Mitosis
Miss Parks - Plant Biology
Mitosis Stages
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Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
(I Passed My Anatomy Test Calmly)
Purpose: Growth and Repair (Body Cells)
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If you get a cut
Going from a 7 lb baby to an 70 lb child
Chromosomes:
● DNA is organized into chromosomes
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How many chromosomes?
1 pair from mom, one pair from dad
● Diploid Cells
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Cells with all 46 chromosomes
Diploid = 2 sets each
● Mitosis allows 1 cell with 46
chromosomes to split into 2 cells that
are genetically identical, each with 46
chromosomes all in order to keep life
going.
Interphase (initial)
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Most of our lives, cells are
hanging out in this stage
Inbetween episodes of
mitosis.
As mitosis process begins
to gear up
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Centrosomes duplicate
DNA replication
Prophase (prolapse)
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First actual stage of mitosis, nuclear membrane
disintegrates
Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
Centrosomes start peeling away and head to opposite
ends of the cell, leaving behind microtubules.
Metaphase (middle)
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Chromosomes attach to those
microtubules right down in the
middle at their centromeres.
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Motor proteins are pushing and
pulling chromosomes around
until they are lined up right
down the middle.
Anaphase (ana=back)
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Motor proteins start pulling so hard on the ropes that the x shaped
chromosomes split back into their individual single chromosomes.
Then dragged to either end of the cell.
Telophase/Cytokinesis
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Nuclear membrane is reformed
Chromosomes relax back to chromatin
Crease forms between the 2 new cells (cleavage)
Clean break, 2 new cells with 46 chromosomes each
“Daughter cells” genetic copy of each other
Mitosis in Plants
Meiosis
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Meiosis is the process where gametes are formed. (sperm and egg or pollen
and egg)
Those gametes will come back together again and become fertilized to create
a zygote. Then go through Mitosis and start over again.
Makes sure the offspring is different from the two parents.
Meiosis
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Taking