PROJECT
FILE OF IT
1|Page
INDEX
Serial
No.
1)
2)
Topic
Page No.
Role And Importance Of Computers In
Different Fields
3-7
Introduction To Internet
8-10
3)
Peripheral Device
11-14
4)
Introduction To Word Processing
Software
15-16
2|Page
Computers are used in so many fields in our daily life. From Engineers to
Doctors, Students, Teachers, and Government Organization they all use
computers to perform specific tasks, for entertainment or just to finish office
work. Computers have made our life easier. With greater precision and
accuracy and less time taking computers can do a lot in short time while that
task can take a lot of time while doing manually. Computers have taken
industries and businesses to a whole new level. They are used at Home for
work and entertainment purposes, at Office, in hospitals, in government
organizations. Here we are going to discuss some of the uses of computers in
various fields.
“The computer was born to solve
Problems that did not exist before.”
-Bill Gates
Computer can be used at home in the following ways:
Home Budget
Computer can be used to manage Home Budget. You can easily calculate your expenses
and income. You can list all expenses in one column and income in another column. Then you
can apply any calculation on these columns to plan your home budget. There are also
specialize software that can manage your income and expenses and generate some cool
reports.
3|Page
Computer Games
An important use of computers at home is playing games.
Different types of games are available. These games are
a source of entertainment and recreation. Many games are
available that are specially developed to improve your
mental capability and thinking power.
Working from Home
People can manage the office work at home. The owner of a company can checks the work
of the employees from home. He can control his office while sitting at home.
Entertainment
People can find entertainment on the internet. They can watch
movies, listen to songs, watch missed TV programs, keep
photographs of interesting places, watch videos and download
different stuff. They can also watch live matches on the internet.
Information
People can find any type of information on the internet. They can check news and weather,
Educational and informative websites are available to download books, tutorials etc. to
improve their knowledge and learn new things.
Chatting & Social Media
People can chat with friends and family on the internet using different software like Skype
etc. One can interact with friends over social media websites like Facebook, Twitter &
Google Plus. They can also share photos and videos with friends.
Online Transactions
Pay bills and manage bank accounts, Purchase from online shops.
Smart homes
Homes in which household tasks (such as watering the lawn, turning the air conditioning on
or off, making coffee, monitoring the security of the home and grounds, and managing
home entertainment content) are controlled by a main computer in the home or by the
homeowner remotely via a mobile phone.
Uses of Computers in Education
4|Page
Computer Aided Learning (CAL)
Computer aided learning is the process of using information technology to help teaching
and enhance the learning process. The use of computer can reduce the time that is spent on
preparing teaching material. It can also reduce the administrative load of teaching and
research. The use of multimedia projector and PowerPoint presentations has improved the
quality of teaching. It has also helped the learning process. (Educational videos, Educational
games, Educational CD-ROMs, E-books)
Educational websites
Using the Internet you can learn anywhere at any time. There are number of educational
websites
www.stackoverflow.com
www.w3schools.com
www.khanacademy.com
www.coursera.com
etc.
Distance Learning
Distance learning is a new learning methodology. Computer
plays the key role in this kind of learning. Many institutes are
providing distance learning programs. The student does not
need to come to the institute. The institute provides the reading material and the student
attends virtual classroom. In virtual classroom, the teacher delivers lecture at his own
workplace. The student can attend the lecture at home by connecting to a network. The
student can also ask questions to the teacher.
Learning Management Systems are used to support distance learning.
Services Provided by Learning Management Systems:
Online Examination
The trend of online examination is becoming popular. Different examination like GRE,
GMAT and SAT are conducted online all over the world. The questions are marked by
computer. It minimizes the chance of mistakes. It also enables to announce the result in time.
Uses of Computers in Business
The use of computer technology in business provides many facilities. Businessmen are using
computers to interact with their customers anywhere in the world. Many business tasks are
performed more quickly and efficiently. Computers also help them to reduce the overall
cost of their business. Computer can be used in business in the following ways.
5|Page
Marketing and advertising
An organization can use computers for marketing their
products. Marketing applications provide information
about the products to customers. Computer is also used to
manage distribution system, advertising and selling
activities. It can also be used in deciding pricing
strategies. Companies can know more about their
customers and their needs and requirements etc.
Using of social media for advertising and customer relationship management Customer
relationship management
Accounting
Online shops
Advantages: Global market for buyers and sellers, 24 hours 365 days, No travelling, pay
using electronic payment methods, Show rooms are not required (Save cost), Home delivery
Uses of Computers in Industry
Computers are finding their greatest use in factories and industries of all kinds. They have
taken over the work ranging from monotonous and risky jobs like welding to highly complex
jobs such as process control. Drills, saws and entire assembly lines can be computerized.
Moreover, quality control tests and the manufacturing of products, which require a lot of
refinement, are done with the help of computers. Not only this Thermal Power Plants, Oil
refineries and chemical industries fully depend on computerized control systems because in
such industries the lag between two major events may be just a fraction of a second.
CAD/CAM systems
Uses of computers in Medical Field
Hospital Management System
Specialized hospital management software are used to automate the day to day
procedures and operations at hospitals. These tasks may be Online appointments, payroll
admittance and discharge records etc.
Patient History
Hospital management systems can store data about patients. Computers are used to store
data about patients, their diseases & symptoms, the medicines that are prescribed.
(Medical cards)
Patients Monitoring
Monitoring systems are installed in medical wards and Intensive care units to monitoring
6|Page
patients continuously. These systems can monitor pulse, blood pressure and body
temperature and can alert medical staff about any serious situations.
Life Support Systems
Specialized devices are used to help impaired patients like hearing aids.
Uses of Computers in Transportation
 Monitor fluid levels, temperatures and electrical systems in vehicles.
 Load containerships
 Track railroads cars across the country.
 Air control traffic systems, where computers are used to control the flow of traffic
between airplanes which needs a lot of precision and accuracy to be dealt with.


Traffic light control systems
Parking identification
7|Page
Internet is a global communication system that links together thousands of
individual networks. It allows exchange of information between two or more
computers on a network. Thus, internet helps in transfer of messages through mail,
chat, video & audio conference, etc. It has become mandatory for day-to-day
activities: bills payment, online shopping and surfing, tutoring, working,
communicating with peers, etc.
Internet was evolved in 1969, under the project called ARPANET (Advanced
Research Projects Agency Network) to connect computers at different universities
and U.S. defense. Soon after the people from different backgrounds such as
engineers, scientists, students and researchers started using the network for
exchanging information and messages.
In 1990s the internet working of ARPANET, NSFnet and other private networks
resulted into Internet. Therefore, Internet is a global network of computer
networks. It comprises of millions of computing devices that carry and transfer
volumes of information from one device to the other. Desktop computers,
mainframes, GPS units, cell phones, car alarms, video game consoles, are
connected to the Net.
Computer
Connection - Phone Line, Cable, DSL,
Wireless, ...
Modem
Network Software - TCP/IP
Application Software - Web Browser,
Email, ...
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
8|Page
Send and receive email messages
Download free software with FTP (File Transfer
Protocol).
Post our opinion to a Usenet newsgroup.
Surf the World Wide Web.
And much, much more.
There is no charge for most services.
World Wide Web (WWW)
The World Wide Web (WWW) or web is an internet based service, which uses
common set of rules known as protocols, to distribute documents across the
Internet in a standard way.
World Wide Web, which is also known as a
Web, is a collection of websites or web pages
stored in web servers and connected to local
computers through the internet. These websites
contain text pages, digital images, audios,
videos, etc. Users can access the content of
these sites from any part of the world over the
internet using their devices such as computers,
laptops, cell phones, etc. The WWW, along
with internet, enables the retrieval and display of text and media to your
device.
The World Wide Web. Or ‘Web’ is a part of the Internet. The Web is viewed
through web browser software such as Google chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla
Firefox etc. Using browsers one can access the digital libraries containing
innumerable articles, journals, e-books, news, tutorials stored in the form of web
pages on computers around the world called web servers-Today thousands of
web pages/websites are added to the WWW every hour.
9|Page
 The Web was invented in 1991 by Tim Berners-Lee, while consulting at
CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) in Switzerland.
 The Web is a distributed information system.
 The Web contains multimedia.
Information in the Web is connected by hyperlinks.
Difference between Internet and WWW:
The Internet is known as “interconnection of computer networks”. The Internet is a
massive network of networks. It connects millions of computers together globally,
forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other
computer as long as they are both connected to the Internet. Information that
travels over the Internet does so via a variety of languages known as protocols.
The World Wide Web, or “Web” for short, or simply Web, is a massive
collection of digital pages to access information over the Internet. The Web uses
the HTTP protocol, to transmit data and allows applications to communicate in
order to exchange business logic. The Web also uses browsers, such as Internet
Explorer or Firefox. to access web documents called Web pages that are linked
to each other via hyperlinks. Web documents also contain graphics, sounds, text
and video.
10 | P a g e
A peripheral device, also sometimes called an auxiliary device, is any connected
device (internal or external) that provides a computer with additional
functionality.
Peripheral devices fall into three main categories:
 Input devices, which send data to the computer.
 Output devices, which receive data from the computer.
 Input/output devices, such as storage devices.
Examples of Peripheral
Devices
1. Mouse
2. Keyboard
3. Webcam
4. Microphone
5. Monitor
6. Speakers
7. Projector
8. Printer
9. USB Flash Drive
10. External Hard Drive
1. Mouse
A mouse is an input device that allows you to use point-and-click technology to
interact with a computer. Modern mice usually have two buttons with a scroll
wheel between them. This device was named a "mouse" because the inventors
thought that the wire that connects the device to the computer resembled a
mouse tail. Nowadays, mice often connect to the computer using wireless
technology.
11 | P a g e
2. Keyboard
Keyboards are the most common input device. The user enters letters, numbers,
and other symbols to give the computer information and instruction. Using a
keyboard to enter a lot of information is called typing. The keyboard works
through push buttons or mechanical switches known as keys which, when pressed,
send a signal to the computer. In the past, keyboards used to connect to the
computer via a DIN connector, but nowadays they are more likely to connect via
a USB port or be wireless.
3. Webcam
These input devices are video cameras that connect to a computer. They can be
external or built-in. Webcams are most often used to enable people to see each
other when communicating over the internet, or for recording video blogs, or
making other videos. As well as computers, webcams can also be built into
mobile phones. The first webcam was developed in 1991 at the University of
Cambridge. It was pointed at a coffee pot so that researchers from around the
Computer Science Department could see if it was full before they got up from
their desks.
4. Microphone
Microphones are audio input devices. The microphone feeds a sound signal to the
computer, where it can be recorded, or streamed across the internet.
Microphones are often built into laptops, webcams and mobile phones
nowadays. The earliest microphones were telephone transmitters invented in the
latter half of the 19th century. Various designs were tried, but the first to have
reasonable sound quality were (loose-contact) carbon microphones that were
developed independently by David Edward Hughes in England, and Emile
Berliner and Thomas Edison in the US.
5. Monitor
The most common output device, monitors enable users to interact with a
computer more easily. The monitor essentially displays a signal sent by the
computer in a visual format. Monitors look similar to televisions in outward
appearance, but typically have a higher display resolution than televisions,
enabling greater visual detail, plus they lack a tuner to change channels. As with
12 | P a g e
televisions, modern computer monitors use flat screen technology and have fallen
in price in recent years.
6. Speakers
A computer speaker is another common type of output device. They typically
come in pairs to provide stereo sound and sometimes with a subwoofer unit too
in order to enhance bass frequency. Computer speakers usually have built-in
amplifiers and therefore require a power supply, either from the mains,
batteries, or via a USB port. In the past, speakers normally received their audio
signal via a 3.5 mm jack plug, but it's increasingly common nowadays for
computer speakers to be wireless and use Bluetooth technology. Altec Lansing
claim to have produced the first commercially available computer speakers in
1990.
7. Projector
Projectors are optical output devices that enable a roomful of people to see
visuals generated by a single computer. As their name suggests, projectors
"project" still or moving images onto a screen, blank wall, or other surface.
Digital projectors first came onto the market in the early 2000's and have now
almost completely replaced older, pre-digital models. They are typically used
for presentations, watching movies, or as a teaching aid, and usually connect to
the computer via the HDMI port.
8. Printer
Printers are another common form of output device. They are used to generate
hard copies of electronic data stored on a computer, most often text or images
onto paper. The first electronic printer to be invented was the EP-101, released
by the Japanese company Epson in 1968. Inkjet and laser printers are two of
the most common types of printer found today, with modern printers connecting
to the computer via the USB port or WI-FI. The rise of other technologies such as
email and data storage devices have somewhat diminished the importance of
printers in recent years.
13 | P a g e
9. USB Flash Drive
Also called a thumb drive, gig stick, flash stick, pen drive, USB stick, jump drive,
flash-drive, memory stick, or USB memory, the USB flash drive is a data storage
device that consists of flash memory with an integrated USB interface. Small and
light, USB storage drives are usually removable and rewritable. Since their
appearance in the year 2000, these storage devices have gradually increased
their storage capacity, while falling in price. They are commonly used for
transporting and transferring information and are durable, thanks to a lack of
moving parts.
10. External Hard Drive
External hard drives are input/output storage devices that usually connect to a
computer via USB. They hold relatively large amounts of data and plug and
play drive functionality enables them to be easily used with a variety of
different computers. There are two categories of external hard drives: portable
and desktop. Portable external drives are more compact, usually powered by
USB and designed for transportation, whereas the desktop version is usually
larger and needs external power bricks for power.
14 | P a g e
A word processing program is a software program that includes tools for
entering, editing, and formatting text and graphics. The electronic files you
create using Word are called documents. One of the benefits of using Word is
that document files can be stored in a variety of places on your computer, or in
the cloud using one drive, and easily shared with others via disks, emails, or
online file storage. Microsoft Word allows users to accomplish the following
tasks.
 Type and edit text.
 Copy and move text from one location to another in the document, or to
other documents.
 Format text and paragraphs with fonts, colors, pictures, tables, and many
other tools.
 Design pages for specific purposes- from personal letters to sophisticated
memos and reports.
 Enhance documents for readability with pictures, charts, graphics, etc.
 Use mail merge features to quickly and easily send customized
communications to customers.
 Share documents securely to others.
 Communicate clearly and professionally with others by using the built-in
tools of Word.
WHAT ARE STANDARD FEATURES OF WORD
PROCESSORS?
Word processors vary considerably, but all word processors, whether cloudbased or installed on a system, support the following basic features:
insert text: Allows you to insert text anywhere in the document.
delete text: Allows you to erase characters, words, lines, or pages.
cut and paste: Allows you to remove (cut) a section of text from one place in a
document and insert (paste) it somewhere else.
copy: Allows you to duplicate a section of text.
page size and margins: Allows you to define various page sizes and margins,
and the word processor will automatically readjust the text so that it fits.
15 | P a g e
search and replace: Allows you to direct the word processor to search for a
particular word or phrase. You can also direct the word processor to replace
one group of characters with another everywhere that the first group appears.
word wrap: Automatically moves to the next line when you have filled one line
with text, and it will readjust text if you change the margins.
print: Allows you to send a document to a printer to get hard copy.
file management: Provides file management capabilities that allow you to create,
delete, move, and search for files.
font specifications: Allows you to change fonts within a document. For example,
you can specify bold, italics, and underlining. Most word processors also let you
change the font size and even the typeface.
windows: Allows you to edit two or more documents at the same time. Each
document appears in a separate window. This is particularly valuable when
working on a large project that consists of several different files.
spell checking: Identifies words that don’t appear in a standard dictionary.
16 | P a g e