Name:__________________ Date:________________ Class: 12 _________ Chemistry worksheet –chapter 25 I. Types of Radioactive Decay A. Alpha Emission – an alpha particle (α) is 2 protons and 2 neutrons (or a helium atom) bound together and is emitted from the nucleus during some kinds of radioactive decay. 210 206 4 Po → Pb + He 84 82 2 Clothes or paper will shield you from alpha particles. B. Beta Emission – a beta particle (β) is an electron emitted from the nucleus when a neutron is converted to a proton. 1 1 0 n → p + e 0 1 -1 14 0 C → ____ + e 6 -1 Metal foil will shield you from beta particles. C. Gamma Emission – gamma rays (γ) are high-energy electromagnetic waves emitted from a nucleus as it changes from an excited state to a ground energy state. Very similar to light, but is much more dangerous. Gamma emission usually occurs immediately following other types of decay. Lead or concrete will protect you from gamma rays. D. Positron Emission – a positron is a particle that is emitted from the nucleus when a proton is converted into a neutron. 1 1 0 p → n + β 1 0 1 38 0 K 19 → + _____ CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET G 12/ (2021-2022) β 1 1 II. 1. Complete the following nuclear equations: 218 4 Po → He + 84 2 _____________ 2. 253 Es + 99 3. 142 Pm + 61 4. 206 Pb 82 5. 4 He 256 Md + 101 _________________ → 2 142 → _____________ 202 → Cm + 80 ________________ 234 0 Th → 90 6. 40 Ca 20 III. Nd 60 → + _____________ 40 K 19 β -1 + ________________ Problems: 1 . Write the nuclear equations for the following radioactive decay series. Use the periodic table. a. Platinum-196 is bombarded by a deuteron (H-2), producing platinum-197 and a proton. ___________________________________________________________________________ b. Nitrogen-14 is bombarded by a neutron, producing carbon-14 and a proton. CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET G 12/ (2021-2022) 2 ___________________________________________________________________________ c. Po-215 emits an alpha and a gamma ____________________________________________________ d. The product from above emits a beta ___________________________________________ 3. If we start with 16 grams of a radioactive substance, how much will remain after three half-lives? 4. The half-life of polonium-210 is 138.4 days. How many mg of polonium-210 remain after 415.2 days if you start with 2mg of the isotope? 5. The half-life of radon-222 is 3.824 days. After what time will ¼ of a given amount of radon-222 remain? 6. After 36 days, 600 g of nitrogen -27 has decayed to 75 g. What is the half-life of nitrogen-27? 7. With a half life of 28.8 years, how long will it take 1000 mg of strontium-90 to decay to 125mg? CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET G 12/ (2021-2022) 3