STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION AT 25!C
Half-reaction
"
F2 ( g) # 2 e
Co
3+
Au
#e
3+
# 3e
"
Cl2 (g ) # 2 e
2F
$
Co
2#
$
Au(s)
$
2 Cl "
$
2 H 2 O(l )
$
"
"
+
O2 (g) # 4 H # 4 e
"
"
E !(V)
"
$
2 Br "
2 Hg2+ # 2 e "
$
Hg2+ # 2 e "
Hg22+
$
Hg(l )
Br2 (l ) # 2 e
+
"
$
Ag(s)
$
2 Hg(l )
Fe3+ # e "
$
Fe 2+
I 2 (s) # 2 e "
$
2 I"
$
Cu(s)
$
Cu(s)
$
Cu+
$
Sn 2+
Ag # e
Hg2
2+
# 2e
"
Cu+ # e "
Cu
2+
# 2e
Cu
2+
"
#e
"
Sn 4+ # 2 e "
+
"
$
+
"
H 2S(g )
$
# 2e
"
H2 (g)
Pb
2+
$
Pb(s)
Sn
2+
# 2e
"
$
Sn(s)
"
$
Ni(s)
# 2e
"
$
Co(s)
# 2e
"
$
Cd(s)
$
Cr 2+
Fe 2+ # 2 e "
$
Fe(s)
"
$
Cr(s)
$
Zn(s)
$
H 2 ( g ) + 2 OH "
S(s) # 2 H # 2 e
2H # 2e
Ni
2+
# 2e
Co
2+
Cd
2+
Cr 3+ # e "
Cr
3+
Zn
# 3e
2+
# 2e
"
2 H 2 O(l ) # 2 e
Mn 2+ # 2 e "
Al
3+
# 3e
"
Be 2+ # 2 e "
Mg
2+
# 2e
+
Na # e
Ca
Sr
2+
2+
Ba
"
# 2e
# 2e
2+
"
"
"
# 2e
Rb+ # e "
+
"
"
"
$
Mn(s)
$
Al(s)
$
Be(s)
$
Mg(s)
$
Na(s)
$
Ca(s)
$
Sr(s)
$
Ba(s)
$
Rb(s)
$
K(s)
+
"
$
Cs(s)
+
"
$
Li(s)
K #e
Cs # e
Li # e
-3-
2.87
1.82
1.50
1.36
1.23
1.07
0.92
0.85
0.80
0.79
0.77
0.53
0.52
0.34
0.15
0.15
0.14
0.00
– 0.13
– 0.14
– 0.25
– 0.28
– 0.40
– 0.41
– 0.44
– 0.74
– 0.76
– 0.83
– 1.18
– 1.66
– 1.70
– 2.37
– 2.71
– 2.87
– 2.89
– 2.90
– 2.92
– 2.92
– 2.92
– 3.05
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