12
Discipline and Ideas
in Applied Social
Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Goals and Scope of Counseling
Grade 12 Humanities and Social Sciences: Discipline and Ideas in
Applied Social Sciences
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Goals and scope of counseling
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist
in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of
the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be
necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their
respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek
permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The
publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Ana Rose B. Reyes
Editors: Name
Reviewers: Name
Illustrator: Name
Layout Artist: Name
Management Team: Name of Regional Director
Name of CLMD Chief
Name of Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Regional ADM Coordinator
Name of CID Chief
Name of Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Name of Division ADM Coordinator
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education – Region (Ex. Department of EducationRegion III)
Office Address:
Telefax:
E-mail Address:
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
12
Discipline and
Ideas in Applied
Social Sceinces
Quarter 1 – Module 2 :
(Goals and scope of Counseling)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the
Grade 12 Discipline and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences HUMSS Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on (Goals and scope of
Counseling)
This module was designed, developed and reviewed by educators from public
institutions to assist you in continuing education amidst the pandemic that
challenged the educational system of our country. The teacher or facilitator
in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in
schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances. In this new normal
settings.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the
learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
2
For the learner:
Welcome to the Grade 12 Discipline and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences
(HUMSS) Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on (Goals and scope of
Counseling)
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn,
create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies
that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the
relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic
success lies in your own hands.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to
Know
This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What I Know
This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.
What’s In
This is a brief drill or review to help you
link the current lesson with the previous
one.
What’s New
In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such
as a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.
What is It
This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding
and skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
3
What I Have
Learned
This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.
What I Can Do
This section provides an activity which
will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life situations
or concerns.
Assessment
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional
Activities
In this portion, another activity will be
given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.
Answer Key
This contains answers to all activities in
the module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References
This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!
4
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written for you Grade 12 Humanities and
Social Sciences students. This module introduces disciplines and ideas that
form part of applied social sciences. It focuses on counseling, social work and
communication. This will also show the interconnectivity of the different
disciplines of social sciences while focusing on the applications of applied
social sciences. It sets the goal of encouraging the development of strong
social responsibility among the learners and youth of the nation for better
response despite of the challenges we are facing now.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. identify the goals and scope of counseling;
2. understand what is counseling for;
3. Value importance of counseling.
5
What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. What do you call the professionals that focused on giving advice and help
people to understand better life situation?
a. Adviser
b. Counselor
c. Social Worker
d. Teacher
2. It is the provision of assistance and guidance, in resolving personal,
social, or psychological problems and difficulties especially by a
professional.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Career guidance
Communication
Counseling
Counselor
3. Counseling is considered to be a safe place for people who seek for advice
and help because:
a. Clients are not being judged and free from criticism
b. You are being treated inside the facility with complete amenities
c. Clients are well surrounded by guards 24/7
d. There are no tape and video recorder inside the facility
4. How does behavioral change occur in counseling?
a. When the client gave up all his interests and start as a new person
b. When a client imitates hi or her counselor
c. When a client change behavior and turned out to be more depressed.
d. When a client can adopt to a new life situation and understands why
it is happening already.
6
Lesson
2
GOALS AND SCOPE OF
COUNSELING
Counseling has been importantly seemingly since the dawn of society.
From parents and grandparents, family members, educators, and other
members of society, even to community leaders providing guidance to
residents, counseling seems to have always been a natural part of human
experiences.
From the period of Industrial Revolution when people learned to migrate
from one place to another it also transferred the culture and became
separated from their traditional counselors. This has also been a wide choice
of career that prosper from the giving of advice to the clients and help them
realize their current situation and cope up with difficulties in life.
Nowadays as we face this pandemic, a lot of people are in situation
which affects different aspects such as emotionally, psychologically, mentally
and even physically.
What’s In
Let us know if we still remember the relationships and differences of Social
Sciences and Applied Social Sciences. Complete the following phrases:
Social Sciences is _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
While Applied Social Science is _________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Therefore, it is _________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
7
Notes to the Teacher
Answers in some activities may vary from the opinion and
ideas of learners.
What’s New
Read the short essay below.
Counseling is the activity where all the facts are gathered together and the
experiences of the students are focused upon the particular problem to be
solved by him, where he is given direct and personal help in solving his
problems. We can organize counseling services in our school.
We can use counseling services for solving various problems of our students.
For this class teach will play a role of counselor because he/she knows
students more deeply the subject teacher. We can organize both directive and
non-directive counseling services. In directive counseling, we can provide
counseling to students’ b having their problems in main focus.
As for example, a student is facing some particular problems in completing
project work. The student is not doing well in this project work due to his/her
personal problem. We can solve this problem by providing him counseling
service. In non-directive counseling student goes to get help to counselor.
Think for any situation like this that you experience way back in your previous
year in school. We’re you able o manage it through counseling? If yes with
whom? If no, why not?
What is It
As defined in Oxford languages, “counseling” is the provision of assistance
and guidance, in resolving personal, social, or psychological problems and
difficulties specially by a professional.
8
While, Merriam-Webster defines it as professional guidance of the
individual by utilizing psychological methods specially in collecting case
history data, using various techniques of the personal interview and testing
interests and aptitudes.
In the world of sociology, counseling is “the process of guiding a person
during a stage of life when reassessment of decisions has to made about
himself or herself and his or her life course”.
The professionals that has an expertise on counseling are “counselors”.
They are professionally trained and certified to perform such actions. In
which, they focus on giving advice or guidance in decision-making in the most
significant times in able for the client to explore more and understand what
they are facing with and find better ways in resolving their personal problems.
Counselors can also have an expertise in dealing with marital issues, family,
youth, student and other life transition situations.
In wider view, counseling is considered as the “heart” of guidance
service as it designed to bring change in the behavior, feelings, and attitudes.
Appraisal and assessment are two essential aid in counseling to gather
information from the clients that can be done through some psychological
tests and non-psychometric devices.
But definitely counseling is far from the concept of psychiatry that deals
with the treatment of the mental ill by medically-trained professionals by the
use of clinical method.
Goals of counseling
Behaviour change
Promote decision
Making
Facilitates clients
potential
Improving
Relationships
Enchancing
coping skills
Based on the diagram shown above, counseling brings behavioral
change to client if he or she will be able to live more productive and
satisfying life by using specific goals than general ones. It can also improve
one’s relationship towards other people and make its client to cope easily in
every situation he or she is into. Counseling also improves personal
effectiveness by using abilities and and interests. And provide assistance in
decision making that leads to a successful outcome.
9
Counseling is helpful for people looking for ways of managing better in
their lives. It is confidential and a safe place at the same time because there
you are free to talk about your thoughts without being criticized.
The scope of counseling is wide. Essentially, it involves application of
some psychological theories and recognized communication skills. It is a
professional relationship that requires an eventual closure and termination of
the counselee-counselor relationships.
Counseling is a collaborative effort between the counselor and client.
Professional counselors help clients identify goals and potential solutions to
problems which cause emotional turmoil; seek to improve communication
and coping skills, strengthen self-esteem; and promote behavior change and
optimal mental health.
According to Jacqueline A. Stinton, Ph. D. a registered psychologist the
scope of counseling can be:
1. Individual counseling
2. Marital and Pre-marital counseling
3. Family Counseling
What’s More
Activity 1.1. Picture analysis.
Based on the picture shown below, construct your own meaning of counseling considering
the concepts discussed above.
Points system:
10 points – 5 words from the picture with integration the goals and scope of
counseling
8 Points – 4 words from the picture with integration the goals and scope of
10
counseling
6 Points – 3 words from the picture with integration the goals and scope of
counseling
4 Points – 2 words from the picture with integration the goals and scope of
counseling
2 Points – 1 word from the picture with integration the goals and scope of
counseling
1 Point - for the effort.
Activity 1.2. Counseling challenge!
List possible life situation that can be addressed in counseling according to its different
scope. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Follow the diagram below.
Individual
Marital and pre-marital
counseling
Family counseling
11
What I Have Learned
I
therefore
learned
that
counseling
is
important
because
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
What I Can Do
In the situation we are facing now amidst the pandemic and life challenges,
how can you of help to your fellow learners as a young counselor? Site your
answers in 5-10 sentences.
Assessment
Short Quiz. Answer the following questions. Write only the letter of the
correct answer.
1. Counseling is considered as the _____ of guidance service.
a. Balance
b. Core
c. Heart
d. Priority
2. “The process of guiding a person during a stage of life when
reassessment of decisions has to made about himself or herself and his
or her life course”. This meaning of counseling came from:
a. Oxford dictionary
b. Merriam Webster
c. Field of Sociology
d. Field of Psychology
3. Counseling is a collaborative effort of counselor and _____.
12
a. Client
b. Counselor
c. Manager
d. Principal
4. As a counselor, they are obliged to decide what the client will do in
able for him/her to solve the problem.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. None of the above
5. The process in treating mental illness is just the same in the process
of counseling where it needs clinical treatment using hospital
facilities.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. None of the above
Additional Activities
Interview one family member and ask him or her if there were times they
experience life situation problems or difficulties in life. Ask for a short details
about the problem they had, and ask how did they cope up with it? After
hearing what they shared. Write on separate sheet of paper what would be
your advice to them if given a chance to become a counselor.
References
An Article shared by: Tanvi Jain
https://www.preservearticles.com/essay-for-students/short-essays-on-counseling-services-inschool/10290
American cousenling Association
https://www.counseling.org/aca-community/learn-about-counseling/what-is-counseling#
Jacqueline Stinton, Ph. D. Registered Psychologist
http://jackiestinton.com/scope-of-counselling/
Discipline and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences by Elias M. Sampa
13
Answer Key
Assessment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
C
C
A
B
B
What I
know?
1.
2.
3.
4.
B
C
A
D
2