UH--60 Performance Planning UH Version date January 2006 1 Terminal Learning objective (TLO): At the completion of this lesson the student will: Action: Completion of the performance planning card (PPC) DA Form 5701-60-R. Condition: As a UH-60 aviator. Standard: In accordance with TC 1-237, TM 11520-237-10, TM 1-1520-237-CL. Safety Requirements: None Environmental Considerations: None 2 Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) #1: Action: Define the purpose of the Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R. Condition: Given a blank Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1-237, TM 1-1520237-10, and TM 1-1520-237-CL. Standard: In accordance with Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1-237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237-CL, and classroom instruction. 3 Complete a PPC using the following data: Departure Data A/C weight: 14,000 lbs ETF: 1.0 and .90 Departure Temp. 19 degrees C Departure P.A. 150 Ft Max. Temp. 25 degrees C Max. P.A. 240 Ft Fuel weight 2000 lbs Cruise Data Cruise Altitude 1,000 Ft Temp. 20 degrees C 4 Prepare a Performance Planning Card - Task 1010 When will a PPC be completed? All Flights Note. Performance planning items shaded in grey box are not required to be completed each time a performance planning card (PPC) is computed. These values should be completed when, based on the proposed mission, the information may be required for the flight. Additionally, these items will be annotated in the procedures as OPTIONAL after the item name. 5 Prepare a Performance Planning Card - Task 1010 STANDARDS: Appropriate common standards plus the following additions/modifications: 1. Calculate PPC values using accurate conditions for the time of takeoff within the following parameters: a. Free air temperature (FAT) + 5 degrees Celsius. b. Pressure altitude (PA) + 1,000 feet. c. Gross weight + 500 pounds. d. Engine torque factor (ETF) 0.03. 2. Compute values within following parameters: a. Torque values + 2 percent. b. Weight values + 500 pounds. c. Fuel flow + 100 pounds per hour. d. Airspeeds + 5 knots. 6 Prepare a Performance Planning Card - Task 1010 3. 4. Determine performance planning data necessary to complete the mission. Correctly determine aircraft weight, maximum torque available, maximum allowable gross weight (OGE), and GO/NO GO (OGE) using tabular data found in the CL when an update is required. Note. Updates – Care should be taken to monitor the accomplishment of the mission. The PPC should be updated in flight or on the ground as the mission progresses if the requirements below are met. Updates are required when there is the intent to land and/or takeoff and when operating within 3,000 pounds of the MAX ALLOWABLE GWT (OGE) and there is an increase of 500 feet pressure altitude, and/or 5 degrees Celsius from the planned PPC. Ref: TC 1-237 page 4-29 ARRIVAL DATA UPDATES 7 Prepare a Performance Planning Card - Task 1010 Planning: The aviator will evaluate aircraft performance, departure, en route and approach data, notices to airmen (NOTAM), and appropriate FLIP or DOD publications. Ref: AR 95-1, p. 17, Para. 5-2 a 8 DATA BASIS The data provided generally is based on one of three categories. Flight Test Data Calculated Data Estimated Data 9 PERFORMANCE DATA BASIS CLEAN The clean configuration assumes all doors and windows are closed and includes the following external configuration: - Fixed provisions for ESSS Main and tail rotor deice system. Mounting brackets for IR jammer and chaff dispenser. The HIRSS with Baffles installed. Includes wire strike protection system. 10 NOTE: Aircraft which have an external configuration which differs from the clean configuration may be corrected for drag differences on cruise performance as discussed in Section VI Drag. 11 PERFORMANCE DATA BASIS HIGH DRAG - The high drag configuration assumes all doors and windows are closed and includes the following external configuration. ESSS installed. Two 230-gallon tanks mounted on the outboard pylons. Inboard vertical pylons empty IR jammer and chaff dispenser installed. HIRSS with baffles are installed Main and tail rotor de-ice and wire strike systems installed. 12 DA FORM 5701-60-R UH-60 PERFORMANCE PLANNING CARD 13 Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) #2: Action: Describe the four major areas of the Performance Planning Card. Condition: Given a blank Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237CL. Standard: In accordance with Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237CL, and classroom instruction. 14 DA 5701-60-R Description Departure Remarks Cruise Arrival 15 Arrival Section Arrival data. Complete this section in its entirety if arrival conditions at destination have increased from DEPARTURE in any of the following by the minimum amount: 5 degrees Celsius, 1,000 feet PA, or 500 pounds. 16 Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) #3: Action: Define terms and compute a Performance Planning Card. Condition: Given a blank Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237CL. Standard: In accordance with Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237CL, and classroom instruction. 17 Departure Section 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 .95 1.0 .90 From Log Book or… 1.0 + .90 = 1.90 x 1/2 = .95 18 Torque Factor Chart Two Instances Chart is not needed: •FAT 35oC or higher •ETF/ATF is 1.0 19 Determine Torque Ratio(s) 14,000 240 150 .95 +25 +19 1.0 1.0 .9 .91 .91 20 Determine Torque Ratio(s) 14,000 240 150 .95 .955 +25 1.0 1.0 +19 .90 .91 .955 21 Max Torque Available (MTA) Upper Portion Read Torque here for 1.0 Read Torque here for other than1.0 Lower Portion 22 Determine MTA 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 .95 .955 1.0 1.0 .90 .91 106 106% 23 Engine Bleed Air • With engine bleed air turned on, the maximum available torque is reduced as follows: • Engine anti-ice on: Reduce torque determined by a constant 16%. • Cockpit heater on: Reduce torque available by 4%. • Both on: Reduce torque available by 20%. 24 Determine MTA 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 .95 .955 1.0 1.0 106 .90 .91 96 106 x .91 = 96.46 25 Determine MTA 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 .95 .955 1.0 1.0 106 .90 .91 96 96% Additional Method 26 Determine MTA 14,000 240 240 150 150 +25 +25 +19 +19 1.0 1.0 106 .90 .91 96 2,000 .95 .955 101 106 X .955 = 101.23 27 Determine Max Allowable GWT OGE 14,000 240 150 +25 +20 2,000 .95 .955 101 1.0 1.0 .90 .91 106 96 20,880 20,880 28 Determine Max Allowable GWT IGE 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2000 +22,000 20,880 .95 1.0 .955 101 1.0 106 .90 .91 96 22,000 29 Determine GO/NO-GO Torque Note: GO/NO is computed using the maximum forecast pressure altitude and temperature for the mission. When the actual temperature is less than maximum, the torque required to hover at a given gross weight is less. TC 1-237 page 4-17 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 .95 .955 101 20,880 85 85% 92% 1.0 1.0 106 .90 .91 96 22,000 92 30 Max Hover Height IGE 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 .95 .955 101 20,880 85 1.0 1.0 106 .90 .91 96 22,000 92 OGE Compute if OGE Hover Capability does not exist Note. If OGE capability does exist, place OGE in this block. 31 Predicted Hover Torque (Dual Engine) Forecast Takeoff Conditions 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 .95 1.0 .955 1.0 101 20,880 .90 .91 96 106 22,000 85 92 OGE 53 53% 32 Predicted Hover Torque (Single Engine) 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 Dual Engine Predicted Hover Torque x 2 2,000 (53 x 2 = 106) .95 1.0 .90 .955 1.0 .910 Note. If not applicable (NA) is recorded in the appropriate blocks, the 101 106 96 22,000 hover at a lower aircraft may still be capable of sustaining 20880 single engine wheel height. 85 OGE 53 92 106 NA Do we have single engine hover capability? 33 Min SE - IAS w & w/o Stores 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 .95 1.0 .955 101 .90 1.0 106 20,880 22,000 85 92 .91 96 OGE 53 106 17 17 kts NA NA 1/2 MTA of the Weakest Engine 96 x 1/2 = 48% 34 Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) #4: Action: Determine zero fuel weight. Condition: Given a blank Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237CL, wheel height, hover torque, free air temperature and PA, indicated fuel weight. Standard: In accordance with Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237CL, and classroom instruction. 35 Zero Fuel Weight • Zero Fuel Weight on 365-4 is computed using estimates and averages 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 • Actual weights may vary greatly • If the PC feels that an accurate weight cannot be estimated, compute an adjusted zero fuel weight. .95 1.0 .955 101 1.0 106 20,880 22,000 85 92 .90 .91 96 OGE 53 106 17 NA NA 36 Zero Fuel Weight • There will be times due to winds, surface, or any other condition that cause the hover torque to be inaccurate so that you will be unable to use the method below. • Prior to Hover note: – FAT – PA – Total Indicated Fuel FAT: 20oC PA: 200 Fuel: 2000 Height: 10 • At a Hover note: – Wheel Height – Hover Torque Torque: 53 37 Zero Fuel Weight 14,000 - 2000= 12,000 FAT: 20oC 14,000 PA: 200 Fuel: 2000 Height: 10 Torque: 53 38 Zero Fuel Weight 14,000 240 150 +25 +19 2,000 12,000 .95 1.0 .955 101 1.0 106 20,880 22,000 85 92 .90 .91 96 OGE 53 106 17 NA NA •Note. Although data needed to compute zero fuel weight is noted at a hover, the calculation should be made when practical. 39 Remarks Section • Record mission information such as: – Drag Factors – Fuel Requirements – GO/NO-GO for sling loads – What chart you are using for your Cruise data – And anything else for your mission 40 Cruise Chart FIND THIS CHART 41 The continuous torque available is Also referred to as MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS POWER (MCP) (TC 1-212) 42 Max TQ for 1.0 engine (above Transmission Limit of 100%) The maximum torque available is presented on each chart as either the transmission torque limit or torque available-30 min for an ATF of 1.0 with an ATF= 0.9 scale at the bottom of the torque scale. The max trq available for a helicopter with an ATF value between these shall be interpolated. (TM 1-1520237-10) Max TQ for 0.9 engine (below Transmission Limit of 100%) 43 The Max Trq available, single-engine, is presented on each chart as an SE-30MIN line at half the actual max trq available for an ETF of 1.0, with an ETF = 0.85 scale below the trq scale. The max trq available for engines with an ETF value between these must be interpolated using the same procedure as for duel-engine. (TM 11520-237-10) At zero airspeed, the trq represents the trq required to hover out of ground effect. In general, mission planning for low-speed flight should be based on hover out of ground effect. (TM 1-1520237-10) .85 Lowest allowable 44 Max Torque Available Cruise Step 1: Enter the chart at the bottom with the ATF and follow the slant of the line up to Dual Engine Cruise IAS. 1,000 20 Step 2: Read straight down to get your Max Torque. If the ATF is between 1.0 and 0.9, interpolation is another method to obtain this value. 101 106 97 Maximum torque available can be Derived from the cruise chart by Referencing the torque available 30-min (T700) or 10-min (T701) ATF 1.0 line. 101 If the ATF is between 1.0 and 0.9 Interpolation is another method to 45 obtain this value. Critical Torque 1,000 20 48 101 106 97 1/2 MTA of Low ETF Engine Dual Engine Torque Value, which when exceeded, may not allow the aircraft to maintain % RPMR within normal limits under single-engine operations in the same flight conditions Conservatism was used in determining CT as 97% divided by 2 is 48.5%. 46 MIN / MAX - IAS (Optional) 1,000 20 48 101 106 0 0 47 If MTA is Right of GWT then MIN IAS = 0 kts 97 MIN / MAX - IAS 157 20 48 101 0 106 97 157 48 Cruise - IAS / TAS 124 20 48 101 0 120 106 97 157 124 49 Cruise Torque 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 106 97 157 124 52 52 50 Cruise Fuel Flow 850 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 106 97 157 124 52 850 51 Fuel Flow • With bleed air extracted, fuel flow increases: • Engine anti - ice on-About 60 lbs/hr • Heater on - About 20 lbs/hr • Both on - About 80 lbs/hr 52 Continuous Torque Available (Optional) 1,000 20 48 78 101 157 0 120 124 52 850 78 106 97 “Enter the cruise chart at the selected cruise IAS. Move left or right as appropriate to the Torque Available-Continuous line,0.9 or 1.0 using the ETF for the weakest engine. If the ETF of the Weakest engine is between 0.9 and 1.0, then Interpolation is required. The TORQUE AVAILABLE-CONTINUOUS 53 is predicated on the weakest engine.” TC 1-237 page 4-23 Max Range-IAS / Torque (Optional) 1,000 20 129 48 101 0 120 106 97 157 124 52 850 78 129 60 60 54 Max Endurance / Max R/C-IAS 1)Enter the bottom of the (Optional) appropriate cruise chart at the aircraft GWT. Move up the gross weight line to intersection of the gross weight line and the max end and R/C line. Record the value. 63 kts 2) Determine torque increase per engine (MTA minus Max End IAS Torque) 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 106 97 157 124 52 850 78 129 63 60 101 (max tq) – 34 (tq at 63kts) =67 (to be used with climb charts) 55 Climb/Descent Charts Chapter 7 Section VII Page 7-151 Rate of Descent Find the Proper chart Rate of Climb 56 Climb Chart 3300+ 3) Enter at 67 % and move up to the aircraft gross weight. Note the rate of climb for the next step. 57 Airspeed System Correction Chapter 7 Section IX Page 7-156 Add 12 kts 4) Enter at the bottom of the chart using 63 kts max endurance airspeed. Move up to the previously determined rate of climb of +3300 feet. (In this case greater than 1400 FT / MIN.) 58 Max R/C-IAS / Torque 5) Add (or subtract) value from Airspeed Correction Chart to/from Max End IAS 63+12=75 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 Bring 12kts from Airspeed Correction System chart 106 97 157 124 52 850 78 129 63 60 75 59 MIN / MAX - IAS (single engine) 1,000 114 20 48 101 0 120 157 124 106 97 17 114 52 850 78 129 63 60 75 17 Use 1/2 MTA of the Weakest Engine 97 x 1/2 = 48 (CT) 60 Cruise - IAS/TAS (single engine) (Optional) 87 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 157 124 52 850 78 129 60 63 75 106 17 80 97 114 87 61 Cruise Torque (Single Engine) (Optional) 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 157 124 52 850 78 129 60 63 75 36 X 2 = 72 106 17 80 97 114 87 72 62 Cruise Fuel Flow (Single Engine) (Optional) 1047 X 1/2 = 523 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 157 124 52 850 78 129 63 106 17 80 97 114 87 72 523 60 75 63 Continuous Torque Available (Single Engine) 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 157 124 52 850 97 114 87 72 523 76 78 129 63 106 17 80 60 75 76 64 Compute Max Altitude-MSL based on Max End-IAS. Max Altitude - MSL (Dual & Single Engine) (Optional) Note. Several different cruise charts may have to be referenced when computing Max AltitudeMSL. Note. To achieve your Max Altitude-MSL you must fly max End-IAS. Note. Ensure you account for changes in FAT as you change Cruise charts. Note. When single engine capability does not exist at the planned cruise altitude, this block is required to be computed. Note. If level flight cannot be maintained either with or without stores, record NA in Max AltitudeMSL single engine block. 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 157 124 52 850 97 114 87 72 523 76 78 129 63 106 17 80 60 75 65 Max Allowable GWT-Single Engine (Optional) Step1: Using the SE 30 Min or 2.5 MIN line, enter the bottom of the Cruise chart at the lowest ETF. 1,000 20 Step 2: Follow the slant of the line up to the intersection of the Max End and R/C line then read the indicating max allowable gross weight. 48 allowable 101gwt is less than 106 the97 Note: If the max aircraft 17 114 gwt, then the aircraft cannot maintain single engine 0 157 120 124 80 87 level flight for the conditions. As fuel is burned, single 52 72 engine capability during flight may be possible. 849 TC 1-237 Page 4-27 20,000 129 63 523 76 78 60 75 20,000 66 Optimum IAS at Max Allowable GWT (Single Engine) (Optional) 1,000 20 48 101 0 120 20,000 157 124 52 850 73 97 114 87 72 523 76 78 129 63 106 17 80 60 75 20,000 73 Read left or right for optimum IAS – KTS at maximum allowable gross weight. If the maximum torque available line is right of the gross weight lines, enter MAX ALLOWABLE GWT according to the operator’s manual. 67 TC 1-237 page 4-27 Max Angle 1,000 20 48 Use the Onset of Blade Stall chart in the -10, Chapter 5, Figure 5-9, Page 5-20 101 0 120 157 124 52 850 97 114 87 72 523 76 78 129 63 106 17 80 60 75 20,000 73 68 Max Angle -10, Chapter 5 Figure 5-9 Page 5-20 59o 69 Max Angle 1,000 20 59 48 101 0 120 157 124 52 850 97 114 87 72 523 76 78 129 63 106 17 80 60 75 20,000 73 59o 70 Vne - IAS 1,000 20 59 48 101 0 120 157 124 52 850 106 17 80 97 114 87 72 523 76 78 129 63 193 60 75 20,000 73 193 -10, Chapter 5 Figure 5-6 Page 5-14 71 Arrival Section DEPARTURE ARRIVAL 12,500 14,000 240 150 +25 250 +19 .955 101 2,000 12,000 .95 .955 101 20,880 22,000 85 92 OGE 53 1.0 1.0 106 106 +25 .90 .91 96 1.0 106 .91 96 20,880 NA Complete the Arrival Section if arrival conditions at destination differ significantly from Departure conditions Do we need to complete the Arrival Section? 72 Tabular Data • Standard # 4. Correctly determine aircraft weight, maximum torque available, maximum allowable gross weight (OGE), and GO/NO-GO (OGE) using tabular data found in the –CL when an update is required. 73 Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) #5: Action: Update the Performance Planning Card. Condition: Given a completed Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1-237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237-CL, indicated fuel, and updated takeoff and/or landing environmental conditions. Standard: In accordance with Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1-237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237-CL, and classroom instruction. 74 Updates Note. Updates-Care should be taken to monitor the accomplishment of the mission. The PPC should be updated in flight or on the ground as the mission progresses if the requirements below are met. Updates are required when there is intent to land and/or takeoff and when operating within 3,000 pounds of the Max Allowable GWT (OGE) and there is an increase of 500 feet pressure altitude, and/or 5 degrees Celsius from the planned PPC. UPDATE: Aircraft Weight Max Torque Available Max Allowable GWT OGE 75 GO/NO-GO OGE Change in Arrival Conditions During your flight you receive a change in mission requiring you to pick up an internal load of 4000 lb at a field location with the following conditions. • Arrival Temp = +35oC • Arrival PA = 3,000 • Internal fuel weight is 1200 lb Is an update required? Yes 12,500 250 .955 101 48 20,880 22,000 85 92 OGE +25 1.0 106 96 .91 96 96 8 76 Update Aircraft Weight Determine the aircraft weight using the zero fuel method. What does your aircraft weigh? • 12,000 + 1200 = 13,200 pounds Will you be within 3000 lb of MAX ALLOWABLE GWT (OGE)? • Yes, our weight with the load is 17,200 pounds. Tab data indicates Max Allowable GWT-OGE to be 17,950 pounds. Is an update required? • Yes 77 Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) #6: Action: Correctly determine maximum torque available, maximum gross weight (OGE), and GO/NO-GO (OGE) using tabular data found in the CL. Condition: Given a completed Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1-237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237-CL. Standard: In accordance with Performance Planning Card (PPC) DA 5701-60-R, TC 1-237, TM 1-1520-237-10, and TM 1-1520-237-CL, and classroom instruction. 78 Update Max Torque Available • Read MTA at intersection of PA and FAT • If ATF is between .9 and 1.0 interpolate MTA 79 P-35 Update Max Torque Available To Interpolate: 1. Determine Multiplication Factor: ATF .95 is 5/10th the difference between ATF .90 and 1.0. Mult. Factor = .5 2. 1.0 ATF = 90% 3. .9 ATF = 81% 4. Subtract .9 MTA from 1.0 MTA: 90 - 81 = 9% 80 P-35 Update Max Torque Available 5. Multiply results of step 4 by Multiplication Factor: 9 x .5 = 4.5% 6. Add the results of Step 5 to .9 ATF MTA: 81 + 4.5 = 85.5% 7. Round down: MTA = 85% 81 P-35 Update Max Allowable GWT OGE • Read Max Allowable GWT at intersection of PA and FAT • If ATF is between .9 and 1.0 interpolate Max Allowable GWT 82 P-53 Update Max Allowable GWT OGE To Interpolate: 1. Determine Multiplication Factor: ATF .95 is 5/10th the difference between ATF .90 and 1.0. Mult. Factor = .5 2. 1.0 Max GWT = 18,600 3. .9 Max GWT = 17,300 4. Subtract .9 Max GWT from 1.0 Max GWT: 18,600 - 17,300 = 1,300 83 P-53 Update Max Allowable GWT OGE 5. Multiply results of step 4 by Multiplication Factor: 1,300 x .5 = 650 6. Add the results of Step 5 to .9 ATF Max GWT: 17,300 + 650 = 17,950 Max Allowable GWT = 17,950 84 P-53 Update GO/NO-GO OGE • Read Go/No-Go OGE at intersection of PA and FAT • If ATF is between .9 and 1.0 interpolate Go/No-Go OGE 85 P-53 Update GO/NO-GO OGE To Interpolate: 1. Determine Multiplication Factor: ATF .95 is 5/10th the difference between ATF .90 and 1.0. Mult. Factor = .5 2. 1.0 Go/No-Go = 77% 3. .9 Go/No-Go = 70% 4. Subtract .9 Go/No-Go from 1.0 Go/No-Go: 77 - 70 = 7% 86 P-53 Update GO/NO-GO OGE 5. Multiply results of step 4 by Multiplication Factor: 7 x .5 = 3.5 % 6. Add the results of Step 5 to .9 Go/No-Go Torque: 70 + 3.5 = 73.5 % 7. Round down: Go/No-Go OGE = 73% 87 P-53 How to determine values that require two pages. Temp: 27 PA: 2500 ATF: .95 • Read Max Allowable GWT at intersection of PA and FAT • If ATF is between .9 and 1.0 interpolate Max Allowable GWT (as previously described) 20,100 – 18,800 = 1300 lb 1300 x .5(ATF) = 650 lb 18,800 + 650 = 19,450 lb 88 P-50 How to determine values that require two pages. continued Temp: 27 PA: 2500 ATF: .95 • Read Max Allowable GWT at intersection of PA and FAT • If ATF is between .9 and 1.0 interpolate Max Allowable GWT (as previously described) 19,600 – 18,300 = 1300 lb 1300 x .5(ATF) = 650 lb 18,300 + 650 = 18,950 19,450 – 18,950 = 500 lb 500 x .5(ATF) = 250 lb 18,950 + 250 = 19,200 lb 89 P-53 SUMMARY The purpose of the performance planning card (PPC). When the PPC is to be completed. The four major sections of the PPC. Define terms and compute values. Determine zero fuel weight. Updates to the PPC. The use of tabular data found in the - CL. 90 91