V2G Pilot Project for LG Nova
I.
The V2G Project Goals
Demonstration of a total hardware (EV fast charger), software/SaaS (EV charger’s web/mobile
application, DERMS and Blockchain based Energy Trading platform or BCTE) and cyber-secure,
efficient user-friendly communication protocols (OPCC and OpenADR) for EV-fleet charge/discharge
management to help the local grid operator (i.e., DSO and LDC) with optimal grid assets management
(e.g., MV/LV distribution transformers, breakers and lines/cables), voltage stability improvement, and
grid reliability & resiliency improvement during normal and contingency grid operation conditions.
II.
Proposed Architecture
In the proposed architecture, there are three software agents for the DSO, EVSE owner, and EV driver
hosted by the IEMS server. Here, the network status is monitored by the DSO dashboard which is
connected to the DSO Agent. The transactive energy scenario is as follows: First, the DSO Agent clears
the markets using the DERMS software. The DERMS software needs the distribution feeder data at
MECO campus including the SLD diagram, load, and PV profiles (or at least peak and off-peak load
values and average PV generation during each day in different seasons). Then, based on the results of the
DERMS software, the DSO Agent starts sending offers {Energy, Price, start-time, time-duration} to the
EVSE Agent through the blockchain service (or BCTE platform). After reaching an agreement (via
price/energy negotiations and counteroffers) for a deal, a smart contract is automatically generated
between these two stakeholders. Afterward, the EVSE Agent sends an offer {Energy, Price, start-time,
time-duration} to the EV Driver agent through the BCTE and the EV Driver Agent forwards that offer
{Energy, Price, start-time, time-duration} to the driver's cell phone Mobile App, where the EV driver
receives the offer and decides to either charge or discharge his/her EV car. After EV driver’s decision on
the mobile App, a smart contract is automatically generated between the EV driver and EVSE; then the
EVSE Agent sends the data based on the contract to the EVSE controller (via OpenADR communication
protocol). These data include EV-car ID, energy, price, start-time, time-duration and the EV car’s current
SOC (state of charge). The EVSE controller then communicates with the charging station (via the OCPP
protocol) and when the EV car is attached to the charging station, the metered data (at the end of the
charging or discharging process) is sent back (through the OpenADR protocol) to the EVSE Agent. On
the other hand, the EV car’s IoT sensor or mobile App sends the metered data (including the received
energy or injected energy, and final SOC) to the BCTE. For, these parts we need to setup an interface
using OpenADR to communicate between the EVSE controller at MECO and the IEMS Server. Also, we
need to receive the metered data from the EV car (before, during and after each energy transaction) via
the Blockchain service (or BCTE), which is hosted by the IEMS server. The BCTE and its embedded
Smart Contracts (between DSO and EVSE, and between EVSE and EV car) will monitor all Transactive
Energy participants’ behaviors during the execution of each TE contract to approve the payments/credits
or apply penalties based on agreed TE market rules.