I. VOCABULARY
Use the glossary: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SxdFgY51u1oIkvYXOcuYdovVj-pUfBZ/view
Carbon:
an element present in all living things and forms a huge range of
compounds with other elements
Fossil Fuel:
fuels which are the fossilized remains of plants or animals, such as
coal, oil and gas
Petrol:
volatile mixture of mainly hydrocarbons used as a fuel
Diesel Oil:
fuel for diesel engines, traditionally obtained from crude oil but other
forms such as biodiesel have been developed
Refine:
the refining process turns crude oil into usable forms such as petrol
II. ANSWER THE QUESTION
1. What organisms make up fossil fuels?
Marine plants and animals
2. What role does sediment play in petroleum formation?
Sedimentary rock is important to the energy sector because this is the
type of rock that forms fossil fuels
3. What is kerogen?
Kerogen is solid, insoluble organic matter in sedimentary rocks.
4. How does oil get trapped so that we can drill to it?
Oil and gas can get trapped in pockets underground such as where the
rocks are folded into an umbrella shape. ... When they met a layer of cap
rock (a rock with no spaces between the grains) the oil and gas are
trapped
5. How do we find oil?
On land, oil can be drilled with an apparatus called an oil rig or drilling
rig
6. How do we get the oil out of the ground?
A drill bit is sent down into the cracks until oil is detected then it is
pumped out of the ground into storage tanks
7. Why is drilling mud pumped down the pipe?
The drilling mud also helps to avoid the collapse of unstable layers into
the hole and the entrance of water from any water-bearing layers that
may be encountered
8. What are cuttings?
toxic excess that contain significant amounts of oil.
9. What does the pumping unit do?
The pumping unit is the mechanism that converts the rotary motion of the
prime mover into the reciprocating vertical movement required at the
polished rod.
10. What happens at the refinery? What does fractional distillation produce?
Petroleum refineries change crude oil into petroleum products for use as
fuels for transportation, heating, paving roads, and generating electricity
and as feedstocks for making chemicals
Distilation produces liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, and highly
concentrated argon.
11. What are petrochemicals used for?
It is used in the production of plastics, fibers, and synthetic rubber
12. What other products are made from oil?
Makeup, plastic, toothpaste, soap
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