STATISTICS
STATISTICS
• What are the types of
Statistics?
• How are the types of
Statistics differ from one
another in terms of their
objectives?
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
A statistical procedure using sample data to
assess or determine which hypothesis is more
acceptable as true or which is more likely to be
true; it is an evaluation of a parameter/statistic
value.
STATISTICAL HYPOTHESIS
A claim or assertion made on the distribution of
population or concerning values of one or more
population parameters. It may be accepted or
rejected.
STATISTICAL HYPOTHESIS
ERRORS IN HYPOTHESIS TESTING
The null
The null
hypothesis hypothesis
is true
is false.
We decide
Correct
to reject the
decision
null
hypothesis
We fail to
Correct
reject the
decision
null
hypothesis
DIRECTIONALITY OF A TEST
STEPS IN HYPOTHESIS TESTING
SUMMARY OF STATISTICAL TOOLS
Focus of Sample
Problems
Demographic Profile
Tools for data analysis
Frequencies, percentages, ranking,
summation, coding scheme
Level, extent, degree, etc. Weighted mean
Significant relationship
Pearson Moment of Correlation
Coefficient, Linear regression, Multiple
Regression
Significant difference
Test-retest: Paired
2 independent variables (gender &
performance): t-test independent for means
3 or more variables: ANOVA; post-ANOVA