Disorders of RBCs
Causes
Trauma, severe GI bleed
UGIB, menorrhagia
Condition
Anemia of acute
blood loss
Anemia of chronic
blood loss
Genetic defect (homozygous and
heterozygous forms)
Sickle cell anemia
Genetic defect (homozygous and
heterozygous forms)
Thalassemia
Antibodies attack transfused
cells, nonhemolytic febrile
reactions from cytokies
GI bleeding, menstruation,
vegetarianism
Pernicious anemia, gastric
surgery, achlorydia
Intestinal disorders, malnutrition
Destruction on bone marrow,
radiation, medications
Genetic disorder, secondary to
hypoxia
Blood transfusion
reaction
Iron deficiency
anemia
Effects
Tachycardia, hypotension, pallor,
weakness
May lack obvious S and S, melena,
fatigue
Hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice, vasoocclusive crises, splenomegaly
Fatigue, bone pain, children have
chipmunk appearance or “hair on
end” of skull bones, spleen and liver
enlargement
Fever, chills, flushing, tachycardia,
tachypnea
Microcytic and hypochromic cells,
fatigue, koilonychias, pica
Fatigue, dyspnea, glossitis, tingling
Vitamin B12
and numbness in hands and feet,
deficiency
megaloblastic cells
Megaloblastic cells, may lack overt
Folic acid deficiency signs and symptoms, weakness,
fatigue
Fatigue, weakness, bleeding,
Aplastic anemia
petechiae, nosebleeds, increased
infections
Splenomegaly, elevated Hct and Hb,
Polycythemia
Flushed face