SCIENCE 9
3rd QUARTER
Module 3
Energy from the Volcanoes
https://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/geothermal-iceland
Date retrieved: 10/14/2020
Most Essential Learning Competencies
 Illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human use.
(S9ES-III-c-d-28)
To the Learner
This module was specially designed to help you understand and apply the
lesson objectives. Read and follow the simple instructions as your guide.
1. Set a conducive learning space at home so you can focus on your studies.
2. Seek assistance from your parents or guardian to guide you in doing the
activities.
3. Take down important concepts and list questions you would like to ask from
your teacher.
4. Reflect and apply the concepts that you have learned.
The Writer
Expectations
This module was created to help you engage in a guided and independent
learning activities to further understand your lesson about the energy from
volcanoes that maybe tapped for human use. It consists of activities that are
designed for you to visualize the massive energy from the volcanoes and their
potential use. At the end of this module it is expected that you:
1. Describe the type of energy coming from the volcanoes.
2. Identify the types of volcanoes which can be good sources of geothermal energy.
3. Identify volcanoes in the Philippines which are sources of geothermal energy.
4. Create a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow in a geothermal
power plant.
2
Pretest
Direction: Read the question carefully . Write the letter of the correct answer on the space
provided before the number.
_______1. A volcano is a vent or fissure in the planet’s crust through which lava, ash,
rock, and gases erupt. What do you call the heat from the Earth’s interior which could
be tapped as a source of energy?
A. Geothermal energy
C. Solar energy
B. Hydroelectric energy
D. Wind energy
_______2. Magma is a molten rock that can be found under the Earth’s surface which
is used to produce steam to generate electricity. What kind of power plant is built to
harness this type of energy?
A. Geothermal power plant
C. Hydroelectric power plant
B. Geoelectric power plant
D. Hydrothermal power plant
_______3. The United States of America is the world’s largest producer of geothermal
energy. Which country is the third-largest producer of geothermal energy in the world?
A. Indonesia
B. Malaysia C. Philippines
D. Vietnam
_______4. All of the statements explain why the country has produced more electricity
from the volcanoes. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
A. The Philippines has many active volcanoes.
B. The Philippines belong to the Pacific Ring of Fire.
C. The Philippines has successfully produced 14.4% of its electricity from
geothermal power plant.
D. The Philippines discovered the most efficient way of producing electricity from a
geothermal power plant.
_______5. There are steps to follow in order to generate electricity from a geothermal
power plant. What is the best arrangement of these steps?
I. Cooling tower cools the steam which condenses back to water.
II. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process
again.
III. Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the
surface.
IV. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that
produces electricity.
V. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the
water to turn into steam.
a.
b.
c.
d.
III, V, IV, I, and II
III, IV, V, II, and I
IV, III, I, II, and V
I, II, III, IV, and V
3
Looking Back: Volcano-logy
Direction: Identify the word/s that is being described in the box.
WORDBANK
-Higher Temperature -Chemical Composition -Amount of Dissolved Gases
-Magma’s Temperature -Lower Temperature
-Strombolian
-Plinian
-Magma
-Viscosity
-Phreatic
1.
The extremely hot, molten rock located under the Earth’s surface.
Primary factors affecting volcanoes’ eruptive style
are:
2.
3.
The kind of
volcanic eruption
is affected by
magma’s heat
The different
amount of
chemicals such as
silica or SiO2 and
water in magma
4.
The amount of gases
contained in magma
where increases its
ability to flow.
5.
The property of material’s resistance to flow (thickness or stickiness of liquid).
6.
The Lower the
viscosity, the
______of magma.
The temperature of the
magma affects the
viscosity:
7.
The higher the
viscosity, the
______of magma.
Types of Volcanic
Eruptions
The type of eruption depending on the magma’s water
content.
8.
Stream-driven
eruption as hot
rocks come in
contact with
water.
9.
Periodic weak to
violent eruption
characterized by
fountain of lava.
10.
Excessively
explosive type of
eruption of gas
and pyroclastic.
4
Brief Introduction
Since our country is located at the pacific ring of fire with more
than a hundred volcanoes, energy has been tapped from them. Philippines
has ranked third in the world’s production of geothermal energy and
14.4% percent of country’s total electricity production comes from this.
Geothermal Energy is the heat stored coming from the Earth’s interior. This
heat warms water which is trapped in rock formations beneath its surface.
Energy from the Earth can be harnessed using geothermal power plants and
geothermal heat pumps. Geothermal power plants use heat from deep inside of the
Earth to produce steam and generate electricity while geothermal heat pumps taps
heat close to the Earth’s surface to heat water or provide heat for buildings.
The Geothermal power plants used to
generate electricity in our country are:
1. Tiwi (Albay)
2. Kidapawan (North Cotabato)
3. Calaca (Laguna)
4. Tongonan (Leyte)
5. Bago City (Negros Occidental)
6. Valencia (Negros Oriental)
7. Bacon (Sorsogon)
Geothermal energy needs to be
extracted from a geothermal reservoir which
requires the following elements:
a heat source or the magma located deep
beneath the earth’s crust; a reservoir made
of permeable rock for holding water; a
caprock which serves as a seal and prevents water and steam from escaping; and
water which serves as a medium for transporting the heat to the surface.
These are the steps in order to generate electricity in a geothermal
power plant.
1. Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the water to
turn into steam.
3. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces
electricity.
4. Cooling tower cools the steam which condenses back to water.
5. The
cooled water
is
pumped back
into
the Earth to
begin
the process
again.
Figure 2: Geothermal Power Plant
https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/
solutions/technologies/geothermal.html
5
Activity 1: Geo-What?
Objective: Describe the type of energy coming from the volcanoes.
Direction: Match column A to column B to describe the energy coming from
the volcanoes.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Column A
The heat from the interior of the earth
which can be harvested.
The heat which produces steam and
generates electricity.
Heat close to Earth’s surface can be tapped
to warm water and provide heat for the
buildings.
Energy from the volcanoes is extracted in
this place.
The kind of power generated by the heat
From the interior of the earth.
Column B
a. Geothermal Power
b. Geothermal Energy
c. Geothermal Reservoir
d. Geothermal Heat Pump
e. Geothermal Power Plant
Activity 2: Geo-Source
Objective: Identify the characteristics of a volcano which can be a good source
of geothermal energy.
Direction: Choose four (4) materials that makes a volcano a good source of
geothermal energy. Explain your answer on the space provided.
.Guide Question:
1. What makes a volcano a good geothermal energy source? Explain your
answer.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6
Activity 3: Geo-Locate
Objective: Find the location of the
geothermal power plants in the Philippines.
Procedure: Locate the geothermal power
plants in the Philippines using the map.
Use the arrows as a guide and name the
location of the powerplant.
Guide Questions:
1. What are the different geothermal
power plants you found in the
picture?
__________________________________
__________________________________
2. What made them a good source of geothermal energy?
______________________________________________________________________________
Activity 4: Geo-Draw
Objectives: Illustrate a geothermal power plant
Procedure: Draw a geothermal power plant using the pictures on the right and answer
the guide question that follows.
Guide Questions:
1. What are the parts of a geothermal power plant?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. How is geothermal energy can be harvested from the powerplant?
______________________________________________________________________________
3. Is harvesting energy from the volcanoes important? Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________________________
7
Check Your Understanding
Direction: Complete the concept map about the energy from the volcanoes.
Remember
Geothermal energy is the energy coming from the
Earth’s interior. It can be harvested using geothermal heat
pumps and geothermal power plant. The country has a
number of geothermal power plants that supplies the 14.4%
of electricity it needs.
Geothermal energy needs to be extracted from a
geothermal reservoir which requires the following elements:
a heat source or the magma located deep beneath the
earth’s crust; a reservoir made of permeable rock for holding
water; a caprock which serves as a seal and prevents water
and steam from escaping; and water which serves as a medium for transporting the
heat to the surface.
In order to generate electricity from volcanoes, wells are drilled deep into the
Earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface. Then, when the water reaches the
surface, the drop in pressure causes the water to turn into steam. This will spin a
turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces electricity. Next, cooling
tower cools the steam which condenses back to water. Lastly, the cooled water is
pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.
8
Post Test
Direction: Read and understand the questions below. Write the letter of the best
answer on the space provided before the number.
_______1. The heat from the Earth’s interior could be tapped as a source of energy.
What is a type of power plant that is built near the volcanoes in order to harvest
electrical energy from it?
A. Geothermal energy
C. Solar energy
B. Hydroelectric energy
D. Wind energy
_______2. Electrical energy of the Philippines is mostly produced from coal and fossil
fuel and only 14.4% is produced from geothermal power plant. Which of the following
sources of energy is way cheaper?
A. Coal
C. Hydropower
B. Geothermal
D. Natural Gas
_______3. All of the following are places that have built a functional geothermal power
plant as an energy source. Which of the following geothermal power plant are NOT
found in Luzon?
a. Calaca, Laguna
c. Bacon, Sorsogon
b. Tiwi, Albay
d. Tongonan, Leyte
_______4. In order to harvest energy from the volcanoes, a geothermal power plant
must be built. What is the first step in producing a geothermal energy?
a. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.
b. Wells are drilled deep into the Earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface.
c. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces
electricity.
d. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the water to
turn into steam.
_______5. According to Philippine energy market, the energy source of the country is
composed of coal (47%), natural gas (22%), renewable energy (hydro, geothermal,
wind, solar) (24%), and oil-based (6.2%) with current energy capacity at 23GW. Based
from this, which energy source provides second-most energy supply in the country?
a. Coal
c. Natural Gas
b. Oil-based
d. Renewable sources
9
Reflection
Direction: Reflect on what you have learned about energy from the volcanoes. Write
your answers on the space provided.
Write three (3) key concept and its meaning based on this module:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
In your own words finish the sentences based on your understanding:
I can describe geothermal energy as _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
I can define geothermal power plant as_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
I can use these concepts in__________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
10