CPA Review Audit of Liabilities PROBLEM NO.1 PUKPOK, INC. is a manufacturer and retailer of household furniture. Your audit of the company’s financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017; discloses the following debt obligations of the company at the end of its reporting period. Pukpok’s financial statements are authorized for issuance on March 06, 2018. 1. A P200,000 short-term obligation due on March 01, 2018. Its maturity could be extended to March 01, 2020, provided Pukpok agrees to provide additional collateral. On February 12, 2018, an agreement is reached to extend the loan’s maturity to March 01, 2020. 2. A short-term obligation of P4,200,000 in the form of notes payable due February 05,2018. The company issued 80,000 ordinary shares for P40 per share on January 25, 2018. The proceeds from the issuance, plus P1,000,000 cash, were used to fully settle the debt on February 05, 2018. 3. A long-term obligation of P1,500,000 due on December 01, 2027. On November 10, 2017, Pukpok breaches a covenant on its debt obligation and the loan becomes payable on demand. An agreement is reached to provide a waiver of the breach on January 11, 2018. 4. A long-term obligation of P4,000,000. The loan is maturing over 8 years in the amount of P500,000 per year. The loan is dated September 01, 2017, and the first maturity date is September 01, 2018. 5. A debt obligation of P600,000 maturing on December 31, 2020. The debt is callable on demand be the lender at any time. Requirements: 1. What amount of current liabilities should be reported on the December 31, 2017, statement of financial position? a. P7,000,000 b. P7,500,000 c. P6,400,000 d. P10,000,000 2. What amount of noncurrent liabilities should be reported on the December 31, 2017, statement of financial position? a. P4,000,000 b. P3,500,000 c. P4,100,000 d. P0 Solution: 1 2 3 Current 200,000 4,200,000 1,500,000 Noncurrent Requirement 4 5 500,000 600,000 7,000,000 3,500,000 Requirement #1- A #2- B 3,500,000 Current liabilities 69 An entity shall classify a liability as current when: (a) it expects to settle the liability in its normal operating cycle; (b) it holds the liability primarily for the purpose of trading; (c) the liability is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or (d) it does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period (see paragraph 73). Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification. An entity shall classify all other liabilities as non-current. PROBLEM NO.2 In connection with the audit of the TIKI-TIKI COMPANY for the year ended December 31, 2017, you are called upon to verify the accounts payable transactions. You find that the company does not make use of a voucher register but enters all merchandise purchases in a Purchases Journal, from which postings are made to a subsidiary accounts payable ledger. The subsidiary ledger balance of P1, 500, 000 as of December 31, 2017, agrees with the accounts payable balance in the company’s general ledger. An analysis of the account disclosed the following: Trade creditors, credit balances Trade creditors, debit balances Net Estimated warranty on products sold Customer’s deposits Due to officers and shareholders for advances Goods received on consignment at selling price (Offsetting debit made to Purchases) P 1, 363, 000 63, 000 1, 300, 000 100, 000 9, 000 50, 000 41, 000 P 1, 500, 000 A further analysis of the “Trade Creditors” debit balances indicates: Date 03/03/15 06/10/16 07/10/17 Item Miscellaneous debit balances prior to 2013. No information available due to loss of records in a fire Amount P 3, 000 Manila Co. – Merchandise returned for credit, but the company is now out of business. 8, 000 Cebu Corp. - Merchandise returned, but Cebu says “never received.” 7, 000 Jolo Distributors – Allowance granted on defective merchandise after the invoice was paid. 5, 000 10/10/17 Bulacan Co. – Overpayment in Invoice 12, 000 12/05/17 Advance to Zambales Co. This company agrees to supply certain articles on a cost-plus basis 24, 000 12/05/17 Goods returned for credit and adjustments on price after the invoices were paid; credit memos from suppliers not yet received. 4, 000 P63, 000 Your next step is to check the invoices in both the paid and the unpaid invoices files against ledger accounts. In this connection, you discover an invoice from Atlas Co. of P45, 000 dated December 12, 2017, marked “Duplicate” which was entered in the Purchases Journal in January 2018. Upon inquiry, you discover that the merchandise covered by this invoice was received and sold, but that the original invoice apparently has not been received. In the bank reconciliation working papers, there is a notation that five checks totaling P63, 000 were prepared and entered in the Cash Disbursements Journal of December, but these checks were not issued until January 10, 2018. The inventory analysis summary discloses goods in transit of P6, 000 at December 31, 2017, not taken up by the company under audit during the year 2017. These goods are included in your adjusted inventory. Requirement: 1. The Accounts payable – Trade balance at December 31, 2017, should be a. P1, 471, 000 b. P1, 614, 000 c. P1, 214, 000 d. P1, 477, 000 2. The net adjustments to Purchases should include a a. Net debit of P51, 000 b. Net credit of P41, 000 c. Net debit of P10, 000 d. Net debit of P73, 000 3. The entry to adjust the Accounts payable account for those accounts with debit balances should include a debit to Miscellaneous losses of a. P18, 000 b. P23, 000 c. P35, 000 d. P39, 000 4. The entry to adjust the Accounts payable account for those accounts with debit balances should include a debit to a. Miscellaneous losses of P23, 000 b. Advances to suppliers of P24, 000 c. Suppliers debit balances of P18, 000 d. Purchases of P21, 000 5. Auditor confirmation of accounts payable balances at the end of the reporting period may be unnecessary because a. There is likely to be other reliable external evidence to support the balances. b. Correspondence with the audit client’s attorney will reveal all legal action by vendors for non-payment. c. This is a duplication of cutoff test. d. Accounts payable at the end of the reporting period may not be paid before the audit is completed. Solution 1. Trade Creditors, Credit balances Trade Creditors, Debit balances Lost invoice Undelivered checks Goods in transit, invoice not recorded Accounts payable adjusted 2. Lost invoice Goods in transit, invoice not received Goods received on consignment Net adjustment to Purchases 3. Miscellaneous debit balance Manila Co. Cebu Corp. Miscellaneous losses AJE – Miscellaneous Loss Accounts Payable 1,300,000 63,000 45,000 63,000 6,000 1,477,000 D 45,000 6,000 (41,000) 10,000 C 3,000 8,000 7,000 18,000 A 18,000 18,000 4. Advance to Zambales Co. 24,000 AJE for trade payables debit Miscellaneous loss Suppliers’ Debit balances Advances to Suppliers Accounts payable 18,000 21,000 24,000 63,000 B 5. There is likely to be other reliable external evidence to support the balances. A Explanation: PAS 1, the presentation and classification of items in the financial statements shall be retained from one period to the next, unless a change is justified either by a change in circumstances or a requirement of new PFRS. PROBLEM NO.3 LAPAYAT CORPORATION, a client, requests that you compute the appropriate balance of its estimated liability for product warranty account for a statement as of June 30, 2017. Lapayat Corporation manufactures television components and sells them with a 6-month warranty under which defective components will be replaced without charge. On December 31, 2016, Estimated Liability for Product warranty had a balance of P 620, 000. By June 30, 2017, this balance had been reduced to P 120, 400 by debits for estimated net cost of components returned that had been sold in 2016. The corporation started out in 2017 expecting 7% of the peso volume of sales to be returned. However, due to the introduction of new models during the year, this estimated percentage of returns was increased to 10% on May 1. It is assumed that no components sold during a given month are returned in that month. Each component is stamped with a date at time of sale so that the warranty may be properly administered. The following table of percentages indicates the likely pattern of sales returns during the 6-month period of the warranty, starting with the month following the sale of components. Month Following Sale First Second Third Fourth through sixth – 10% each month Percentage of Total Returns Expected 30% 20 20 30 100% Gross sales of components were as follows for the first six months of 2017: Month Amount Month January P 4, 200, 000 April February 4, 700, 000 May March 3, 900, 000 June Amount P 3, 250, 000 2, 400, 000 1, 900, 000 The corporation’s warranty also covers the payment of freight cost on defective components returned and on the new components sent out as replacements. This freight cost runs approximately 5% of the sales price of the components returned. The manufacturing cost of the components is roughly 70% of the sales price, and the salvage value of returned components averages 10% of their sales price. Returned components on hand at December 31, 2016, were thus valued in inventory at 10% of their original sales price. Based on the given information, determine the following: 1. Total estimated returns from the sales made during the first 6 months of 2017 a. 2. a. 3. a. 4. a. 5. a. b. P 1, 481, 500 b. P 1, 651, 000 c. P 1, 424, 500 d. Total estimated returns subsequent to June 30, 2017 P 678, 250 b. P 648, 850 c. P 591, 850 d. Estimated loss on component replacement (in percentage of sales price) 65% b. 75% c. 70% d. Required Estimated Liability for Product Warranty balance at June 30, 2017 P 301, 353 b. P 421, 753 c. P 120, 400 d. Required adjustment to liability account P 301, 353 debit c. P 421, 753 debit P 301, 353 d. P 421, 753 credit credit P 1, 553, 500 P 615, 950 80% P 77, 847 Solution: Question 1 Answer: D Month January February March April May June TOTAL Sales P 4, 200, 000 4, 700, 000 3, 900, 000 3, 250, 000 2, 400, 000 1, 900, 000 x x x x x x Estimated Returns (based on Sales) 7% P 294, 000 7 329, 000 7 273, 000 7 227, 500 10 240, 000 10 190, 000 P 1, 553, 500 PAS 37 states that “an entity must recognise a provision if, and only if a present obligation (legal or constructive) has arisen as a result of a past event (the obligating event), payment is probable ('more likely than not'), and the amount can be estimated reliably.” Question 2 Answer: B Percentage of Total Returns Estimated Returns Expected Month (based on Sales) Feb Mar Apr May Jun July – Dec Estimated Returns January P 294, 000 30% 20% 20% 10% 10% x 10% P 29, 400 February 329, 000 30 20 20 10 x 20 65, 800 March 273, 000 30 20 20 x 30 81, 900 April 227, 500 30 20 x 50 113, 750 May 240, 000 30 x 70 168, 000 June 190, 000 x 100 190, 000 TOTAL P 648, 850 PAS 37 states that provision for warranties is recognized when an obligating event occurs (sale of product with a warranty and probable warranty claims will be made). Question 3 Answer: A 70% Cost 5 Add: Freight cost 10 Less: Salvage value 65% Estimated loss on component replacement PAS 37 states that provisions are “measured at the best estimate of the expenditures required to satisfy the obligation at the end of the reporting period, that is, the amount that an entity would rationally pay to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date or to transfer it to a third party.” Question 4 Answer: B P 648, 850 Estimated returns at June 30, 2017 65% Multiply by: Estimated loss on component replacement P 421, 753 Estimated liability for product warranty at June 30, 2017 PAS 37 states that “provisions for large populations measured at a probability-weighted expected value.” Question 5 Answer: B Estimated Liability for Product Warranty P 120, 400 301, 353 P 421, 753 of events (warranties, customer refunds) are 6/30/17 Unadjusted balance Adjustment (squeeze) 6/30/17 Adjusted balance PAS 37 states that provisions are reviewed, adjusted and remeasured at each balance sheet date. PROBLEM NO.4 FEEL NA FEEL, INC. has been producing quality appliances for more than two decades. The company’s fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31. The following information relates to the obligations of Feel Na Feel as of March 31, 2017. Bonds Payable Feel Na Feel issued P10, 000, 000 of 10% bonds on July 1, 2015. The prevailing market rate of interest for these bonds was 12% on the date of issue. The bonds will mature on July 1, 2025. Interest is paid semi-annually on July 1 and January 1. Feel Na Feel uses the effective interest rate method to amortize bond premium or discount. Notes Payable Feel Na Feel has signed several long-term notes with financial institutions. The maturities of these notes are given in the schedule below. The total unpaid interest for all of these notes amounts to P600, 000 on March 31, 2017. Due Date April 1, 2017 July 1, 2017 October 1, 2017 January 1, 2018 April 1, 2018 - March 31, 2019 April 1, 2019 - March 31, 2020 April 1, 2020 - March 31, 2021 April 1, 2021 - March 31, 2022 April 1, 2022 - March 31, 2023 Amount Due P400, 000 600, 000 300, 000 300, 000 1, 200,000 1, 000,000 1, 400,000 800, 000 1, 000,000 P 7, 000, 000 Estimated Warranties Feel Na Feel has a one-year product warranty on some selected items in its product line. The estimated warranty liability on sales made during the 2015-2016 fiscal year and still outstanding as of March 31, 2016, amounted to P180, 000. The warranty costs on sales made from April 1, 2016, through March 31, 2017, are estimated at P520, 000. The actual warranty costs incurred during the current 2016-2017 fiscal year as follows: Warranty claims honored on 2015-2016 sales Warranty claims honored on 2016-2017 sales Total warranty claims honored Other Information: P180, 000 178, 000 P358, 000 1. TRADE PAYABLES Accounts payable for supplies, goods and services purchased on open account amount to P740, 000 as of March 31, 2017. 2. PAYROLL RELATED ITEMS Accrued Salaries and wages Withholding Taxes Payable Other Payroll Deductions P300, 000 94, 000 10, 000 3. MISCELLANEOUS ACCRUALS Other accruals not separately classified amount to P150, 000 as of March 31, 2017. 4. DIVIDENDS On March 15, 2017, Feel Na Feel’s board of directors declared a cash dividend of P0.20 per common share and a 10% ordinary stock dividend. Both dividends were to be distributed on April 12, 2017, to the ordinary shareholders of record at the close of business on March 31, 2017. Data regarding Feel Na Feel ordinary shares are as follows: Par Value P5.00 per share Number of shares issued and outstanding 6,000,000 shares Market Values of Ordinary shares: March 15, 2017 March 31, 2017 April 12, 2017 P22.00 per share 21.50 per share 22.50 per share 1. How much was received by Feel Na Feel from the bonds issued on July 1, 2015? A. P8, 852,960 B. P10,000,000 C. P10,500,000 D.P10,647,040 2. On March 31, 2017, Feel Na Feel’s statement of financial position would report total current liabilities of A. P5,286,000 B. P4,386,000 C. P5,336,000 D. P5,642,000 3. On March 31, 2017, Feel Na Feel’s statement of financial position would report total noncurrent liabilities of A. P14,389,350 B. P14,352,217 C. P14,370,783 D. P14,252,960 Solution: 1. Present value of principal (P10,000,000 x 0.31180) Present value of interest payments P3, 118,000 (P10,000,000 x 5% = P500,000 x 11.46992) Issue Price/Proceeds 5,734,960 P8,852,960 A. 2. Notes Payable - current portion ( 400,000 + 600,000 + 300,000 + 300,000) Estimated warranties payable ( 180,000 + 520,000 - 358,000) Accounts Payable Payroll-related accruals and deductions withheld Miscellaneous Accruals Cash Dividends Payable Accrued Interest on: Bonds Payable (P10,000,000 x 10% x 3/12) Notes Payable Total Current Liabilities P1,600,000 342,000 740,000 404,000 150,000 1,200,000 A. 250,000 600,000 P5,286,000 3. Date 7/1/2015 12/31/2015 7/1/2016 12/31/2016 1/1/2017 Interest Paid P500,000 P500,000 P500,000 P500,000 Interest Expense P531.178 533,048 535,031 537,133 Bonds Payable Carrying Value, Jan. 1, 2017 Add: Discount amortization Jan. 1 - Mar. 31 (P37,133 x 3/6) Notes Payable - noncurrent portion: (P7,000,000 - P1,600,000 current portion) Total non-current liabilities Discount Amortization P31,178 33,048 35,031 37,133 Carrying Value P8,852,960 8,884,138 8,917,186 8,952,217 8,989,350 P8,952,217 18,566 P8,970,783 C. 5,400,000 P14,370,783 PFRS 9 provides that an entity shall measure initially a financial liability at fair value minus, in the case of financial liability not designated at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issue of the financial liability. Transaction costs include: a. Broker’s fee and commission b. Levies c. Transfer taxes and duties Transaction costs do not include: a. debt premiums or discounts b. financing costs c. internal administrative or holding costs Bonds payable shall also be measured initially at fair value minus directly attributable costs. Amortized cost of bonds payable is the initial amount plus or minus the cumulative amortization using the effective interest method. PROBLEM NO.5 On January 1, 2016, WIZARDS CORPORATION issued 2,000 of its 5-year, P1,000 face value, 11% bonds dated January 1 at an effective annual interest rate (yield) of 9%. Interest is payable each December 31. Wizards uses the effective interest method of amortization. On December 31, 2017, the 2,000 bonds were extinguished early through acquisition in the open market by Wizards for P1,980,000 plus accrued interest. On July 1, 2016, Wizards issued 5,000 of its 6-year, P1,000 face value, 10% convertible bonds at par. Interest is payable every June 30 and December 31. On the date of issue, the prevailing market interest rate of similar debt without the conversion option is 12%. On July 1, 2017, an investor in Wizards’ convertible bonds tendered 1,500 bonds for conversion into 15,000 shares of Wizards’ ordinary shares, which had a fair value of P105 and a par value of P1 at the date of conversion. Based on the above and the result of your audit, determine the following: (Round off present value factors to four decimal places.) Requirement: 1. The issue price of the 2,000 5-year, P1,000 face value bonds on January 1, 2016 is A. 2,155,500 B. 2,000,000 C. P1,844,400 D. P2,147,800 2. The carrying value of the 2,000 5-year, P1,000 face value bonds on December 31,2016, is A. P1,898,400 B. P2,129,500 C. P2,000,000 D. P2,121,100 3. The gain on early retirement of bonds on December 31, 2017, is A. P20,000 B. P112,000 C. P121,200 D. P0 4. The carrying value of the 5,000 6-year, P1,000 face value bonds on December 31, 2016, is A. P4,605,800 B. P5,000,000 C. P4,732,875 D. P4,615,400 5. The conversion of the 1,500 6-year, P1,000 face value bonds on July 1, 2017, will increase share premium by A. P1,485,000 B. P1,374,600 C. P1,415,054 D. P1,377,697 Solution: 1. Present value of principal (2M x .6499) Present value of interest payments (220,000 x 3.8897) Issue price of FV bonds 1/1/2016 1,299,800 855,734 2,155,500 A The sum of the carrying amounts assigned to the liability (present value of expected cash flows) and equity components (proceeds) on initial recognition is always equal to the fair value that would be ascribed to the instrument as a whole. 2. Date Int. Paid (11%) Int. Exp. (9%) Amortization 1/1/2016 Balance 2,155,500 12/31/2016 220,000 193,995 26,005 2,129,500 B 12/31/2017 220,000 191,655 28,345 2,101,200 Amortization of discount reduces the balance in the contra account to bonds payable and results in an increase in carrying amount of bonds payable. Amortization reduces the balance in discount on bonds payable account such that at the maturity the bonds payable's carrying amount is equal to its face value. 3. Retirement Price 1,980,000 Carrying Value 12/31/2017 2,101,200 Gain on retirement 121,200 C The stated book value (or carry value for a discount or premium bond) will most likely be the same as market value for which the company repurchased the bond. This difference creates an extraordinary gain or loss for the repurchasing company. If the price paid to retire the bonds is greater the carrying amount of bonds the company needs to record a loss on retirement. On the other hand, if the price paid is less than the carrying amount of the bonds at retirement the company records a gain on retirement of bonds. 4. Date Int. Paid (10%) Int. Exp. (6%) Amortization 7/1/2016 Balance 4,580,950 12/31/2016 250,000 274,857 24,850 4,605,800 A 7/1/2017 250,000 276,348 26,340 4,632,140 Amortization of discount reduces the balance in the contra account to bonds payable and results in an increase in carrying amount of bonds payable. Amortization reduces the balance in discount on bonds payable account such that at the maturity the bonds payable's carrying amount is equal to its face value. 5. CV of bonds 4,632,140 1500 x 5000 Total consideration 1,389,642 Par value of OS (15,000) Share premium 1,374,642 B On the conversion date, the carrying value of the bonds converted is used to measure the ordinary shares issued. No gain or less is recognized. The excess of the consideration from the par value of the ordinary shares shall be credited to the Share Premium account. PROBLEM NO.6 The following data were obtained from the initial audit of BIBI COMPANY 15%, 10-year, Bonds Payable, dated January 1, 2016 DEBIT CREDIT Cash proceeds from issue on January 1, 2016 of 1,000 bonds. The market rate of interest on the date of issue P 1,172,044 was 12% Bond Interest Expense Cash Paid, 1/2/17 Cash Paid 7/1/17 Accrual 12/31/17 P 75,000 75,000 75,000 Accrued Interests on Bonds Balance 1/1/17 Accrual 12/31/17 Treasury Bonds Redemption price and interest to date on 200 bonds permanently retired on 12/31/17 Based on the preceding information determine the following: 1. Carrying value of bonds payable at December 31, 2017. A. P831,110 B. P800,000 C. P1,151,583 D. P921,266 2. Loss on Bond Redemption A. P4,683 B. P19,683 C. P15,000 D. P34,683 3. Accrued Interest on Bonds at December 31, 2017 A. P75,000 B. P135,000 C. P60,000 D. P52,500 4. Bond Interest Expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 P 1,172,044 P 75,000 150,000 225,000 P 75,000 75,000 P 265,000 BALANCE P 75,000 150,000 P 265,000 A. B. C. D. 150,000 139,174 69,745 160,826 REQUIREMENT # 1 1/1/2016 7/1/2016 1/1/2017 7/1/2017 1/1/2018 interest payable interest expense amortization 75,000 75,000 75,000 75,000 70322.64 70042 69744.52 69429.19 4,677 4,958 5,255 5,571 1,151,583 x 800/1000 = carrying amount 1,172,044 1,167,367 1,162,409 1,157,153 1,151,582 921265.9 D IFRS 9 Paragraph 3.3.4 If an entity repurchases a part of a financial liability, the entity shall allocate the previous carrying amount of the financial liability between the part that continues to be recognised and the part that is derecognised based on the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the repurchase. The difference between (a) the carrying amount allocated to the part derecognised and (b) the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, for the part derecognised shall be recognised in profit or loss. REQUIREMENT # 2 Retirement Price Carring amount of principal (1,151,583 x 200/1000) Interest (200,000 x 15% x 6/12) Loss on Bond Redemption 265,000 230,317 15,000 245,317 19,683 B IFRS 9 Paragraph 3.3.3 The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability (or part of a financial liability) extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid, including any non-cash asset REQUIREMENT # 3 Accrued Interest on Bonds at December 31, 2017 800,000 x 15% 6/12 = 60,000 C Accrued interest for the unretired portion of the bonds payable . REQUIREMENT # 4 7/1/2017 1/1/2018 Bond Interest Expense 69744.52 69429.19 139173.7 B Interest expense from for the year as shown In the schedule of amortization of the bonds payable