4G LTE vs 5G NR
Technology & System
RATMA WAHYUDI
ITU Perspective – IMT 2020
 Early 2012, ITU-R embarked on a global program
to develop “IMT for 2020 and beyond”.


Setting the stage for 5G research activities that are
emerging around the world
Report ITU-R M.2320 – “Future technology trends of
terrestrial IMT systems” (Nov 2014)
 September 2015, ITU-R finalized “Vision” of the
5G mobile broadband connected society.
 Recommendation ITU-R M.2083 – “Framework
and overall objectives of the future
development of IMT for 2020 and beyond” (Sep
2015).


Defined the “usage scenarios” for IMT 2020 and beyond
Instrumental in setting the agenda for the World
Radiocommunication Conference 2019
ITU Perspective – IMT 2020
 February 2017 – ITU completed a cycle of studies
on the key performance requirements of 5G
technologies for IMT-2020.
 November 2017 – adopted Report ITU-R M.2410,
“Minimum requirements related to technical
performance for IMT-2020 radio interface(s)”.

describes those key requirements for the minimum technical
performance of IMT-2020 candidate radio interface
technologies
 Candidate radio technologies – including 3GPP NR
and a combination of LTE +NR - will be evaluated
against these performance requirements utilizing
Report ITU-R M.2412, (Nov 2017) “Guidelines for
evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT2020”, which establishes defined evaluation
criteria & scenarios.
REQUIREMENT COMPARISON
IMT 2020 VS IMT Advanced vs 3GPP
Parameters
ITU-R
IMT-2020
ITU-R
IMT-Advanced
3GPP
LTE-A Pro
3GPP
New radio (NR)
Technology
Bandwidth
Up to 1GHz
Up to 100 MHz
Up to 640MHz
Up to 1 GHz
Peak data rate
DL 20 Gbps
UL 10 Gbps
DL 1.5 Gbps
UL 0.675 Gbps
DL 3 Gbps
UL 1.5 Gbps
DL 20 Gbps
UL 10 Gbps
Peak spectral efficiency
DL 30 bit/s/Hz
UL 15 bit/s/Hz
DL 15 bit/s/Hz
UL 6.75 bit/s/Hz
DL 30 bps/Hz
UL 15 bps/Hz
DL 30 bit/s/Hz
UL 15 bit/s/Hz
User plane latency
Max: 4 ms
Max: 10 ms
Max: 2ms
Max: 0.5 ms
Control plane latency
Max: 20 ms
Max: 100 ms
Max: 50 ms
Max: 10 ms
LTE/NR Architecture
AMF/UPF
AMF/UPF
5GC
MME / S-GW
NG
S1
G
N
G
Xn
E-UTRAN
NG-RAN
gNB
gNB
eNB
X2
Xn
X2
Xn
S1
NG
N
NG
NG
S1
S1
X2
eNB
NG
NG
MME / S-GW
Xn
ng-eNB
eNB
•
•
The eNBs are interconnected with each other by
means of the X2 interface
The eNBs are also connected by means of the S1
interfaces to the EPC
•
•
ng-eNB
The gNBs and ng-eNBs are interconnected with each other
by means of the Xn interface
The gNBs and ng-eNBs are also connected by means of the
NG interfaces to the 5GC
LTE/NR Waveform
1. LTE Waveform
 DL waveform : OFDM
 UL waveform : OFDM or SC-FDMA
1. NR Waveform
 DL waveform : OFDM
 UL waveform : OFDM or SC-FDMA
 OFDM targeted at high throughput scenarios
 SC-FDMA targeted at power limited scenarios
2. LTE Multiple Access
 Orthogonal multiple access
3. LTE Bandwidth




Maximum CC bandwidth is 20 MHz
Maximum number of sub-carrier is 1200
2048-FFT is needed
Maximum number of CC is 5 (current) or 32 (later)
4. LTE Modulation
 Data : QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM for DL/UL and 256-QAM
for DL only (plan supported 1024-QAM in R16)
 Non-Data : BPSK, QPSK, ZC
 OFDM targeted at high throughput scenarios
 SC-FDMA targeted at power limited scenarios
2. NR Multiple Access
 Orthogonal multiple access
 Non - Orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) not
supported in Rel.15
3. NR Bandwidth




Maximum CC bandwidth is 400 MHz
Maximum number of sub-carrier is 3300
4097-FFT is needed
Maximum number of CC is 16
4. NR Modulation
 Data : QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM for DL/UL and 256-QAM
for DL only
 Non-Data : BPSK, QPSK, ZC
LTE/NR - Basic Numerology
 LTE: A single 15 KHz subcarrier spacing
 Normal and extended cyclic prefix
Rel-15 supports the following numerologies
 NR supports sub-1GHz to several 10 GHz spectrum
range
 Multiple OFDM numerologies required






Flexible subcarrier spacing (SCS) always a factor of
15KHz where
µ varies from 0 to 4 ( Δf = 2µ ∙15 KHz )
Scaled from LTE numerology
Higher subcarrier spacing  Shorter symbols and
cyclic prefix
Extended cyclic prefix only standardized for 60 KHz
µ
∆f = 𝟐µ . 15 KHz
Cyclic Prefix
0
15 KHz
Normal
1
30 KHz
Normal
2
60 KHz
Normal, Extended
3
120 KHz
Normal
4
240 KHz
Normal
Spectrum
Data [KHz]
SSB [KHz]
< 6 GHz
15, 30, 60
15, 30
> 6 GHz
60, 120
120, 240
NR SCS :
Symbol length
71.36 µs
35.67 µs
17.84 µs
8.92 µs
4.46 µs
Frame Structure
One frame, Tframe = 10 ms
One subframe, Tsubframe = 1 ms
#0
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
Frame structure for LTE
Δf=15 kHz
One slot, 1 ms
Δf=30 kHz
One slot, 0.5 ms
Δf=60 kHz
One slot, 0.25 ms
Δf=120 kHz
One slot, 0.125 ms
Δf=240 kHz
One slot, 0.0625 ms
#9
LTE Operating Bands
E-UTRA
Operatin
g Band
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Uplink (UL) operating band
BS receive
UE transmit
FUL_low – FUL_high
1920 MHz – 1980 MHz
1850 MHz – 1910 MHz
1710 MHz – 1785 MHz
1710 MHz – 1755 MHz
824 MHz – 849 MHz
830 MHz – 840 MHz
2500 MHz – 2570 MHz
880 MHz – 915 MHz
1749.9 MHz – 1784.9 MHz
1710 MHz – 1770 MHz
1427.9 MHz – 1447.9 MHz
699 MHz – 716 MHz
777 MHz – 787 MHz
788 MHz – 798 MHz
Reserved
Reserved
704 MHz – 716 MHz
815 MHz – 830 MHz
830 MHz – 845 MHz
832 MHz – 862 MHz
1447.9 MHz – 1462.9 MHz
3410 MHz – 3490 MHz
2000 MHz – 2020 MHz
1626.5 MHz – 1660.5 MHz
1850 MHz – 1915 MHz
814 MHz – 849 MHz
807 MHz – 824 MHz
703 MHz – 748 MHz
Downlink (DL) operating band
BS transmit
Duplex
Mode
UE receive
FDL_low – FDL_high
2110 MHz – 2170 MHz
FDD
1930 MHz – 1990 MHz
FDD
1805 MHz – 1880 MHz
FDD
2110 MHz – 2155 MHz
FDD
869 MHz – 894MHz
FDD
875 MHz – 885 MHz
FDD
2620 MHz – 2690 MHz
FDD
925 MHz – 960 MHz
FDD
1844.9 MHz – 1879.9 MHz FDD
2110 MHz – 2170 MHz
FDD
1475.9 MHz – 1495.9 MHz FDD
729 MHz – 746 MHz
FDD
746 MHz – 756 MHz
FDD
758 MHz – 768 MHz
FDD
Reserved
FDD
Reserved
FDD
734 MHz – 746 MHz
FDD
860 MHz – 875 MHz
FDD
875 MHz – 890 MHz
FDD
791 MHz – 821 MHz
FDD
1495.9 MHz – 1510.9 MHz FDD
3510 MHz – 3590 MHz
FDD
2180 MHz – 2200 MHz
FDD
1525 MHz – 1559 MHz
FDD
1930 MHz – 1995 MHz
FDD
859 MHz – 894 MHz
FDD
852 MHz – 869 MHz
FDD
758 MHz – 803 MHz
FDD
E-UTRA
Operatin
g Band
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
…
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
Uplink (UL) operating band
BS receive
UE transmit
FUL_low – FUL_high
N/A
2305 MHz
–
2315 MHz
452.5 MHz
–
457.5 MHz
N/A
1900 MHz
–
1920 MHz
2010 MHz
–
2025 MHz
1850 MHz
–
1910 MHz
1930 MHz
–
1990 MHz
1910 MHz
–
1930 MHz
2570 MHz
–
2620 MHz
1880 MHz
–
1920 MHz
2300 MHz
–
2400 MHz
2496 MHz
2690 MHz
3400 MHz
–
3600 MHz
3600 MHz
–
3800 MHz
703 MHz
–
803 MHz
1447 MHz
–
1467 MHz
5150 MHz
–
5925 MHz
5855 MHz
–
5925 MHz
3550 MHz
–
3700 MHz
1920 MHz
1710 MHz
–
–
N/A
698 MHz
–
N/A
1695 MHz
–
Downlink (DL) operating band
BS transmit
UE receive
FDL_low – FDL_high
717 MHz – 728 MHz
2350 MHz – 2360 MHz
462.5 MHz – 467.5 MHz
1452 MHz – 1496 MHz
1900 MHz – 1920 MHz
2010 MHz – 2025 MHz
1850 MHz – 1910 MHz
1930 MHz – 1990 MHz
1910 MHz – 1930 MHz
2570 MHz – 2620 MHz
1880 MHz – 1920 MHz
2300 MHz – 2400 MHz
2496 MHz
2690 MHz
3400 MHz – 3600 MHz
3600 MHz – 3800 MHz
703 MHz – 803 MHz
1447 MHz – 1467 MHz
5150 MHz – 5925 MHz
5855 MHz – 5925 MHz
3550 MHz – 3700 MHz
Reserved
2010 MHz
2110 MHz
1780 MHz
2110 MHz
738 MHz
728 MHz
753 MHz
2570 MHz
1710 MHz
1995 MHz
–
–
–
–
–
–
2200 MHz
2200 MHz
758 MHz
783 MHz
2620 MHz
2020 MHz
Duplex
Mode
FDD2
FDD
FDD
FDD2
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD8
TDD11
TDD
FDD
FDD4
FDD2
FDD
FDD2
FDD10
NR Operating Bands in FR1 & FR2
NR
operatin
g band
Uplink (UL) operating band
BS receive / UE transmit
FUL_low – FUL_high
Downlink (DL) operating band
BS transmit / UE receive
FDL_low – FDL_high
Duplex
Mode
n1
1920 MHz – 1980 MHz
2110 MHz – 2170 MHz
FDD
n2
1850 MHz – 1910 MHz
1930 MHz – 1990 MHz
FDD
n3
1710 MHz – 1785 MHz
1805 MHz – 1880 MHz
FDD
n5
824 MHz – 849 MHz
869 MHz – 894 MHz
FDD
n7
2500 MHz – 2570 MHz
2620 MHz – 2690 MHz
FDD
n8
880 MHz – 915 MHz
925 MHz – 960 MHz
FDD
n12
699 MHz – 716 MHz
729 MHz – 746 MHz
FDD
n20
832 MHz – 862 MHz
791 MHz – 821 MHz
FDD
n25
1850 MHz – 1915 MHz
1930 MHz – 1995 MHz
FDD
n28
703 MHz – 748 MHz
758 MHz – 803 MHz
FDD
n34
2010 MHz – 2025 MHz
2010 MHz – 2025 MHz
TDD
n38
2570 MHz – 2620 MHz
2570 MHz – 2620 MHz
TDD
n39
1880 MHz – 1920 MHz
1880 MHz – 1920 MHz
TDD
n40
2300 MHz – 2400 MHz
2300 MHz – 2400 MHz
TDD
n41
2496 MHz – 2690 MHz
2496 MHz – 2690 MHz
TDD
n50
1432 MHz – 1517 MHz
1432 MHz – 1517 MHz
TDD1
n51
1427 MHz – 1432 MHz
1427 MHz – 1432 MHz
TDD
n66
1710 MHz – 1780 MHz
2110 MHz – 2200 MHz
FDD
n70
1695 MHz – 1710 MHz
1995 MHz – 2020 MHz
FDD
n71
663 MHz – 698 MHz
617 MHz – 652 MHz
FDD
n74
1427 MHz – 1470 MHz
1475 MHz – 1518 MHz
FDD
n75
N/A
1432 MHz – 1517 MHz
SDL
n76
N/A
1427 MHz – 1432 MHz
SDL
n77
3300 MHz – 4200 MHz
3300 MHz – 4200 MHz
TDD
n78
3300 MHz – 3800 MHz
3300 MHz – 3800 MHz
TDD
n79
4400 MHz – 5000 MHz
4400 MHz – 5000 MHz
TDD
n80
1710 MHz – 1785 MHz
N/A
SUL
n81
880 MHz – 915 MHz
N/A
SUL
n82
832 MHz – 862 MHz
N/A
SUL
n83
703 MHz – 748 MHz
N/A
SUL
n84
1920 MHz – 1980 MHz
N/A
SUL
n86
1710 MHz – 1780MHz
N/A
SUL
NOTE 1: UE that complies with the NR Band n50 minimum requirements in this specification shall also
comply with the NR Band n51 minimum requirements.
Operating
Band
Uplink (UL) operating band
BS receive / UE transmit
FUL_low – FUL_high
Downlink (DL) operating band
BS transmit / UE receive
FDL_low – FDL_high
Duplex
Mode
n257
26500 MHz – 29500 MHz
26500 MHz
–
29500 MHz
TDD
n258
24250 MHz – 27500 MHz
24250 MHz
–
27500 MHz
TDD
n260
37000 MHz – 40000 MHz
37000 MHz
–
40000 MHz
TDD
n261
27500 MHz – 28350 MHz
27500 MHz
–
28350 MHz
TDD
LTE/NR Channel bandwidth
LTE Maximum transmission bandwidth configuration NRB
SCS (kHz)
1.4MHz
NRB
3MHz
NRB
5MHz
NRB
10MHz
NRB
15MHz
NRB
20 MHz
NRB
15
6
15
25
50
75
100
NR Maximum transmission bandwidth configuration NRB
FR1
SCS (kHz)
5MHz
NRB
10MHz
NRB
15MHz
NRB
20 MHz
NRB
25 MHz
NRB
30 MHz
NRB
40 MHz
NRB
50MHz
NRB
60 MHz
NRB
80 MHz
NRB
90 MHz
NRB
100 MHz
NRB
15
30
60
25
11
N/A
52
24
11
79
38
18
106
51
24
133
65
31
160
78
38
216
106
51
270
133
65
N/A
162
79
N/A
217
107
N/A
245
121
N/A
273
135
50MHz
NRB
66
32
100MHz
NRB
132
66
FR2
SCS (kHz)
60
120
200MHz
NRB
264
132
400 MHz
NRB
N.A
264
Support Wider Bandwidth
 LTE

18
18
18
18
18
MHz
MHz
MHz
MHz
MHz

To get 100MHz bandwidth should aggregate
5 carrier of 20MHz
Total PRB will be 5 x 100PRB = 500PRB
100MHz (5x20MHz)

 NR
98.31 MHz


To get 100MHz bandwidth can be achieved
only 1 carrier of 100MHz
Total PRB will be ~ 540PRB
8% improvement for spectrum usage
100MHz
5G NR support wider bandwidth, higher spectrum usage and less guard band
Carrier Aggregation and Supplementary Uplink

Carrier aggregation (up to 16 carriers)

Main use case: bandwidth extension
Carrier aggregation

Supplementary uplink

To improve UL coverage for high frequency
scenarios
Supplementary uplink
DL+UL coverage
DL only coverage
SUL coverage
Cell #1
Cell #2
A single cell
UL
NR CA Band
CA_n3A-n77A
CA_n3A-n78A
CA_n3A-n79A
CA_n8A-n75A
CA n8-n78A
CA_n8A-n79A
CA_n28A-n75A2
CA_n28A_n78A
CA_n41A-n78A
CA_n75A-n78A1
CA_n77A-n79A
CA_n78A-n79A
NR Band
(Table 5.2-1)
n3, n77
n3, n78
n3, n79
n8, n75
n8, n78
n8, n79
n28, n75
n28, n78
n41, n78
n75, n78
n77, n79
n78, n79
DL + UL
frequency
SUL
High NR frequency
NR Band combination for
SUL
SUL_n78-n802
SUL_n78-n812
SUL_n78-n822
SUL_n78-n832
SUL_n78-n842
SUL_n78-n862
SUL_n79-n802
SUL_n79-n812
NR Band
(Table 5.2-1)
n78, n80
n78, n81
n78, n82
n78, n83
n78, n84
n78, n86
n79, n80
n79, n81
Bandwidth Parts





To support UEs not capable of full carrier bandwidth
To support bandwidth adaptation (reduced UE power consumption)
Up to 4 bandwidth parts per carrier, one of which is active
A UE is not supposed to receive/transmit outside the active bandwidth part
Many parameters are configured per bandwidth part
Ultra Lean Design
LTE




Very limited capability for base station power savings due to continuous
transmission of cell reference signals
Cell specific reference signal
transmission 4x every ms
Synchronization every 5 ms
Broadcast every 10 ms
Example in 20MHz bandwidth, there
are 33,104 symbol will be occupied
by PBCH/SSS/PSS/RS
NR




5G enables advanced base station power savings
No cell specific reference signals
Synchronization every 20 ms
Broadcast every 20 ms
Example in 20MHz bandwidth, there
are 3,388 symbol will be occupied by
PBCH/SSS/PSS
Downlink MIMO Framework : Beam Management
Mini Slot Transmission
Basic Principle
 Slot transmission
 Can start at every 7th (14th) symbol
 Have a fixed length of 7 (14) symbols
DL data
UL data
 Mini-slot transmission
DL data
 Can start at any OFDM symbol
 Can have an arbitrary length
•
up to some maximum value
 Have a length 2, 4, 7 OFDM symbol
UL data
Downlink & Uplink Physical Channel/Signal
NR vs LTE
The mapping between logical, transport channels and
physical channels
LTE
NR
RADIO LINK CONTROL (RLC) LAYER
Control Plane
PCCH
BCCH
CCCH
RADIO LINK CONTROL (RLC) LAYER
Control Plane
User Plane
DTCH
DCCH
PCCH
BCCH
CCCH
User Plane
DTCH
DCCH
Logical
Channel
MEDIUM ACCES CONTROL (MAC) LAYER
Transport
Channel
PCH
BCH
MEDIUM ACCES CONTROL (MAC) LAYER
PCH
DL-SCH
BCH
PHYSICAL LAYER
DL-SCH
PHYSICAL LAYER
DCI
DCI
Physical
Channel
PSS
PSS
PBCH
PDSCH
PDCCH
PHICH
PCFICH
PSS
PSS
PBCH
DMRS
PDSCH
DMRS
PT-RS
PDCCH
DMRS
CSI-RS
PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)



PDCCH is carries information of Downlink Control Information, DCI for a particular UE or group of UEs.
DCI provides : Downlink resource scheduling, Uplink power control instructions, uplink resource grant.
DCI format has different types which are defined with different sizes and function.
LTE
NR
 Frequency domain
 Control Region in LTE is always
spread across the whole channel
band width,
 There is no parameters defining
the frequency domain region for
LTE control region
 Time Domain
 Control region is defined by the
physical channel called PCFICH
 1-3 first symbol in every TTI
 Resource Allocation
 1 REG = 4 RE
 1 CCE = 9 REG
 Aggregation Level
 1/2/4/8
 Frequency domain
 Need a parameter defining the
frequency domain width for
CORESET
 Frequency domain width can be set
in any value in the multiples of 2, 3,
and 6 RBs.
 Time Domain
 Need the parameter for time
domain length both in LTE in NR
 Flexible within TTI 14 symbol (max
consecutive is 3 symbol)
 Resource Allocation
 1 REG = 12 RE
 1 CCE = 6 REG
 Aggregation Level
 1/2/4/8/16
5G NR Reference Signal
To increase protocol efficiency, and to keep transmissions contained within a slot or beam without having to
depend on other slots and beams, NR introduces the following four main reference signals.




Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS)
Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS)
Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)
Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)
Reference Signals Mapping with associated with different physical channel is depicted in following figure.
What’s new in NR compare to LTE :
1.
2.
3.
4.
In NR, there is not Cell specific Reference Signal
(C-RS)
New Reference Signal PTRS has been introduced
for Time/Frequency tracking
DMRS has been introduced for both downlink
and uplink channels
In NR, reference signals are transmitted only
when it is necessary where as in LTE constantly
exchanging reference signals to manage the link
LTE/NR 4-Bit Mapping CQI Table
4-bit CQI Table for supported 64-QAM
CQI
index
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
modulation
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
16QAM
16QAM
16QAM
64QAM
64QAM
64QAM
64QAM
64QAM
64QAM
code rate x
1024
out of range
78
120
193
308
449
602
378
490
616
466
567
666
772
873
948
4-bit CQI Table for supported 256-QAM
efficiency
0.1523
0.2344
0.3770
0.6016
0.8770
1.1758
1.4766
1.9141
2.4063
2.7305
3.3223
3.9023
4.5234
5.1152
5.5547
LTE and NR have same CQI mapping table
CQI
index
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
modulation
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
16QAM
16QAM
16QAM
64QAM
64QAM
64QAM
64QAM
64QAM
256QAM
256QAM
256QAM
256QAM
code rate x
1024
out of range
78
193
449
378
490
616
466
567
666
772
873
711
797
885
948
efficiency
0.1523
0.3770
0.8770
1.4766
1.9141
2.4063
2.7305
3.3223
3.9023
4.5234
5.1152
5.5547
6.2266
6.9141
7.4063
NR Slot Format
D = Downlink
Format
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0
D
U
X
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
1
D
U
X
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
X
D
D
X
D
D
X
D
D
D
D
D
2
D
U
X
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
X
X
D
X
X
D
X
X
D
D
D
D
3
D
U
X
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
D
U = Uplink
4
D
U
X
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
D
5
D
U
X
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
D
X = Flexible, can be D/U
Symbol Number in a slot
6
7
8
D
D
D
U
U
U
X
X
X
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
X
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
9
D
U
X
D
D
D
D
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
D
10
D
U
X
D
D
D
X
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
X
11
D
U
X
D
D
X
X
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
U
U
U
D
X
X
12
D
U
X
D
X
X
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
13
D
U
X
X
X
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
NR Slot Format
D = Downlink
Format
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
0
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
X
X
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
1
D
D
D
X
D
D
X
D
D
X
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
X
U
X
X
X
D
D
X
D
D
X
X
D
2
D
D
D
U
X
D
X
X
D
X
X
D
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
U
U
X
X
D
X
U
D
X
U
X
X
3
D
D
D
U
U
X
U
X
X
X
X
X
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
U
U
U
X
D
U
U
D
X
U
X
X
U = Uplink
4
D
D
D
U
U
U
U
U
X
U
X
X
D
D
D
D
D
X
X
U
U
U
U
D
U
U
X
U
U
X
X
5
D
D
D
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
D
D
D
D
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
X
U
U
X
U
U
X
X
X = Flexible, can be D/U
Symbol Number in a slot
6
7
8
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
D
D
D
X
X
X
X
X
U
X
D
D
X
D
D
X
D
D
X
D
X
U
U
U
X
X
U
X
X
U
X
X
U
D
D
U
U
U
U
D
X
U
D
D
U
D
D
U
D
X
U
D
X
U
D
D
9
D
D
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
U
D
D
X
X
U
U
X
X
D
XU
U
D
X
U
X
X
10
D
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
U
D
D
X
X
U
U
U
X
D
U
U
D
X
U
X
X
11
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
U
D
D
X
X
U
U
U
U
D
U
U
X
U
U
X
X
12
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
U
U
D
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
X
U
U
X
U
U
X
X
13
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
X
X
X
X
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
NR Spectral Efficiency
Peak spectral efficiency:


DL: 8 layer for FR1; 6 layer for FR2; 256QAM
(NR, LTE) / 1024QAM (LTE), max code rate =
0.9258 (NR) / 0.93 (LTE)
UL: 4 layer, 256QAM, max code rate = 0.9258
(NR) / 0.93 (LTE)
Contributing Technical Component:



NR large CC bandwidth introduces reduced
guard band ratio
NR small overhead for DL:
 For PDCCH, as low as 0.6%@100 MHz for
low load; 8-layer DMRS overhead reduced
to 9.5%; no CRS
NR small overhead for UL:
 4-layer DMRS overhead reduced to 7%
under UL OFDMA; “Special sub-frame” can
be used to transmit UL data -> Overhead
reduced.
NR Spectral Efficiency
NR FDD DL peak spectral efficiency (bit/s/Hz)
SCS [kHz]
FR1
5 MHz
10 MHz
15 MHz
20 MHz
25 MHz
30 MHz
40 MHz
50 MHz
60 MHz
80 MHz
90 MHz
100 MHz
Req.
15
40.8~42.8
44.5~45.5
45.1~46.5
45.4~47.0
45.5~47.2
45.7~47.4
46.2~48.2
46.2~48.3
-
-
-
-
30
30
32.1~37.7
39.4~41.1
43.0~44.2
43.7~44.8
44.5~45.9
44.5~46.1
45.4~47.1
45.5~47.4
46.2~48.2
46.4~48.5
48.5~48.7
46.7~48.9
30
60
-
32.4~37.7
38.4~41.1
39.6~41.3
41.8~43.1
43.2~44.3
43.7~44.9
44.5~46.0
45.1~46.8
45.8~47.7
47.6~47.8
46.2~48.2
30
FDD generally assume : 8-layer downlink transmission, with 256QAM modulation, and a maximum coding rate of 0.9258
NR TDD DL peak spectral efficiency for FR1 (bit/s/Hz)
(Frame structure: DDDSU; aDL=0.7643; with OH1 and OH2)
SCS [kHz]
FR1
5 MHz
10 MHz
15 MHz
20 MHz
25 MHz
30 MHz
40 MHz
50 MHz
60 MHz
80 MHz
90 MHz
100 MHz
Req.
15
39.6~41.5
43.6~44.5
44.9~45.6
45.6~46.1
46.1~ 46.4
46.3~46.6
47.1~47.3
47.2~47.4
-
-
-
-
30
30
31.7~35.2
38.4~40.3
42.1~43.3
43.1~44.0
44.4~ 45.1
44.6~45.3
45.9~46.3
46.3~46.6
47.1~47.4
47.5~47.7
47.7~47.9
47.9~48.1
30
60
-
31.8~35.3
37.5~40.1
38.7~40.5
40.9~ 42.3
42.3~43.5
43.3~44.2
44.5~45.3
45.4~46.0
46.4~46.9
46.8~47.2
47.1~47.4
30
TDD generally assume : 8-layer downlink transmission, with 256QAM modulation, and a maximum coding rate of 0.9258. The DL/UL configurations of DDDSU (with ‘S’ slot =
11DL:1GP:2UL) and DSUUD (with ‘S’ slot = 6DL:2GP:6UL and 11DL:1GP:2UL respectively)
SCS [kHz]
FR2
50 MHz
100 MHz
200 MHz
400 MHz
Req.
60
33.7
34.5
34.9
-
30
120
31.7
34.0
34.7
35.0
30
For NR TDD in FR2, the DL/UL configurations of DDDSU (with ‘S’ slot = 11DL:1GP:2UL) and
DSUUD (with ‘S’ slot = 6DL:2GP:6UL and 11DL:1GP:2UL respectively), the number of layers is
6 with 256QAM modulation and maximum coding rate of 0.9258
NR Peak Data Rate - Downlink
NR DL peak data rate
Duplexing
FDD
TDD
(DDDSU)
TDD
(DSUUD,
S slot= 11DL:2GP:2UL)
TDD
(DSUUD,
S slot= 6DL:2GP:6UL)
SCS [kHz]
FR1
FR1
FR2
(Nlayer=6)
FR1
FR2
(Nlayer=6)
FR1
FR2 (Nlayer=8)
Per CC BW (MHz)
15
30
60
15
30
60
60
120
15
30
60
60
120
15
30
60
60
120
50
100
100
50
100
100
200
400
50
100
100
200
400
50
100
100
200
400
Required DL
Req.
Peak data rate per CC Aggregated peak data
rate over 16 CCs bandwidth to meet (Gbit/s)
(Gbit/s)
(Gbit/s)
the requirement
(MHz)1
2.31~2.41
4.67~4.89
4.62~4.82
1.81
3.68
3.62
5.33
10.7
1.32
2.69
2.64
3.86
7.81
1.13
2.30
2.26
4.38
8.76
37.0~38.6
74.7~78.2
73.9~77.1
414~433
409~428
415~433
29.0
58.9
57.9
85.3
171.2
21.1
43.0
42.3
61.8
125.0
18.1
36.8
36.2
70.1
140.2
552
543
552
750
748
757
745
757
1036
1024
885
870
885
913
913
NOTE 1: The value only indicates the required bandwidth to meet the DL peak data rate. It is not necessarily supported as NR Transmission bandwidth.
20
NR Peak Data Rate - Uplink
NR UL peak data rate
Duplexing
SCS [kHz]
FDD
FR1
TDD (DDDSU) + SUL
FR1
TDD
(DSUUD,
S slot =11DL:2GP:2UL)
FR1
TDD
(DSUUD,
S slot =6DL:2GP:6UL)
FR1
FR2
FR2
15
30
60
15
30
60
30
60
60
120
30
60
60
120
Per CC BW (MHz)
Peak data rate per
CC (Gbit/s)
50
100
100
50
100
100
100
100
200
400
100
100
200
400
1.12~1.18
2.28~2.39
2.27~2.38
1.12~1.18
2.28~2.39
2.27~2.38
1.06
1.05
1.91
3.85
1.05
1.04
2.02
4.04
Aggregated peak
Required UL
Req.
data rate over 16 bandwidth to meet (Gbit/s)
CCs (Gbit/s)
the requirement
(MHz)1
17.9~18.9
36.5~38.2
36.3~38.1
17.9~18.9
36.5~38.2
36.3~38.1
424~446
418~439
420~441
424~446
418~439
420~441
17.0
16.8
30.6
61.6
16.8
16.6
32.3
64.6
943
952
1047
1039
952
962
990
990
NOTE 1: The value only indicates the required bandwidth to meet the DL peak data rate. It is not necessarily supported as NR Transmission bandwidth.
10
Average and 5% Percentile user SE
Preliminary NR evaluation results for Dense Urban:


Larger CC bandwidth brings improved SE (~30%) due to guard band ratio reduction and PDCCH
overhead reduction
NR Massive MIMO: 64 TXRU brings additional gain over 32 TXRU in TDD.
Latency, Control Plane and User Plane URLLC
User Plane (1ms requirement)
Control Plane (20ms requirement)
UE
gNB
1. Delay for RACH
Scheduling Period
2. RACH Preamble
4. RA response
5. Processing
delay in UE
6. RRC Resume Request
7. Processing
delay in gNB
Control plane procedure
3. Processing
delay in gNB
8. RRC Resume
9. Processing
delay in UE
10. RRC Resume Complete
Control
plane
UE capability 1
UE capability 2
latency NR FDD
Subcarrier spacing
Subcarrier spacing
Allocation
15 kHz 30 kHz 60 kHz 120kHz 15 kHz 30 kHz 60 kHz
4
symbols
15.6
13.5
12.4
11.7
15.1
13.0
12.1
Mapping
Type A
7 symbols 15.8
13.6
12.5
11.7
15.3
13.1
12.2
2 symbols 13.7
12.3
11.9
11.4
13.4
12.0
11.7
Mapping
4 symbols 14.2
12.5
12.0
11.5
13.9
12.3
11.8
Type B
7 symbols 15.3
13.0
12.3
11.6
14.8
12.8
12.1
DL user plane latency
NR FDD
Allocation
4 symbols
Mapping
Type A
Mapping
Type B
Re-Tx
p=0
p=0.1
7 symbols p=0
p=0.1
14 symbols p=0
p=0.1
2 symbols p=0
p=0.1
4 symbols p=0
p=0.1
7 symbols p=0
p=0.1
UE capability 1
Subcarrier spacing
15 kHz 30 kHz 60 kHz 120 kHz
1.37
0.76
0.54
0.34
1.58
0.87
0.64
0.40
1.49
0.82
0.57
0.36
1.70
0.93
0.67
0.42
2.13
1.14
0.72
0.44
2.43
1.29
0.82
0.51
0.98
0.56
0.44
0.29
1.16
0.67
0.52
0.35
1.11
0.63
0.47
0.31
1.30
0.74
0.56
0.36
1.30
0.72
0.52
0.33
1.49
0.83
0.61
0.39
UE capability 2
Subcarrier spacing
15 kHz 30 kHz 60 kHz
1.00
0.55
0.36
1.12
0.65
0.41
1.12
0.61
0.39
1.25
0.71
0.44
1.80
0.94
0.56
2.00
1.04
0.63
0.49
0.29
0.23
0.60
0.35
0.28
0.66
0.37
0.27
0.78
0.45
0.32
0.93
0.51
0.34
1.08
0.59
0.40
Global Connection Trend
Source : GSMA intelligent
 5G continues to occupy thought space as the next big thing in mobile. 4G, however, will dominate in volume terms
for at least the next 10 years.