Page 1
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 1
220.10.10.0 / 26
220.10.10.64 / 27
Page 2
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 1
220.10.10.0 / 24
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
60 Hosts
220.10.10.0 / 26
220.10.10.64 / 26
220.10.10.128 / 26
220.10.10.192 / 26
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
•
0 1
•
1 0
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 27 Network bits - 5 Host bits - Magic Number = 32
28 Hosts
220.10.10.64 / 27
220.10.10.96 / 27
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Page 3
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 2
192.168.16.0 / 25
192.168.16.224 / 30
192.168.16.128 / 26
192.168.16.228 / 30
192.168.16.192 / 27
Page 4
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 2
192.168.16.0 / 24
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 - 25 Network bits - 7 Host bits - Magic Number = 128
120 Hosts
192.168.16.0 / 25
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
192.168.16.128 / 25
1
Subnet Mask:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
60 Hosts
192.168.16.128 / 26 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
192.168.16.192 / 26
1
Subnet Mask:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 27 Network bits - 5 Host bits - Magic Number = 32
20 Hosts
192.168.16.192 / 27 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
192.168.16.224 / 27
1
Subnet Mask:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 3 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
192.168.16.224 / 30 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 . 1 1 1 0 0
192.168.16.228 / 30
•
0 0
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
192.168.16.252 / 30 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 . 1 1 1 1 1
Subnet Mask:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0
1
1 0 0
1 0 0
Page 5
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 3
192.168.1.112 / 30
192.168.1.0 / 26
192.168.1.116 / 30
192.168.1.64 / 27
192.168.1.96 / 28
Page 6
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 3
192.168.1.0 / 24
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
55 Hosts
192.168.1.0 / 26
192.168.1.64 / 26
192.168.1.128 / 26
192.168.1.192 / 26
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
•
0 1
•
1 0
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 27 Network bits - 5 Host bits - Magic Number = 32
26 Hosts
192.168.1.64 / 27
192.168.1.96 / 27
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 28 Network bits - 4 Host bits - Magic Number = 16
12 Hosts
192.168.1.96 / 28
192.168.1.112 /28
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
192.168.1.112 / 30
192.168.1.116 / 30
192.168.1.120 / 30
192.168.1.124 / 30
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 1 1 1 1 0
•
0
•
1
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0
1
0
1 0 0
1 0 0
Page 7
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 4
195.109.74.80 / 30
195.109.74.0 / 28
195.109.74.88 / 30
195.109.74.84 / 30
195.109.74.16 / 28
195.109.74.32 / 28
195.109.74.48 / 28
195.109.74.64 / 28
Page 8
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 4
195.109.74.0 / 24
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 . 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 4 - 28 Network bits - 4 Host bits - Magic Number = 16
14 Hosts
14 Hosts
12 Hosts
10 Hosts
10 Hosts
195.109.74.0 / 28
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 . 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
195.109.74.16 / 28
•
0 0 0 1
195.109.74.32 / 28
•
0 0 1 0
195.109.74.48 / 28
•
0 0 1 1
195.109.74.64 / 28
•
0 1 0 0
195.109.74.80 / 28
•
0 1 0 1
195.109.74.96 / 28
•
0 1 1 0
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
195.109.74.240 / 28 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 . 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Subnet Mask:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
195.109.74.80 / 30
195.109.74.84 / 30
195.109.74.88 / 30
195.109.74.92 / 30
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 . 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 1 0 1 0
•
0
•
1
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 . 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0
1
0
1 0 0
1 0 0
Page 9
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 5
200.124.67.208 / 30
200.124.67.0 / 25
200.124.67.212 / 30
200.124.67.160 / 27
200.124.67.128 / 27
200.124.67.216 / 30
200.124.67.192 / 28
Page 10
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 5
200.124.67.0 / 24
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 - 25 Network bits - 7 Host bits - Magic Number = 128
112 Hosts
200.124.67.0 / 25
200.124.67.128 / 25
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 More - 27 Network bits - 5 Host bits - Magic Number = 32
30 Hosts
25 Hosts
200.124.67.128 / 27
200.124.67.160 / 27
200.124.67.192 / 27
200.124.67.224 / 27
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 1 0
•
0
•
1
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0
1
0
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 28 Network bits - 4 Host bits - Magic Number = 16
10 Hosts
200.124.67.192 / 28
200.124.67.208 / 28
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
200.124.67.208 / 30
200.124.67.212 / 30
200.124.67.216 / 30
200.124.67.220 / 30
Subnet Mask:
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 1 0 1 0
•
0
•
1
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0
1
0
1 0 0
1 0 0
Page 11
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 6
172.16.10.192 / 30
172.16.8.0 / 24
172.16.10.196 / 30
172.16.9.0 / 24
172.16.10.0 / 25
172.16.10.204 / 30
172.16.10.200 / 30
172.16.10.128 / 26
Page 12
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 6
172.16.8.0 / 22
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 - 24 Network bits - 8 Host bits - Magic Number = 256
210 Hosts
195 Hosts
172.16.8.0 / 24
172.16.9.0 / 24
172.16.10.0 / 24
172.16.11.0 / 24
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
•
0 1
•
•
1 0
•
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 25 Network bits - 7 Host bits - Magic Number = 128
95 Hosts
172.16.10.0 / 25
172.16.10.128 / 25
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
52 Hosts
172.16.10.128 / 26
172.16.10.192 / 26
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 4 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
172.16.10.192 / 30
172.16.10.196 / 30
172.16.10.200 / 30
172.16.10.204 / 30
•
•
172.16.10.252 / 30
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 1 1
•
•
•
•
•
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
•
•
1 1
1 1
0
0
1
1
0 0 0
1
0
1
1 1 0 0
1 1 0 0
Page 13
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 7
190.12.41.64 / 26
190.12.41.160 / 30
190.12.41.168 / 30
190.12.41.128 / 27
190.12.41.164 / 30
190.12.41.0 / 26
190.12.40.0 / 25
190.12.40.128 / 25
Page 14
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 7
190.12.40.0 / 23
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 - 25 Network bits - 7 Host bits - Magic Number = 128
125 Hosts
90 Hosts
190.12.40.0 / 25
190.12.40.128 / 25
190.12.41.0 / 25
190.12.41.128 / 25
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
•
0
•
1
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
.
.
.
.
.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
60 Hosts
50 Hosts
190.12.41.0 / 26
190.12.41.64 / 26
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 27 Network bits - 5 Host bits - Magic Number = 32
28 Hosts
190.12.41.128 / 27
190.12.41.160 / 27
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 3 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
190.12.41.160 / 30
190.12.41.164 / 30
190.12.41.168 / 30
190.12.41.172 / 30
•
•
190.12.41.252 / 30
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 . 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
•
0 0 1
•
0 1 0
•
0 1 1
•
•
•
•
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 . 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Page 15
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 8
134.14.11.192 / 30
134.14.11.0 / 25
134.14.11.196 / 30
134.14.11.200 / 30
134.14.8.0 / 23
134.14.10.0 / 24
134.14.11.128 / 26
Page 16
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 8
134.14.8.0 / 22
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 - 23 Network bits - 9 Host bits - Magic Number = 2
500 Hosts
134.14.8.0 / 23
134.14.10.0 / 23
Subnet Mask:
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 24 Network bits - 8 Host bits - Magic Number = 256
150 Hosts
134.14.10.0 / 24
134.14.11.0 / 24
Subnet Mask:
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 25 Network bits - 7 Host bits - Magic Number = 128
120 Hosts
134.14.11.0 / 25
134.14.11.128 / 25
Subnet Mask:
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
60 Hosts
134.14.11.128 / 26
134.14.11.192 / 26
Subnet Mask:
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Next Page
Page 17
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 8
Borrow 4 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
134.14.11.192 / 30
134.14.11.196 / 30
134.14.11.200 / 30
134.14.11.204 / 30
•
•
134.14.11.252 / 30
Subnet Mask:
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 1 1
•
•
•
•
•
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 . 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
•
•
1 1
1 1
0
0
1
1
0 0 0
1
0
1
1 1 0 0
1 1 0 0
Page 18
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 9
64.64.23.232 / 30
64.64.20.0 / 23
64.64.23.192 / 27
64.64.23.236 / 30
64.64.23.244 / 30
64.64.23.224 / 29
64.64.23.240 / 30
64.64.22.0 / 24
64.64.23.128 / 26
64.64.23.0 / 25
Page 19
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 9
64.64.20.0 / 22
Network:
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 - 23 Network bits - 9 Host bits - Magic Number = 2
420 Hosts
64.64.20.0 / 23
64.64.22.0 / 23
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 24 Network bits - 8 Host bits - Magic Number = 256
130 Hosts
64.64.22.0 / 24
64.64.23.0 / 24
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 25 Network bits - 7 Host bits - Magic Number = 128
100 Hosts
64.64.23.0 / 25
64.64.23.128 / 25
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
38 Hosts
64.64.23.128 / 26
64.64.23.192 / 26
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 27 Network bits - 5 Host bits - Magic Number = 32
28 Hosts
64.64.23.192 / 27
64.64.23.224 / 27
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Next Page
Page 20
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 9
Borrow 2 More - 29 Network bits - 3 Host bits - Magic Number = 8
6 Hosts
64.64.23.224 / 29
64.64.23.232 / 29
64.64.23.240 / 29
64.64.23.248 / 29
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 . 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
•
0 1
•
1 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 . 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
64.64.23.232 / 30
64.64.23.236 / 30
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 . 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
64.64.23.240 / 30
64.64.23.244 / 30
Subnet Mask:
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Page 21
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 10
160.59.140.0 / 25
160.59.128.0 / 21
160.59.138.0 / 24
160.59.140.208 / 30
160.59.140.212 / 30
160.59.140.216 / 30
160.59.136.0 / 23
160.59.140.128 / 26
160.59.139.0 / 24
160.59.140.192 / 28
Page 22
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 10
160.59.128.0 / 19
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 - 21 Network bits - 11 Host bits - Magic Number = 8
2000 Hosts
160.59.128.0 / 21
160.59.136.0 / 21
160.59.144.0 / 21
160.59.152.0 / 21
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
•
0 1
•
•
1 0
•
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 More - 23 Network bits - 9 Host bits - Magic Number = 2
500 Hosts
160.59.136.0 / 23
160.59.138.0 / 21
160.59.140.0 / 21
160.59.144.0 / 21
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 1
•
•
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1
0
0
1
1
1
0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
•
0
•
1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 24 Network bits - 8 Host bits - Magic Number = 256
230 Hosts
150 Hosts
160.59.138.0 / 24
160.59.139.0 / 24
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 1 More - 25 Network bits - 7 Host bits - Magic Number = 128
75 Hosts
160.59.140.0 / 25
160.59.140.128 / 25
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Next Page
Page 23
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 10
Borrow 1 More - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
45 Hosts
160.59.140.128 / 26
160.59.140.192 / 26
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 More - 28 Network bits - 4 Host bits - Magic Number = 16
14 Hosts
160.59.140.192 / 28
160.59.140.208 / 28
160.59.140.224 / 28
160.59.140.240 / 28
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 1
•
•
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1
0
0
1
1
1
0 0 0 0 0
1
0
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
Borrow 2 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
160.59.140.208 / 30
160.59.140.212 / 30
160.59.140.216 / 30
160.59.140.220 / 30
Subnet Mask:
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 1 0 1 0
•
0
•
1
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0
1
0
1 0 0
1 0 0
Page 24
VLSM Exercise # 11
137.24.48.0 / 23
137.24.51.16 / 30
137.24.51.0 / 30
137.24.50.224 / 27
137.24.50.192 / 27
137.24.51.12 / 30
137.24.50.128 / 26
137.24.51.4/ 30
137.24.51.8 / 30
137.24.50.0 / 25
Page 25
Solution - VLSM Exercise # 11
137.24.48.0 / 21
Network:
Subnet Mask:
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
.
.
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
.
.
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.
.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.
.
0
0
0
0
0
•
•
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.
0
0
•
•
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.
.
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Borrow 2 - 23 Network bits - 9 Host bits - Magic Number = 2
498 Hosts
137.24.48.0 / 23
137.24.50.0 / 23
137.24.52.0 / 23
137.24.54.0 / 23
Subnet Mask:
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
.
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
.
.
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
•
•
1
1
0
0
0
.
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
.
.
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
Borrow 2 More - 25 Network bits - 7 Host bits - Magic Number = 128
120 Hosts
137.24.50.0 / 25
137.24.50.128 / 25
137.24.51.0 / 25
137.24.51.128 / 25
Subnet Mask:
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
.
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
.
.
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
•
•
1
1
0
0
0
.
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
.
.
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
Borrow 1 More - 26 Network bits - 6 Host bits - Magic Number = 64
54 Hosts
137.24.50.128 / 26
137.24.50.192 / 26
Subnet Mask:
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
.
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
.
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
0
1
1
Borrow 1 More - 27 Network bits - 5 Host bits - Magic Number = 32
25 Hosts
20 Hosts
137.24.50.192 / 27
137.24.50.224 / 27
Subnet Mask:
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
.
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
.
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
1
Next Page
Page 26
Borrow 3 More - 30 Network bits - 2 Host bits - Magic Number = 4
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
2 Hosts
137.24.51.0 / 30
137.24.51.4 / 30
137.24.51.8 / 30
137.24.51.12 / 30
137.24.51.16 / 30
•
•
160.59.140.252 / 30
Subnet Mask:
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
.
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
.
.
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
1
1
0
0
0
.
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
.
.
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
.
.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
•
•
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
Page 27
Subnetting with VLSM Exercise Answers
A network administrator has the address range 192.168.12.0/24 to address the networks
shown.
1
How many bits are in the network part of the address and how many are in the host
part of the address? 24 in the network part (3 octets) and 8 in the host part.
2
How many networks need to be addressed? 5
3
Using older subnetting methods without VLSM, all the subnets need to be the same
size. How many bits would you need to borrow to have enough networks? 3
4
How many bits would be left in the host part? 5
5
How many hosts could you have on each network?
6
Can you address the networks without using VLSM? No
7
From now on you will use VLSM to address the networks.
How many hosts are in the largest network? 50
8
How many host bits do you need to address these hosts? 6
9
How many bits are available for borrowing? 2
10
What will the subnet mask be when you borrow these bits? /26 or 255.255.255.192
11
How many addresses are there on a network of this size? 64
12
How many of these addresses can be used for hosts? 62
13
How many subnets do you get if you borrow this number of bits? 4
14
What are the network addresses of these subnets?
192.168.12.0, 192.168.12.64, 192.168.12.128, 192.168.12.192
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1
15
Fill in the first row of the table on page 2, using the lowest numbered network address
and the name of your largest LAN
16
How many hosts will be needed on your second biggest LAN? 20
17
How many host bits do you need to address this number of hosts? 5
18
19
How many extra bits can you borrow, and how many bits are borrowed altogether?
1 more. 3 borrowed altogether.
What will the subnet mask be when you borrow these bits? /27 or 255.255.255.224
20
How many addresses are there on a network this size? 32
21
How many of these addresses can be used for hosts? 30
22
Start with the second network address that you listed in step 14. Enter your second
network into the table.
23
Now deal with your third LAN. Although your third LAN is smaller, consider using the
same subnet mask (and therefore number of hosts) as for your second LAN. This will
allow room for growth.
24
Now deal with the two point to point links. There will never be more than two hosts on
these links so you should use subnets that allow only two hosts.
Subnet
name
Centre
LAN
West LAN
East LAN
West link
East link
Subnet mask
Network
address
255.255.255.192 192.168.12.0
or /26
255.255.255.224 192.168.12.64
or /27
255.255.255.224 192.168.12.96
or /27
255.255.255.252 192.168.12.128
or /30
255.255.255.252 192.168.12.132
or /30
Broadcast
address
192.168.12.63
Host address
range
192.168.12.1 –
192.168.12.62
192.168.12.95
192.168.12.65 –
192.168.12.94
192.168.12.127 192.168.12.97 192.168.12.126
192.168.12.131 192.168.12.129 192.168.12.131
192.168.12.135 192.168.12.133 192.168.12.134
There is no single right answer. There are a lot of possible solutions.
SW
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