Upper extremity I
1. Name never, arising from posterior cord of brachial plexus
- axillary nerve and radial nerve
2. Arterial anastomosis around the scapula is formed by
- Suprascapular artery
-Transverse cervical artery
-Dorsal scapular artery (the anastomosing branch of the transverse
cervical)
- Suprascapular artery
-Branches of subscapular artery
-Branches of thoracic aorta
3. Name the structure which may be damaged in fractures of the surgical neck
of the humerus
- axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
4. Medial posterior cubital sulcus contains
-Ulnar nerve
5. Damage of musculocutaneous nerve in the arm is characterized by
- Skin anesthesia on the lateral surface of the forearm
6. anterior antescapular slit is limited posteriorly by
- Serratus anterior muscle
anterior antescapular slit is limited anteriorly by
- thoracic wall
7. damage of radial nerve in the arm is characterized by
- Skin anesthesia on the posterior surface of the forearm
8. medial margin of biceps tendon in cubital fossa is place of projection
- Radial nerve
9. damage of musculocutaneous nerve in the arm is characterized by:
- Disturbance of flexion of forearm in elbow joint
10. muscles of posterior compartment of the arm are supplied by
- Radial nerve
11. damage of radial nerve in the arm is characterized by:
- Disturbance of extension of forearm in elbow joint
12. radial nerve at middle third of the arm is located
- humeromuscular canal
13.
posterior antescapular slit is limited posteriorly by:
Subscapularis muscle – posteriorly
14.
name nerve, arising from lateral cord of brachial plexus -
musculocutaneous nerve and lateral root of the median nerve
15.
axillary nerve in deltoid region is located on:
- Surgical neck of the humerus
16. the deep branch of radial nerve in cubital region winds around
- Neck of the radius
17. name nerve, arising from medial cord of brachial plexus
- The medial cutaneous nerve of the arm, the medial cutaneous nerve of
forearm, the ulnar nerve, the medial root of the median nerve
18. the deep subpectoral fat spaces is limited posteriorly by:
- Deep layer of the clavipectoral fascia
- the deep subpectoral fat spaces is limited Anteriorly by:
– posterior surface of pectoralis minor muscle
19. the superficial subpectoral fat spaces is limited posteriorly by: clavipectoral fascia & anterior layer of pectoralis minor (posteriorly)
- the superficial subpectoral fat spaces is limited anteriorly by: deep fascia &
posterior surface of pectoralis major muscle and its sheath
20. name structure of neurovascular bundle in clavipectoral triangle, which is
located superiorly and laterally regarding to axillary artery
- Brachial plexus
21. Damage of axillary nerve is characterized by:
- Disturbance abduction of the arm
- Skin anesthesia of deltoid region
22.
arm:
Syntopy of the median nerve and brachial artery in the inferior third of the
-Nerve lies medial to artery
23.
Humeromuscular canal is limited posteriorly by:
- Triceps muscle
24.Humeromuscular canal is limited anteriorly by:
- spiral groove or radial groove of humerus
25. Syntopy of median nerve and brachial artery on superior third of the arm:
- Nerve lies lateral to artery
26. Name the structure of neurovascular bundle in clavipectoral triangle , which
is located inferiorly and and medially regarding axillary artery
- Axillary vein
27. Name the structure of neurovascular bundle in clavipectoral triangle , which
is located superior and and laterally regarding axillary artery
- Brachial plexus
28. Arterial anastomosis around the scapula is formed by
- Circumflex scapular artery
29. In fracture of clavicle may be damaged - Brachial plexus
30. Medial posterior cubital sulcus contains
- Ulnar nerve
31. Syntopy of the median nerve and brachial artery on the middle third of the
arm
- Nerve lies anterior to artery
32. In fracture of clavicle may be damaged
- Axillary artery
33. The anterior antescapular slit is limited posteriorly
by: - Serratus anterior
34. Humeromuscular canal is limited anteriorly by:
- Spiral groove of humerus
35. In fracture of clavicle may damage:
- Brachial plexus
Upper extremity II 100%
1. carpal tunnel contains
- Ulnar bursa with tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and
profundus
2. "U"-shaped phlegmone of the hands is characterized by damages
- Digital Synovial sheath of fifth finger
3.
Subcutaneous fat of the palm of the hand is characterized by feature:
- Has lobular structure
4.
on
The flexor digital synovial sheaths of tendons proximally is projected
- the distal transverse crease of the palm
5.
the flexor digital synovial sheaths of tendons distally is projected
on The base of distal phalanges
6.
radial sulcus on middle and inferior third of forearm is limited
medially by: - Flexor carpi radialis muscle
7.
syntopy of ulnar nerve and ulnar artery in ulnar sulcus of forearm
- Nerve lies medial to artery
8.
carpal tunnel is limited by (all boundaries) :
- Posteriorly: Carpal bones
- Anteriorly: Retinaculum flexorum
9.
syntopy of radial nerve and radial artery in radial sulcus of forearm -
Nerve lies lateral to artery
10.
pirogoff's fat space of the forearm posteriorly is limited by:
- Posteriorly
- by the pronator quadratus
interosseous
membrane
11.
and above it by
"U"-shaped phlegmone of the hand is characterized by damages -
Ulnar synovial bursa
12.
Name structure which may be damaged in "dangerous zone"
according to kanavel (on proximal third of crease of thenar):
- Motor branch of median nerve
13.
Name anatomical structure, passing in carpal tunnel (canal) laterally:
- Radial bursa with the tendon of the flexor pollicis longus
14.
Ulnar sulcus of forearm is limited laterally by:
- laterally – by the flexor digitorum superficialis.
- medially – by the flexor carpi ulnaris
15. radial sulcus of forearm is limited laterally by:
- laterally – by the brachioradialis muscle.
16.
carpal tunnel contains: - Median nerve
17.
"U"-shaped phlegmone of the hand is characterized by
damages: - Radial synovial bursa
18.
Subcutaneous fat of the palm of the hand is characterized by
feature:
- Is pierced by fibrous septa, connecting the skin with palmar aponeurosis
and deep fascia
19.
radial sulcus on superior third of forearm is limited medially by: -
pronator teres muscle
20.
superficial palmar artery arch is located under:
Palmar aponeurosis
21.
U-shaped phlegmone of the hand is characterizes by damages -
Digital synovial sheath of fifth finger
22.
U-shaped phlegmone of the hand is characterized by damages:
- Radial synovial bursa
23. Ulnar sulcus of the forearm is limited medially by:
- flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
24. Radial neurovascular bundle in the forearm is located into:
- Radial sulcus
25.Midpalmar fascial space posteriorly is limited
- Post : interosseous fascia
- Medial : medial intermuscular septa
- Lat : lateral intermusc septa.
26. Inflammation of digital synovial sheath of the flexor tendon is called:
Tendovaginitis
27.Subtendinous fat space of the palm of the hand proximally communicates
with: - Carpal tunnel
28.
Pirogoff`s fat space of the forearm anteriorly is limited by: the
flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus.
29.
Midpalmar fascial space anteriorly is limited:
- ant : palmar aponeurosis.
- Post : interosseous aponeurosis
.
- Medial : medial intermuscular septa
- Lat : lateral intermusc septa.
30.Subtendinous fat space of the palm of the hand proximally through carpal
tunnel communicates with:
- Pirogoff`s fat sapce of the forearm
31. Deep palmar arterial arch is located under:
- tendos of flexor digitorum muscle
32. U shaped phlegmone of the hand is characterized by
damages: - Digital synovial sheath of first finger
33.Carpal tunnel contains :
- Radial bursa with tendon of the flexor pollicis longus
34. Carpal tunnel is limited anteriorly by:
- Flexor retinaculum
35. Ulnar sulcus of the forearm is limited laterally by:
- flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
36. Ulnar sulcus of the forearm is limited medially by:
- flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
37. Name anatomical structure, passing in carpal tunnel (canal) medially
Ulnar bursa w tendons of flexor digitorum superficial and profundus.
Lower extremity I - 90-100%
1.The fat of popliteal fossa along tibial nerve and popliteal vessels inferiorly
communicates with:
Fat of cruropopliteal canal
2.Muscular lacuna is limited by ( all boundaries ):
- anteriorly – by
the inguinal ligament
- posteriorly and laterally
iliopectineal arch
– by
or ligament.
,
the ilium
, - medially – by the
3.Base of femoral triangle is formed by:
- Inguinal ligament
4.In phlegmon of gluteal region, pus along sciatic nerve inferiorly spreads to:
- Fat of posterior compartment of the thigh
5.Superior and lateral border of popliteal fossa:
- Biceps femoris muscle
6.The adductor canal contains:
- femoral artery Femoral vein saphenous nerve
7.Muscles of adductor (medial) compartment of the thigh are innervated
by: - obturator nerve
8.Floor of femoral triangle is formed
by: - iliopsoas muscle pectineus
muscle.
9. Subcutaneous fat of the gluteal region is characterized by feature: Is pierced by fibrous septa, connecting the skin with deep fascia
10.Vascular lacuna is limited medially by: medially:
lacunar ligament
11. The fat space of the gluteal region is communicated with
- Pelvic fat ischiorectal fossa
Fat of posterior compartment of the thigh
Fat of adduction compartment of tight
12.The superior foramen of adductor canal transmits:
- Saphenous nerve
Femoral artery and vein
13.Name anatomical structure of neurovascular bundle of popliteal fossa which
is located laterally and superfically: - Tibial nerve
14. Muscles of posterior compartment of the thigh are innervated by:
- Sciatic nerve
15.The adductor canal anteriorly is bounded by:
anterior: vasta adductoria lamina
16.The femoral canal is limited by( all boundaries ):
anterior: falciform
margin of fascia lata/ superficial layer of fascia lata posterior and
medially: pectineal fascia lata (deep layer of fascia
lata) laterally: sheath of femoral vein
17.Vascular lacuna is limited laterally by:
lateral: iliopectineal arch or ligament
18.The floor of popliteal fossa is formed by:
- Oblique popliteal ligament and capsule of the joint
Posterior aspect of the lower end of body of femur
Popliteal muscle
19. Name anatomical structure of neurovascular bundle of popliteal fossa which
is located medially and deeply:
- Popliteal artery
20.
Inferior and medial border of popliteal fossa is formed by: -
Medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle
21.
Name the structure of femoral neurovascular bundle under
inguinal ligament, which is located medially
regarding to femoral
artery:
- Femoral vein
22.Subcutaneous fat of the gluteal region is characterized by feature:
- Has lobular structure
23. Fat surrounding the sciatic nerve superiorly communicates:
- With fat space of gluteal region
24. Inferiorly and lateral border of popliteal fossa is formed by:
- Lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle
26.In phlegmon of gluteal region, pus along inferior gluteal neurovascular
bundle and sciatic nerve through infrapiriformis foramem spreads to:
- Pelvic fat
27. Muscular lacuna is limited anteriorly by:
- inguinal ligament
28.Muscles of anterior compartment of the thigh are innervated by:
- Femoral nerve
29.The deep ring of the femoral canal is limited by( all boundaries ) :
In front: inguinal ligament posterior: pectineal ligament
medially: lacunar ligament laterally: sheath of femoral vein.
30.
Name the structure passing through the vascular lacuna:
Femoral vein
Femoral artery
31.
The adductor canal is bounded by ( all boundaries ) :
anterior: vasta adductoria lamina
lateral: vastus medialis muscle
Medially and posterior: adductor magnus muscle
32.
The fat surrounding the sciatic nerve anteriorly along perforating
branches of the profunda femoris artery communicates :
- With fat of medial (adductor) fascial compartment of the thigh
33. Muscular lacuna is limited posteriorly and laterally by:
- Illium
34. The fat of surrounding the sciatic nerve inferiorly
communicates: - with Fat of popliteal fossa
35.The superficial ring of the femoral canal is limited by:
- Falciform margin of the fascia lata
36. Name structure of femoral neurovascular bundle under inguinal ligamen
t which is located laterally regarding to femoral artery
- Femoral nerve
37.
Femoral artery regarding to femoral nerve in femoral triangle: -
Medially
38.
Name anatomical structure of neurovascular bundle of adductor
canal which is located posteriorly and laterally:
- Femoral vein
39.
Fat of popliteal fossa along popliteal vessels superiorly communicates
with - fat of femoral triangle
40.
Name the structure passing through the muscular lacuna
Femoral nerve Iliopsoas
muscle
lateral cutaneous nerve of the tight
41.
The anterior foramen of adductor canal transmits
Saphenous nerve
Descending genicular artery
42.
Name anatomical structure of neurovascular bundle of adductor canal
which is located anteriorly and medially
Saphenous nerve
43.
Fat of popliteal fossa along tibial nerve superiorly communicates with:
Fat of posterior compartment of the thigh
44.
In phlegmon of gluteal region, pus along internal pudendal vessels and
nerve through lesser sciatic foramen spreads to
Fat of ischiorectal fossa
45.
Medial border of femoral triangle is formed by
Adductor longus muscle
46.
Lateral border of femoral triangle is formed by
Sartorius muscle
47.
Vascular lacuna is limited anteriorly by
Inguinal ligament
48.
The obturator canal is formed inferiorly by
Obturator internus and externus muscles Obturator
membrane
49.
The obturator canal is formed superiorly by
Obturator groove of superior ramus of pubic bone
50.
Name anatomical structure, which adjoins to the floor of popliteal fossa
Popliteal artery
51.
Superior and medial border of popliteal fossa is formed
Semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscle
52.
The femoral canal is limited laterally by
Femoral vein
53.
Vascular lacuna is limited posteriorly by
Pectineal ligament
54.
The adductor canal anteriorly is bounded by anterior: vasta adductoria
lamina
55.
The inferior foramen ( adductorius hiatus) of adductor canal transmits:
Femoral artery and vein
56.
The adductor canal laterally is bounded by
Vastus medialis muscles
57.
Fat of popliteal fossa along popliteal vessels communicates with the fat
of femoral triangle
Adductor canal
58.
In phlegmon of gluteal region, pus along anastomosis between inferior
gluteal artery and posterior branches of obturator artery
Fat of adductor compartment of the thigh
59.
Name anatomical structure of neurovascular bundle of adductor canal
which is located laterally
to femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lower Limb II 95%
1. Superior musculoperoneal canal medially is limited
- Neck of the fibula
2.
Laterally the cruropopliteal canal (grubers) is limited by
Laterally – flexor hallucis longus
3.
Along plantar, calcaneal and malleolar canals pus from the middle space
of the sole spread to
- Fat of cruropopliteal canal
4. Equinovarus syndrome in damaged of commmon peroneal nerve consists of
- Supination of the foot
- Plantar-flexion
5. Dorsalis pedis artery is located laterally to
- extensor hallucis longus tendon
6.
Calcaneovalgus syndrome in damaged of tibial nerve
consists of - Dorsifelxion of the foot pronation of foot
7.
The superior musculoperoneal canal contains the structure -
Terminal part of common peroneal nerve.
Superficial peroneal nerve
8.
The malleolar canal is limited medially
- flexor retinaculum
9. Pus from the middle space of the sole through commissural foramina of
plantar aponeurosis spread to
- subcutaneous tissue of the sole
10.
The inferior musculoperoneal canal contains the structure - peroneal
artery and veins
11.
Fibula
Inferior musculoperoneal canal anteriorly is limited
12.
Syntopy of deep peronal nerve in relation to anterior tibial artery in the
middle third of the leg
- Nerve lies anterior to artery
13. Achiles tendon or tendon calcaneus is formed by
- Soleus muscle
-Gastrocnemius tendon
14.
Along plantar arch pus from the middle space of the sole spread to Fat dorsum of the foot
15.
Calcaneovalgus syndrome in damaged of tibial nerve consists
of - dorsiflexion of the fot.
16.
Muscles of anterior compartment of the leg are suplied by - Deep
peroneal nerve
17.
The pulse of the posterior tibial artery can be found at the middle
point between
- Medial Malleolus and acchiles tendon
18.Inferior musculoperoneal canal posteriorly is limited:
- flexor hallucis longus
19. Achiles tendon or tendon calcaneus is formed by
- Soleus muscle
20.
Along lumbricalis muscles pus from the middle space of the soles spread
to - fat of interdigital intervals and dorsum of toes
21.
Through inferior outlet and malleolar canal along vessels and nerve the
fat of cruropopliteal canal of the leg communicates with:
- Fat of the sole of the foot
22. The common peroneal nerve before superior musculoperoneal canal lies
on: - Condyle of the femur
23.Achilles tendon is formed by:
- Plantaris mucle
24. Name structures which leave cruropopliteal canal through inferior
musculoperoneal canal:
- Peroneal artery and vein
25. The malleolar canal is limited laterally:
- Calcaneous
26. Equinovarus syndrome in damaged common peroneal nerve consists of
: - Supination of the foot
27.The fat of cruropopliteal canal through inlet foramen along posterior tibial
vessels and tibial nerve superiorly communicates with:
- Fat of popliteal fossa
28. Muscles of posterior compartment of the leg are supplied
by: - Tibial nerve
29.Name structure which passes through cruropopliteal canal:
- Posterior tibial artery
30. Through superior outlet along anterior tibial artery the fat of cruropopliteal
fossa canal of the leg communicates with:
- Fat of anterior fascial compartment of the leg
30.Name structure which passes through cruropopliteal canal:
Tibial nerve
Posterior tibial artery
Peroneal artery
31.The terminal part of common peroneal nerve passing through superior
musculoperoneal canal adjoins to:
- Neck of the fibula
32. Achilles tendon or tendon calcaneus if formed by:
- Soleus muscle
-Gastrocnemius tendon
Plantaris muscle
33.Syntopy of deep peronal nerve in relation to anterior tibial artery in the upper
third of the leg
- Nerve lies lateral to artery
34.Syntopy of deep peronal nerve in relation to anterior tibial artery in the lower
third of the leg:
- Nerve lies medial to artery
Superior musculoperoneal canal laterally
Peroneal longus muscles
Medially the cruropopliteal canal (grubers) is limited by
Flexor digitorum longus
Posteriorly the cruropopliteal canal (grubers) is limited by
Soleus muscle
Anteriorly the cruropopliteal canal (grubers) is limited by
Tibialis posterior muscle
Dorsalis pedis artery is located medially
Extensor digitorium longus
Joints of the extremities and operations on them
–
100%
1. anterior puncture of the hip joint is made in point
- Midpoint of line connecting apex of greater trochanter and midpoint of
inguinal ligament
2. diagnostic line of rozer-nelation is drawn between:
- Anterior superior iliac spine and ischial tuberosity
3. manipulation for the evacuation of pathological fluid and introduction of
medical products in the joint cavity is names by:
- Puncture
4.
anteriorly the capsule of the knee joint is reinforced by ligament: -
Patellar ligament
5.
displacement of the head of the humerus in anterior dislocations
may be accompanied by lesion of:
- Brachial plexus
6. medial puncture of the ankle joint is made in point:
- 1cm above apex of medial malleolus and 2cm lateral to medial malleolus
7. in purulent arthritis of shoulder joint, pus through intertubercular recess
spread to:
- Subdeltoid fat space
8. the cavity of the shoulder joint is expanded by:
- axillary, subscapular, intertubercular recesses
9.
laterally the capsule of the knee joint is reinforced by ligament: -
Collateral fibular ligament
10.
posterior dislocation of the crus in knee joint may be complicated
by damage of:
-Popliteal artery
11.
posteriorly the capsule of the knee joint is reinforced by ligament -
Oblique and arcuate genus ligament
12.
lateral puncture of the hip joint is made:
- Above apex of greater trochanter
13. horizontal line for point of intersection in puncture of the radiocarpal joint is
made:
- connecting apexes of the styloid process
14. name anatomical structure, which may damage in drainage of posterior
lateral recesses of knee joint:
- Common peroneal nerve
15. the cavity of the shoulder joint is expanded by:
- - axillary, subscapular, intertubercular recesses
16. displacement of the head of the femur in posterior inferior dislocation may
lead to lesion
- sciatic and inferior gluteal vessels and nerve
17.
lateral puncture of the shoulder joint is made in the point under: -
under prominence part of the acromion
18.
anterior puncture of the shoulder joint is made:
- under coracoid process
19. in purulent arthritis of shoulder joint, pus through subscapular recess spread
to:
- Subscapular bed
20. posterior puncture of the elbow joint is made in point above:
- Olecranon
21. in purulent arthritis of shoulder joint, pus through axillary recess spread to:
- Axillary fossa
22. the cavity of the shoulder joint is expanded by:
- - axillary, subscapular, intertubercular recesses
23. lateral puncture of the knee joint is made at following points:
- 1-2 cm laterally from the base or apex of the patella
24. displacement of the head of the humerus in inferior dislocation or axillary
may be accompanied by lesion of:
- Axillary nerve
25. vertical line for point of intersection in puncture of the radiocarpal joint is
made:
- continuation of II metacarpal bone.
26. displacement of the head of the femur in anterior superior dislocation may
lead to lesion:
- Femoral artery ( femoral vessels and nerve)
27. lateral puncture of the ankle joint is made in point:
- 2cm above apex of lateral malleolus and 1cm medial to lateral malleolus
28.
medial puncture of the knee joint is made at following point: - 1-2
cm medially from the base or apex of the patella
29.
displacement of the head of the humerus in anterior dislocations
may be accompanied by lesion of:
- brachial plexus, Axillary artery
30. intraarticular ligaments of the knee joint are:
- Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
31. laterally and superiorly the capsule of shoulder joint is reinforced by
ligament:
- Coracohumeral ligament
32. displacement of the head of the femur in anterior inferior dislocation may
lead to lesion:
- Obturator vessels and nerve
33. displacement of the head of the femur in posterior superior dislocation mat
lead to lesion:
- Sciatic nerve
34.
medially the capsule of the knee joint is reinforced by
ligament: Collateral tibial ligament
35.
lateral puncture of the elbow joint is made in point
between: - Olecranon and lateral epicondyle of humerus
OPERATIONS ON VESSELS, NERVE AND
TENDON
1.the requirement for vascular suturing is:
- Prevention of thrombus formation on the line of the suture
2. direct access to vessels is:
- Incision is carried out on a projective line
3. the line of the projection of the femoral artery is drawn to:
-adductor tubercle of the medial epicondyle of the femur
4. the line of projection of the anterior tibial artery drawn from:
-middle between the head of fibula and tibial tuberosity
5. indirect access to vessels is:
- 1 - 2 cm from a projective line.
6. the line of the projection of the posterior tibial artery is drawn from:
- from the point on 1 cm posterior to medial margin of the tibia
7.
the line of projection of the femoral artery is drawn from: midpoint of the inguinal ligament
8.
the line of projection of the sciatic nerve is drawn from:
- midpoint between the ischial tuberosity and the greater trochanter
9. suture of nerve using the traditional technique should be applied:
- Leaving diastasis between the ends of the nerve in the 1mm and stiching
only epineurium
10. instruments (tools) and materials that are used for the arterial vascular
suture:
- Non- absorbale suture material, atraumatic needle, anatomical forceps
11.
the line of the projection of the median nerve on forearm is drawn
from: - midpoint of the cubital fossa
12.
the line of the projection of the radial artery on forearm is drawn
from: - medial margin of the bicipitalis tendon
13.
the line of projection of the axillary artery passes along:
- Aterior boundary of the growth of the hair
14. variant of the sutures of tendon is:
- Kuneo susture
15.
in vascular carrel's suture the edges of a vessel are connected by: -
Three fixation sutures
16.
requirements for the suture of tendon are:
- rought surface?
17. the line of projection of the tibial nerve is drawn from:
- middle of the popliteal fossa
18. the line of the projection of the ulnar nerve and ulnar artery on forearm is
drawn from:
- Medial epicondyle of the humerus
19. the line of projection of the deep peroneal nerve ia drawn from: - drawn
from the middle between the head of fibula and tibial tuberosity
20. the line of projection of the median nerve in the arm is drawn from: midpoint of the cubital fossa
21. the line of the projection of the axillary artery passes:
- between the anterior and middle third of the width of the axillary fossa
22. the indication for neurorhaphy is:
- complete anatomic break of a nervous trunk, presence of irreversible
scar changes in all diameter of a nervous trunk
23.
the line of projection of the dorsalis pedis artery is drawn from: -
the middle between the medial malleolus and lateral malleolus.
24.
suture of nerve using the microscopical technique should be applied
25.
posterior tibial artery in median aspect of the ankle is located: - midpoint
between the Achilles tendon and the medial malleolus.
26.
the line of the projection of the ulnar nerve and ulnar artery on forearm is
drawn to:
- lateral border of the pisiform bone.
27. the line of the projection of the radial nerve on posterior aspect of the arm is
drawn from:
- middle of the posterior border deltoid muscle
28. the requirement for vascular suturing is
- Hermtic
29. neurolysis is:
- release of a nerve from a scar tissue
30.
the line of projection of the dorsalis pedis artery is drawn to: - first
interdigital space
31.
the line of projection of the anterior tibial artery is drawn to: -
middle between the medial malleolus and lateral malleolus
32.
suture material, used at performing of mechanical vascular suture
are: - Tentalum staples
33.
the line of projection of the median nerve on forearm is drawn to: -
midpoint between the thenar and the hypothenar eminences.
34.
the line of projection of the brachial artery in the cubital fossa passes
along: - medial border of the bicipital tendon.
35.
the line of projection of the deep peroneal nerve is drawn to:
- middle between the medial malleolus and lateral malleolus
36. the line of projection of the brachial artery and median nerve of the arm
passed along:
- medial bicipital sulcus
37. the line of projection of the median nerve in the arm is drawn to:
-midpoint between the medial epicondyle and the bicipital tendon.
38. the line of projection of the tibial nerve is drawn to:
- midpoint between the Achilles tendon and the medial malleolus.
39.
the line of the projection of the posterior tibial artery ia drawn to: - to
midpoint between the Achilles tendon and the medial malleolus.
40.
the line of the projection of the radial nerve on posterior aspect of the arm
is drawn to:
- inferior third of the lateral bicipital sulcus.
41.The line of projection of the sciatic nerve is drawn to:
To the middle of popliteal fossa
42.Suture of nerve using the microsurgical technique should be applied:
Comparing the ends of nerve without diastasis and stitching only
perineurium
43. The line of the projection of the radial artery on forearm is drawn to: To
0.5 cm medial to styloid process of the radius or point of pulsation
44. Requirement for vascular suturing is :
Minimum narrowing of the lumen of the vessel
TOPOGRAPHY OF CEREBRAL PART OF THE
HEAD
1. Through subcutaneous tissue of the frontal part of the fronto-parietal
occipital region the following vessels and nerves pass:
Supratrochlear artery and nerve
*supraorbital artery and nerve
2. At the inferior free border of the falx cerebri the cranial venous sinus is
located:
Inferior sagittal sinus
3. Purulent process in interaponeurotic fat tissue of the temporal region is:
Limited within the region
4. The epidural space is filled by:
Connective tissue
5. Subdural space is located between:
Dura mater and arachnoid mater
6. Name the symptom in fracture passing through cribriform plate of anterior
cranial fossa:
Disorders of olfaction
*liquorrhea
*epistaxis
7. Name structure, which passes in the wall of cavernous sinus:
Oculomotor nerve
8. Scalp wound of the soft tissue of the cranial fornix is developed due to:*
rich blood supply to soft tissue radial direction of vessel loose
subaponeurotic fat tissue
9. Name structure, which passes in the wall of cavernous sinus:
Trochlear nerve
10.At the superior fixed margin of the falx cerebri the cranial venous sinus is
located:
Superior sagittal sinus
11.Superiorly the triangle of shipo for trepanation of the mastoid process is
limited by:
Line drawing from the suprameatic spine to apex of mastroid process
*ant: continuation of zygomatic arch
*post: mastoid crest
12.Name the symptom in fracture passing through superior wall of orbit:
Hemorrhage into orbit
*emphysema of orbit
*exophtalmus
13.At trepanation of the mastoid process the following structure adjoining to
the triangle of shipo superiorly can be damaged:
Semicircular canals and wall of the tympanic cavity
14.Name structure, passing through the superior orbital fissure of the base
of the skull:
Abducent nerve
*oculomotor, trochlear, opthalmic, abducent, superior/inferior
ophtalmic veins
15.Emissary veins connect:
Extracranial veins and diploic veins with sinuses of dura mater
16.Name structure, passing through the jugular foramen of the base of the
skull:
Accessory nerve
*glossopharyngeal, vagus, IJV
17.Name structure, passing through the optic canal of the base of the
skull Optic nerve
*opthalmic artery
18.Along the line of attachment of the falx cerebri to tentorium cerebelli is
located sinus:
Straight sinus
19.The brain is supplied by branches of:
Vertebral arteries
*internal carotid
20. Anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery is determined in the point
of intersection of lines:
Superior horizontal line and anterior vertical line
21. The ventricles of brain are filled by:
CSF
22. The subaponeurotic fat space of the temporal region extends downward
into:
The buccal fatpad of buccinator
*intratemporal fossa
23. Localization of hematoma in subaponeurotic fat of fronto-parietal
opccipital region corresponds to the clinical picutre: *
Widespread in the region of the head and neck
OR widespread in boundaries of region
24. Name structure, which passes through cavernous sinus:
Abducent nerve
*Internal carotid artery
25.Along the line of attachment of the falx cerebelli to the bone is located
sinus:
Occipital
26.Along the line of the anterior attachment of the tentorium cerebelli to the
bones is located sinus:*
Transverse
27. Fat space of temporal region is:
Interaponeurotic fat
*subaponeurotic
28. The sinuses of dura mater is filled by:
Venous blood
29. The trunk of the middle meningeal artery is determined in the point of
intersection of lines:
Inferior horizontal line and anterior vertical line
30. Middle meningeal artery enters cranial cavity through:
Foramen spinosum
31. Purulent process in subaponeurotic fat tissue of the temporal region is:
Can be spread to fat of infratemporal fossa
32. The periosteum is easily stripped of the bone in the fronto-parietal
occipital region because:
Presence of loose subperiosteal fat3
33. Anterior vertical line of the scheme of cranio-cerebral topography of
Kronlein is drawn perpendicularly to the horizontal lines through:
Middle zygomatic arch
34. Middle meningeal artery is located in: *
Subdural space
35.Subarachnoid space contains:
Liquor (CSF)
36.Collateral circulation of the blood supply of the brain is provided by:
Willis arterial circle
37.The ventricles of the brain is communicated with:*
Subarachnoid space
*central canal of spinal cord
38. Name structure, passing through foramen lacerum of the base of the
skull:
Internal carotid artery
39.At trepanation of the mastoid process the following structure adjoining to
the triangle anteriorly can be damaged:
Facial nerve
40. Scheme of cranio-cerebral topography of Kronlein is used for
determination of:
Projection on the surface of the skull intracranial structures
41. Through foramen ovale of the base of the skull the following strcuture
passes:
Mandibular nerve
*Lesser petrosal nerve
42. Middle vertical line of the scheme of Kronlein is drawn perperdincularly to
the horizontal lines through:
Temporomandibular joint
43. Through foramen spinosum of the base of the skull the following
structure passes:
Middle meningeal artery
44.Fat space of the fronto-parietao-occipital region is:
Subaponeurotic fat
*subperiosteal
45.Septa of dura mater is:
Falx cerebelli
46. Profuse bleeding of the wounds of soft tissues of the fornix of the skull is
determinated:*
BY CONNECTION OF ADVENTITIA OF VESSELS WITH FASCIAL
SEPTA
BY LOCALIZATION OF VESSELS IN SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE BY
LARGE NUMBER OF ANASTOMOSES BETWEEN THE VESSELS
47.Posterior vertical line of the scheme of cranio-cerebral topography of
Kronlein is drawn perpendicularly to the horizontal lines through: Posterior
point of the base of the mastoid process
48. On the sides of sella turcica is located sinus:
Cavernous
49. Inner skeleton of the cranial cavity is formed by:
CSF and dura mater
50.Subperiosteal hematoma of the fronto-parietal-occipital region is localized
within one bone due to:
Attachment of periosteum to bone at the sutures
51. Subarachnoid cisterns are:
Extended parts of the subarachnoid space
52.Subarachnoidal space is located between:
Arachnoid mater and pia mater
53.Through subcutaneous tissue of the parietal part of the frontoparietal occipital region the following vessels and nerves pass:
Superficial temporal artery and auriculo-temporal nerve
54.Epidural space is located between:
Bones of the fornix of the skull and dura mater
55. Through subcutaneous tissue of the occipital part of the fronto-parietal
occipital region the following vessels and nerves pass:
Occipital artery, lesser and greater occipital nerves
56.Along posterior attachment of the tentorium cerebelli to the bones is
located sinus: *
Direct
57. Localization of the hematoma in subperiosteal fat of the fronto-parietal
occipital region corresponds to the next clinical picture:*
Protrusion and fluctuation is limited to one bone of the fornix of the
skull
58. Through foramen rotundum of the base of the skull the following
structure pass:
Maxillary nerve
59.Mastoid emissary vein connects the following structures:
Superficial veins of the skull and sigmoid sinus
60. At trepanation of mastoid process the following structure adjoining to the
triangle of shipo posteriorly can be damaged:
Sigmoid sinus
61. Layer of fat tissue of the fronto-parietal-occipital region is:
Subcutaneous tissue
62. Localization of the hematoma in subcutaneous tissue of the fronto
parietal-occipital region corresponds to the next clinical picture:
Limited in the form of cone
FACIAL PART OF THE HEAD
1. Anterior part of peripharyngeal space is limited inferiorly by:
Hyoid bone
*med – pharynx
*lat – medial pterygoid m and parotid gland
*post – stylopharyngeal aponeurosis
2. The pterygoid plexus communicates with superficial venous systems of
the face by means:
Deep facial vein
3. Through posterior part of peripharyngeal fat space around internal carotid
artery the following structure passes:
Sympathetic nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Accessory nerve
Vagus nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
4. Anterior part of peripharyngeal space is limited posteriorly by:
Stylopharyngeal aponeurosis
5. Interpterygoid space of deep region of the face is bounded medially by:
Medial pterygoid muscle
*lat – lateral pterygoid muscle
6. The pterygoid venous plexus communicates with cavernous sinus by
means:
Inferior ophtalmic vein
Emissary vein of oval foramen
7. Retropharyngeal space is communicated with:
Fat spaces of neck and posterior mediastinum
8. Posterior part of the peripharyngeal space inferiorly communicates with:
Fat spaces of neck and anterior mediastinum
9. The skin of the face is innervated by: Trigeminal nerve
10.The deep region of the face contains:
Mandibular nerve
Maxillary artery
Pterygoid venous plexus
11.Internal jugular vein regarding to internal carotid artery in posterior part of
peripharyngeal fat space is located:
Laterally
12.Name the anatomical structure, passing through the parotid gland:
Facial nerve
External carotid artery
Retromandibular vein
13.Temporopterygoid space of the deep region of the face is bounded
laterally by:
Temporal muscle
*medial – lateral pterygoid muscle
14.Anterior part of peripharyngeal space is limited medially by:
Lateral wall of pharynx
15.Peripharyngeal space is limited medially by:
Lateral wall of pharynx
*lat – parotid gland
16.The pterygoid venous plexus communicates with
Superficial venous system of face
Cavernous sinus
17.Branche of trigeminal nerve is:
Ophthalmic nerve
Mandibular nerve
Maxillary nerve
18.The weak place of the capsule of the parotid gland is:
Superior part in region of external acoustic
meatus Pharyngeal or pterygoid process
19.Purulent process of sheath of the parotid gland may lead to:
Paralysis of facial nerve
Erosive bleeding from external carotid artery
Erosive bleeding from retromandibular vein
20.Retropharyngeal space is limited posteriorly by:
Prevertebral fascia
*ant – posterior wall of pharynx
*lat – pharyngoprevertebral aponeurosis
*sup – base of the skull
*inf – below C6 till posterior mediastinum
21.Anterior branch of facial nerve is:
Zygomatic
Buccal
Temporal
Cervical
Marginal mandibular
22.Peculiarity of mimic muscles:
Localization in subcutaneous tissue
Attached to the skin
23.Purulent process from sheath of the parotid gland may be spread into:
Peripharyngeal space
External acoustic meatus
24.Superficial venous network of the face is formed by:
Angular vein
Retromandibular vein
Facial vein
25.The chewing muscle is:
Medial pterygoid
Masseter
Lateral pterygoid
26.Place of outlet of supraorbital nerve on the face is:
Supraorbital foramen
27. Posterior part of the peripharyngeal space superiorly communicates with:
Cranial cavity
28. Posterior branch of facial nerve is:
Posterior auricular
29.Place of outlet of mental nerve on the face is:
Mental foramen
30.Deep venous network:
Pterygoid venous plexus
31.Internal carotid artery regarding to internal jugular vein in posterior part of
peripharyngeal fat space is located:
Medially
32.The mimic muscles of the face are innervated by:
Facial nerve
33.The chewing muscles of the face are innervated by:
Trigeminal nerve
34.Nasolabial triangle is called by the critical area of the head because:
Inflammatory process the infection can spread in the sinuses of dura
mater
35.Place of outlet of infraorbital nerve of the face is:
Infraorbital foramen
OPERATIONS ON THE HEAD
1. Penetrating wound of the head is called wound in which is damaged of:
Dura mater
2. Manipulation that performed in the decompressive trepanation of the skull:
Within trepanational zone bone is removed
After the main stage the trepanational zone is covered by soft tissues
3. The skin incision in opening of surface abscess of the face is performed
on the bases of:
Distribution of facial nerve branches
4. Instrument for formation of drill bone holes in trepanations of the skull is:
Brace with set of cutters and drills
5. State the method of the treatment of the bone in the cranioectomy:
Bone is cut linearly
Osteoperiosteal flap is fixed
6. Form of incision for dura mater is usually used:
“U”-shaped
7. Trepanation of mastoid process performed within:
Shipo triangle
8. Instrument for connecting drill bones holes in osteo-plastic trepanation is:
Dalgren’s forceps
Gigli Chain saw
9. State the method of the treatment of the bone in the osteo-plastic
trepanations of the skull:
Osteoperiosteal flap is fixed
After the main stage of operation bone flap is put in place
Within trepanational zone bone is removed
10.Indication for decompressive trepanation is:
Increased intracranial pressure if you cannot delete the pathological
process
11.Indication for trepanation of mastoid process is:
Mastoiditis
12.Method of scalp suturing in simple scalp wounds is:
Minimum number of interrupted sutures of skin edges
13.Form of incision for dura mater is usually used:
Cross-shaped
14.Repair of the cranial defect is performed for:
Protect the brain from possible injury at work or play
Psychological reason
Comestic reason
15.Method of scalp suturing in surgical incisions and traumatic wounds
longer than 3 or 4 cm is: Two layer of sutures of wound edges
16.Craniotomy is:
Osteoplastic trepanation
17.State the method of stop bleeding from the diploe of the
skull Rubbing in the bone of sterile wax
18.Shape of the scalp incision for trepanation is:
Horseshoe
19.Osteo-plastic trepanation of the skull is:
Opening acess to the brain and its meninges
20.Damaged cerebral tissue can be removed by:
Irrigation and suction
21.The base of the skin-musculo-aponeurotic horseshoe-shaped flap in
trepanation of the skull is directed:
Downwards
22.Name the instrument for enlargement of trepanational drill hole in
decompressive trepanation of the skull:
Luer’s bone-cutting forceps
23.Local anesthetic to avoid infection spread is infiltrated:
Through clean undamaged skin
24.Non-penetrating wound of the head is called wound in which is not
damaged of:
Dura mater
TOPOGRAPHY OF THORACIC WALL AND SOME
OPERATIONS
1.Osteal surface landmark of the thoracic wall is:
Sternum
Scapule
Ribs
Xiphoid process
2.Additional way of lymphatic drainage from mammary gland is directed in
lymph nodes:
Infraclavicular nodes
Extraperitoneal and nodes of organs of supracolic
Supraclavicular Parasternal
3.The blood supply of thoracic wall is provided by:
Lateral thoracic artery
Internal thoracic artery
Thoracodorsal artery
Intercostal arteries
4.Name peculiarities of the relation of the superficial fascia with mammary
gland:
Fascia give off septa into gland and septa separates lobes
Fascia forms suspensory ligament of Cooper Fascia
forms capsule of gland
5.Structure which passes between the middle and lateral crura of the lumbar
part of the diapragm:
Sympathetic trunk
6.
Line for determination of the projection of the organs of the thoracic
cavity, which is drawn on posterior thoracic wall:
Posterior midline
Vertebral line
Paravertebral line
7.
Inferiorly thoracic wall is limited by:
The line, connecting ends of XI-XII ribs and the spinous process of Th XII
The xiphoid process
The costal arch
8.Development of mechanical jaundice in patients with breast cancer in
consequence lymphogenous metastasis is often caused by localization of
process into:
Inferior medial quadrant
9.
Line for determination of the projection of the organs of the thoracic
cavity, which is drawn on lateral thoracic wall:
Anterior axillary line
Posterior axillary line
10.
The incisions, which are used for opening retromammary mastitis: ?
Along the submammary glands
11.
Prevention of damage of the lungs and organs of abdominal cavity in
pleural puncture includes:
Movement of needle up parallel
The skin is drawn downward before puncture
12.
Name part of diaphragm:
Musucular
Tendinous
13.
Line for determination of the projection of the organs of the thoracic
cavity, which is drawn on anterior thoracic wall
Midclavicular line
14.
Recess forming by parietal pleura is:
Costomediastinal
Costodiaphragmatic
Phrenicomediastinal
15.
Laterally the base of the mammary gland is limited by:
Anterior axillary line
16.
Lymph node according to Sorgius is located:
At intersection of inferior margin of pectoralis major and third rib
17.
Prophylaxis of pneumothorax in pleural puncture includes: The patient
sits on a chair (astride)
20. The movement of diaphragm is provided by:
Phrenic nerves
21. Medially the base of the mammary gland is limited by:
By sternal line
22. Inferior boundary of the pleura along midaxillary line correspond
to: 7 th rib
23. Capsule of mammary gland is formed by:
Superficial fascia
24.Organ of abdominal cavity which maybe damaged in pleural puncture on the
left side is:
Stomach
Spleen
25.Inferior boundary of the pleura along paravertebral line correspond to:
12th rib
26.The slit of Bohdalek is:
Slit between the costal part and lumbar part of diaphragm on the right and
on the left
27. Muscular surface landmark of the thoracic wall is:
Pectoralis major muscle Latissimus
dorsi muscle
28. The slit of Larrei is:
Slit between sternal part and costal part of the diaphragm on the left
29. Internal thoracic artery is a branch of:
Subclavian artery
30.Structure which pass between the medial and middle crura of the lumbar
part of the diaphragm on the left:
Hemiazygos vein
Splanchnic nerves
31.Internally the intercostal canal is limited by:
Internal intercostal muscle
32.
The vagus nerve pass into abdominal cavity through:
Esophageal opening of the diaphragm
33.
Intercostal neurovascular bundle is located in layer of thoracic wall:
Between intercostal muscles
34.The superior interpleural space contains:
Thymus and fat
35.The level of the left dome of diaphragm is:
5th rib
36.The esophageal opening of the diaphragm transmits:
Esophagus
Right and left vagus
37.The incisions, which are used for opening intramammary (intralobular)
mastitis:
? Radially from the nipple
38. Inferiorly the base of mammary gland is limited by:
By 7th rib
39.Name structure which pass through tendinous part of
diaphragm: Inferior vena cava
Branch of right phrenic nerve
40.The aortal opening of the diaphragm transmits:
Thoracic duct
Aorta
41. Name the type of mastitis according localization:
Intramammary abscess
Retromammary abscess
42. The origin of the diaphragm is divided into part:
Sternal
Lumbar
Costal
43.Organ of abdominal cavity which may be damaged in pleural puncture on
the right side is:
Liver
44.Externally intercostal canal is limited by:
External intercostal muscle
45.Inferior boundary of the pleura along scapular line correspond to:
11th rib
46.The level of the right dome of the diaphrgm is:
4th rib
47.Main way of lymphatic drainage from mammary gland is direct in lymph
nodes:
Lymph node according to Sorgius
Axillary nodes
48.
Left posterior intercostal veins drain into:
Hemiazygos vein
49.
The cervical pleura or cupula extends up into the neck above the medial
third of the clavicle in centimenters:
3-4
50.Structure which pass between the medial and middle crura of the lumbar
part of the diaphragm on the right:
Splanchnic nerves
Azygos vein
51.Superiorly the base of mammary gland is limited by:
By 3rd rib
52.Structure of intercostal neurovascular bundle occupying the lowest position
is:
Intercostal nerve
53.Right posterior intercostal veins drain into:
Azygos vein
54.Superiorly intercostal canal is limited by:
Costal groove
55. Name recess of parietal pleura which is punctured for removal of
fluid: Costodiaphragmatic
56.Structure of thoracic cavity which may be damaged in pleural puncture
is: Lung
57.
The incisions, which are used for opening extramammary
(subcutaneous) mastitis:
? Radially from nipple
58.
Prevention of damage of the intercostal neurovascular bundle in pleural
puncture includes:
Introduction of a needle at the lower edge of the rib
59.
Development of mechanical jaundice in patients with breast cancer (way
according to gerot) is caused through lymphogenous metastasis into:
Extraperitoneal and nodes of the organs of the supracolic compartment
60.
Lumbar-costal triangle or the slit according bohdalek of the diaphragm is
limited inferiorly by:
? 12th rib
61.
Lumbar-costal triangle or the slit according bohdalek of the diaphragm is
limited laterally by:
? Costal part
62.
Lumbar-costal triangle or the slit according bohdalek of the diaphragm is
limited medially by: ? Vertebra
62.The inferior interpleural space contains:
Pericardium and heart
63.Pleural puncture for removal of fluids is made in intercostal
spaces: 7 th -8th
space on scapular line – midaxillary line
64.Pleural puncture for removal of airs is made in intercostal
spaces: 2 th – 3th ICS on midclavicular line
65. The slit of Morganji is:
Slit between the sternal part and the costal part on the right
66. Direction of ducts of mammary gland is:
? Radial
TOPOGRAPHY OF THORACIC CAVITY AND MEDIASTINUM 1
1.Structures which adjoin to root of the left lung posteriorly is:
Arch of aorta
Left vagus nerve
2.Number of the segments into superior lobe of the left lung is:
5
3.Skeletopy of the roots of the lungs anteriorly/posteriorly
is: At the level of the V, VI and VII thoracic vertebrae
4.Inferior boundary of the lungs along scapular line corresponds to:
10th rib
5.Anteriorly oblique sinus of pericardium is limited by:
Left atrium
*post – post wall of pericardium
*left – terminal partes of pulmonary veins
*right – IVC
6.The right boundary of the heart superiorly is drawn from (skeletopy):
Superior margin of III-rd costal cartilage, 2-2,5 cm laterally from the right
sternal line
7.Relation of the vagus nerve to root of the lugs is:
? Posteriorly
8. Name structure of the anterior mediastinum:
Superior vena cava
Phrenic nerves
Pericardium and heart
9.On right the inferior boundary of the heart is drawn from
(skeletopy): Superior margin of the III-rd costal cartilage
10.Structure which adjoin to the superior vena cava anteriorly is:
? Right phrenic nerve
11.
Structure which adjoin to superior vena cava on the left is:
Ascending aorta
12.
On the right oblique sinus of pericardium is limited by:
Inferior cava vein
13.
Structure which adjoin to the superior vena cava on the right is:
Right phrenic nerve
14.
Fat of anterior mediastinum communicates with:
Previsceral fat space of the neck
15.The left boundary of the heart is formed by:
Arch of aorta
Pulmonary artery
Left auricle
Left ventricle
16.
Skeletopy of the bifurcation of the trachea is found at level of: Th5
17.
The projection of horizontal fissure of the right lung medially is drawn to:
The point of intersection of the projection of the oblique fissure and
midaxillary line at level of IV rib
18.
is: 3
Number of segments into superior lobe of the right lung
19.
Structure which adjoin to root of right lung posteriorly: Right vagus
nerve
Azygos vein
20.
The vessel of the heart locating in the atrioventricular groove is:
Right coronary artery
Small cardiac vein
Coronary sinus
21.
On the left oblique sinus of pericardium is limited by:
Pulmonary veins
22.
Skeletopy of the aortal valve of the heart is:
Behind the left half of the sternum opposite the third intercostal space
23.
Number of segments into right lung composes:
10
24.Number of segments into middle lobe of the right lung
is: 2
25.Branch of the arch of aorta is:
Left common carotid artery
Brachiocephalic trunk
Left subclavian artery
26.Pancost syndrome in cancer of apex of the lung includes:
Atrophy of muscles of the upper extremity
Horner syndrome
Weakness of radial artery pulsation
Pains in the arm
27.Inferiorly mediastinum is limited by:
Diaphragm
28. Sinus of the pericardium:
Oblique
Transverse
Anterior inferior sinus
29.Symptom of husky voice in the aneurysm of the aortic arch may be caused
of:
Compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
30.Structure which adjoin to the arch of aorta anteriorly is:
Thymus
Left phrenic nerve
Left vagus nerve
31.Skeletopy of the mitral valve of the heart is:
Behind the left sternum opposite the fourth costal cartilage
32. Name structure of the root of the right lung, which is located the most
superiorly in frontal plane:
Main bronchus
33.Anteriorly the transverse sinus of the pericardium is limited
by: Pulmonary trunk
Ascending aorta
34.Inferior boundary of the lungs along midaxillary line corresponds
to: 8 th rib
35.One the main source of blood supply of the heart is:
left coronary artery
Right coronary artery
36.Anteriorly mediastinum is limited by:
Sternum and costal cartilages
37.Cyanosis, edema and the dilatation of the veins of the head, neck and upper
extremities in the aneurysm of the ascending aorta may be caused of:
Compression of superior vena cava
38.
The right boundary of the heart is formed by:
Superior cava vein
Right atrium
39.
Name structure which is located at boundary between anterior and
posterior mediastinum:
Trachea and main bronchus
40.
Number of segments into inferior lobe of the right lung is:
5
41.The vessel of the heart locating in the anterior interventricular groove is:
Anterior interventricular artery
Great cordis vein
42.Relation of the phrenic nerve to root of the lung is:
Anteriorly
43.Fat of posterior mediastinum communicates with:
Retrovisceral fat space of the neck
44.
Name the structure of the root of left lung, which is located the most
superiorly in frontal plane:
Pulmonary artery
45.
Number of the segments into the left lung composes:
10
46.
The remains of the thymus, surrounded by fat is located in:
Superior part of the anterior mediastinum
47.
The projection of the oblique fissure of the lungs superiorly is drawn from:
The spinous process of the III thoracic vertebra
48.
Structure which adjoin to the arch of aorta posteriorly is:
Thoracic duct
49.The right boundary of the heart inferiorly is drawn to (skeletopy):
Inferior margin of the V-th costal cartilage, 2-2;5 cm laterally from the right
sternal line
50.Bronchopulmonary segment is:
Part of the lung ventilated by segmental bronchus (tertiary bronchus)
51.Arterial (Botallo’s) duct (ductus arteriosus) connects:
Pulmonary artery and aorta
52. Inferior boundary of the heart is formed by:
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
53. Cancer of apex of the lung can lead to development of:
Pancost syndrome
54.Boundary between anterior and posterior mediastinum is: The
frontal plane, which passes through the root of the lung
55.Definition of mediastinum:
Complex of organs and neurovascular structures, which are found
between mediastinal pleura and surrounded by fat
56. Inferior boundary of the lungs along paravertebral line correponds
to: 11th rib
57.Posteriorly mediastinum is limited by:
Thoracic part of spine
58.Posteriorly oblique sinus of pericardium is limited by:
Posterior wall of pericardium
59.number of segments into inferior lobe of the left lung is:
5
60.Posteriorly the transverse sinus of the pericardium is limited
by: Superior vena cava
61.Laterally mediastinum is limited by:
Mediastinal pleura
62.The projection of horizontal fissure of the lungs laterally is drawn from:
The point of projection of the oblique fissure and midaxillary line at level
IV rib
63.On left the inferior boundary of the heart is drawn to (skeletopy):
?inferior margin of V from r parasternal, obliquely left and downward
V-th ICS, 1,5-2,0cm from left midclavicular line
64.The projection of the oblique fissure of the lungs inferiorly is drawn to:
Boundary between the osteal part and cartilaginous part of the VI
rib
65. The right boundary of the heart superiorly is drawn from (skeletopy):
Superior margin of the III-rd costal cartilages, 2-2,5 cm laterally from the
right sternal line
66.Wound of the heart is sutured by:
Interrupted matress suture
MEDIASTINUM II
1) Anterior incision to organ of thoracic cavity is: transversal
sternotomy / median sternotomy / anterior intercostal
2) Azygos vein at the level of the IV thoracic vertebra is located over:
right bronchus
3) Structure which are situated in front of the esophagus below IV
thoracic vertebra or from the th4 to th8
left vagus nerve
4) Deadly arterial bleeding in cancer of the inferior third of the esophagus
may be due to the growth of the tumor in: descending aorta
5) After closing the wound of the heart, the pericardium is sutured by:
rare interrupted suture
6) Structure of the posterior mediastinum is: hemiazygos vein
7) Superior anterior mediastinal lymph nodes consist of: left vertical
chain
8) Right laterotracheal lymph nodes are located posteriorly to:
superior vena cava
9) Structures of the posterior mediastinum is: esophagus
10)Requirement to the suture of the heart: using
non- absorbable suture materials
11)Tracheal lymph nodes consist of: retrotracheal
lymph nodes
12)Posterior incision to organ of thoracic cavity is:
lateral intercostal
13)Sinus of pericardium, which is punctured by larrey is: anterior
inferior
14)Superior anterior mediastinal lymph nodes consist of right
vertical chain
15)Lateral incision to organ of thoracic cavity is lateral
intercostal
16)Increasing lymph nodes of left vertical chain can lead to:
husky voice
17)Tracheal lymph nodes consist of laterotracheal
lymph nodes
18)Structure of the posterior mediastinum is descending
aorta
19)Increasing lymph nodes of right vertical chain can lead to development
of: superior vena cava syndrome
20)Puncture of pericardium or paracentesis is made at an angle of:
45 degrees to the skin
21)Increasing lymph nodes of transverse chain leads to: compression
of the left brachiocephalic vein
22)Visceral lymph nodes of the mediastinum include: anterior
mediastinal lymph nodes
23)The patient position in the puncture of the pericardium by larrey is: lying
with a raised head end of the bed
24)Puncture of the pericardium by larrey is carried out in point: between
the xiphoid process and left costal arch 25)Access in wounds
of the heart is performed: on the 4th 5th intercostal spaces
26)Structure of the posterior mediastinum is: vagus
nerves
27)Structure which are situated in font of the esophagus below the IV
thoracic vertebra or from the th4 to the th8: posterior wall of
the pericardium
28)Structure which is situated on the right from aorta above the level of the
VII thoracic vertebra- (????)
29)Structure which is situated on the left from the esophagus above the level
of the VIII thoracic vertebra - (???)
30)Tracheal lymph nodes consists of: paratracheal
lymph nodes
31)Parietal lymph nodes of the mediastinum includes: intercostal
lymph nodes / parasternal / paravertebral
32)Structure of the posterior mediastinum is: thoracic
duct
33)Left laterotracheal lymph nodes are located along - (??????)
34)Puncture of the pericardium or paracentesis is made in: cranial
direction
35)Increasing lymph nodes of the left vertical chain can lead to:
compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
36)Requirements to the suture of the heart is: conducting suture
through all layers except the endocardium
37)Azygos vein at level of the IV thoracic vertebra drained to:
superior vena cava
38)Esophagus begins at the level of: C6
NECK
1.The main neurovascular bundle of the lateral triangle of the neck includes:
- Subclavian vein
*subclavian artery
*brachial plexus
2.
The fourth fascia of the neck is named by V.N.
SHEVUNEKO: - Endocervical Fascia
3.
Branche of the external carotid carotid artery on the neck is:
Lingual artery
Superior thyroid artery
Facial artery
Occipital
Ascending pharyngeal Posterior
auricular
5. Anteriorly the submandibular triangle is bounded:
- Anterior belly of digastric
*post – posterior belly of digastric
*sup – inferior border of mandible
6.The blood supply of the thyroid gland is provided by
artery: - Superior thyroid artery
Inferior thyroid artery
Thyroidea ima artery
7.
The main neurovascular bundle of the medial triangle of the neck
includes: - Internal jugular vein
Commom carotid artery
Vagus nerve
8.
Linea alba of the neck is formed by*
2nd and 3rd fascia
9.
Fascial sheath for infrahyoid muscles is formed:
- 3rd fascia
10. Internal carotid artery in relation to the external carotid artery is located:
- Lateral and deeply
11.Lateral to larynx on the neck following sructure is
located: - Common carotid artery
Lobes of thyroid gland
12.The second fascia of the neck named by V.N.
SHEVKUNENKO: - Superficial layer of the proper fascia
13. Lateral to thrachea on the neck following structure is located:
- Lobes of thyroid gland
14.Pirogov`s triangle is used for exposure and ligation of:
- Lingual artery
15. The lateral triangle of the nack contains
triangle: - Omotrapezoid
- Omoclavicular
16.Thoracic lymphatic duct often flows into:
Left pirogoff’s venous angle
17.The medial triangle of the neck contains
triangle: Submandibular
Carotid
Submental
Omotracheal
18.Superiorly the carotid triangle is bounded:
- Posterior belly of digastric muscle
*inf – superior belly of omohyoid
*post – anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
19.Anteriorly the omothracheal triangle is
bounded: - Midline of the neck
*inf – anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
*sup – superior belly of omohyoid
*floor – sternohyoid, sternothyroid
20.The esophagus inclines at the neck:
-To the left
21. Suprasternal interaponeurotic space of the neck is located between the
following fascias:
- 2nd and 3rd fascia
22. The fifth fascia of the neck is named by V.N.
SHEVKUNENKO: - Prevertebral fascia
23.Posterior boundary of the lateral triangle of the neck is:
- Anterior border of trapezius muscle
*ant – posterior border of sternocleidomastoid
*inf - clavicle
24. The second fascia of the neck encloses structure and forms:
- Fascial sheath sternocleidomastoid muscle,trapezius and submandibular
glands
25. Inferiorly the medial tricheal triangle is bounded:
- Anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
27. Inferior boundary of the lateral triangle of the neck is:
- Clavicle
28. Inferiorly the carotid triangle is bounded:
- Superior belly of the omohyoid
29.
The right recurrent laryngeal nerve arises from the vagus at the level
of: - First part subclavian artery
30.
Posteriorly the carotid triangle is bounded:
- Anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
31.
External carotid artery in relation to the internal carotid artery is
located: - Medially and superficially
32.
Anterior boundary of the medial triangle of the neck is:
- Midline of the neck
*post – anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
*sup - mandible
33. The lateral triangle of the neck is subdivided by the inferiorly belly of the
omohyoid muscle into:
- Omoclavicular triangle
- Omotrapezial triangle
34. Name the structure of the main neurovascular bundle of the medial trieangle
of the neck, located laterally:
- Internal jugular vein
*CCA – VAGUS - IJV
35.
The posterolateral surface of the thyroid gland is related to: -
Sheath for the commom carotid, internal jugular and vagus
36.
Fat of the carotid sheath superioly is communicated with: -
Posterior part of peripharyngeal space
37.
Retrovisceral fat space is communicated with - Fat of the
posterior mediastinum
38.
Posterior to the larynx on the neck the following structure is
located: - Pharynx
39.
Retrovisceral fat space of the neck superiorly reaches of: -
External base of the skull
40.
The meditermuscular spaces of the sternocleidomastoid region
is: -Scalenovertebral triangle, antescalene space, interscalene
space and
41.
scalenovertebral triangle.
Superiorly the omotracheal triangle is bounded:
- superior belly of the omohyoid
*inf – anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
*ant – midline of neck
42.Capsule for mandibular gland is formed by:
- Second fascia
43.The triangle located in the infrahyoid region are:
- Omotracheal triangles
44.The medial triangle of the neck contains triangle:
- Submental
Carotid
Submandibular
Omotracheal
45.Name layer of the endocervical fascia of the neck:
- Parietal and visceral
46.Anteriorly the blind retrosternocleidomastoid sac (gruber) is bounded:
- posterior surface of the sheath sternocleidomastoid muscle *post
– 3rd fascia
47.Superiorly the submandibular triangle is bounded:
- Inferior margin of the mandible
*ant – anterior belly of digastric
*post – posterior belly of digastric
*floor – mylohyoid and hyoglossus
48.Posterior boundary of the lateral triangle of the neck is:
- anterior border of the trapezius
49.Posteriorly the blind retrosternocleidomastoid sac (gruber) is
bounded: - the third fascia
or deep layer of proper fascia
50.The main neurovascular bundle of the medial triangle of the neck includes:
- common and internal carotid arteries, the internal jugular vein, vagus
nerve and the ansa cervicalis
51.The trachea is crossed at the level of the second and third rings
by: - isthmus of the thyroid gland
52.Fascial sheath for esophagus, for trachea, capsule of thyroid gland is formed
by:
- Visceral layers of the endocervical fascia
53.Previsceral space of the neck is located between the following
fascias: - Layers of 4th
fascia
54.The main neurovascular bundle of the medial triangle of the neck includes: common and internal carotid arteries, the internal jugular vein, vagus
nerve and the ansa cervicalis
55.Fat of the carotid sheath inferiorly is communicated
with: - Fat of anterior mediastinum
56.The medial triangle of the neck contains triangle:
- carotid, submandibular, submental and scapulotracheal (omotracheal).
57.Sympathetic trunk on the neck is covered by:
- prevertebral fascia
58. The trachea is related posteriorly to:
-Thyroid lobes
59. Posteriorly the submandibular triangle is bounded:
-Posterior belly of digastric muscles
60.Posteriorly the prevertebral fat space is limited by:
-Prevertebral muscle
*ant – prevertebral fascia
61.Inferiorly the omotracheal triangle is bounded:
-Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle
62.
Anterior boundary of the lateral triangle of neck is:
-Posterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle
63.
Lateral to larynx on the neck following structure is located: -
Lobes of thyroid
Commom carotid
64.
Retrovisceral space of the neck is located between the
following
fascias: -4th and 5th fascia
65.
The lobes of the thyroid gland extend (skeletopy) superiorly
from: - The lamina of thryoid cartilage
66.
Deep intermuscular space of sternocleidomastoid region is: -
Antescalene space
67.The first fascia of neck is named by V. N.
Shevkunenko: - Superficial fascia
68. The inferior thyroid artery is related (crossed) near the gland
with: - Recurrent laryngeal nerve
69.Lateral to trachea on the neck following structure is
located:* Isthmus of thyroid gland
70.Name location of the subclavian artery regarding to brachial plexus
and subclavian vein:? ? Between them
71.
Lateral to esophagus on the neck following structure is located: -
Lobes of thyroid gland
-Carotid sheath
72.
Vocal cords are innervated by:
-Recurrent laryngeal nerves
73.The esophagus is related anteriorly to:
-Trachea
Recurrent laryngeal nerves
74.Posterior to larynx on the neck following structure is
located: - Pharynx
75.
The lobes of thyroid gland extend (skeletopy) inferiorly to: - The
level of the sixth tracheal ring
76.
Laterally and superiorly to subclavian artery the following
structure of main neurovascular bundle of the lateral triangle is located:
-Brachial plexus
77.
Deep intermuscular space of sternocleidomastoid region is: -
Scalenovertebral triangle
78.
Name location of the vagus nerve regarding to commom carotid
artery and internal jugular vein:
-Between and posteriorly them
79.
Vessels passing through the sheath of the submandibular gland
are: - Facial artery and facial vein
80.Place of bifurcation of the commom carotid artery on the branches
correspond to:
-superior margin of thyroid cartilage
81.
Name the structure of the main neurovascular bundle of the medial
triangle of the neck, locating medially:
-commom carotid artery
82.
Fascial sheath for subclavian artery, vein and brachial plexus (axillary
sheath) is formed by:
-prevertebral fascia
83.
Fascial sheath for sternocleidomastoid muscles is formed
by: -2nd fascia
84.
Medially and inferiorly to subclavian artery the following structure of the
main neurovascular bundle of the latera triangle of the neck is located:
-Subclavian vein
85.
Superficial fat space of the lateral triangle of the neck is located between
the following fascias:
-2nd and 5th fascia
86.
Name the structure of the main neurovascular bundle of the medial
triangle of the neck, located laterally:
-Internal jugular vein
OPERATIONS ON NECK
1.In exposure of carotid arteries it is necessary to avoid damage of:
- hypoglossal nerve
Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve
2. Horner syndrome comprises:
-enophthalmus
Constriction of pupil
Narrowing of ocular slit
3.Appearance of Horner syndrome in vagosympathetic block is explained by:
-sympathetic trunk supplies the smooth muscularity on the eyeball (dilator
of pupil) and of the orbit
4.The aim of vagosympathetic block according vishnevsky is:
Prevention and cupping of the pleuropulmunary shock
5.Indication for tracheostomy:
Prolonged artificial ventilation
Asphyxia
Prophylaxis of asphyxia
6. The correct position of the patient in tracheostomy is:
The bolster is put under the shoulders
The head lies strictly straight
The patient is placed on the back
7. Manipulation that performed at superior tracheostomy:
The trachea is cut open above the isthmus
The isthmus of the thyroid gland is displaced down
8. Position of the patient in operation on thyroid gland is:
Patient lies in supine position
The head lies strictly straight The
bolster is put under the shoulders
9. Type of tracheostomy:
Inferior
Superior Middle
10.Structure that can be damaged int tracheostomy lateral to trachea:
Commom carotid artery
11.Position of the patient in vagosympathetic block according to vishnevsky is:
The head is turned to opposite side of the block
The bolster is put under shoulders
The patient is in the supine position
12.
Manipulation that performed at the middle tracheostomy: The trachea
is cut open behind the
isthmus
The isthmus of the thyroid gland is cut
13.
Name the criterion of the classification of tracheostomy into three
groups: According to level of the cut of trachea with relation to thyroid
isthmus
14.
Incision for exposure of carotid arteris is made along:
Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle
15.
Manipulation that performed at the inferior tracheostomy: The isthmus
of thyroid gland is displaced
up
The trachea is cut below isthmus
16.
Name complications of tracheostomy in incision of the trachea: Lesion
of esophagus with the scalpel
Mucous membrana may be not incised and a tracheostomy tube is
inserted into submucosal layer
17.
Position of the patient for exposure of carotid arteries is: The head is
turned to opposite side
The bolster is put under the shoulders
18.
Structure that can be damaged in tracheostomy posterior to trachea:
Esophagus
19.
Name complications of the tracheostomy, connecting with the position
of the patient on operating table:
Damage of commom carotid arteries if the head is turned to side
Difficult surgical access to trachea if bolster is very small Narrowing of
the lumen of the trachea if bolster us very big (asphyxia)
20.
Specify special instrument for tracheostomy is:
Tracheostomy pointed hook
Tracheostomy cannula
Trusso’s tracheostomy retractor
21.
Structure that can be damaged in tracheostomy anterior to trachea is:
Thyroid ima artery
22.
Incision of the trachea is carrying out by:
Scalpel, wrapped by gauze or adhesive plaster
23.
Name possible complication in operation on thyroid gland:
Damage of recurrent laryngeal nerve
ABDOMINAL WALL
1. Hernia sac in oblique inguinal hernia passes through: Lateral
inguinal fossa
2. The anterior abdominal wall is supplied by nerve:
Iliohypogastric nerve
3. Inferior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by: inguinal ligament
4. The inguinal canal in female and male contains nerve: ilioinguinal
nerve
5. Name the retromuscular layers in the anterior abdominal wall:
transverse fascia
6. Name the retromuscular layers of the anterior abdominal wall:
parietal peritoneum
7. Vascular lacuna is limited lateral by: iliopectineal arch
8. The femoral canal is limited in front by:
falciform margin of
fascia lata
9. Vascular lacuna is limited anteriorly by: inguinal ligament
10. Intercostal nerves pass in the lateral part of the abdominal wall
between: between external and internal oblique
11. Hernia sac in femoral hernia passes through: superficial ring of the
femoral canal
12. Anterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by:
aponeurosis of external oblique abdominal muscle
linea alba
13. The umbilical canal is limited anteriorly by:
14. Name the retromuscular layers of anterior abdominal wall:
extraperitoneal fat
15. Inguinal triangle medially bounded by:
lateral margin of the
rectus abdominis
16. Hernia sac in direct inguinal hernia passes through:
inguinal interval
17. The femoral canal is limited medially and posteriorly by: pectineal
fascia
18. The deep ring of the femoral canal is limited in front by: inguinal
ligament
19. Muscular lacuna is limited anteriorly by: inguinal ligament
20. Horizontal lines divide the abdomen into the main regions:
hypogastric region
21. Hernial sacs in direct inguinal hernia protrudes in the inguinal
interval
through - medial inguinal fossa
22. Horizontal lines divide the abdomen into the main regions: epigastric
region
23. Name the structures passing through the vascular lacuna medially:
femoral nerve
24. Name kind of hernia protruding through the lateral inguinal fossa:
indirect inguinal hernia
25. Name the structure passing through the muscular lacuna:
iliopsoas muscle
26. Vascular lacuna is limited medially by: lacunar ligament
27. Inguinal canal in female contains:
round ligament of uterus
28. The deep ring of the femoral canal is limited posteriorly by:
pectineal ligament
29. Superficial ring of the femoral canal is limited by: superficial layers
of the fascia lata
30. Hernia sac in femoral hernia passes through:
deep ring of the
femoral canal
31. Posterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by:
transverse
fascia
32. Inguinal triangle inferiorly is bounded by: inguinal ligament
33. Name the structure passing through the muscular lacuna:
femoral nerve
34. Name kind of hernia protruding through the medial inguinal fossa:
direct inguinal hernia
35. Hernia sac in indirect hernia protrudes in the inguinal canal through:
superficial inguinal ring
36. Horizontal lines divide the abdomen into the main regions:
mesogastric
37. Name the structure passing through the vascular lacuna laterally:
femoral artery
38. Muscular lacuna is limited medially : lacunar ligament
39. Inguinal interval: between the superior and inferior wall of the
inguinal canal
40. Inguinal triangle is superiorly bounded by:
horizontal line, which is drawn from the point between the lateral
third and middle third of the inguinal ligament
41. Layers of the abdominal wall in the region of the umbilicus:
skin, umbilical fascia, parietal peritoneum