BIOL 1010 – Biology 1: Molecular and Cellular Systems
TERM TEST # 1 QUESTON BOOKLET
Instructors: Mary Olaveson / Annette Tavares
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11
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60 minutes
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BIOL 1010 – Biology 1: Molecular and Cellular Systems
TERM TEST # 1 QUESTON BOOKLET
Multiple Choice Questions
(50 questions)
 Answer all 50 questions.
 Read all questions carefully.
 Choose the one best answer for each of the following questions.
 Mark answer in Question Booklet (as insurance in case of damaged scantron ONLY!)
 Mark the appropriate letter on your Scantron IN PENCIL.
 Only answers recorded on the Scantron will be marked!
1. What is the fundamental difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a plasma membrane.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
Eukaryotic cells never have a cell wall.
Prokaryotic cells do not have ribosomes.
Prokaryotic cells are not photosynthetic.
2. Cytosine makes up 30% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from a newly-discovered
organism. Approximately, what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be adenine?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
15
20
30
60
70
3. When two atoms are equally electronegative, what type of bond will form?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
hydrophobic
ionic
polar covalent
nonpolar covalent
hydrogen
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4. How does RNA differ from DNA?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
RNA contains uracil instead of thymine and it is usually single-stranded.
RNA contains uracil instead of thymine and it is usually double-stranded.
RNA contains thymine instead of uracil and it is usually single-stranded.
RNA contains uracil instead of cytosine and it is usually double-stranded.
RNA contains uracil instead of adenine and it is usually single-stranded.
5. Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the
following molecules?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
lipids
starches
proteins
steroids
glucose
6. Which of the following is the correct order (listed in increasing order) for the relative strengths
of chemical bonds in biological molecules?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
hydrogen, van der Waals forces, covalent, ionic
van der Waals forces, hydrogen, ionic, covalent
ionic, van der Waals forces, covalent, hydrogen
hydrogen, van der Waals forces, ionic, covalent
covalent, van der Waals forces, hydrogen, ionic
7. Which of the following is a correct sequence for the biological classification of organisms?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
genus, species, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom
genus, species, family, order, class, kingdom, phylum
genus, species, order, family, class, phylum, kingdom
species, genus, order, family, class, kingdom, phylum
species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom
8. Many mammals control their body temperature by sweating. Which property of water is most
directly responsible for the ability of sweat to lower body temperature?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
water's change in density when it condenses
water's ability to dissolve molecules in the air
the release of heat by the formation of hydrogen bonds
the absorption of heat by the breaking of hydrogen bonds
water's high surface tension
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9. Which of the following is a false statement regarding DNA?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Each chromosome has one very long DNA molecule with hundreds of thousands of genes.
Every cell is enclosed by a membrane.
Every cell uses DNA as its genetic information.
All forms of life are composed of cells that have a membrane-enclosed nucleus.
DNA is the unit of inheritance that is transmitted from parent to offspring.
10. In a single molecule of water, what type of bond holds the two hydrogen atoms to a single
oxygen atom?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
hydrogen bonds.
nonpolar covalent bonds.
polar covalent bonds.
ionic bonds.
van der Waals interactions.
11. Which of the following processes includes all others?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
osmosis
diffusion of a solute across a membrane
facilitated diffusion
passive transport
transport of an ion down its electrochemical gradient
12. Which of the following is not true of a codon?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
It consists of three nucleotides.
It may code for the same amino acid as another codon.
It never codes for more than one amino acid.
It extends from one end of a tRNA molecule.
It is the basic unit of the genetic code.
13. Which of the following properties or processes do we associate with living things?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
evolutionary adaptations
energy processing
responding to the environment
growth and reproduction
all of the above
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14. In eukaryotic cells, what is required for the initiation of transcription?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
15.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the two DNA strands have completely separated and exposed the promoter.
several transcription factors have bound to the promoter.
the 5' caps are removed from the mRNA.
the DNA introns are removed from the template.
DNA nucleases have isolated the transcription unit.
Which of the following is a hydrophobic material?
paper
table salt
wax
sugar
pasta
16. What role(s) can a sequence of three RNA nucleotides bases have?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
codon.
anticodon.
gene.
Both a and b
Both a and c
17. Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane
most rapidly?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
CO2
an amino acid
glucose
K+
starch
18. Which of the following pairs of base sequences could form a short stretch of a normal double
helix of DNA?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5'-purine-pyrimidine-purine-pyrimidine-3' with 3'-purine-pyrimidine-purine-pyrimidine-5'
5'-A-G-C-T-3' with 5'-T-C-G-A-3'
5'-G-C-G-C-3' with 5'-T-A-T-A-3'
5'-A-T-G-C-3' with 5'-G-C-A-T-3'
All of these pairs are correct.
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19. What is true about the anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.
complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA.
the part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid.
changeable, depending on the amino acid that attaches to the tRNA.
catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme.
20. Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is true?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
They are more common in animals than in plants.
They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids.
They generally solidify at room temperature.
They contain more hydrogen than saturated fats having the same number of carbon
atoms.
They have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule.
21. According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, where are the proteins most
commonly found?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
spread in a continuous layer over the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane.
confined to the hydrophobic core of the membrane.
embedded in a lipid bilayer.
randomly oriented in the membrane, with no fixed inside-outside polarity.
free to depart from the fluid membrane and dissolve in the surrounding solution.
22. A carbon atom is most likely to form what kind of bond(s) with other atoms?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
covalent
ionic
hydrogen
A and B only
A, B, and C
23. Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff and hard.
Similar stalks left in a salt solution become limp and soft. From this information, what can be
deduced about the cells of the celery stalks?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
They are hypotonic to both fresh water and the salt solution.
They are hypertonic to both fresh water and the salt solution.
They are hypotonic to fresh water but hypertonic to the salt solution.
They are hypertonic to fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution.
They are isotonic with fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution.
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24.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?
matching DNA nucleotide sequences
descent with modification
the structure and function of DNA
natural selection
emergent properties
25. Which of the following factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids
a greater proportion of saturated phospholipids
a lower temperature
a relatively high protein content in the membrane
a greater proportion of relatively large glycolipids compared with lipids having smaller
molecular masses
26. Which of the following statements about the DNA in one of your brain cells is true?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Most of the DNA codes for protein.
The majority of genes are likely to be transcribed.
Each gene lies immediately adjacent to an enhancer.
Many genes are grouped into operon-like clusters.
It is the same as the DNA in one of your heart cells.
27. Which of the following statements about codons and anticodons is true?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The codon bonds covalently with the anticodon.
The base sequences are the same.
Codons are DNA molecules and anticodons are RNA molecules.
Activating enzymes link codons and anticodons.
At contact, the codon and the anticodon are antiparallel to each other.
28. Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join
nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The two strands of the double helix would separate.
The phosphodiester linkages between deoxyribose sugars would be broken.
The purines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.
The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.
All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.
6
29. Which of the following is not included in secondary active transport?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the direct use of ATP
the plasma membrane
coupling to another transport system
use of an existing concentration gradient
the ability to concentrate the transported molecule
30. What type of macromolecule includes testosterone and estradiol?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
nucleic acids.
carbohydrates.
proteins.
phospholipids.
steroids.
31. Which of the following best indicates the sequence of events of protein synthesis?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
1,
4,
5,
4,
2,
An aminoacyl-tRNA binds to the A site.
A peptide bond forms between the new amino acid and a polypeptide chain.
tRNA moves to the E site, and leaves the ribosomal complex.
A small ribosomal subunit binds with mRNA.
tRNA translocates to the P site.
3,
1,
4,
1,
4,
2,
2,
3,
3,
5,
4,
5,
2,
2,
1,
5
3
1
5
3
32. Double-stranded DNA looks a little like a ladder that has been twisted into a helix, or spiral.
What provides the structure of the side supports of the ladder?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
alternating nitrogenous bases and pentose sugars.
alternating nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups.
alternating nitrogenous bases paired by hydrogen bonds.
alternating sugars and phosphates joined by phosphodiester bonds.
alternating nitrogenous bases, sugars, and phosphates joined by covalent bonds.
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33. Which of the following is not involved in active transport?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
diffusion of solute through the lipid bilayer of a membrane.
transport of solute against a concentration gradient.
a specific transport protein in the membrane.
pumping of solutes across the membrane.
hydrolysis of ATP.
34. What best describes the genetic code?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
redundant but not ambiguous.
ambiguous but not redundant.
both ambiguous and redundant.
neither ambiguous nor redundant.
random.
35. What is transcription?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
A process that synthesizes a DNA molecule from an RNA template.
The assembly of ribonucleoside triphosphates into an RNA molecule without a template.
A process synthesizing an RNA molecule using a DNA template.
The replication of a single-stranded DNA molecule using DNA polymerases.
A process synthesizing a protein using information from a messenger RNA molecule.
36. What is a hypothesis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
It is a prediction about something that is uncertain.
It is a testable proposition that explains a phenomenon or answers a question.
It is a technique that is used to examine environmental conditions.
It is the design of an experiment that can be used for the process of science.
It is a proven scientific fact.
37. Which of the following is a false statement concerning amino groups?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
They are basic in pH.
They are found in amino acids.
They contain nitrogen.
They are nonpolar.
They are components of urea.
38. Which of the following is not a difference between DNA and RNA?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
DNA has thymine, whereas RNA has uracil.
DNA has deoxyribose sugar, whereas RNA has ribose sugar.
DNA usually has two polynucleotide strands, whereas RNA usually has one strand.
DNA is a polymer, whereas RNA is a monomer.
In DNA, A pairs with T, whereas in RNA, A pairs with U.
8
39. What compounds in biological membranes form a barrier to the movement of hydrophilic
materials across the membrane?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
integral membrane proteins
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
lipids
peripheral membrane proteins
40. DNA is composed of two strands, only one of which typically is used as a template for RNA
synthesis. By what mechanism is the correct strand chosen?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Both strands are tried and the one that works is remembered.
Only one strand has the start codon.
The promoter acts to aim the RNA polymerase.
A start factor informs the system.
It is chosen randomly.
41. What is the composition of a deoxyribose nucleotide?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base.
sugar and a phosphate.
deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base and a phosphate.
ribose plus a nitrogenous base.
nitrogenous base bonded at the 5’ end to phosphate.
42. Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0. What is the hydrogen ion
concentration of the lake?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
4.0 M
10-10 M
10-4 M
104 M
4%
43. What is the hydroxide ion concentration of the lake described in Question 42?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
10-7 M
10-4 M
10-10 M
10-14 M
10 M
9
44. Why is the genetic code considered redundant?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
some codons specify punctuation (e.g. start and stop signals) rather than amino acids.
some codons specify more than one amino acid.
one amino acid can substitute for another in a polypeptide chain without consequence.
certain amino acids are specified by more than one codon.
the genetic code is not essential to the process of polypeptide or protein synthesis.
45. What is the direction of water movement using osmosis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
From high concentration of dissolved material to low concentration of dissolved material
From low concentration of dissolved material to high concentration of dissolved material
From low concentration of water to high concentration of water
From hypertonic solutions to hypotonic solutions
From isotonic solutions to hypotonic solutions
46. It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of their model that the DNA
molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information in which of the following?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
sequence of bases
phosphate-sugar backbones
complementary pairing of bases
side groups of nitrogenous bases
different five-carbon sugars
47. Which of the following molecules is the most likely to diffuse across a cell membrane?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Glucose
Na+
A steroid
Cl–
A common amino acid
48. There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
different side chains (R groups) attached to an alpha-carbon
different carboxyl groups attached to an alpha-carbon
different amino groups attached to an alpha-carbon
different alpha-carbons
different asymmetric carbons
10
49. Which of the following is not a phase that occurs during translation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Termination
Initiation
Conjugation
Elongation
All of these phases occur in translation.
50. Which term includes all others in the list?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
monosaccharide
disaccharide
starch
carbohydrate
polysaccharide
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