Department of Education Region
IV-A - CALABARZON Schools
Division of Calamba City
SELF-LEARNING
MODULE
COMPUTER
SYSTEM SERVICING NC II
Quarter 1 – Module 1
Types and Parts of Computer
Module Development Team
Writer: Irish M. Llanderal
Reviewer: Erlito B. Orlininga
Flor I. Tomas
GRADE 10
Rosemarie V. Magnaye
Layout: Cristeta M. Arcos
Management: SDS Susan DL Oribiana
ASDS Rogelio F. Opulencia
CID Chief Dolorosa S. De Castro
EPS-LRMDS Cristeta M. Arcos
Department of Education│R4A│Division of Calamba City
Office Address: DepEd Bldg., City Hall Compound, Brgy. Real, Calamba City
Please send your feedback and suggestions to lrmds.depedcalamba@deped.gov.ph or call 049–554 9830 loc. 14
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the
payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek
permission to use these materials
from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor
claim ownership over them.
Dear Parents,
The Schools Division of Calamba City is one with every Filipino family in coping with the
demands of our modern times amidst Covid–19 Pandemic.
The Division initiated Self Learning Module (SLM) aims to meet the most essential learning
competencies required to be learned by your child whether your child opts for online, modular or
blended learning modality. The learning activities in this SLM are arranged chronologically from simple
to complex to lead your child to think critically, act skillfully, and reflect deeply on each lesson and
practice into real life skills. Most importantly, this SLM promotes self-paced learning as your child can
always review the least understood lessons as often as he/she pleases.
Thank you in advance for being one with us! Together, let us envision that, by the end of this
school year, we will see your child as one responsible young person with a heart and mind for humanity,
for nature, for the country, and forGod.
Dear Learner,
Welcome to a brand-new year of learning!
This is our gift to you: The Division initiated Self Learning Module (SLM) that will help you
acquirethe mostessential learningcompetencies youneededas21st CenturyLearner throughthe Pivot 4
A IDEA Model which compose of 10parts.
Parts of the LM
n
o
i
What I need to know
t
c
u
d
o
r
t
n
I
What is new
Description
The teacher utilizes appropriate strategies in presenting the MELC and
desired learning outcomes for the day or week, purpose of the lesson,
core content and relevant samples. This allows teachers to maximize
learner awareness of their own knowledge as regards content and skills
required for the lesson
t
n
e
What I know
m
p
o
l
e
v
e
D
What is in
The teacher presents activities, tasks, contents of value and interest to
the learners. Thisshall expose the learners on what he/she knew, what
he /she does not know and what she/he wanted to know and learn. Most
of the activities and tasks must simply and directly revolved around the
concepts to develop and master the skills or the MELC.
What is it
t
n
e
What is more
m
e
g
a
g
n
E
What I can do
What else I can do
The teacher allows the learners to be engaged in various tasks and
opportunities in building their KSA’s to meaningfully connect their
learnings after doing the tasks in the D. This part exposes the learner to
real life situations /tasks that shall ignite his/ her interests to meet the
expectation, make their performance satisfactory or produce a
product or performance which lead him/ her to understand fully the
skills and concepts.
n
o
i
What I have learned
t
a
l
i
m
i
s
s
A
What I can achieve
The teacher brings the learners to a process where they shall
demonstrate ideas, interpretation , mindset or
values and create
pieces of information that will form part of their knowledge in
reflecting, relating or using it effectively in any situation or context. This
part encourages learners in creating conceptual structures giving them
the avenue to integrate new and old learnings.
Please take time to read and do the activities in these SLM as if you are reporting in school. Set
a regular study schedule for you as much as possible, but keep in mind that these SLM will enable you
to learn at your own pace. If you do not understand a lesson, the SLM would not mind you flipping back
the pages repeatedly for review. Also, remember to keep in touch with your teachers. Send them a
message through your online sessions or write them a note as you do your modular activities.
We wish you good luck in your studies, and we hope that you will remain happy and enthusiastic in
learning!
What I Need To Know?
I
This Learning Module is a specialization course which leads to Computer System
Servicing National Certificate Level II (NC II). This course is designed for a Grade 10
student to develop the basic and advanced competencies in Computer System
Servicing. It covers the core competencies in Computer System Servicing.
The lesson is focus on the different types of computers and basic and major
parts of the computer and its uses.
You are expected to:
1. Identify the types of computer;
2. Give the classification of computers; and
3. Give the functions and uses of computers.
I
What is New?
1. Look at the picture above. Can you say something about
thepicture? 2. What is the primary purpose of the computers?
3. What do think you will happen to our world if we do not have computers?
4. Is it really necessary for a student to know more about computers? Why?
5. What do you want know about computers?
What I Know?
D
In 10 minutes, try to find the 15 words that you may encounter on our
lesson. Write it in your notebook.
Types of Computers
This lesson will briefly describe the types. It will also help the learner to know
more about the history and evolution of the computers.
What is It?
D
A computer is an electronic device that accepts data, processes it, stores, and
then produces an output. There are different computer types available depending on
the number of users they can support at any one time, their size, and power. In this
lesson, we are going to have a look at the difference between supercomputers,
mainframe, mini, and microcomputers.
FUNCTION OF COMPUTERS
● Input or inserting data and instructions
● Processing
● Output or retrieving data or information
● Storing data or information
● Controlling of devices and functions
For beginning computer users, the computer aisles at an electronics store can
be quite a mystery, not to mention overwhelming. However, computers really aren't
that mysterious. All types of computers consist of two basic parts:
1. Hardware is any part of your computer that has a physical structure, such as the
computer monitor or keyboard.
Image 1.1 From left to right, monitor, keyboard and mouse are examples of hardware
2. Software is any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do. It is what
guides the hardware and tells it how to accomplish each task. Some examples of
software are web browsers, games, and word processors such as Microsoft Word.
Image 2.1 From left to right, Google Chrome logo, Mobile Legend icon, MS Word icon and
Photoshop Logo are examples of software.
What are the different Types of Computers?
When most people hear the word computer they think of a personal computer
such as a desktop or laptop computer. However, computers come in many shapes and
sizes, and they perform many different functions in our daily lives. When you withdraw
cash from an ATM, scan groceries at the store, or use a calculator, you are using a
computer.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
1. ANALOG COMPUTER
These are almost extinct today. These are different from a digital computer
because an analog computer can perform several mathematical operations
simultaneously. It uses continuous variables for mathematical operations and utilizes
mechanical or electrical energy.
2. DIGITAL COMPUTERS
They use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two states, namely
bits 0 and 1. They are analogous to states ON and OFF. Data on these computers
is represented as a series of 0s and 1s. Digital computers are suitable for complex
computation and have higher processing speeds.
3. HYBRID COMPUTERS
These computers are a combination of both digital and analog computers. In
this type of computers, the digital segments perform process control by conversionof
analog signals to digital ones.
Computers can be generally classified by size and power as follows, though
there is considerable overlap:
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER
1. MAINFRAME COMPUTERS
Large organizations use mainframes for
highly critical applications such as bulk
data processing and ERP. Most of the
mainframe
computers
have
the
capacities to host multiple operating
systems and operate as a number of
virtual machines and can substitute for several
small servers.
2. MINICOMPUTERS
In terms of size and processing
capacity,
minicomputers
between
mainframes
lie
in
and
microcomputers. Minicomputers are
also called
mid-range systems or
workstations. The term began to be
popularly used in the 1960s to refer to
relatively smaller third generation computers.
3. SERVERS
They are computers designed to
provide
services to client machines in a
computer network. They have larger storage
capacities and powerful processors. Running
on them are
programs that serve client
requests and allocate resources like memory
and time to client machines.
4. SUPER COMPUTERS
The highly calculation-intensivetasks
can be effectively performed by
means of supercomputers. Quantum
physics,
mechanics,
forecasting, molecular
best
studied
supercomputers.
by
weather
theory are
means
Their
ability
of
of
parallel processing and their well-designed
memory hierarchy give the supercomputers,
large transaction processing powers.
5. MICRO COMPUTERS
A computer with a
microprocessor and its
central processing unit it is known as
a
microcomputer. They do not occupy
space as much
as mainframes do. When supplemented with a
keyboard and a mouse, microcomputers can be called
personal computers.
Personal computers come in different forms such as desktops, laptops and
personal digital assistants. Let us look at each of these types of computers.
1. DESKSTOP
A desktop is intended to be used on a single
location. The
spare parts of a desktop computer are readily
available at
relatively lower costs. Power consumption is not as critical
as that in laptops. Desktops are widely popular for daily use
in the workplace and households.
2. LAPTOP
Similar in operation to desktops, laptop
computers are
miniaturized and optimized for mobile use.
Laptops run on
a single battery or an external adapter that charges the
computer batteries.
3. NETBOOK
They fall in the category of laptops, but are
inexpensive
and relatively smaller in size. They had a smaller
feature
set and lesser capacities in comparison to regular laptops,
at the time they came into the market.
4. PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANT (PDA)
It is a handheld computer and popularly known as a
palmtop. It has a touch screen and a memory card for
storage of data. PDAs can also be used as portable audio
players, web browsers and
smart phones. Most of them can access the Internet by means of Bluetooth or Wi-Fi
communication.
5. TABLET COMPUTERS
Tablets are mobile computers that are very
handy to use.
They use the touch screen technology.
Tablets come
with an onscreen keyboard or use a stylus or a digital
pen. Apple's iPod redefined the class of tablet computers.
6. WEARABLE COMPUTERS
A record-setting step in the evolution of
computers
was the creation of wearable computers.
These
computers can be worn on the body and
are often
used in the study of behavior modeling and human
health. Military and health professionals have
incorporated wearable computers into their daily
routine, as a part of such studies.
Other Types of Computers
Today, there lots of everyday devices those are basically specialized
computers, even though we don't always think of them as computers. Here are a few
common examples:
Mobile Phones: Many mobile phones can do a lot of things a computer can
do, such as browsing the internet or playing games. These phones are often called
smartphones.
Image
1.12 From left to right,
Windows Phone, iPhone,
Android, and Blackberry.
Smart TV: Many TV
Display now
include applications (or
Applications) that let
you access various type of online
content. For
example, you can view Facebook
news feed
or watch streaming movies on Netflix.
Image 1.13 Smart TV
What is
More
E
Learning Task 1: Identify the type and classification of the computers. Write the
correct answers on your notebook.
Learning Task 2: Identify the following as hardware and software. Write H if it
is Hardware, and S if it is Software. Write your answer on your notebook.
_1. Power Supply Unit _2. MS Office _3. Monitor _4. Andy Crush Saga
_5. Mouse _6. Keyboard
_7. Avast Anti-Virus _8. Speaker
_9. Printer _10. Operating System
What I can do
E
Learning Task 3: From the given picture below, write your key takeaways
(any learning point). Please write your answer on your notebook.
VS.
Notebook
Computer Laptop Computer
VS.
Mainframe Computer Super Computer
VS.
PDA
Computer Wearable Computer
A
What I have learned
Learning Task 4: Give your ideas about the given statement and picture
below. Write your answer on your notebook.
1. “The computer was born to solve problems that did not exist
before.”
— Bill Gates
2. Tell something about the evolution of computers.
1
2
3
4
Content
The complete
idea is clearly
stated.
The ideas are
vague, lack of
focus.
The ideas are
lack of
supporting
points.
No supporting
points.
Relevance/Appropriateness
The answers
are aligned to
what is
needed
The answers
are somewhat
misleading.
The answers
have a
relevance to
what is asked
for.
No relevance
at all.
Mechanics/Grammar
Written
answers
have no
errors in
word
selection and
use,
sentence
structure,
spelling and
capitalization.
Written
answers are
relatively
free from
errors in word
selection and
use,
sentence
structure,
spelling and
capitalization
(1- 2 errors)
Written
answers
have several
errors in word
selection and
use, sentence
structure,
spelling and
capitalization
(3- 4 errors)
Written
answers
have serious
errors in word
selection and
use, sentence
structure,
spelling and
capitalization
Performance Areas
Score
Assessment
A
A. Direction: Identify the picture below. Write H if it is Hardware, and S if
it is Software. Write your answer on your notebook.
1.
3.
2.
4.
6.
7.
5.
9.
8.
10.
B. Direction: Identify the type of computer being described in thefollowing
sentences and write your answer on your notebook.
_1. These are mobile computers that are very handy to use.
_2. They are computers designed to provide services to client machines
in a computer network
. 3. They are also called mid-range systems or workstations. _4. A computer with a
microprocessor and its central processing unit. _5. They fall in the
category of laptops, but are inexpensive and
relatively smaller in size.
_6. A type of computer which is intended be used on a single location.
_7. They use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two states, namely bits 0
and 1.
_8. Computers that have the capacities to host multiple operating
systems and operate as a number of virtual machines and can substitute for several small
servers.
_9. It is a handheld computer and popularly known as a palmtop.
_10. These computers can be worn on the body and are often used in
the study of behavior modeling and human health.
I
Basic Parts of Computers
This lesson highlights the Basic Parts of the Computers. You are
expected to: identify the basic parts of computers and its uses; identify the Major
parts of the computer and its uses; and understand the needs of familiarization to
the parts and uses of computer hardware.
Learning Task 1: Answer the Crossword Puzzle below. Write the answer on your
notebook.
What
is it
What is
D it
Learning Task 2: In two minutes (2), try to write the internal and external parts of the
computers. Write as many as you can.
Internal
External
BASIC PARTS OF COMPUTERS
System Unit
The system unit is the core of a
computer system.
Usually it's a rectangular box placed on or
underneath your
desk. Inside this box are many electronic
components that
process information. The most important of
these
components is the central processing unit
(CPU), or
microprocessor, which acts as the "brain" of
your
computer. Another component is random access memory
(RAM), which temporarily stores information that the CPU
uses while the computer is on. The information stored in
RAM is erased when the computer is turned off.
Almost every other part of your computer connects to the system unit using cables.
The cables plug into specific ports (openings), typically on the back of the system unit.
Hardware that is not part of the system unit is sometimes called a peripheral device or
device.
The Monitor
Your PC’s video circuits send images to your monitor, where you can see the
action. Because monitors and your PC’s video circuits (known as video cards or
display adapters) work as a team. When you shop for either a monitor or video card,
these words show up on newspaper ads, showroom signs, and the fine print of product
boxes.
Monitors come in different types, each described below.
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
By comparison, old school CRT monitors
seem boring
and bulky. Fading fast from the marketplace,
CRT
(Cathode Ray Tube monitors resemble
small (but
expensive) TV sets. Although some CRT
monitors call
themselves “flat screen,” that merely means their
glass screens are relatively flat.
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
LCD monitors look slim
and hip on any
desktop. The most popular monitor
today, LCD
(Liquid Display) monitors look
much like large laptop
screens mounted on a stand. LCD
monitors, like
the one shown above, are also called flat-panel
monitors.
Quantum Dot LED
A display technology that uses
quantum
dots to emit light. QLED is expected to be
more
power efficient than OLED and less costly
to
manufacture. QLED is also ultra-thin,
transparent and flexible.
OLED (Organic Light Emitting
Diode)
A display technology that
uses quantum
dots to emit light. QLED is expected
to be more
power efficient than OLED and less
costly to
manufacture. QLED is also ultra-thin,
transparent and flexible.
The differences between OLED and LED are much more substantial than an
extra vowel in their names. OLED is not just next-generation LED; it's an all- new
technology that results in different pros and cons when it comes to performance,
design, and energy consumption.
OLED display have elements that generate their own light and don't require an
extra lighting source. Their screens can produce vibrant colors by drawing on electrical
current, and don't need active current at all to produce a true black color. This means
thinner sets, better blacks, and lower energy consumption.
LED (light emitting diode)
An LED display is a flat panel
display,
which uses an array of light- emitting
diodes as a
video display. An LED panel is a small
display, or
a component of a larger display.
Keyboard
Keyboard is input device the
main way
to enter information into your computer.
But
did you know you can also use your
keyboard to control your computer? Learning
just a few simple keyboard commands
(instructions to your computer) can help you work more efficiently.
The keys on your keyboard can be divided into several groups based on
function:
Typing (alphanumeric) keys. These keys include the same letter,
number, punctuation, and symbol keys found on a traditional typewriter.
Control keys. These keys are used alone or in combination with other
keys to perform certain actions. The
most
frequently
used
control keys are Ctrl, Alt, the Windows
logo key , and Esc.
Function keys. The function keys are
used to perform specific
tasks. They are labeled as F1, F2, F3, and so on, up to F12. The
functionality of these keys differs from program to program.
Navigation keys. These keys are used for moving around in
documents or webpages and editing text. They include the arrow keys,
Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Delete, and Insert.
Numeric keypad. The numeric keypad is handy for entering numbers
quickly. The keys are grouped together in a block like a conventional
calculator or adding machine.
Mouse
A computer mouse is a handheld
pointing device that detects twodimensional
motion relative to a surface. This
motion is
typically translated into the motion of a
pointer on
a display, which allows a smooth control of the graphical user interface of a
computer.
Speakers
Speakers are used to play
sound. They can
be built into the system unit or
connected with
cables. Speakers allow you to listen
to music and
hear sound effects from your computer.
Modemn
To connect your computer to
the Internet, you
need a modem. A modem is a
device that sends and
receives computer information over
a telephone line
or high-speed cable. Modems are
sometimes built into
the system unit, but higher-speed
modems are usually
separate components.
Printer
A computer printer is a piece of
hardware
for a computer. It allows a user to print
items on
paper, such as letters and pictures.
Mostly a
printer prints under the control of a computer.
Many can also work as a copying machine or with
a digital camera to print directly without using a
computer.
Kinds of Printer
o Ink Jet
Inkjet printing is a type of computer
printing that
recreates a digital image by propelling droplets of ink
onto paper and plastic substrates. Inkjet printers are the
most commonly used type of printer, and range from small inexpensive consumer
models to expensive
professional machines.
o Laser Printer
Inkjet printing is a
type of computer
printing that recreates a
digital image by propelling
droplets of ink
o Dot Matrix Printer
Dot matrix printers
typically use a print
head that moves back and
forth or in an up-and
down motion on the page and
prints by impact,
striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the
paper, much like the print mechanism on a
typewriter or line printer.
THE INTERNAL HARDWARE
Motherboard
A motherboard is the main printed circuit board in general-purpose computers
and other expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of
the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit
and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. Its main functions are as
follows:
• To serve as a central backbone to which all other modular parts such as
CPU, RAM, and hard drives can be attached as required to create a computer. • To
accept (on many motherboards) different components (in particular CPU and
expansion cards) for the purposes of customization. • To distribute power to PC
components.
• To electronically co-ordinate and interface the operation of the
components.
Form factor is the specification of a motherboard – the dimensions, power supply
type, location of mounting holes, number of ports on the back panel, etc.
Image 1.24 Motherboard Form Factors Size Guide
Motherboards are the backbone of all personal computer systems. The
choice of a motherboard determines the type of processor you can use, how much
memory it can store, what peripherals can be connected to it, and what features it
can support. Accordingly, it is important to know what to look for when selecting the
right motherboard for your needs
Image 1.25 Motherboard Form Factors Sizes
Central Processing Unit
A central processing unit, also called
a central
processor or main processor, is the electronic
circuitry
within a computer that executes instructions that make
up a computer program. The CPU performs basic
arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output operations specified by the instructions
in the program.
• Clock Speed is a processor’s rating that measure a certain number of
information processed per second.
• FSB Front Side Bus serves as the processors connection to the system
memory. FSB transfer speed allows better processor performance.
• L2 Cache enables the processor to speedily access recently used
information. Currently a processor operates on Level2 (L2) which
provides faster data transfer between processor and main system
memory.
• 32-bit (x86) CPU vs. 64-bit (x64)
There are two different types of CPUs. There is a 32-bit CPU and there
is a 64- bit CPU. The main difference between these two processors is
the structure. The older processor which is the 32-bit processor has a
structure that can process instructions less efficiently
than a 64-bit processor.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Random-access memory
is a form of
computer memory that can be
read and
changed in any order, typically
used to store
working data and machine code.
A random
access memory device allows
data items to
be read or written in almost the same
amount of time irrespective of the physical
location of data inside the memory.
Different Types of Memory
• SIMM
A SIMM is a type of memory module containing random-access memory
used in computers from the early 1980s to the late 1990s. It differs from a dual inline memory module, the most predominant form of memory module today, in that
the contacts on a SIMM are redundant on both sides of the module.
SIMMs come in two main sizes, as shown in figure below, so both sizes
require a different-size socket. Ancient, pre-Pentium computers use the smaller
size (31⁄2 inches long), which has 30 pins and usually holds less than 20MB of
memory.
Early Pentium computers used a larger size (4 1⁄4 inches long), which has
72 pins and usually holds no more than 64MB of memory. Both types simply push
into a socket, held in place by friction.
Image 1.28 30 pin SIMM(Above), 72 pin SIMM(Below)
NOTES: SIMMs are yesterday’s technology from early ’90s computers. Don’t buy SIMMs for
modern PCs
• SDRAM DIMM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory Dual
In-line Memory Modules)
To meet the increased memory demands of newer and more powerful
Pentium and AMD CPUs, designers created the speedier SDRAM DIMMs. With
168 pins, the 5 1⁄4-inch DIMMs (as shown below) look much like longer SIMMs.
They slide into newly designed slots with little clips holding them in place.
Image 1.29 SDRAM DIMM 168 pins
NOTES: Usually called simply SDRAM, DIMMs ruled the computer world through most
of the ’90s.
• RDRAM (Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory) or RIMM
Rambus, Inc., created a super-fast, super-expensive memory in the late
1990s and covered the chips with a cool-looking heat shield. The speedy 5 1⁄4inch-long memory modules, shown in the figure below, enchanted Intel so much
that the CPU maker designed its Pentium 4 CPUs and motherboards around
them. The rest of the computer industry ignored RDRAM because of its high price
and licensing fees. Intel’s main competitor, AMD, stuck with standard
motherboards and SDRAM, the existing industry standard. RDRAM and SDRAM
use different slots, so stick with the type of memory your computer is built around.
Image 1.30 RDRAM
• DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM)
The biggest competitor to RDRAM, this stuff does some tricky piggybacking
on the memory bus to speed things up dramatically. The catch? Because your
motherboard must be designed to support it, these 5 1⁄4-inch memory modules use
slots with different notches than those designed for traditional SDRAM. That means
that DDR SDRAM modules, like the one in the figure shown below, don’t fit into a
regular SDRAM slot or an RDRAM slot
Image 1.31 DDR SDRAM
NOTE: Pentium 4 computers that don’t use RDRAM often use DDR SDRAM memory. However, make
sure your motherboard specifically supports DDR SDRAM before buying it. (DDR is also known as Dual
Channel.
• DDR2 SDRAM (Double Data Rate 2 SDRAM)
DDR2 SDRAM (shown below) is simply a newer, faster version of
DDR SDRAM. Yet again, your motherboard must be designed to support it,
as these modules use yet another system of slots and notches.
Image 1.32 DDR2 SDRAM
• DDR3 SDRAM (Double Data Rate 3 SDRAM)
Double Data Rate 3 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access
Memory, officially abbreviated as DDR3 SDRAM, is a type of synchronous
dynamic random-access memory with a high bandwidth interface, and has
been in use since 2007.
Image 1.33 DDR3 SDRAM
• DDR4 SDRAM (Double Data Rate 4 SDRAM)
Double Data Rate 4 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access
Memory, officially abbreviated as DDR4 SDRAM, is a type of synchronous
dynamic random-access memory with a high bandwidth interface.
Image 1.34 DDR4 SDRAM
Hard Disk
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard
drive, or
fixed disk is an electro-mechanical data storage
device
that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital
data using one or more rigid rapidly rotating platters coated with magnetic material.
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
A power supply unit
converts mains AC to
low-voltage regulated DC power for
the internal
components of a computer.
Modern personal
computers universally use
switched-mode power
supplies. Some power supplies have a manual
switch for selecting input voltage, while others
automatically adapt to the mains voltage.
Graphics Card
A Graphics Card is a piece of
computer
hardware that produces the image you see
on a
monitor. The Graphics Card is responsible
for
rendering an image to your monitor, it does this by
converting data into a signal your monitor can
understand.
Common Types of Graphics Card
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)
PCI. Stands for "Peripheral
Component
Interconnect." PCI is a hardware bus
used for
adding internal components to a
desktop computer.
For example, a PCI card can be inserted into a PCI
slot on a motherboard, providing additional I/O ports
on the back of a computer.
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
The Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
was
designed as a high-speed point-to-point channel for
attaching a video card to a computer system, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D
computer graphics. It was originally designed as a successor to PCI-type connections
for video cards.
Peripheral Component Interconnect
Express (PCIe)
PCI Express, officially
abbreviated as PCIe or
PCI-e, is a high-speed serial computer
expansion bus
standard, designed to replace the older
PCI, PCI-X
and AGP bus standards. It is the common
motherboard interface for personal computers'
graphics cards, hard drives, SSDs, Wi-Fi and Ethernet
hardware connections.
What’s on the card?
• DisplayPort is a digital display interface developed by the Video Electronics
Standards Association (VESA). The interface is primarily used to connect a video
source to a display device such as a computer monitor, though it can also be used to
transmit audio, USB, and other forms of data.
• (HDMI) High Definition Multimedia Interface simultaneously transmitting visual and
audio data via the same cable.
• (DVI) Digital Visual Interface Digital-based standard designed for displays such as flat-
panel displays (LCDs, plasma screens, wide high-definition television displays)and
video projectors.
• Analog D-Sub is standard interface for analog monitor. It was designed forCRT
displays.
Input/Output Ports
PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse
Keyboard and Mice Connectors - Old Style 5 Pin DIN Keyboard connector. The
5 pin DIN connectors are rarely used anymore. Most computers use the mini-DIN PS/2
connector, but an increasing number of new systems are dropping PS/2 connectors in
favor of USB. Adapters are available to convert 5 pin din to PS/2.
FACTS:
• PS2 Keyboard (Purple) and Mouse (Green). NOT interchangeable. • Newer
Motherboards may have a single PS2 connector with 1/2 purple and 1/2 Green.
Serial Port
In computing, a serial port is a serial communication physical interface through
which information transfers, either in or out, one bit at a time (in contrast with parallel
port). During most of the personal computers history, serial ports connected computers
to devices such as terminals and various peripherals.
Parallel/Printer Port
A parallel port is a type of interface found on computers for connecting
peripherals. The name refers to the way the data is sent; parallel ports send multiple bits
of data at once, as opposed to serial interfaces that send bits one at a time.
Universal Serial Bus Port
A USB port is a standard cable connection
interface
for personal computers and consumer
electronics devices. USB stands for Universal Serial
Bus, an industry standard for short-distance digital
data communications. USB ports allow USB devices
to be connected to each other with and transfer digital data
over USB cables.
Audio Port
An audio port on a computer is any receptacle
or jack to which an audio device such as speakers,
headphones or a microphone can be connected. All
laptops and some desktops have built-in speakers,
but for better sound or
privacy, you will need to
connect external audio through one of the ports.
Ethernet Port
Connects an RJ-45 jack to the LAN port to
connect your computer to the Network.
What is more
E
Learning Task 3: Let us check what you have learned. Identify the pictures
below and write its name. Write the correct answer on
your notebook. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
7.
6.
8.
9.
10.
Learning Task 4: Look carefully and match the given port to its connector.
Write the correct answer on your notebook.
Column A Column B.
1. Parallel Port 2.
A. B. C. D.
Serial Port 3. USB Port
E. F.
4. PS2 Keyboard 5.
PS2 Mouse
What I can do
E
Learning Task 5: Below is a picture of a computer keyboard. Identify the keys
according to its group. Use the following color in identifying the group.
RED- Numeric keypad
BLUE- Typing (alphanumeric) keys
YELLOW- Navigation Keys
GREEN- Function Keys
PURPLE- ControlKeys
Learning Task 6: Now that you can already identified the group of keys in
computer keyboard, let us try place the alphabet, numbers, symbols, and functions keys
o their proper place.
What else can I do
E
Learning Task 7: Study the table carefully. Complete the given table and write
the correct answer. Copy and answer the table on your notebook. Cut and paste the
picture below the table.
Picture
Name
Function
1.
It is considered as the
“backbone”
of
all
personal computers
2.
Central Processing Unit
3.
It converts mains AC to
low-voltage regulated DC
power for the internal
components of a
computer.
4.
RAM
5.
It
displays
technology
that uses quantum dots
to emit light.
What I have learned
A
Give your ideas on the following statement. Write your answer on your
notebook.
1. If you are going to buy a replacement for your damaged SDRAM, what are the
things you need to consider?
__
__
__
__
2. Is it really necessary for a computer technician to be familiarized in different
parts of the computer? Why? Explain your answer.
__
__
__
__
1
Performance Areas
2
Relevance/Appropriateness
Mechanics/Grammar
4
The ideas
are vague,
lack
of
focus.
The ideas are
lack of
supporting
points.
No
supporting
points.
The answers
are aligned to
what is needed
The answers
are
somewhat
misleading.
The answers
have a
relevance to
what is asked
for.
No relevance
at all.
Written
answers
have no
errors in
word
selection and
use,
sentence
structure,
spelling and
capitalization.
Written
answers are
relatively
free from
errors in
word
selection and
use,
sentence
structure,
spelling and
capitalization
(1- 2 errors)
Written
answers
have several
errors in word
selection and
use,
sentence
structure,
spelling and
capitalization
(3- 4 errors)
Written
answers
have serious
errors in word
selection and
use,
sentence
structure,
spelling and
capitalization
The
complete
idea is
clearly
stated.
Content
3
A
Assessment
Direction: Multiple Choice. Read the statement carefully and choose the
correct answer. Write your answer on your notebook.
_1. It is the core of a computer system. Usually it's a rectangular box
placed on or underneath your desk.
A. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
B. Hard Disk
C. System Unit
D. Power Supply Unit (PSU)
Score
_2. Where can you find the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?.
A. Inside the CD/DVD Rom
B. Below Cooling Fan and Heatsink
C. Beside the Power Supply Unit (PSU)
D. Outside the System Unit
_3. This type of printer recreates a digital image by propelling droplets
of ink onto paper and plastic substrates.
A. Dot Matrix Printer
B. Ink Jet Printer
C. Laser Printer
D. Line Printer
_4. Which the following port is designed for CRT monitor?
A. Analog Sub-D Port
B. Serial Port
C. Parallel Port
D. USB Port
_5. Marcus wanted to connect his computer to the internet. Which of
the following device is needed?
A. Ethernet Port
B. Modem
C. USB Hub
D. Wifi Repeater
_6. Which of the following memory module contains random-access
memory used in computers from the early 1980s to the late 1990s.? A. DDR2
SDRAM
B. DDR3 SDRAM
C. SDRAM DIMM
D. SIMM
_7. It is the hardware within a computer that carries out the instructions
of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetical, logical, and
input/output operations of the system.
A. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
B. Hard Disk
C. Motherboard
D. Random Access Memory
_8. A computer that "serves up" information to other computers on a
network.
A. Desktop Computer
B. Laptop
C. Tablet Computer
D. Server
_9. Battery or AC-powered personal computers that are more portable
than desktop computers, allowing you to use them almost anywhere. A. Desktop
Computer
B. Laptop
C. Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)
D. Server
_10. This computer hardware component is an expansion card which
generates a feed of output images to a display.
A. Graphic Card
B. Memory Card
C. Motherboard
D. Sound Card
References