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50.0
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Normalized Frequency
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50.0
25.0
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100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
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300.0
350.0
400.0
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6.0
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EG8 ^ [nwªC9<\MP8HQBg>E+[WE T Yv`>I<Cp\48 T Q IJ8 T QÇç T QBSWwªcNQBSnI T C:QÇC:9<I<`NCf:CHÊ
QB8:K T IZX:M%E+[¹So8HQÇYvK T f` I<KqX§\pCPg T wªX à Ý_^vÞnMBY<So8HK T QBfe[“8:Sa` ] š@Ý7^vÞ T QBg T Ê
^PT gNcB8HKqK_X4dPLX ceÐWC:9 j/Ð:?yxG`N[¹9<[“YvcBK˜I T QNfpYJS]8HKq[og%Ê U =N=N=2YvcN\p\p[og
ç T QBS¹wªcNQbSŽI T C:QY T fQB8HK T YGf Tq^ [oQÇ8Y
Ý vÞ
ã 7^ G`
0
10
-1
-2
10
SER
È
-3
10
ÉJ = 1, W = 19
ÉJ = 1, W = 20
ÉJ = 2, W = 19
ÉJ = 2, W = 7
10
Æ
-15.0
Ç
-10.0
-5.0
0.0
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Ÿ¡
.
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¸ _”'r'b ] š 7^ $e
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Ð r b ?2xG` T Y/9<[“8HK T ç“8FI T CQ\48H;[oY ã _Ý ^vÞ­YvI<9 T SnI<KqXdB8:QBg%K T \ T I<[“g@?
V q9×%q}iBq 8:QBg T QNf V ͙?uÝZГäÞ T Q IJC
Þ `Øä šŸ3¢ v ¸b7Ý ”‘r b ÞnÎ Z š = T QBS ݟê b _Ý ^jl”'r b ÞvÞ ÝZЈÞ
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8HQbg§IJ`N[ T 9tYvI<9 T SnI<KqX§dB8HQbg%K T \ T IJ[ogiN9JC:i™[]9<IZX§8H9J[­\48 T QIa8 T QN[ogl?
ËtYÇE T IJ`Ûç T QBS&gN8HIJ8ÜY T f:QB8:KqYoMDE+[9J[oS]C:fQ T ço[I<`b8FI T Q$iN9J8SŽÊ
I T Sn[­E T QBg%CFE+[og>ç T QBSWwªcNQBSnI T C:QBYGE T K_K´db[­cBY<[og@Mb8HQBg>[n×%iN9J[oYJY}I<`N[
YJS]8HKq[og%Ê U =N=N=2E T Qbg%CFE}[“g2ç T QbS/Y T f:QB8:Kl8:Y
10
-4
š¢
Ý vÞ
ãå _^ G`
Ç
5.0
10.0
SNR (dB)
Æ
15.0
Ç
20.0
Æ
25.0
÷N,.ø–ù¦1UúªÚ¦úÛ'ϑd6oŸþø)0‘ÐAÌ d’&ÑZø13˜?ŸF¥ý¹ý *8 C6̑¬1.AÒ#}Ó "Ô &#'=?<AܬƒC>BÀøC)¦Íþu¥þuoý øÑZ<Aý Ÿ:ø/}Õ ný ’)
š¢
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xzC T Q ^ [oYvI T f8HI<[4IJ`N[ÇSa`b8H9a8:SŽIJ[]9 T YvI T S]Y CHwuI<`B[ÇYJS]8:K_[“gPÊ U =N=N=Y T fHÊ
QB8:KbE T I<`>E T QBgNCFE}[“g4ç T QBSuwªcBQBSŽI T CQBY+E}[¹8Hf8 T Q4cbYv[¹äFÊRå}=%æç T QBS
wªcNQBSnI T C:QBYo?¹ORQØ T fb?­ÕNMbE+[¨iBK_C:IWIJ[]\pibC9J8:KzEG8 ^ []wªC:9J\4Y]M ã å _Ý ^vÞnM
E T I<`&dB8HcBg T Q IJ[]9 ^ 8:K r'ç‚`ˆÐ q}q r'b wªC9 4`ˆÐ:M@Eu`N[o9<[¨I<`N[pE T Q%Ê
g%CFEãY T ç][2E+8Y Yv[]I¨8F‚I »è` Ð q 8:QBE
g »é`ÌÒ ?Ç= T \ T KL8H9JKqX:M¥E}[
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EG8:Y­Yv[]I 8F¹I »ê`ÌÐ q 8HQBIg »ê`ãÒ q ?¨ORQI<` T Y¹àBfcN9<[M±I<`N[§gB8FIJ8
Sa`B8:QNf:[“Y¨YvIJ8FIJ[>8HI4Ò q}q r'bFM·dNc%I T YQNC:IeQNC:I T S]8HdBK_[?&xG`N[SnC9<9J[nÊ
Y<ibCQBg T QNf2Y<ib[“SŽI<9a8HK¥Sa`B8H9a8:SnI<[o9 T YZI T SoYGcBY T QNf ã'å 7Ý ^vÞDC ^ []9/Ð q9q}q r‘b
8H9J[iNK_C:IvIJ[og T QÏØ T fb?4ÖNMlEu`N[o9<‚[ ë b `)Ò i´ê b T Y­[oÍ cB8HK¡IJCcNQ T IZX:?
m}C:\piB8:9 T QNf2I<`N[“Yv[4Y<ib[“SŽI<9a8>I<C>I<`NC Yv[4Y<`NCFEuQ T QÏØ T fB?>ÐݟSoގM´E}[
C:dbYv[o9 ^ [+8¹YviBKq8HIvI<[o9y[ W [oSnI·g%cN[+I<C¹I<`B[uE T QBgNCFE T QNfb?zËÍ cB8:QI T Ia8FÊ
I Tq^ [uS]C:\piB8H9 T YvCQ T Yyf Tq^ [oQ T Q4xz8:dNK_[GO¥Eu` T Sa`Y<`NCFEDY¥I<`B[u9J8HI T CWC:w
T Q%ʊdb8HQBg4[oQN[]9Jf:XIJCeY<iNKq8HIvIJ[]9+[]QN[o9<fXewªC9·IJ`N[­Y<So8HKq[ogPÊ U =B=N=pç T QBS
EG8 ^ [nwªC9<\4Y¥wªC9 ^ 8H9 T CcBY ^ 8:K_cN[“YkC:¬w 8:QBÎg »1E T I<` r ç `(Ð q9q r b ?
= T \ T KL8H9¥9<[“YvcBK˜IaY¥8:9<[kwªC:cNQBg wªC:9ySnKL8:YJY T So8HK U =N=N=¨ç T QBS·E+8 ^ [nwªC:9J\4Y]M
dNc%ID\pC9<[­[]QB[]9Jf:X T YDY<So8FI<I<[]9J[og>C:cNIGC:w¥db8HQBg T QÇIJ` T YtS]8:Y<[:?
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ß []QN[o9 T S]8:K_KqX:M%7cNK_I T iNK T So8FI T_^ [¨=PiN9J[o8:gÇ=Pi™[oSŽIJ9<cB\ Ý 7=B=NÞ+[]\Ê
iNKqCFX%Y/8QB8H9J9<CFEudb8HQBgd T i™C:KL8H9§Ý ÞeГޭgN8HIJ8Y T f:Qb8HKŠM.¸™Ý_^vގM¡8HQbg&8
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8HQPXeÉv8H\p\ T QBf2Y T f:Qb8HKlE T K_K¥d™[eY<iN9<[“8:gÇC ^ [o9D84E T g%[¨dB8:QBg%E T gPI<`
8FwIJ[]9e\¨cNK_I T iNK T So8FI T C:Q d X _Ý ^vÞ T QIJ`N[29J[oS][ Tq^ [o9o?7CYvI¨C:wuI<`N[
Év8H\p\ T QNfQNC T Y<[>i™CFE}[o94E ž T á KqKud™[[]K T \ T QB8FIJ[ogÜdPXI<`N[\48FIaSa`N[og
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ç T QBS¹wªcNQbSŽI T C:Q´?yORQ>IJ` T YDS]8Yv[MPI<`N[­IJ9J8:QBYv\ T IvIJ[ogÇY T f:QB8:K T Y
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(Classical Filtered PN Coded DSSS: Td = 100Tc
)Scaled Windowed Zinc DSSS: W = 20 Td = 100Tz, J = 1
J = 1, W = 10
J = 1, W = 20
2.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
10
0
-1
10
0.0
0.0
-1.0
-1.0
-2
'

-2.0
190.0

195.0
200.0

205.0
t/Tz
210.0

-2.0
190.0

195.0
200.0

205.0
t/Tz
210.0
-3
10
J = 2, W = 10
BER
10
J = 2, W = 20
2.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
-4
10
%
-40.0
-1.0


195.0
200.0

205.0
t/Tz
210.0

-2.0
190.0

195.0
200.0
210.0
÷Nø–ù¦ú7“#ú/3d%':–)ý ><AF¬ÐA$Šý7Î>´ÓøÍ@ûý ®?Ó =?Ô <A@'CB C)¦þuþuý +D:ø/÷5) Ÿø/
300.0
200.0
200.0
100.0
100.0
Š
-3.0
‹
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Š
0.0
-4.0
Radian Frequency
-3.0
‹
-2.0
300.0
200.0
200.0
100.0
100.0
-3.0
‹
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
J = 2, W = 20
300.0
Š
-1.0
2.0
Radian Frequency
3.0
4.0
Š
0.0
-4.0
-3.0
‹
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
%
&
-15.0
%
-10.0
-5.0
š¢
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Ÿ3
v
@Ý vÞ
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8FItI<`N[/IJ9J8:QBY<\ T IvIJ[]9t8:QBg8FItI<`N[ 9J[oS][ Tq^ [o9oM%E+[¨8H9J[/9J[o8:g T KqX28HdBK_[
I<C2f:[]QB[]9a8FI<[+ž æ Ý7^vގ?DxG`N[¨QNC T Yv[­IJ[]9J\á8HIDI<`B[¨g%[nIJ[oSnI<C:9WC:c%IJiNc%I T Y
wªC:cBQBg>I<Cpdb[ 8pço[]9JCe\p[“8HQ ß 8HcBYJY T 8HQÇ9a8HQBg%C\ ^ 8H9 T 8:dNKq[:?
xG`N[&î T I V 9<9JC:92rt8FI<[5Ý î V rtÞ ^ []9aYvcBYÇ=%Atr SncN9 ^ [“Y§f[]QN[o9vÊ
8FIJ[ogwªC:9eY<So8HKq[ogÏ8HQBgÏS]Kq8Y<Y T So8HKyç T QBS U =N=B=Ï8H9J[4QN[o8:9<KqX T g%[]Q I T Ê
S]8:KŸ?>xG`N[2Y<iN9<[“8:g T QNfY T fQB8HKycBY<[og&EG8:Y äHʂå+=%æ)ç T QBS4wªcNQBSŽI T CQBY
E T QBg%CFE+[ogI<ÄC » `áÐ q 8HQBE
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xG`N[ db8HcBg T Q I<[]9 ^ 8HKlEG8:YtYv[]IDI<C r ç ` q Ð q9q r b h? × T IJ`I<` T YtdB8HcBg
9a8FI<[M@ib[o9vwªC9<\48:QBSn[E+8YWwªC:cNQBgI<Cd™[49<[oKq8HI Tq^ [oK_X T QBg%[]i™[]Qbg%[]Q I
CHw¹I<`B[ T Q IJ9J8:ç T QBSg%[]KL8¦X:ƒM 'r b ?ËDQ T QBSn9J[o8Yv[CHw­E T QBg%CFE Y T ç][
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Ò M gN8FIa8­d T IJY·8:9<[Gf T_^ []Q T Q§Ø T fBG? YtwªC:9·S]Kq8Y<Y T S]8HKPàbK˜IJ[]9J[ogpå·A
U q =Nq9=Nq}=±q MbEu`N[]9J[­I<`N[eSa` T i T Q I<[]9 ^ 8HK r § E+8YuYv[]It[oÍ cB8:K@I<SC r b MB8HQBg
wªC:9DYJS]8:K_[“g2E T QBg%CFE+[og>ç T QBS U =N=N=ÇE T I<®` »¿`$Ò q 8HQbÄg ®`âÐ?
xG`N[SnKL8:YJY T S]8:Kå}A U =N=N= Y T f:Qb8HKpcBY<[oYϯ
8 ÞeÐÜd T QB8H9JXâå·A
Y<[oÍ cN[]QbSn[>8:QBg89<[“SŽIJ8:QNf:cBKq8:9eY<iN9<[“8:g T QNfSa` T iNi T QNfE+8 ^ [nwªC9<\
E T I<`cNQ T IZX58H\piNK T IJcBg%[8:QBgg%cN9a8FI T C|
Q r§®` r‘b:?âxG`N[ءءx
\48HfQ T IJcBg%[­Yvi™[oSnI<9JcN\)CHw@IJ`N[¹cNQ%àBK_I<[o9<[“g2å·ASnC%g%[“g U =N=N=±MPcBYvÊ
T QNfÐ Sa` T iBYoM@E T IJ¥` r ç `ïÐ q r § T Y/Yv`NCFEuQ T QÏØ T fb?¨äNMlE T I<`
돧`|q}5Ò q9i.q 5r'§¹Y<[nI­I<CÇcNQ T IZX:?ËDKLq}YvC
Y<`NCFEuQ T Q&Ø T fB?¨ä T YtIJ`N[4å·A
=U N=N=Y<ib[“SŽI<9JcN\á8FwI<[o9GI<`N[­wª9JC:Q I<ʊ[oQBg2KqCFEÛib8:YJY+àBK˜IJ[]9“?·= T \ T KL8H9
I<C/ç T QbS U =N=B=pg%[nIJ[oSŽI T CQlMHIJ`N[uC:9 T f T QB8HKPd T QB8H9JXegB8FIJ8¹EG8:Y¡9J[oS]C ^ Ê
[]9J[og d X­\ecNK˜I T iBK_X T QNfWdPX¹I<`B[ ÞeÐ+å·A Y<[oÍ cN[oQBSn[+8HQBg T Q I<[of:9a8FI T QNf
Radian Frequency
J = 2, W = 10
0.0
-4.0
ž æ _^ ˜`
J = 1, W = 20
300.0
0.0
-4.0
Ý vÞ
J = 1, W = 10
&
-25.0
-20.0
SNR (dB)
+* % ¬Ì ’13? >"%‘Ì‘1.#3 ’)˜,.1¥"-F¬Í ’!Ü. L ( ) *>,. 
205.0
t/Tz
%
-30.0
÷Nø–ù¦¦ú ø Šoý ú ±ø Šø Žø Šý Šý
ný
´ø ¦ø Ÿø ný
àBK_I<[o9<[“gÇI<C>ê b 8FIWI<`N[¨gN[]\pC%g%cNKL8FI<C9o?uxG`N[¨C:9 T f T QB8:K´gN8HIJ8 T YD9J[nÊ
SnC ^ []9J[og d X \¨cNK_I T iNKqX T QNf&I<`B[9<[“Sn[ Tq^ [“gY T f:QB8:K+E T I<` æ Ý7^vÞp8HQBg
T QIJ[]f9J8HI T QNf¨IJ`N[/iN9JC%g%cBSŽIDC ^ []9+I<`B[/dB8HcBg T QIJ[]9 ^ 8HKŠM%Eu`Nž []9J[
-1.0
-2.0
190.0
&
-35.0
Radian Frequency
÷NC)¦ø–ù¦þuú!þu“ú¨ý ƒ÷BD:÷Nøü#y"!÷5a)ù¦ø Šø)¦ý¬:/ ]ÿ:ý $7’#)¦/þE3ª%'C)>–ýCÐA$<_F¬Ÿý7&´>Ó øÍû@ý?XÓ9Ô =?<A@'B
Õ
,
-
Unfiltered PN Coded DSSS
Filtered PN Coded DSSS
500.0
500.0
400.0
400.0
300.0
300.0
200.0
200.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
-3.0
‹
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
Radian Frequency
2.0
3.0
0.0
-3.0
‹
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
Radian Frequency
÷N%'ø–ù¦)ú}ƒ=“úÐAdŸ÷Bý ÷Nü.´"!Ó aù¦ø û)¦?Óý/ oÿHý ’)“þ© @‘,l‘C¦ý ôF¬!oø–ù58/5
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