
impose a limit
Does not
specify
Does not
specify
Allows for
flight under
IFR,
including
IMC. Does
not impose
weather
limits
Does not specify
CAR258
Flight Over
Water
Non-perf M/E
must be able
to reach ‘land’
*Unless IAW
Direction
Must be able
to reach ‘land’
*Unless IAW
Direction
Must be able
to reach ‘land’
*Unless IAW
Direction
Not Applicable
to over-land
operations
Limits apply to
S/E and nonperf M/E
Does not
consider
or specify
Does not
consider or
specify
Does not
consider or
specify
Does not specify
CASA
113/09
*Direction:
Flight Over
Water
Not
Applicable to
M/E
CHTR (Pax)
RPT
Within 25NM
of ‘land area
suitable for
EMER landing’
PVT
AWK
CHTR (F)
Not Applicable
to over-land
operations
Provides
alleviation to
CAR258.
S/E PVT & AWK:
Unlimited dist.
CHTR(Pax): Max
dist 25NM to
EMER ldg.
RPT and
CHTR(F): no
alleviation.
(glide to land
required)
Does not
consider
or specify
Does not
consider or
specify
Does not
consider or
specify
Requires 1 life jacket
per occupant when
outside glide to ‘land’
Comments /
Summary
Non-perf M/E
must comply
with CAR258.
i.e. be within
glide of ‘land’.
Over-water
outside glide
to EMER
landing
ignores
altitude/dist
relationship.
PVT and AWK
unlimited.
NO Legislative
limits on overland RPT or
CHTR(pax)
ASETPA.
(Other than
implied through
operation/
operator
approval)
No
consideration of
sea surface state
and
temperature,
SAR facilities
and capacity,
No
Legislative
limits on
Night
operations
No
Legislative
limits on
IMC cloud
ceiling and
visibility enroute for
EMER
landing.
CAO 20.11
(5.1) Requires 1 life
jacket per occupant
when outside glide
range to EMER
landing.
No alleviation
under 113/09
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(5.2) Life Rafts - does
not envisage S/E
CHTR(Pax) or S/E RPT.
5.2.2 allows CASA to
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direct carriage.
AIRCRAFT
CONDITIONS
NonLegislative
Documents
MultiEngine
(Non-perf)
Single
Engine
ASETPA
Single
Engine
Over Land
Over Water
Day
Night
Weather
EMER Equip
AIP ENR 1.1
63 Flight over
water
CHTR (F)#
CHTR (Pax)25NM#
CHTR (Pax)25NM
PVT
AWK
CHTR (F)#
Not Applicable
to over-land
operations
Differs from
Instrument
113/09 in
distances .
Other
conditions are
same.
Does not
impose
limits
Does not
impose
limits
Does not
impose
limits
Points to CAO 20.11
RPT require
ASETPA Safety
distance =
15min cruise +
glide to 1000’
Refers to
Landing.
(Ditching??)
No limit
imposed
No limit
imposed
No limit
imposed
No limit imposed
# different
from
Legislation
AOCM (New)
Flight Over
Water
Comments /
Summary
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Notassessed
(Silent on
RPT)
# different
from
Legislation
AOCM approves
RPT on over
water
Operations
despite no
legislative head
of power.
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