Cover
Report number: HE 99.004 Rev. 1
OIL PRODUCTS BUSINESS: HEALTH HAZARD INVENTORY
Using this document
This document comprises a number of spread sheets. Please read the worksheets entitled 'Intro'
and 'Using the inventory' for a summary of the purpose of this document, an overview of its contents
and its application.
Author:
SIL Health Services: S.A. Margary, HE/2
Contributors:
SIL Health Services specialists
SIPC Oil Products Corporate HSE Adviser; OP Business HSE focal points
N.B. Further guidance may be obtained from SIL-Health Services Advisers
The copyright in this document (or software) is vested in Shell International Limited. All rights
reserved. Neither the whole nor any part of this document (or software) may be reproduced, stored in
any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical,
reprographic, recording or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the copyright owner.
* SHELL INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, LONDON, April 2002
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Intro
OIL PRODUCTS BUSINESS: HEALTH HAZARD INVENTORY
INTRODUCTION
Risk assessment is an essential element of the Group Procedure for an HSE Management System (ref 1). It
can take several forms. Overall risk levels of activities have to be assessed as part of the ‘Policy and
Strategic Objectives’ element of the Group Procedure. This process leads to the identification of ‘HSE critical’
operations and installations which require a fully documented demonstration that risks have been managed to
levels which are ‘as low as reasonably practicable’ (ALARP) as part of the ‘Hazard and Effect Management
Process’ (HEMP) element of the Group Procedure. Whatever the objective, risk assessment always involves
the ‘identification’ and ‘assessment’ of HSE risks so that appropriate ‘control’ and ‘recovery’ measures are
selected for their management.
Risk assessment is further described in the Risk Assessment Matrix (ref 2) Yellow Guide. This includes a
Group standard risk assessment matrix with overlays to allow risks to be categorised as low, medium or high.
The Yellow Guide also gives additional guidance on other applications of the Risk Assessment Matrix, for
which different overlays are available.
Experience to date has shown that the inclusion of health risks in these processes is often not given
appropriate priority by OUs or not included at all. This inventory has been compiled to assist OUs in
identifying those health hazards (and therefore potential health risks) relevant to their operations,
assigning Consequence Categories as an indicator of the potential for harm to people to assist in the
assessment of risk, and providing a list of recommended guidance documents on exposure controls
and control standards.
These data are also key inputs to Health Risk Assessment (ref 3 and ref 4) (HRA). HRA is the process by
which health risks are addressed as part of HEMP within the HSE-MS of an Operating Unit and should cover
all physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychological health hazards associated with work. In
addition, all activities within the scope of the HSE-MS of an OU should be subject to HRA regardless of
whether they are considered HSE Critical. It is important to note that, HRA is sometimes mistakenly seen to
be the sole responsibility of health professionals; whilst health professionals certainly have a valuable role to
play, HRA is a line responsibility, and this guide is intended to help line managers with this important element
of HSE-MS implementation.
1. Group Procedure for an HSE Management System March 1997 (for additional detail, see SHSE Panel
Yellow Guide: Health Safety and Environment Management System, 1994)
2. SHSE Panel: Risk Assessment Matrix, 1999 (rev)
3. SHSE Panel: Health Risk Assessment, July 2001
4. SHSE Panel: Minimum Health Management Standards, July 2001
Further advice and guidance on health matters is available from Occupational Health specialists in SILHealth Services (HE/2), based in London and The Hague.
Contacts: G. de Jong (Occupational Physician), Alison Margary (Occupational Hygienist), Harrie Rensink
(Human Factors Engineer)
For more general guidance on the implementation of HSE MS in Oil Products, contact the OP HSE MS
implementation adviser, OXXM, based in London, who sponsored the preparation of this guide.
Document Owner
Roger Ellmore, SIPC-OXXM
Document Custodian
Alison Margary, SIL HE/2
Document History
1st issue: March 1999; Rev 1 issue: April 2002
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Intro
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Using the Inventory
USING THE INVENTORY
OUs should review each section of the inventory to assist in identifying health hazards (and
therefore potential health risks) relevant to their operations. It should be noted that it is not
practical for the inventory to be an exhaustive list of all health hazards, and OUs should be alert to
other hazards present in their operations.
The inventory includes:- a list of health hazards and possible sources of relevance to the Oil Products Business
covering the full spectrum: chemical, physical, biological, ergonomic, psychological, lifestyle and
those associated with the living environment. It may be used as a checklist to ensure that all
relevant health hazards and, therefore, potential health risks have been identified by the OU;
- a summary of the ill health effects, including acute (short term) and/or chronic (long term),
relevant to each health hazard and associated Consequence Category in terms of ‘harm to
people’ to describe the nature and severity of the hazard. The Consequence Category (also
known as the Hazard Rating) is used to assess the risk to the business (by application in the Risk
Assessment Matrix), or to the individual (as part of Health Risk Assessment);
- a list of selected recommended references to assist in identifying exposure controls and
control standards for the health hazards to reduce the risk to ALARP (As low As Reasonably
Practicable). This guidance is divided into primary (P) and secondary (S) references. In selecting
the appropriate reference it should be noted that guidance may change and users should ensure
that they have current information relevant to their operations. Additionally, OUs may have other
local statutory requirements and supporting guidance which should be complied with. The Author
of the inventory (see cover) will be pleased to hear of other appropriate references.
Assistance in obtaining referenced documents is available via SIL-Health Services Library, HE/6
CONTENTS
The inventory is divided by health hazard group. Each group comprises a number of
spreadsheets, as follows:Tables 1 a and b 'Phys': Physical agents
Tables 2 a and b 'Bio': Biological agents
Tables 3 a and b 'Erg': Ergonomic (human) factors
Tables 4 a and b 'Psych': Psychological factors
Tables 5 a and b 'Lifestyle': Lifestyle factors
Tables 6 a and b 'Living env': Living environment (Public Health) factors
Tables 7 a, b, c and d 'Chem': Chemical agents.
Note: A separate Table 7a giving examples of chemical agents has been prepared for each of the OP
activities as follows: Manufacturing; Distribution (including bitumen); Road Transport; Aviation; LPG bottling
and reconditioning; Luboil/Grease Blending, Retail, Marine and Shipping.
Each group of Tables includes the following information:- a list of health hazards relevant to the Oil Products Business
- examples of situations or activities in which the health hazards may occur
- the potential acute and/or chronic consequences (harmful health effects) in case of over
exposure to the health hazard
- the Hazard Rating (Consequence Category - harm to people) appropriate to the severity of the
hazard, classified by acute and chronic exposure. Appendix 1 gives the Hazard Rating definitions.
- recommended references for use in the determination of exposure control measures in order to
reduce risk to health to ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable).
Appendix 2 provides a general list of references common to all health hazards. Acronyms used
are explained in Appendix 3.
APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Definitions for Hazard Ratings (Consequence Categories - harm to people)
Appendix 2: Selected general references applicable to the inventory as a whole
Appendix 3: List of organisations, associated acronyms and contact addresses referenced in the
Rev 1 HE99.004
Products
Health
Hazard Inventory
inventory. As far as possible,
web sites Oil
have
also been
included.
Further advice and guidance on health matters, including training in Health Risk Assessment,
reduce risk to health to ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable).
Appendix 2 provides a general list of references common to all health hazards. Acronyms used
are explained in Appendix 3.
Using the Inventory
APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Definitions for Hazard Ratings (Consequence Categories - harm to people)
Appendix 2: Selected general references applicable to the inventory as a whole
Appendix 3: List of organisations, associated acronyms and contact addresses referenced in the
inventory. As far as possible, web sites have also been included.
Further advice and guidance on health matters, including training in Health Risk Assessment,
is available from Occupational Health specialists in SIL-Health Services, based in London and The
Hague. See worksheet 'Intro' for contact details.
For more general guidance on the implementation of HSE MS in Oil Products, contact the OP
HSE MS implementation adviser, OXXM, based in London, who sponsored the preparation of this
guide.
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
1a Phys
Table 1a: Physical Agent Inventory - 2 pages
Note 1: See Appendix 1 for Hazard Rating definitions. Where a choice of Hazard Ratings is given, selection should take
account of local circumstances.
Note 2: Line Managers need to recognise that the assessment of some of these agents needs specialist input. Advice can be
obtained from SIL-HE/2.
Health Hazard
Examples of situations or activities Harmful health effects from over
in which the health hazard may
exposure (consequences)
occur
Noise
Noisy plant and equipment e.g.
Acute: Impact noise: rupture of
aircraft, compressors, boilers, pumps, eardrum; acoustic trauma.
pneumatic tools, road driving, steam
Loud steady noise:
leaks, impact noise from handling
Temporary threshold shift
drums and LPG cylinders, cartridge
operated tools, engine testing.
Chronic: Noise induced hearing
loss (Permanent threshold shift);
tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
Vibration (whole body)
Vibration (hand)
Standing, sitting or lying on a vibrating Acute: < 1 Hertz: Motion sickness;
surface, e.g. vehicle driving, ships,
2 - 20 Hertz: balance and vision
helicopters
disturbance
Holding a vibrating tool, e.g.
pneumatic drills, nut runners, torque
wrenches, needle guns
Heat Stress
Metabolic (body) heat e.g.
tank/furnace cleaning, aggravated by
full body personal protective
equipment; externally imposed heat
e.g. working outside in hot climate,
work close to furnaces or flares
Cold Stress
Cold water; cool high winds e.g. work
outside in cold climate; work inside
fridges/freezers. May aggravate preexisting conditions, e.g. musculoskeletal problems
Ionising radiations: alpha,
beta, gamma and xray
radiation
Non ionising radiation: Visible All work areas
Light (too much; too little) wavelength 400 - 780 nm
Non ionising radiaton: Infra
red (IR) - wavelength 400 1400 nm
Heat sources, e.g. gas welding,
sunlight, furnaces (peep holes)
Impact noise: 3
Loud steady noise:
2
3
2
Chronic: Musculo-skeletal illness
3
Acute: tingling sensation in the
fingers
1
Chronic: hand/arm vibration
syndrome (HAVS), includes
vibration white finger
3
Acute: Heat stroke leading to
death (lesser symptoms:
exhaustion, cramps, rash, fatigue)
4 or 5
Chronic: n/a
Acute: Hypothermia; frost bite
n/a
4 or 5
Chronic: n/a
Sealed sources: Non destructive
Acute: cell damage (e.g. skin
testing (NDT); Level/density
burns, sickness, loss of hair) measurement; X-ray fluorescence;
potentially fatal
smoke detectors; gas
chromatographs. Unsealed sources:
radio-labelled compounds for reaction
tracing
Non ionising radiation: Ultra Arc welding; sunlight
violet light (UV) - wavelength:
100 - 400 nm
Hazard Rating
(harm to people)
Note 1
n/a
3, 4 or 5
Chronic: cancer
Acute: Arc eye; erythema, skin
burn
4 or 5
2
Chronic: Skin cancer
Acute: Eyestrain
4 or 5
2
Chronic: none identified
Acute: eye and skin damage
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Not determined
3
1a Phys
Table 1a: Physical Agent Inventory - 2 pages
Note 1: See Appendix 1 for Hazard Rating definitions. Where a choice of Hazard Ratings is given, selection should take
account of local circumstances.
Note 2: Line Managers need to recognise that the assessment of some of these agents needs specialist input. Advice can be
obtained from SIL-HE/2.
Health Hazard
Examples of situations or activities Harmful health effects from over
in which the health hazard may
exposure (consequences)
occur
Non ionising radiation: Lasers Precision measurements
- wavelength: 100 - 1000 nm
Non ionising radiation:
Radio transmitters, ovens. (Cellular
Radiowave/Microwave
phones are a source of low intensity
radiation - wavelength: 1 mm microwave radiation)
- 30 km
Non ionising radiation:
Extremely Low Frequency
magnetic radiation (ELF) wavelength: > 30 km
Electrical switch gear; rectifier unit
(converts a/c to d/c). (Overhead
power lines are a source of lower
intensity ELF)
High pressure fluid injection
injuries (water; grease; other
chemicals)
Tank and line cleaning; grease guns
Chronic: eye cataracts
Acute: eye and skin damage
Hazard Rating
(harm to people)
Note 1
3
3
Chronic: none identified
Acute: eye damage, organ heating
Not determined
3
Chronic: none identified
Acute: Possible effects from high
intensity sources. N.B. Heart
pacemakers could be affected.
Not determined
2 or 3
Chronic: none identified
Acute: Possible infection, tissue
necrosis, loss of body parts or
death, in extreme cases, from
water, water contaminants or
chemicals passing into body
tissues through the skin
Not determined
4
Chronic: n/a
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
n/a
1b Phys
Table 1b: Physical Agents - recognised references - 2 pages
Note 1: See also Appendix 2 - General references
Note 2: Assessing health risks associated with physical agents is a highly specialised area and expert assistance should
be sought
Health Hazard
Noise
Reference (P = primary; S = secondary)
SHSE Panel: Noise Guide 1991 (P)
SHSE Panel: Management guidelines for hearing conservation 1991 (P)
UK HSE Guidance Note: L108 Reducing Noise at Work 1998 (S)
UK HSE Guidance Note: HS(G)138: Sound solutions: techniques to reduce noise at
work 1995 (S)
Vibration (whole body)
SHSE Panel: Noise Guide, Appendix IV, 1991 (P)
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
ISO 2631: 1997: Evaluation of human exposure to whole body vibration. Part 1 General
requirements; Part 3 Evaluation of exposure to whole body z-axis vertical vibration in the
frequency range 0.1 to 0.63 Hz (S)
Vibration (hand/arm)
SHSE Panel: Noise Guide, Appendix IV, 1991 (P)
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
ISO 5349: 1986 Mechanical vibration - Guidelines for the measurement and the
assessment of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration (S)
UK HSE Guidance Note: HS(G)88: Hand arm vibration 1994 (S)
UK HSE Guidance Note: HS(G)170 Vibration Solutions: practical ways to reduce the risk
of hand-arm vibration injury, 1997 (S)
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
OGP 6.65/279 Health aspects of work in extreme climates within the E&P industry - The
Heat (contains good general guidance) (S)
Heat Stress
Cold Stress
Ionising radiations: alpha,
beta, gamma and xray
radiation
Non ionising radiation: Ultra
violet light (UV) - wavelength:
100 - 400 nm
Non ionising radiation: Visible
Light (too much; too little) wavelength 400 - 780 nm
BOHS Technical Guide No. 8: The Thermal Environment (S)
ISO 7933: Hot environments - analytical determination and interpretation of thermal
stress using calculation of required sweat rate (S)
ISO 7243: 1989 Hot environments - estimation of the heat stress on working man,
based on the WBGT-index (wet bulb globe temperature) (S)
ISO 8998: Ergonomics- determination of metabolic heat production (S)
ISO 7726: Ergonomics for the thermal environment - Instruments for measuring physical
qualities (Revision of ISO 7726: 1985).(S)
ISO 9920: 1995 Ergonomics of thermal environment - Estimation of the thermal
insulation and evaporative resistance of a clothing ensemble (S)
ISO 10551: 1995 Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Assessment of the influence
of the thermal environment using subjective judgement scales (S)
ISO 11399: 1995 Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Principles and application of
International Standards (S)
ISO 12894: 2001 Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of
individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environment (S)
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
OGP 6.65/270 Health aspects of work in extreme climates within the E&P industry - The
cold (contains good general guidance) (S)
BOHS Technical Guide No. 8: The Thermal Environment (S)
SHSE Panel: Ionising Radiation Safety Guide 1993 (P)
Annals of ICRP: Publication 68: Dose Coefficients for Intakes of Radionuclides by
Workers. Recommendations of the ICRP (replaces ICRP 61) (S)
Annals of the ICRP, Vol. 27/1. Publication 75: General Principles for the Radiation
Protection of Workers (replaces: ICRP 60) (S)
Annals of the ICRP. Publication 65: Protection against radon-222 at home and at work
(S)
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
CEN175: 1998 Personal protection: Equipment for eye and face protection during
welding and allied processes (P)
CEN470 Protective clothing for use in welding and allied processes Part 1 General
requirements (P)
ACGIH Threshold Limit Value for intense white light and documentation (P)
SIPM DEP 1992 (33.64.10.10.92/12) Visible light and illumination levels (P)
ISO 8995: Principles of visual ergonomics - the lighting of indoor work systems (S)
347179114.xls
1b Phys
Table 1b: Physical Agents - recognised references - 2 pages
Note 1: See also Appendix 2 - General references
Note 2: Assessing health risks associated with physical agents is a highly specialised area and expert assistance should
be sought
Health Hazard
Non ionising radiaton: Infra red
(IR) - wavelength 400 - 1400 nm
Reference (P = primary; S = secondary)
UK HSE Guidance Note: HS(G)38 Lighting at Work, 1997 2nd edition (S)
CIBSE Code for interior lighting, 1994 (S)
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
CEN175: 1998 Personal protection: Equipment for eye and face protection during
welding and allied processes (P)
CEN470 Protective clothing for use in welding and allied processes Part 1 General
requirements (P)
Non ionising radiation: Lasers - ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
wavelength: 100 - 1000 nm
ILO The use of lasers in the workplace - a practical guide (S)
Non ionising radiation:
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
Radiowave/Microwave
radiation - wavelength: 1 mm 30 km
Non ionising radiation:
Extremely Low Frequency
magnetic radiation (ELF) wavelength: > 30 km
High pressure fluid injection
injuries (water; grease; other
chemicals)
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and documentation, latest edition (P)
WHO Magnetic fields health and safety guide, 1989 (S)
SGS Shell Safety Newsletter 96/IV: High pressure water jetting accident - Fatal
consequences (P)
347179114.xls
2a Bio
Table 2a: Biological Agent Inventory
Note 1: Biological agents comprise, e.g. insects and mites, moulds, yeasts, fungi, bacteria and viruses, animals and plants. For
convenience, they are grouped according to the situation in which they may occur.
Note 2: See Appendix 1 for Hazard Rating definitions. The Hazard Rating will depend on the specific biological agent relevant
to the local situation.
Health Hazard - Note 1
Examples of situations or activities Harmful health effects from over
in which the health hazard may
exposure (consequences)
occur
Blood borne pathogens: e.g.
AIDS virus and Hepatitis B
virus
Contact with infected body fluids: e.g. Acute: HIV positive; Hepatitis B
medical and first aid personnel,
infection.
sewage workers. Contact with
contaminated blood products and
dental, medical piercing instruments,
e.g. patients
Food and drink contaminated
with micro-organisms, e.g.
salmonella, campylobacter, e
coli
Insects carrying disease
Chronic: Carrier of AIDS and
Hepatitis B Virus; AIDS
(fatal);Hepatitis B Virus - liver
failure and cancer (fatal)
Contaminated food and/or drink
Acute: e.g. food
provided by the Company, examples poisoning;hepatitis A, amoebic
of sources: sale of perishable foods at dysentery
Retail outlets, vending machines,
kitchens, small food preparation
areas, drinking water supplies
Chronic: Carrier of disease without
having symptoms
Bites from infected insects in endemic Acute: e.g. malaria*, yellow fever*,
areas
dengue*, equine encephalitis*,
japanese encephalitis*, tick borne
encephalitis*, leishmaniasis *could be fatal
Chronic: e.g. malaria;
leishmaniasis
Water borne pathogen Legionella bacteria
Primarily present in static water
systems and emitted as an aerosol
e.g. cooling towers; hot water
supplies; cutting oil/water emulsions;
domestic and safety showers;
firefighting systems; high pressure
Acute: Pontiac fever (mildest form
of infection); Legionaires' disease pneumonia (severest form of
infection - may be fatal);
dependent on the strain of
legionella bacteria
cleaning of fouled systems; car wash
machines
Chronic: n/a
Bacterial and fungal growth in Air-conditioned offices with humidifiers Acute: Humidifier fever
air-conditioning systems
Chronic: n/a
Water borne pathogen Leptospirosis (causes Weil's
disease)
Contact with water contaminated with
the urine from infected rats, e.g.
sewers, ditches, ponds and slowflowing rivers
Acute: Weil's disease. Influenza
like illness with a persistent and
severe headache, sometimes fatal
Chronic: n/a
Water borne pathogens viruses and bacteria
contained in sewage
Cleaning and disposal of sewage
Acute: e.g. tetanus, typhoid
Chronic: e.g. polio
Bacterial and fungal growth in Contaminated metalworking fluids in Acute: Respiratory distress,
water-based metal working
engineering/maintenance workshops. particularly in persons who suffer
fluids
Inhalation of aerosols.
from bronchitis or asthma.
Chronic: n/a
Hazardous animals
Bites from animals e.g. snakes,
animals carrying rabies
Hazardous insects
Sting/bite from e.g. bees, wasps,
scorpians, fire ants, certain spiders.
Poisonous plants
Contact with poisonous plants, e.g.
euphorbia
Acute: severe wounds, tetanus,
rabies, poisoning
Chronic: n/a
Acute: Sting/bite can be potentially
life-threatening for persons who
are allergic. Some insect bites are
poisonous
Chronic: n/a
Acute: skin irritation
Chronic: allergy/sensitisation
347179114.xls
Hazard Rating
(harm to people)
Note 2
3
4 or 5
2, 3, 4 or 5
n/a
2, 3, 4 or 5
2
4 or 5
n/a
2
n/a
4 or 5
n/a
3, 4 or 5
3
2
n/a
4
n/a
2, 4 or 5
n/a
3
3
2b Bio
Table 2b: Biological Agents - recognised references
Note 1: see also Appendix 2 - General references
HEALTH HAZARD
REFERENCES (P = PRIMARY; S = SECONDARY)
General references
Shell Wide Web site: Health and Security (contains country specific latest advice on
for biological hazards vaccination requirements and health issues). http://swwserv5.is.shell.nl/HealthSecurity/index.html (P). Also available in hard copy from SIL Health Services.
Control of communicable diseases in man, latest edition. American Public Health
Association. (S)
The microbiological hazards of occupations, Collins and Grange. Occupational Hygiene
Monograph No. 17 1990 (S)
UK-HSE Biological agents ACOP (Approved Code of Practice) 1999 revised. (Contained
within L5 General COSHH ACOP, Carcinogens ACOP and Biological Agents ACOP).
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 1999
Blood borne
pathogens,
e.g. AIDS virus and
Hepatitis viruses
Food and drink
contaminated with
micro-organisms
Insects carrying
disease
Legionella bacteria
Leptospirosis
Bacterial and fungal
growth in waterbased metal working
fluids
Hazardous animals
Hazardous insects
Poisonous plants
Refer to general references above
SIPC HRAL/4: AIDS Employment Guidelines, Dec 1993 (P)
AIDS. Pocket book of diagnosis and management. Author: Mindel, Miller. Publisher: Arnold.
ISBN 0-340-58609-5 (S)
Viral Hepatitis. Fagan, Harrison. Publisher: Bios Scientific Publishers. ISBN 1-85996-025-1
(S)
SHSE Panel: Health Guidelines for Catering 1995 (under revision) (P)
SRI: Shell Food Service Safety Manual and training leaflets, 1998 (P)
EP95-0330: Drinking Water Guidelines (P)
WHO Recommended guideline values for drinking water quality 1993 (P)
Manson's Tropical Diseases. Author: Manson-Bahr & Bell. Publisher: Bailliere (P)
SHSE Panel: Draft 'Control of Legionella Bacteria in Water Systems' April 2002 - still to be
finalised and published (P)
UK HSC L8: Leginnaires' disease - The control of legionella bacteria in water systems
Approved Code of Practice and Guidance (S)
MF Safety Newsletter, Oct 1994: Legionella and firefighting water systems (S)
Refer to general references above
UK HSE EH62 Metal working fluids - health precautions, 1991 (S)
Refer to guidance for the specific animal(s) from national authorities (P)
Manson's Tropical Diseases. Author: Manson-Bahr & Bell. Publisher: Bailliere (S)
Refer to guidance for the specific insect(s) from national authorities (P)
Manson's Tropical Diseases. Author: Manson-Bahr & Bell. Publisher: Bailliere (S)
Refer to guidance for the specific plant(s) from national authorities (S)
Manson's Tropical Diseases. Author: Manson-Bahr & Bell. Publisher: Bailliere
347179114.xls
3a Erg
Table 3a: Ergonomic (human) factors Inventory
Note
Note 1:
1: See
SeeAppendix
Appendix 11 for
for Hazard
Hazard Rating
Rating definitions.
definitions. Where
Where aa choice
choice of
of Hazard
Hazard Rating
Rating is
is given,
given, selection
selection should
should take
take
account
account of
of local
local circumstances.
circumstances.
Note
Note 2:
2: Implementation
Implementation of
of ergonomic
ergonomic principles
principles isis best
best achieved
achieved in
in the
the design
design of
of new,
new,or
or the
the refurbishment
refurbishment of
of existing,
existing, plant
plant
and
and operations.
operations. Advice can be obtained from SI-HE/2
Health Hazard
Examples of situations or activities Harmful health effects from over
Hazard Rating
in which the health hazard may
exposure (consequences)
(harm to people) occur
Note 1
Poor workplace/task design
leading to e.g. awkward,
repetitive and static postures
movements, excessive
stretching, bending, pushing,
pulling, force exertion
Operations and maintenance, e.g.
inaccessible valves, pumps, gauges,
sample points, insufficient space for
tasks to be carried out efficiently and
effectively.
Acute: Impaired or unsafe
performance; Musculoskeletal
disorders
3
Chronic: Musculoskeletal
disorders; repetitive strain injury
Acute: Muscular discomfort;
eyestrain; soreness to soft tissues
(e.g. wrist)
3
Chronic: Musculoskeletal
disorders; work-related upper limb
disorders; repetitive strain injury,
which may lead to fatigue and
reduction in Activities of Daily Life
(ADL)
3
Manual opening and closing of bungs Acute: Muscular discomfort;
on drums (e.g. during drum filling)
soreness to soft tissues (e.g. wrist)
(repetitive movements)
2
Chronic: Musculoskeletal
disorders; work-related upper limb
disorders; repetitive strain injury
3
Acute: Impaired or unsafe
performance; Musculoskeletal
disorders
3
Chronic: Musculoskeletal
disorders; repetitive strain injury,
impaired strength
3
Requiring individuals to monitor a
process without trying to reduce their
level of boredom by giving them a
higher task load, asking a worker to
supervise something of which they are
not capable.
Acute: Impaired or unsafe
performance (may lead to a safety
incident or production loss with
greater potential consequence)
2
Note: resulting adverse effects
dependent on the individual(s)
concerned
Chronic: physical signs of stress
For example, air temperature too
hot/too cold, draughts, low relative
humidity, chemical pollutants, dust
particles and fibres in the air, etc.
Acute: general discomfort, e.g.
feeling too hot/too cold, stiff neck,
dry throat/eyes/skin, headache
2
Chronic: Sick building syndrome,
symptoms may include: Lethargy
irritability, poor concentration.
Decreased perfomance from
working population. Drop off in
productivity
1
Heavy use of VDUs (operations and
office workers) - screen viewing, use
of keyboard and mouse (repetitive
movements and static posture)
Manual materials handling
Mismatch of work
environment to cognitive
skills, capabilities and
limitations of workforce
Discomfort from poor indoor
climate
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2
3, 4 or 5
3b Erg
Table 3b: Ergonomic factors - recognised references
Note 1: See also Appendix 2 - General references
Note 2: Implementation of ergonomic principles is best achieved in the design of new, or the refurbishment of
existing, plant and operations. Advice can be obtained from SI-HE/2.
Health Hazard
References (P = Primary; S = Secondary)
General references
for ergonomic
(human) factors
EP95-0324 Human Factors (ergonomic design tools) (P)
EMIS.PMQ.10 List of international ergonomics standards accepted by SIL-HE/2 Human
Factors Engineers (P)
ISO 6385: 1981 Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems (P)
ISO 6385: 1981 Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems (P)
ISO 7250: 1996 Basic human body measurements for technological design (P)
ISO 7250: 1996 Basic human body measurements for technological design (P)
UK HSE HS(G)60 rev: Upper limb disorders in the workplace, 2002 (S)
ISO 1503: 1977 Geometrical orientation and directions of movements (S)
ISO 1503: 1977 Geometrical orientation and directions of movements (S)
ISO/DIS 11226: 1995, Ergonomics - Evaluation of working postures (S)
ISO/DIS 7250.2: Basic list of anthropometrics measurements (S)
ISO 13407: 1999 Human Centred Design Process for Interactive Systems (First Edition) (S)
Ergonomics for beginners - a quick reference guide, J.Dul and B. Weerdmeester, 1993 (S)
Evaluation of human work, J.R. Wilson and E.N. Corlett, 1995, ISBN 0-85066-480-2
Publisher: Taylor & Francis (S)
Poor workplace/task design:Symbols and Signals: CD 9355: Ergonomics principles for the design of signals
ISO 3461-1: Graphical symbols for use on equipment
ISO 3461-2: Graphical symbols for use in technical product documentation
ISO 3864: Safety colours and safety signs
Control Rooms
ISO/WD 11064-1: Ergonomics design of control centres - Part 1: Principles for the design
of control centres.
ISO/WD 11064-2: Ergonomics design of control centres - Part 2: Principles of control suite
arrangements.
ISO/WD 7731: 1986, Danger signals for workplaces - Auditory danger signals (Revision of
ISO 7731: 1986).
ISO 11429: 1996, Ergonomics - System of Auditory and Visual Danger and Information
Signals First Edition
ISO 11428: 1996, Ergonomics - Visual Danger Signals - General Requirements, Design
and Testing First Edition
ISO/DIS 11064 series: (specifically 11604-3) Ergonomic design of control centres - Part 3:
Control room layout (P)
ISO 10075-1: 1991, Ergonomics principles related to mental work-load - Part 1: General
terms and definitions, 1994, ISO/DIS Part 2 Design principles (S)
ISO 10075-2: 1996, Ergonomic Principles Related to Mental Workload - Part 2: Design
Principles First Edition (S)
Warnings and alarms: CEN457 Auditory danger signals - general requirements for design
and testing (S)
Warnings and alarms: ISO/DIS11429 Ergonomics - system of danger and non-danger
signals with sound and light (S)
347179114.xls
3b Erg
Health Hazard
References (P = Primary; S = Secondary)
Communication - ISO/DIS 9921-1: Ergonomic assessment of speech communication Part
1: Speech interference level and communication distances for persons with normal hearing
capacity in direct communication (S)
Equipment
accessibility
Selection of
equipment
Use of VDUs (Visual
Display Units)
Manual materials
handling
Mismatch of work
environment to
cognitive skills,
capabilities and
limitations of
workforce
Preferred equipment operating areas for human/machine; vertical and horizontal
dimensions of passageways; optimum operator/maintenance routes through units:
CEN547-2 'Safety of machinery - human body dimensions - Part 2. Principles for
determining the dimensions required for access opening (P)
Selection of equipment/tools for the maintenance of materials - UK HSE 'Work Equipment'
guidance on Regulations. L22. 1992 (P)
Shell HSE Panel, Repetitive Strain Injury (Working with Visual Display Units), 2002 (P)
(replaces SHSE Panel Working with VDUs, 1989) (P)
GI-D VDU website: http://sww-ask-gi.shell.com/frameset/GIDpage.asp?target=http://swwask-gi.shell.com/GI_Implemented/ServiceInfo/ergonimics.htm&title=GI%20Ask-GI%20%20HSE-Ergonomics&chapter=31&RA=NLMHA8. Examples of information on this web
site are: 'Tips for users', 'Guidelines for workstation design', general information on office
ergonomics. (P)
SHSE Panel VDU User Guide 1993 (rev) (P)
UK HSE VDU Workstation checklist for risk assessment, 1996 (S)
ISO 9241 Parts 1 - 17 Ergonomics requirements for office work with visual display
terminals (VDTs) (S)
UK HSE L23: Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992: Guidance on the
Regulations 1998 (P)
ISO 11228: 1995, Ergonomics - Manual handling, Part 1 Lifting and carrying.
NEN 1005 1-3 'Safety of machinery - Human physical performance: Part 2 Manual
handling of objects associated to machinery (S)
Draft ISO 9355: Ergonomic requirements for design of displays and control actuators (P)
ISO 10075: 1991: Ergonomic principles related to mental work-load - general terms and
definitions (P)
ISO/DIS 9921-1: 1992, Ergonomics assessment of speech communication - Part 1:
Speech interference level and communication distances for persons with normal hearing
capacity in direct communication (SIL method).
ISO/CD 9921-2: Ergonomics assessment of speech communication - Part 2: Assessment
of speech communication by means of the Modified Articulation Index (MAI method).
ISO/CD 9921-3: Ergonomics assessment of speech communication - Part 3: Speech
communication with electro-acoustic systems.
ISO 10075-2: 1996: Ergonomic principles related to mental workload - Part 2: Design
principles (P)
Discomfort from poor SHSE Panel 1987: Office Safety (P)
indoor climate
ISO 7730:1994 Moderate thermal environments - determination of the Predicted Mean
Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) indices and specification of the
conditions for thermal comfort. (S)
UK HSE HS(G)132 How to deal with Sick Building Syndrome - guidance for employers,
building owners and building managers, 1995 (S)
UK HSE HS(G)194 Thermal comfort in the workplace, 1999 (S)
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4a Psych
Table 4a: Psychological Factors Inventory
Note 1: Reaction to psychological health hazards is dependent on the individual's ability to cope with stress.
Note 2: See Appendix 1 for Hazard Rating definitions. Where a choice of Hazard Rating is given, selection should take
account of local circumstances. Expert advice may be obtained from SI-HE/2.
Health Hazard
Examples of situations or activities Harmful health effects from over
Hazard Rating
in which the health hazard may
exposure (consequences) Note (harm to people) occur
1
see Note 2
Long and irregular working
hours; working cycles; shift
work
Potential in all operations
Organisational stress e.g.
poor communication,
inappropriate targets
Post traumatic stress, e.g.
after robbery, assault,
explosions, fire
Potential in all operations
Sales outlet personnel; plant
personnel; personnel living in high
risk/low security countries
Acute: Impaired or unsafe
performance (may lead to a safety
incident or production loss)
2
Chronic: Psychological stress;
depression; absenteeism
Acute: Impaired or unsafe
performance (may lead to a safety
incident or production loss)
3, 4 or 5
Chronic: Psychological stress;
depression; burn out; absenteeism
3, 4 or 5
Acute: Post traumatic stress
syndrome including impaired
performance (may lead to a safety
incident or production loss)
3
Chronic: depression; absenteeism
3, 4 or 5
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
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4b Psych
Table 4b: Psychological Factors - recognised references
HEALTH HAZARD
REFERENCES (P = PRIMARY; S = SECONDARY)
General references for
psychological factors
HMSO London: Understanding Stress Part 2, Line manager's guide (P)
Long and irregular
working hours; working
cycles; shift work
Organisational (workinduced) stress
Post traumatic stress,
e.g. after robbery,
assault, explosions, fire
EU Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Stress at work:
causes effects and prevention (P)
Occupational Stress - a practical approach. Author: Addley. Publisher: BH. ISBN 07506-2948-7 (S)
Issues in Occupational Health. Coping, health and organisations. Author: Dewe, Leiter,
Cox. Publisher: Taylor Francis. ISBN 0-748-40823-1 (S)
Occupational Stress - a practical approach. Author: Addley. Publisher: ButterworthHeinemann. ISBN 0-7506-2948-7 (S)
Issues in Occupational Health. Coping, health and organisations. Author: Dewe, Leiter,
Cox. Publisher: Taylor Francis. ISBN 0-748-40823-1 (S)
ISO 10075: 1991: Ergonomic principles related to mental work-load - general terms and
definitions (P)
ISO 10075-2: 1996: Ergonomic principles related to mental workload - Part 2: Design
principles (P)
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Author: Yule. Publisher: Wiley. ISBN 0-471970808 (S)
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
5a Lifestyle
Table 5a: Lifestyle Factors Inventory
Note 1: Incidence of disease affected by individual susceptibility
Note 2: See Appendix 1 for Hazard Rating definitions. Where a choice of Hazard Rating is given, selection should
take account of local circumstances.
Health Hazard
Examples of situations or
activities in which the health
hazard may occur
Harmful health effects from
over exposure (consequences)
Note 1
Hazard Rating
(harm to people)
Notes 1 and 2
Smoking
All areas where smoking takes
place
Acute: irritation of airways and
eyes
Chronic: Diseases of heart, blood
vessels and lungs;
addiction/dependence; increased
sickness absence; premature
death
2
Alcohol and drugs abuse All areas where alcohol and drug
use takes place
4 or 5
Acute: CNS effects; impaired
performance (may lead to a safety
incident or production loss)
4 or 5
Chronic: diseases of various
organ systems;
addiction/dependence; premature
death
3, 4 or 5
Volatile substance
Persons (usually young people)
abuse (e.g. butane from purchasing volatile marketed
lighter fuel)
products for substance abuse
purposes
Acute: sudden death from cardiac
arrhythmias (irregular heart beat);
narcotic effects leading to
unconsciousness
4 or 5
4
Lack of physical
exercise
Chronic: Disease of the nervous
system
Acute: reduced fitness; impaired
performance
Chronic: Diseases of heart and
blood vessels
Acute: reduced fitness; impaired
performance
Chronic: Diseases of heart and
blood vessels
3, 4 or 5
Unbalanced diet
Jobs and tasks requiring physical
fitness, e.g. use of breathing
apparatus
Jobs and tasks requiring physical
fitness
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
3
3
3, 4 or 5
5b Lifestyle
Table 5b: Lifestyle Factors - recognised references
Note: see also Appendix 2 - General references
HEALTH HAZARD
REFERENCES (P = PRIMARY; S = SECONDARY)
General references
Health promotional material. Examples of information sources:World Health Organisation (WHO) (P)
UK Health Education Authority (HEA) (S)
British Heart Foundation (S)
Smoking
Alcohol and drugs
abuse
Lack of physical
exercise
Unbalanced diet
Lifestyle medicine. Author: Rippe. Publisher: Blackwell. ISBN 0-86542-294-X (S)
SIPM HSE and SIPC HR July 1995: Smoking and passive smoking at work (P)
Nicotine Addiction in Britain. Author: Royal College of Physicians (UK) ISBN 1-86016-1227
See general references above
SI-HR Drugs and alcohol abuse employement guidelines (Dec 1993) (P)
Lifestyle medicine. Author: Rippe. Publisher: Blackwell. ISBN 0-86542-294-X
SHSE Panel 1995: Road transport SMS guidelines (standards for driver fitness) (P)
Medical aspects of fitness to drive. A guide for medical practitioners. The medical
commission on accident prevention UK 5th Edition (S)
ABC of Nutrition. Author: Truswell. Publisher: BMJ Books. ISBN 0-7279-1233-X
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
6a Living env
Table 6a: Living Environment (Public Health) Factors
Note 1: See Appendix 1 for Hazard Rating definitions. Where a choice of Hazard Rating is given, selection should take
account of local circumstances.
Health Hazard
Examples of situations or activities Harmful health effects from over
in which the health hazard may
exposure (consequences)
occur
Infectious diseases
Mainly outside Western Europe, N.
America, Japan, Australia and New
Zealand
See Table 2a Biological Agents
Contaminated drinking
water supply
Mainly outside Western Europe, N.
America, Japan, Australia and New
Zealand
Acute: giardiasis, typhoid, cholera,
hepatitis A, amoebic dysentery
2, 3, 4 or 5
e.g. poor sewage control
Chronic: carrier of disease without
having symptoms
Acute: failure to obtain appropriate
treatment; permanent damage;
death
n/a
Poor medical infrastructure
Mainly outside Western Europe, N.
America, Japan, Australia and New
Zealand
Environmental health
hazards e.g. air
pollution, radiation
hazards, contaminated
Air pollution (e.g. Mexico City,
Bangkok, Beijing, Santiago de Chile,
former Soviet Union); Radiation (e.g.
former Soviet Union)
food (pesticides)
Post traumatic stress,
e.g. after robbery,
assault
Personnel in high risk/low security
countries
Hazard Rating
(harm to people)
Note 1
2, 3, 4 or 5
Chronic: n/a
Acute: respiratory tract irritation;
aggravation of asthma
n/a
2, 3, 4 or 5
Chronic: radiation effects (damage
to reproductive and blood cells);
impaired respiratory function
2, 3, 4 or 5
Acute: Post traumatic stress
syndrome including: impaired
performance
Chronic: depression; absenteeism
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
3
3, 4 or 5
6b Living env
Table 6b: Living Environment Factors - recognised references
Note: see also Appendix 1 - General references
HEALTH HAZARD
REFERENCES (P = PRIMARY; S = SECONDARY)
General reference
SIPM Guidelines for Health, Safety and Environmental planning on a new venture. Report
EP88-2415 Rev 2 (March 1992) (P)
Infectious diseases
Shell Wide Web site: Health and Security (contains country specific latest advice on
vaccination and malaria prophylaxis requirements and health issues).
http://swwserv5.is.Shell.nl/Health-Security/index.html
Also available in hard copy from SIL Health Services. (P).
Control of communicable diseases in man, latest edition. American Public Health
Association. (S)
The microbiological hazards of occupations, Collins and Grange. Occupational Hygiene
Monograph No. 17 1990 (S)
Contaminated
EP95-0330: Drinking Water Guidelines (P)
drinking water supply WHO Recommended guideline values for drinking water quality 1993 (P)
Poor medical infrastructure
Environmental
health hazards e.g.
SHSE Panel: Medical Emergency Guidelines for Management 1994 (P)
SIL HSE Report 94-023: Medical Emergency Guidelines for Health Care Professionals and
First Aiders (P)
SIL HSE Report 94-023a: Guidance to First Aiders (P)
World Health Organisation guidance (S)
UK Dept of Health. Handbook on Air Pollution and Health. 1997. ISBN 0-11322096-0 (S)
air pollution, radiation UK-NRPB. Living with radiation. ISBN 0-85951-419-6 (S)
hazards
Post traumatic stress, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Author: Yule. Publisher: Wiley. ISBN 0-471970808 (S)
e.g. after robbery,
assault
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
7a Chem Refinery
Table 7a (i) Refinery: Chemical Agent Inventory: Examples of chemical agents and the principal areas in which they may occur (see notes 1 and 2)
Note 1: Selected examples of the more common chemical agents are given. Where possible, use less hazardous alternatives.
Note 2: As an indicator of harmful health effects (flammability is not addressed), chemical agents have been divided according to the EU classification for dangerous substances and preparations using the Risk Phrases. A list of relevant Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c. N.B. Risk phrases are
subject to change and not all chemical agents are assigned Risk Phrases; it is important to check health hazard information contained in suppliers' material safety data sheets. For intermediate products, health hazard information will need to be compiled by the OU.
Note 3: The same chemical agent may have several types of harmful effects and therefore appear in more than one health hazard group
Note 4: The same chemical agent may appear in more than one situation/activity. A gap in the table indicates that an example has not been readily identified within company operations, but does not indicate that no example exists locally.
Note 5: These hazard groups are not classified under EU legislation and, thus, have no associated Risk Phrase
HEALTH HAZARD
- see notes 2 and 3
Examples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occur - see notes 1 and 4
Marketed Products
Internal streams
Raw materials
Carcinogen (R40;45;49)
and Mutagen (R40; 46;
47)
PCAHs = Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Benzene heart cut (up to
50% benzene); Gasolines
(contain benzene);
Streams containing
PCAHs - Gas oils, Heavy
fuel oils, Cycle oils, Crude
oil; 1-3 Butadiene (may
contaminate LPG streams)
Low boiling naphthas
(benzene); Streams containing
PCAHs including Base oils,
Gasoil, Heavy fuel oil,
Long/short residues, Waxy
distillate
Crude oil (PCAHs and benzene);
Low boiling naphthas (Benzene);
Benzene heart cut; Long residues
(PCAHs); Waxy distillate (PCAHs);
Furfural extract (concentrated
PCAHs); Gas oils (PCAHs); Light
cycle oils (PCAHs)
Auxiliary chemicals
Additives
Catalysts
Hydrazine salts; crystalline silica
(calcined diatomaceious earths,
filter aids); Fuel oils (PCAHs
furnace heating)
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Organic lead
By-product/Wastes
Benzene heart cut
(aromatic hydrocarbons);
Gasolines (aromatic
hydrocarbons); naphtha
Low boiling point napthas (nhexane);
Hydrogen sulphide
Corrosive (R34;35)
Carbon monoxide waste from
cracker regenerator used as
fuel gas; Methanol; Hydrogen
sulphide; Perchloroethylene;
Cobalt solution (cracker);
Furfural; Toluene; Hydrofluoric
acid
Ethyl mercaptan (in Hydrofluoric acid;
LPG); Organic lead Cobalt/
(in gasoline); Alkyl Molybdenum
nitrate (in diesel);
Xylene (in gasoline
and Jet A-1)
Strong mineral acids eg
Hydrofluoric acid; Hydrochloric
acid, Phosphoric acid, Sulphuric
acid; Strong alkalis eg Sodium
hydroxide, Potassium
hydroxide; Anhydrous ammonia
Irritant (R36,37,38) and
defatting agents
Kerosines; Octanes; Gas
oils; Highly refined base
oils
Kerosines
Simple asphyxiant - see
note 5
Cold burns - see note 5
Low toxicity particulates
- see note 5
Propane; Butane
Propane; Butane
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Sulphur (also in molten
form - contact burns)
Propane; Butane; Butenes;
Hydrogen
Liquefied propane
Maintenance, construction and
cleaning
Furfural extract (concentrated
Chloroform, Carbon
PCAHs); Slops containing PCAHs; tetrachloride, 1,4Coke (PCAHs); Sludges from
dioxane
black oil tank bottoms (PCAHs);
Furnace residues (nickel
compounds); Some used
transformer oils (PCBs)
Asbestos (gaskets, insulation,
partitions); Some man-made vitreous
fibres (furnace linings, insulation);
Chromates (some paints); Chromium
(VI) stainless steel welding fume (e.g.
furnace tubes); Nickel in anti-seize
compounds; Used engine oil (PCAHs)
Desalter sludge from leaded
gasoline processing (inorganic
lead residues); Sludges from
leaded gasoline tanks
Carbon disulphide
Lead compounds (some paints)
Potassium
dichromate
Cement (chromate impurities);
Isocyanates (polyurethane coatings,
adhesives, vehicle paints); Epoxy
resin adhesives; Nickel in anti-seize
compounds; Diamines in 2-pack
adhesives
Mercury, pyridine,
methanol, n-hexane,
toluene, xylene,
acetone
Chlorinated degreasants; Lead
compounds (some paints); Mercury
(instruments, contaminant in caustic
tanks); Cadmium oxide fume; Lead
oxide fume; Zinc oxide fume
Strong mineral
acids/alkalis
Strong mineral acids/alkalis
Sensitiser:
inhalation/skin (R42;43)
Local or Systemic
effects from inhalation
(R20,23,26) skin contact
(R21,24,27) or ingestion
(R22;25;28); R39; R48;
R64; R65
Laboratories (plus
all marketed
products)
Hydrogen sulphide; Oil-fired
furnace residues (vanadium
pentoxide); Carbon monoxide in
flue gases and feed for furnaces;
Spent Cobalt/Molybdenum catalyst
Hydrofluoric acid
Weak mineral acids/alkalis e.g. Marker dyes
Ammonia solution, Sodium
carbonate/bicarbonate solution,
Calcium hydroxide (lime);
Some water treatment
chemicals; Di-isopropanolamine
(ADIP); Methyl ethyl ketone;
Sulphur dioxide in flue gases;
Sodium fluoride; Ammonium
trifluoride; Aluminium trifluoride;
Sulphur dioxide/trioxide (sulphur
recovery)
Weak mineral
acids/alkalis
Degreasing agents; Man made
vitreous fibres; Water treatment
chemicals; Welding gases; Lubricants;
d-limonene-based cleaners
Nitrogen; Hydrogen; Fuel gas
Dry gas (contains propane,
propene, ethylene); Hydrogen
Argon, hydrogen,
acetylene
Liquefied gases
Liquefied Petroleum Gas; Acetylene
Molecular sieve; Ion exchange
resin (eg Amberlyst 16C)
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Zeolite; Platinum Spent Zeolite; Platinum on
on alumina (new); alumina and Bismuth/copper oxide
Bismuth/copper
on alumina catalysts
oxide on alumina
(new)
Liquefied gases
Iron oxide (mild steel) fume;
Aluminium oxide fume; Refractory
brick dust
7a Chem Distribution
Table 7a Distribution: Examples of chemical agents and the principal situations in which they may occur (see notes 1 and 2)
Note 1: Selected examples of the more common chemical agents are given. Where possible, use less hazardous alternatives.
Note 2: As an indicator of harmful health effects (flammability is not addressed), chemical agents have been divided according to the EU classification for dangerous substances and preparations using the Risk Phrases. A list
of relevant Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c. N.B. Risk phrases are subject to change and not all chemical agents are assigned Risk Phrases; it is important to check health hazard information contained in suppliers' material
safety data sheets.
Note 3: The same chemical agent may have several types of harmful effects and therefore appear in more than one health hazard group
Note 4: The same chemical agent may appear in more than one situation/activity. A gap in the table indicates that an example has not been readily identified within company operations, but does not indicate that no example
exists locally.
Note 5: These hazard groups are not classified under EU legislation and, thus, have no associated Risk Phrase
HEALTH HAZARD
- see notes 2 and 3
Carcinogen (R40;45;49)
and Mutagen (R40; 46;
47)
PCAHs = Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Examples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occur - see note 4
Loading gantry/Tank Farm/Barrel
Bitumen Plants/ Emulsion
Vehicle service bay (plus main
filling
Preparation
fuels)
Gasolines (benzene), Diesel/Gas oil
Cut back bitumen easy to
Asbestos (brake linings); Chromium
(PCAHs), fuel oils (PCAHs), LPG (1,3- pour/handle at ambient
(VI) stainless steel welding fume; Lead
butadiene)
temperature (PCAHs which and nickel in anti-seize compounds;
may be bio-available)
Used engine oil (PCAHs); Rubber
fume (tyre re-grooving)
Isocyanates (vehicle paints); Epoxy
resin adhesives
Isocyanates (polyurethane
coatings, adhesives); Epoxy
resin adhesives; cement
(chromate impurities)
Gasoline additive (e.g. xylene), Diesel
Hydrogen sulphide
Ethylene glycol; Methanol (antifreeze); Aluminium cleaner
additive (e.g. alkyl nitrate), Jet fuel ASA (bitumen tank head spaces) Chlorinated degreasants
(hydrofluoric acid)
(xylene), Gasolines (aromatic
hydrocarbons); super plus unleaded
(methyl tertiary butyl ether); H2S
(bitumen and fuel oil tank head spaces)
Hydrochloric acid;
Phosphoric acid
Jet A-1; Kerosine; Gas oil, Diesel,
Diesel exhaust fume (NOx)
Simple asphyxiant - see Propane; Butane
note 5
Thermal burns - see note
5
Cold burns - see note 5 Liquefied gases
Low toxicity particulates
- see note 5
Gasolines (benzene),
Diesel/Gas oil, fuel oils
Office/Plant maintenance,
construction and cleaning
Asbestos (gaskets, partitions,
ceiling tiles, insulation); Some
man made vitreous fibres;
Chromates (some
paints);Chromium (VI) stainless
steel welding fume; Nickel in
anti-seize compounds
Lead compounds (some paints)
Amines used in bitumen
emulsions. Bitumen
emulsions (depending on
emulsifying agent).
Corrosive (R34;35)
Irritant (R36,37,38) and
defatting agents
Laboratory
Lead seals used to secure sample cans;
Organic/inorganic lead sludges from
leaded gasoline bulk storage tanks and
residues from leaded sludge tips
Sensitiser:
inhalation/skin (R42;43)
Local or Systemic
effects from inhalation
(R20,23,26) skin contact
(R21,24,27) or ingestion
(R22;25;28); R39; R48;
R64; R65
Vehicle Wash Bay
Acetone (glass cleaner)
Aluminium cleaner (hydrofluoric acid); Aluminium cleaner
(hydrofluoric acid); Hard
surface cleaners
Cut back bitumen; Bitumen Diesel exhaust fume; Degreasing
fume
agents; Welding gases; Oils and
greases
Some detergents;
Kerosines
Degreasing agents; Some
vehicle valetting
compounds
Chlorinated degreasants
Sulphuric (battery) acid
Degreasing agents; Man made
vitreous fibres; Water treatment
chemicals; Welding gases;
Domestic cleaners; Oils and
greases
Acetylene; Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Liquefied Petroleum Gas;
Acetylene
Liquefied gases
Liquefied gases
Iron oxide (mild steel) welding fume;
Aluminium oxide welding fume
Iron oxide (mild steel) fume;
Aluminium oxide fume
Hot bitumen
Polymer powders
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
7a Chem Road Transport
Table 7a Road Transport: Examples of chemical agents and the principal situations in which they may occur (see notes 1 and 2)
Note 1: Selected examples of the more common chemical agents are given. Where possible, use less hazardous alternatives.
Note 2: As an indicator of harmful health effects (flammability is not addressed), chemical agents have been divided according to the EU classification for dangerous substances and preparations
using the Risk Phrases. A list of relevant Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c. N.B. Risk phrases are subject to change and not all chemical agents are assigned Risk Phrases; it is important to check
health hazard information contained in suppliers' material safety data sheets.
Note 3: The same chemical agent may have several types of harmful effects and therefore appear in more than one health hazard group
Note 4: The same chemical agent may appear in more than one situation/activity. A gap in the table indicates that an example has not been readily identified within company operations, but does
not indicate that no example exists locally.
Note 5: These hazard groups are not classified under EU legislation and, thus, have no associated Risk Phrase
HEALTH HAZARD
- see notes 2 and 3
Examples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occur - see note 4
Loading gantry/Delivery to customer storage
Vehicle service bay (plus main fuels)
Carcinogen (R40;45;49) and
Mutagen (R40; 46; 47)
PCAHs = Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Gasolines (contain benzene), Diesel/Gas oil
(PCAHs), fuel oils (PCAHs), LPG (may contain
1,3-butadiene)
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Sensitiser: inhalation/skin
(R42;43)
Local or Systemic effects from
inhalation (R20,23,26) skin
contact (R21,24,27) or ingestion
(R22;25;28); R39; R48; R64; R65
Vehicle Wash Bay
Asbestos (brake linings); Chromium (VI) stainless steel welding fume; Lead
and nickel in anti-seize compounds; Used engine oil (PCAHs); Rubber fume
(tyre re-grooving)
Isocyanates (vehicle paints); Epoxy resin adhesives
Ethylene glycol; Methanol (antifreeze); Chlorinated degreasants
Aluminium cleaner
(hydrofluoric acid); Hard
surface cleaners
Corrosive (R34;35)
Aluminium cleaner (hydrofluoric acid)
Aluminium cleaner
(hydrofluoric acid); Hard
surface cleaners
Irritant (R36,37,38) and defatting Jet A-1; Kerosine; Gas oil, Diesel, Diesel
agents
exhaust fume
Diesel exhaust fume; Degreasing agents; Welding gases; Oils and greases
Some detergents; Degreasing
agents; Some vehicle valetting
compounds
Simple asphyxiant - see note 5
Propane; Butane
Acetylene; Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Thermal burns - see note 5
Cold burns - see note 5
Liquefied gases
Liquefied gases
Low toxicity particulates - see
note 5
Gasoline additive (e.g. xylene), Diesel additive
(e.g. alkyl nitrate), Jet fuel ASA (xylene),
Gasolines (aromatic hydrocarbons); super plus
unleaded (methyl tertiary butyl ether); H2S
(bitumen and fuel oil tank head spaces)
Iron oxide (mild steel) welding fume; Aluminium oxide welding fume
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
7a Chem Aviation
Table 7a Aviation: Examples of chemical agents and the principal situations in which they may occur (see notes 1 and 2)
Note 1: Selected examples of the more common chemical agents are given. Where possible, use less hazardous alternative.
Note 2: As an indicator of harmful health effects (flammability is not addressed), chemical agents have been divided according to the EU classification for dangerous substances and
preparations using the Risk Phrases. A list of relevant Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c. N.B. Risk phrases are subject to change and not all chemical agents are assigned Risk
Phrases; it is important to check health hazard information contained in suppliers' material safety data sheets.
Note 3: The same chemical agent may have several types of harmful effects and therefore appear in more than one health hazard group
Note 4: The same chemical agent may appear in more than one situation/activity. A gap in the table indicates that an example has not been readily identified within company
operations, but does not indicate that no example exists locally.
Note 5: These hazard groups are not classified under EU legislation and, thus, have no associated Risk Phrase
HEALTH HAZARD
see notes 2 and 3
Examples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occur - see note 4
Loading gantry/apron/tank farm
Vehicle service bay (plus main
Vehicle Wash Bay
fuels)
Carcinogen (R40;45;49) Aviation gasolines (where they contain Asbestos (brake linings); Chromium
and Mutagen (R40; 46;
>0.1% benzene)
(VI) stainless steel welding fume; Lead
47) PCAH = Polycyclic
and nickel in anti-seize compounds;
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Used engine oil (PCAHs); Rubber
fume (tyre re-grooving)
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Laboratory
Office/Plant maintenance,
construction and cleaning
Aviation gasolines (where Asbestos (e.g. gaskets,
they contain >0.1%
partitions, ceiling tiles,
benzene)
insulation); Some man made
vitreous fibres; Chromates
(some paints); Chromium (VI)
stainless steel welding fume;
Nickel in anti-seize compounds
Lead seals used to secure sample
cans; 2-methoxy ethanol (Jet A1
additive); methyl diethoxol (substitute
for 2-methoxy ethanol);
Organic/inorganic lead sludges from
leaded gasoline bulk storage tanks.
Sensitiser:
inhalation/skin (R42;43)
Lead compounds (some paints)
Isocyanates (vehicle paints); Epoxy
resin adhesives
Acetone (glass cleaner);
Aviation gasolines
(aromatic hydrocarbons)
Isocyanates (polyurethane
coatings, adhesives); Epoxy
resin adhesives
ASG 7, 17, 23C,
43C; ASTO 500
Chlorinated degreasants
ASC07; ASG22,
22CF; ASCF2;
APA101 (EU
version)
Local or Systemic
effects from inhalation
(R20,23,26) skin contact
(R21,24,27) or ingestion
(R22;25;28); R39; R48;
R64; R65
Aviation gasolines (aromatic
hydrocarbons); Methanol (screen
wash and de-icer); Biocides
Ethylene glycol (anti-freeze); Methanol
(screenwash and de-icer); Chlorinated
degreasants
Corrosive (R34;35)
Hard surface cleaners
Aluminium cleaner (hydrofluoric acid); Aluminium cleaner
(hydrofluoric acid); Hard
surface cleaners
Sulphuric (battery) acid
Irritant (R36,37,38) and
defatting agents
Jet A-1/turbine fuels; Diesel exhaust
fume
Diesel exhaust fume; Degreasing
agents; Welding gases; Oils and
greases
Degreasing agents; Man made
vitreous fibres; Water treatment
chemicals; Welding gases;
Domestic cleaners; Oils and
greases
Simple asphyxiant - see
note 5
Cold burns - see note 5
Low toxicity particulates
- see note 5
Aeroshell
products
Some detergents;
Jet A-1/turbine fuels
Degreasing agents; Some
vehicle valetting
compounds
Acetylene; Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Liquefied gases
Iron oxide (mild steel) welding fume;
Aluminium oxide welding fume
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Liquefied Petroleum Gas;
Acetylene
Liquefied gases
Iron oxide (mild steel) fume;
Aluminium oxide fume
APA101 (US
version)
7a Chem LPG
Table 7a LPG bottling and reconditioning: Examples of chemical agents and the principal situations in which they may occur (see notes 1 and 2)
Note 1: Selected examples of the more common chemical agents are given. Where possible, use less hazardous alternatives.
Note 2: As an indicator of harmful health effects (flammability is not addressed), chemical agents have been divided according to the EU classification for dangerous substances and preparations using the
Risk Phrases. A list of relevant Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c. N.B. Risk phrases are subject to change and not all chemical agents are assigned Risk Phrases; it is important to check health hazard
information contained in suppliers' material safety data sheets.
Note 3: The same chemical agent may have several types of harmful effects and therefore appear in more than one health hazard group
Note 4: The same chemical agent may appear in more than one situation/activity. A gap in the table indicates that an example has not been readily identified within company operations, but does not indicate
that no example exists locally.
Note 5: These hazard groups are not classified under EU legislation and, thus, have no associated Risk Phrase
HEALTH HAZARD
- see notes 2 and 3
Carcinogen (R40;45;49)
and Mutagen (R40; 46;
47)
Examples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occur - see note 4
Refilling line/Bulk operations
Reconditioning
Vehicle service bay (plus main
fuels)
1,3-Butadiene contained in some
1,3-Butadiene contained in LPG;
Asbestos (brake linings); Chromium
LPG; Waste LPG heavy ends from
Chromates (some paints)
(VI) stainless steel welding fume; Lead
tanks (contents under investigation)
and nickel in anti-seize compounds;
Used engine oil (PCAHs); Rubber
fume (tyre re-grooving)
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Sensitiser:
inhalation/skin (R42;43)
Carbon disulphide
Local or Systemic
effects from inhalation
(R20,23,26) skin contact
(R21,24,27) or ingestion
(R22;25;28); R39; R48;
R64; R65
Ethyl mercaptan (LPG stenching
agent); Tetrahydrothiaphine (LPG
stenching agent)
Lead compounds (some paints,
jointing compounds)
Ethyl mercaptan (LPG stenching
agent); Xylene/Toluene (paint
solvents); grit and paint dust from grit
blasting cylinders; Zinc oxide fume
(plasma arc/zinc metal spraying)
Ethyl mercaptan (LPG stenching
agent); Tetrahydrothiaphine (LPG
stenching agent)
Simple asphyxiant - see Propane; Butane
note 5
Cold burns - see note 5 Liquefied gases
Low toxicity particulates
- see note 5
Office/Plant maintenance,
construction and cleaning
Asbestos (e.g. gaskets,
partitions, ceiling tiles,
insulation); Chromates (some
paints);Chromium (VI) stainless
steel welding fume; Nickel in
anti-seize compounds
Lead compounds (some paints,
jointing compounds)
Isocyanates (polyurethane
coatings, adhesives); Epoxy
resin adhesives; Cement
(chromate impurities)
Isocyanates (vehicle paints); Epoxy
resin adhesives
Corrosive (R34;35)
Irritant (R36,37,38) and
defatting agents
Vehicle Wash Bay
Ethylene glycol (anti-freeze); Methanol
(screen wash/de-icer); Chlorinated
degreasants
Chlorinated degreasants
Aluminium cleaner (hydrofluoric acid)
Aluminium cleaner
(hydrofluoric acid); Hard
surface cleaners
Sulphuric (battery) acid
Ozone (plasma arc spraying)
Diesel exhaust fume; Degreasing
agents; Welding gases; Oils and
greases
Some detergents;
Degreasing agents; Some
vehicle valetting
compounds
Degreasing agents; Man made
mineral fibres; Water treatment
chemicals: Shellforce; Welding
gases; Domestic cleaners; Oils
and greases
Propane; Butane
Acetylene; Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Liquefied gases
Liquefied gases
Iron oxide (mild steel) welding fume;
Aluminium oxide welding fume
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Liquefied Petroleum Gas;
Acetylene
Liquefied gases
Iron oxide (mild steel) fume;
Aluminium oxide fume
7a Chem Luboil
Table 7a Luboil/Grease Blending: Examples of chemical agents and the principal situations in which they may occur (see notes 1 and 2)
Note 1: Selected examples of the more common chemical agents are given. Where possible, use less hazardous alternatives.
Note 2: As an indicator of harmful health effects (flammability is not addressed), chemical agents have been divided according to the EU classification for dangerous substances and
preparations using the Risk Phrases. A list of relevant Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c. N.B. Risk phrases are subject to change and not all chemical agents are assigned Risk
Phrases; it is important to check health hazard information contained in suppliers' material safety data sheets.
Note 3: The same chemical agent may have several types of harmful effects and therefore appear in more than one health hazard group
Note 4: The same chemical agent may appear in more than one situation/activity. A gap in the table indicates that an example has not been readily identified within company
operations, but does not indicate that no example exists locally.
Note 5: These hazard groups are not classified under EU legislation and, thus, have no associated Risk Phrase
HEALTH HAZARD
- see notes 2 and 3
Examples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occur - see note 4
Laboratories (plus all
Filling lines and gantries (See
marketed products)
Pre blend and blending area
'Aviation' for Aeroshell products)
Office/Plant maintenance, construction
and cleaning
Carcinogen (R40;45;49) and Base oils containing PCAHs >= 3% Base oils containing PCAHs >= 3% DMSO
Mutagen (R40; 46; 47)
DMSO extract; Shell Corbula grease extract; Gas oil (PCAHs); Diazo and
PCAHs =
1
anthraquinones (dye compounds)
Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons
Chloroform; benzene;
Potassium dichromate
Asbestos (e.g. gaskets, partitions, ceiling
tiles, insulation); Some man-made vitreous
fibres; Chromates (some paints); Chromium
(VI) stainless steel welding fume; Nickel in
anti-seize compounds; Used engine oils
(contain PCAHs)
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Alvania RS, EP1, EP2, EP R0, EP
Lead naphthenate; 2-butoxyethanol
R00; Retinax A, AM; Rhodina EP1,
EP2, S7505, S8772 (all contain lead
naphthenate)
Carbon disulphide
Lead compounds (some paints; tank
sludges)
Sensitiser: inhalation/skin
(R42;43)
Ensis engine oil (calcium
Triazine biocides; Calcium sulphonate;
sulphonate), Alvania RS, R1, R2, R3, Dibenyl disulphide; N-phenyl alpha
RA (PAN)
naphthylamine (PAN); Polysulphide,
Isocyanates in polyurea grease;
Benzotriazoles; Toluotriazoles
Potassium dichromate
Isocyanates (polyurethane coatings,
adhesives); Epoxy resin adhesives
Local or Systemic effects
from inhalation (R20,23,26)
skin contact (R21,24,27) or
ingestion (R22;25;28); R39;
R48; R64; R65
Alvania R1, R2, R3, RA (sodium
nitrite); Tellus C5, R5; Fusus A;
Morlina 5 (low viscosity white oil)
Corrosive (R34;35)
Irritant (R36,37,38) and
defatting agents
Simple asphyxiant - see
note 5
Cold burns - see note 5
Low toxicity particulates see note 5
Sodium nitrite; Triazine biocide; n-1Mercury, methanol, nnapthylaniline; Petroleum distillates;
hexane, toluene, xylene,
Polyalkylene glycol; Barium oxidates; Barium acetone
sulphonate; Triphenyl phosphates; Xylene;
Toluene
Metal dinonyl napthylene sulphonates (Ca,
Mg, Na, Ba); Lithium, Calcium and
Potassium hydroxides; Imidazoline
derivatives
Chlorinated degreasants; Oil-fired furnace
residues (Vanadium pentoxide)
Strong mineral acids/alkalis Sulphuric (battery) acid
Metalina GC, GR (Di and
Mono, di and tri ethanolamines; Zinc alkyl
Weak mineral acids/alkalis
triethanolamine); Metrema Fluid GP, dithiophosphate (ZDTP); Nonylphenol
GX (Alkanolamine esters)
ethoxylates; Weak mineral acids/alkalis;
Barium dinonyl naphthasulphonate; Kerosine
Degreasing agents; Man made vitreous
fibres; Water treatment chemicals:
Shellforce; Welding gases; Domestic
cleaners; Oils and greases
Argon, hydrogen, acetylene; Liquefied Petroleum Gas; Acetylene;
nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Liquefied gases
Liquefied gases
Graphite, Carbon black, Oleophilic bentonite
Iron oxide (mild steel) fume; Aluminium
clay, Molybdenum disulphide; Sulphur;
oxide fume
Calcium hydroxystearate
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
7a Chem Retail
Table 7a Retail: Examples of chemical agents and the principal situations in which they may occur (see notes 1 and 2)
Note 1: Selected examples of the more common chemical agents are given. Where possible, use less hazardous alternatives.
Note 2: As an indicator of harmful health effects (flammability is not addressed), chemical agents have been divided according to the EU classification for dangerous substances and
preparations using the Risk Phrases. A list of relevant Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c. N.B. Risk phrases are subject to change and not all chemical agents are assigned Risk
Phrases; it is important to check health hazard information contained in suppliers' material safety data sheets.
Note 3: The same chemical agent may have several types of harmful effects and therefore appear in more than one health hazard group
Note 4: The same chemical agent may appear in more than one situation/activity. A gap in the table indicates that an example has not been readily identified within company
operations, but does not indicate that no example exists locally.
Note 5: These health hazard groups are not classified under EU legislation and, thus, have no associated Risk Phrase
HEALTH HAZARD
- see notes 2 and 3
Carcinogen (R40;45;49)
and Mutagen (R40; 46; 47)
PCAHs = Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Examples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occur - see note 4
Pump area
Kiosk/Office/Kitchen
Car Service Bay
Gasolines (contain benzene);
Gasolines (contain benzene Asbestos (brake linings); Used engine
Diesel fuel (PCAHs)
possible ingress of vapour from oil (PCAHs); Used anti-freeze
the forecourt)
(nitrosamines); Rubber fume (tyre regrooving)
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Sensitiser: inhalation/skin
(R42;43)
Simple asphyxiant - see
note 5
Cold burns - see note 5
Low toxicity particulates see note 5
Construction materials
Asbestos (e.g. existing
partitions, roofing sheets,
ceiling tiles, pipe insulation);
Some man made vitreous fibres
Lead compounds (some paints)
Isocyanates (polyurethane coatings,
adhesives, vehicle paints); Epoxy resin
adhesives
Local or Systemic effects
Gasolines (aromatic
from inhalation (R20,23,26) hydrocarbons)
skin contact (R21,24,27) or
ingestion (R22;25;28); R39;
R48; R64; R65
Corrosive (R34;35)
Irritant (R36,37,38) and
defatting agents
Car wash
CFCs (fire fighting equipment,
refrigerants); Isopropyl alcohol
(IPA) and methanol
(screenwash); Ethylene glycol
(anti-freeze); hydrocarbon
based cleaning materials
Kitchen cleaning materials
Hard surface cleaners
Diesel fuel; Diesel/gasoline
Domestic cleaning materials
exhaust fume; Some detergents
and degreasants;
LPG (lighter fuel)
Cement (chromate impurities)
Ethylene glycol; Chlorinated
degreasants/brake cleaners; Gasolines
(aromatic hydrocarbons); styrene-based
resins (car body work)
Sulphuric (battery) acid
Diesel/gasoline exhaust fume; Some
domestic cleaners; Some vehicle
valetting compounds; Welding gases;
oils and greases
Propane; Acetylene
Liquefied gases
Iron oxide (mild steel) fume
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Vehicle cleaners
Man made vitreous fibres
(insulation)
7a Chem Shipping & Marine
Table 7a Marine and Shipping: Examples of chemical agents and the principal situations in which they may occur (see notes 1 and 2)
Note 1: Selected examples of the more common chemical agents are given. Where possible, use less hazardous alternatives.
Note 2: As an indicator of harmful health effects (flammability is not addressed), chemical agents have been divided according to the EU classification for dangerous substances and
preparations using the Risk Phrases. A list of relevant Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c. N.B. Risk phrases are subject to change and not all chemical agents are assigned Risk
Phrases; it is important to check health hazard information contained in suppliers' material safety data sheets.
Note 3: The same chemical agent may have several types of harmful effects and therefore appear in more than one health hazard group
Note 4: The same chemical agent may appear in more than one situation/activity. A gap in the table indicates that an example has not been readily identified within company
operations, but does not indicate that no example exists locally.
Note 5: These health hazard groups are not classified under EU legislation and, thus, have no associated Risk Phrase
HEALTH HAZARD
- see notes 2 and 3
Examples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occur - see note 4
Cargo deck and tanks including pump rooms
Accommodation/galley
Carcinogen (R40;45;49)
and Mutagen (R40; 46; 47)
Shell low boiling naphthas - benzene (inc tops naphthas, Asbestos insulation (existing
cat cracked gasoline, platformate/reformate, platformer ships)
raffinate, isomerate and gasoline platformer raffinate,
isomerate and gasoline components;
PCAHs = Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Crude oils (contain PCAHs and benzene); Cargo tank
slops (may contain PCAHs or benzene); Diesel, fuel oil
and gas oil (contain PCAHs)
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Lead seals used to secure sample cans; Leaded sludges
from cargo tanks
Maintenance management (including engine room)
Asbestos (Insulation, gaskets); Some man made vitreous
fibres; Chromates (paint);Chromium (VI) stainless steel
welding fume; Nickel in anti-seize compounds; Used
engine oil (PCAHs); radio-active material (liquid level
indicators)
Lead compounds (some paints)
Sensitiser: inhalation/skin
(R42;43)
Isocyanates (polyurethane coatings, adhesives, paints);
Epoxy resin adhesives; Nickel in anti-seize compounds;
Diamines in 2-pack adhesives
Local or Systemic effects
Gasolines and naphthas (aromatic hydrocarbons);
Insecticides (pest control)
from inhalation (R20,23,26) Hydrogen sulphide (storage tank head spaces containing
skin contact (R21,24,27) or Fuel oil); carbon monoxide (inert gas venting)
ingestion (R22;25;28); R39;
R48; R64; R65
Chlorinated degreasants; Zinc oxide fume; Lead
compounds (some paints); Tin compounds (anti-fouling
paints); halon (fire fighting and refrigerants); mercury
(instruments); alcohol
Corrosive (R34;35)
Some domestic cleaning
products
Some domestic cleaning
products
Irritant (R36,37,38)
Gas oil; Diesel fuel; Jet A1; Kerosine; Bitumen
Simple asphyxiant - see
note 5
Cold burns - see note 5
Thermal burns - see note 5
Propane; Butane; Nitrogen
Liquefied Petroleum Gas; Acetylene
Liquefied gases
Heated cargoes e.g. bitumen, some crude oils
Liquefied gases
Low toxicity particulates see note 5
Degreasing agents; Man made vitreous fibres; Water
treatment chemicals; Welding gases; Oils and Greases;
Dilute sulphuric acid (batteries); white spirit; methylated
spirits
Iron oxide (mild steel) fume; Aluminium oxide fume
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
7b Chem
Table 7b: Chemical Agent Inventory - 2 pages
Selected examples giving effects of over exposure and associated Hazard Ratings - illustrative only
Note 1: Many chemical agents fall into more than one health hazard group, but have only been listed once under the most hazardous group
relevant. A list of current Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c; Risk Phrases are subject to change. Not all chemicals have assigned Risk
Phrases.
Note 2: Refer to the supplier's latest safety data sheet for detailed information on harmful effects.
Note 3: For simplicity, Hazard Ratings have been based on the associated Risk Phrases, see Table 7c. There are a few exceptions, e.g.
chemical asphyxiants are always given a Hazard Rating of '5' in view of the severity of their acute effects and potential for causing multiple
fatalities. The Hazard Rating selected is linked to the most significant harmful effect (acute and/or chronic). Sometimes it is appropriate to
select both the acute and chronic effect where both are significant.
Note 4: Where no Risk Phrase has been assigned to the chemical, the Hazard Rating should be selected based on the harmful effects data
according to the Hazard Rating definitions (Appendix 1).
Note 5: See Appendix 1 for Hazard Rating definitions.
Health Hazard
Example including Risk
Phrase(s) - Note 1
Harmful effects from over exposure
(consequences) - Note 2
Carcinogen
(R40;45;49)
Mutagen (R40;46;47)
Asbestos
Acute: Irritant to eyes and respiratory tract
R45; 48/23
1,3-Butadiene (gas)
Chronic: Category 1 carcinogen
Acute: Moderate irritant to eyes (pain, redness);
narcotic to CNS - see also cold burns
Chronic: Category 2 carcinogen
Acute: Irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory tract.
R45
Nickel and compounds
(catalysts, anti-seize)
R45, R42,43, R36/37/38
Gasolines
Chronic: prolonged or repeated skin contact may
lead to dermatitis and skin carcinomas
Light/Medium/Heavy Fuel oil
Acute: defatting to skin; slight irritant to eyes and
on inhalation of mist
Chronic: prolonged or repeated skin contact may
lead to dermatitis and skin carcinomas
Acute: defatting to skin; slight irritant to eyes and
on inhalation of mist
Chronic: prolonged or repeated skin contact may
lead to dermatitis and skin carcinomas
Used engine oil (contains
polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons) (liquid)
Toxic to reproduction
(R60;61;62;63)
Sensitiser: inhalation
(R42) Skin (R43)
Local or systemic
effects following:inhalation (R20;23;26)
skin contact
(R21;24;27)
ingestion (R22;25;28)
also (R39; 48; 64, 65)
Chronic: Category 2 carcinogen
Acute: defatting to skin; slight irritant to eyes and
on inhalation of mist; may cause lung damage if
swallowed
R45; R65; R66
R45
Lead naphthenate
Acute: -
R61/62, R20/22, R33
Tetraethyl lead (absorbed via
skin)
R61/62; R26/27/28; R33
Isocyanates (adhesives,
paints)
R42, R36/37/38, R20 or 23
Cement (chromate impurities)
(powder)
R43, R36/37/38
Cobalt and cobalt compounds
(Catalysts)
R42: 43
Molybdenum (catalyst)
Chronic: Category 1 Toxic to Reproduction
Acute: Irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory tract.
CNS effects (narcotic, mania, convulsions)
Chronic: Category 2 Toxic to reproduction
Acute: Irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory tract.
R48; 20/22; 36/37
Hydrogen sulphide (gas)
R26
Carbon monoxide (gas)
R61; 48/23
Tetrahydrothiophene (THT)
(liquid)
Cat 1 Carcinogen: 4/5
(via inhalation)
Cat 2 Carcinogen: 4/5
(via inhalation)
Cat 2 carcinogen: 4/5;
Chronic: Category 2 carcinogen, Skin & respiratory
sensitizer
Acute: defatting to skin; slight irritant to eyes and
on inhalation of mist; vapours may cause
drowsiness and dizziness; may cause lung amage
if swallowed
R45; R38; R65; R66
Gas oil/Diesel
Hazard Rating (harm to
people) - Notes 3, 4 & 5
Chronic: Potent respiratory sensitiser
Acute: Irritant to skin, eyes (conjunctivitis) and on
inhalation of dust
Chronic: dermatitis; skin sensitiser
Acute: Irritant to skin, eyes (conjunctivitis) and on
inhalation of dust
Chronic: Skin sensitiser; Dermatitis
Acute: Irritant to skin, eyes (conjunctivitis) and on
inhalation of dust
Chronic: Potential irreversible effects
Acute: Chemical asphyxiant causing respiratory
paralysis
Chronic: none known
Acute: Chemical asphyxiant - causing
carboxyhaemoglobin poisoning by inhalation
Chronic: Category 1 Reproductive toxin
Acute: Irritating to eyes and skin
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Cat 2 Carcinogen: 4/5
(via inhalation)
Cat 2 Carcinogen: 4/5
(via skin contact)
Cat 2 Carcinogen: 4/5
(via skin contact)
Cat 2 Carcinogen: 4/5
(via skin contact)
Cat 1 Toxic to Repro: 4
Acute: 4
Cat 2 Toxic to Repro: 4
Sensitiser: 4
(via inhalation)
Sensitiser: 3
(via skin contact)
Sensitiser: 3
(via skin contact)
Irreversible effects: 3
Chemical asphyxiant: 5
Chemical asphyxiant: 5
Irreversible effects: 3
7b Chem
Table 7b: Chemical Agent Inventory - 2 pages
Selected examples giving effects of over exposure and associated Hazard Ratings - illustrative only
Note 1: Many chemical agents fall into more than one health hazard group, but have only been listed once under the most hazardous group
relevant. A list of current Risk Phrases is given in Table 7c; Risk Phrases are subject to change. Not all chemicals have assigned Risk
Phrases.
Note 2: Refer to the supplier's latest safety data sheet for detailed information on harmful effects.
Note 3: For simplicity, Hazard Ratings have been based on the associated Risk Phrases, see Table 7c. There are a few exceptions, e.g.
chemical asphyxiants are always given a Hazard Rating of '5' in view of the severity of their acute effects and potential for causing multiple
fatalities. The Hazard Rating selected is linked to the most significant harmful effect (acute and/or chronic). Sometimes it is appropriate to
select both the acute and chronic effect where both are significant.
Note 4: Where no Risk Phrase has been assigned to the chemical, the Hazard Rating should be selected based on the harmful effects data
according to the Hazard Rating definitions (Appendix 1).
Note 5: See Appendix 1 for Hazard Rating definitions.
Health Hazard
Example including Risk
Phrase(s) - Note 1
Harmful effects from over exposure
(consequences) - Note 2
R20/21/22; 36/38
Vanadium pentoxide
(solid/dust)
Chronic: Irreversible effects
Acute: Irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory tract.
May cause pulmonary oedema. Green tongue.
R20
Furfural (absorbed via skin)
Chronic: Bronchitis
Acute: Severe irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory
tract; toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
R23/25; R40; R21; R36/37
Methanol (absorbed via skin)
Chronic: Category 3 carcinogen
Acute: Irritatant to skin, eyes, respiratory tract. CNS
effects: cough, dizziness, headache, nausea.
Ingestion possible blindness/death.
R39/23/24/25
Corrosive (R34;35)
Hydrofluoric acid (absorbed
via skin)
R35; R26/27/28
Concentrated Sodium
hydroxide
R35
Concentrated Sulphuric acid
R35
Irritant (R36.37.38)
Kerosine
R38; R65
Mono, di, tri ethanolamine
R36/38
Diisopropanolamine (ADIP)
Simple asphyxiant
R36
Propane; nitrogen; hydrogen
Cold burns
No Risk phrases
Liquefied gases
Low toxicity
particulates
Chronic: Dermatitis, persistent or recurring
headaches, impaired vision
Acute: Corrosive to skin and eyes. Respiratory
irritant, may cause pulmonary oedema
Chronic: Fluorosis
Acute: Corrosive to skin and eyes. Respiratory
irritant, may cause pulmonary oedema
Chronic: n/a
Acute: Corrosive to skin and eyes. Respiratory
irritant, may cause pulmonary oedema
Chronic: inorganic acid mist, possible systemic
effects
Acute: irritation to the eyes, skin and respiratory
tract from mist and vapour, may cause lung
damage if swallowed
Chronic: Dermatitis
Acute: irritation to the eyes and skin
Chronic: Dermatitis
Acute: irritation to the eyes , skin and respiratory
tract from mist and vapour
Chronic: Dermatitis
Acute: Causes asphyxiation by displacement of
oxygen from the atmosphere
Chronic: n/a
Acute: Causes cold burns. Other effects dependent
on the gas
Dependent on gas
Chronic: dependent on gas
Platinum on alumina
Acute: irritation to the eyes (mechanical), skin and
respiratory tract from dust
Chronic: loss of lung function
Acute: irritation to the eyes (mechanical), skin and
respiratory tract from dust
Chronic: loss of lung function
Acute: respiratory irritation
Chronic: loss of lung function
Acute: irritation to the eyes (mechanical), skin and
respiratory tract from dust
Chronic: loss of lung function
No Risk phrases
Spent alumina catalyst
No Risk phrases
Iron oxide (mild steel) fume
No Risk phrases
Graphite
No Risk phrases
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Hazard Rating (harm to
people) - Notes 3, 4 & 5
Pulmonary oedema (acute): 4
Bronchitis (chronic): 3
Cat 3 carcinogen: 3 (via
inhalation and skin contact)
Acute: 4 (ingestion)
Chronic: Irreversible effects: 3
Toxic and Corrosive: 4
Corrosive: 4
Corrosive: 4
Irritation: 2
Irritation: 2
Irritation: 2
Simple asphyxiant (acute): 4
Chronic: 1
Cold burns (acute): 3
Chronic: dependent on gas
Loss of lung function: 2
Loss of lung function: 2
Loss of lung function: 2
Loss of lung function: 2
7c Chem
Table 7c:
Chemical Agents: Using European Union Risk and Safety
Phrases to assign Hazard Ratings (Consequence Categories)
2 pages
Risk/Safety Phrase reference: EU Dangerous Substances & Preparations Directives
Hazard Rating Reference: See Appendix 1
Note 1: Risk and Safety phrases are required to be assigned to marketed products in Europe as part of labelling
requirements.
Note 2: A substance may have more than one Risk Phrase. Select the Hazard Rating associated with the Risk
Phrase representing the most significant harmful effect.
Note 3: For substances which have severe acute toxicity e.g. chemical asphyxiants such as hydrogen sulphide or
carbon monoxide, a Hazard Rating of '5' always applies.
Note 4: In some cases it may be decided that the harmful effects of the substance/preparation warrants a higher
rating than the Risk Phrase indicates. Harmful effects data should always be reviewed.
Note 5: Not all substances/preparations have been assigned Risk Phrases. In these cases, the Hazard Rating
should be selected based on the harmful effects data with reference to the Hazard Rating definitions. In addition, not
all chemical health hazards are marketed products, they may also be generated as a result of the process or task,
e.g. vehicle exhaust emissions, welding gases and fumes.
Number
Risk Phrase
R 20
R 21
R 22
R 23
R 24
R 25
R 26
R 27
R 28
R 33
R 34
R 35
R 36
R 37
R 38
R 39
R 40
R 41
R 42
R 43
R 45
R 46
R 48
R 49
R 60
R 61
R 62
R 63
R 64
R65
Harmful by inhalation
Harmful in contact with skin
Harmful if swallowed
Toxic by inhalation
Toxic in contact with skin
Toxic if swallowed
Very toxic by inhalation
Very toxic in contact with skin
Very toxic if swallowed
Danger of cumulative effects
Causes burns
Causes severe burns
Irritating to eyes
Irritating to respiratory system
Irritating to skin
Danger of very serious irreversible effects
Possible risk of irreversible effects
Risk of serious damage to eyes
May cause sensitisation by inhalation
May cause sensitisation by skin contact
May cause cancer
May cause heritable genetic damage
Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
May cause cancer by inhalation
May impair fertility
May cause harm to the unborn child
Possible risk of impaired fertility
Possible risk of harm to the unborn child
May cause harm to breast fed babies
May cause lung damage if swallowed (Note: only consider where there is a risk of
ingestion. Otherwise base Hazard Rating on other risk phrases/harmful effects
associated with the substance)
R66
R67
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking
Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness
Hazard Rating
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
2
2
2
4
3
3
3 or 4
3
4 or 5
4
3
4 or 5
4
4
3
3
3
3
2
2
Where there are no Risk Phrases, but a health-related Safety Phrase applies - allocate a Hazard Rating of '2':S22
Do not breathe dust
2
S23
Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray
2
S24
Avoid contact with skin
2
S36
Avoid contact with eyes
2
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
7c Chem
S37
S38
S39
S51
Wear suitable gloves
In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment
Wear suitable gloves
Use only in well ventilated areas
Carcinogens
Substances which, if they are inhaled, ingested or penetrate the skin, may cause or
increase the incidence of cancer.
Category 1 (R45 Substances known to be carcinogenic to man (based on epidemiological data)
or 49)
Category 2 (R45 Substances which are strongly presumed to be carcinogenic to man on the basis of
or 49)
animal studies or other relevant information (based primarily on anial test data)
Category 3
(R40)
Substances with possible carcinogenic concern for man, where there is insufficient
evidence to place them in Category 2 (based primarily on animal test data)
Mutagens
Substances which, if they are inhaled, ingested, or penetrate the skin, may induce
heritable genetic defects or increase their incidence.
Substances known to cause heritable genetic damage in humans (based on
epidemiological evidence)
Substances which are strongly presumed to cause heritable genetic damage in
humans on the basis on animal studies or other relevant information (based on in
vivo studies)
Category 1
(R46)
Category 2
(R46)
Category 3
(R40)
Substances with possible mutagenic concern for man, where there is insufficient
evidence to place them in Category 2 (based on in vivo studies)
Reproductive Substances which may produce or increase the incidence of non-heritable adverse
Toxins
effects in the off-spring and/or an impairment of male or female reproductive
functions or capacity
Category 1 (R60 Substances known to impair fertility or cause developmental toxicity in humans
or 61)
Category 2 (R60 Sutstances which should be regarded as if they impair fertility or cause
or 61)
developmental toxicity in humans (this includes positive evidence in animal studies)
Category 3 (R62 Substances which cause concern for human fertility or possible developmental
or 63)
toxicity
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
2
2
2
2
Hazard Rating
4 or 5
4 or 5
3
Hazard Rating
4
4
3
Hazard Rating
4
4
3
7d Chem
Table 7d: Chemical Agents: recognised references - 3 pages
Note 1: See also Appendix 2 - General references.
Note 2: It is not practical to provide specific references for all known chemical agents. With a few exceptions for common
hazardous substances and product information, listed guidance is of a general nature and focuses on hazard identification,
exposure evaluation and common exposure control measures. Relevant Shell HSE Panel documents have been identified
where these exist.
Subject
References (P = Primary; S = Secondary)
Overview
SHSE Panel: Chemical Hazards: Health Risk Assessment and Exposure Evaluation 1995 (P)
UK HSE L5 General COSHH ACOP, Carcinogens ACOP and Biological Agents ACOP. Control of
Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) 1999. Approved Code of Practice
(ACOP), Revised (S)
CONCAWE: catalogue of special interest (white) reports (see web site for latest up date).
Selected documents are identified below. (S)
CONCAWE: catalogue of general interest (yellow) reports (see web site for latest up date).
Selected documents are identified below. (S)
CONCAWE: 96/53 The role of the occupational physician in the petroleum industry - guidance
for occupational physicians and managers (S)
CONCAWE: 94/52 An occupational physician's introduction to health hazards associated with
working in a petroleum refinery (S)
CONCAWE: 00/52 Management of occupational health risks during refinery turnarounds (S)
CIA: What is Toxicology? 1995 (S)
GUIDANCE ON SPECIFIC CHEMICAL AGENTS (See note 2 above)
Marketed products
Health and Safety Data Sheet templates prepared by Oil Products central office HSE focal
points (P) - contact focal points for details
CONCAWE: 98/54 Classification and labelling of petroleum substances according to the EU
dangerous substances directive (revision 1) (S)
CONCAWE Product Dossiers: Aromatic extracts (92/101); Liquefied petroleum gas (92/102);
Gasolines (92/103); Bitumens and bitumen derivatives (92/104); Petroleum coke (93/105);
Kerosines/jet fuels (94/106); Gas oils (diesel fuels/heating oils) (95/107); Lubricating oil
basestocks (97/108); Heavy fuel oils (98/109); Petroleum waxes and related products (99/110)
Gasoline
Diesel engine exhaust
emissions
Proprietary (purchased)
chemical products
Various
Asbestos
Benzene
Carcinogens
CONCAWE: 97/52 Gasoline Exposure Profile (S)
CONCAWE: 97/54 The health hazards and exposures associated with gasoline containing
MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether) (S)
IP: Petrol at retail filling stations - Application of COSHH Carcinogens ACOP, 1995 (S)
IP: Guidance on the declassification of tanks previously in leaded gasoline service, Feb 1998
Octel OIP 5 (01/92) Leaded gasoline tank cleaning and disposal of sludge (S)
UK-HSE Control of diesel engine exhaust emissions in the workplace HSG187 1999 (S)
Manufacturer's/suppliers product safety data sheets (P); International Chemical Safety Cards
(ICSC) http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html (S)
UK-HSE Environmental Hygiene series. Includes guidance on many individual chemical agents
(S)
SHSE Panel: Asbestos 1986 (P)
DOE: Asbestos Materials in Buildings, third edition - under revision (S)
US-HSE Controlled Asbestos Stripping Techniques HSG189/1 1999 (S)
UK-HSE:Working with abestos cement HSG189/2 1999 (S)
See also related references, e.g. carcinogens, gasoline
5-C2 Benzene: Process engineering and safeguarding practices manual - Shell Global Solutions
(P)
CONCAWE: 2/99 Environmental exposure to benzene (S)
IP: Application of control of substances hazardous to health (COSHH) requirements for
carcinogens at oil refineries and terminals, Aug 1998 (S)
UK HSE L5 Control of substances hazardous to health and carcinogens approved code of
practice, 1999 (S)
CIA: Carcinogens in the workplace (RC6) 1993 (S)
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
7d Chem
Table 7d: Chemical Agents: recognised references - 3 pages
Note 1: See also Appendix 2 - General references.
Note 2: It is not practical to provide specific references for all known chemical agents. With a few exceptions for common
hazardous substances and product information, listed guidance is of a general nature and focuses on hazard identification,
exposure evaluation and common exposure control measures. Relevant Shell HSE Panel documents have been identified
where these exist.
Subject
References (P = Primary; S = Secondary)
Catalysts
Hydrogen sulphide
CONCAWE: 95/57 Catalyst handling procedures to minimise exposures (P)
SHSE Panel: Hydrogen sulphide 1986 (P)
EP95-0317 Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in operations 10/95 (P)
Shell Report HSE 89.0004 Occupational Health - Lead alkyl compounds. Available from SIL
Health Services HEH/13 (P) - see also guidance on leaded gasoline tanks above.
SHSE Panel: Man-made mineral fibres with addendum 1988 (P). Draft revision expected 2002
Lead alkyl compounds
MMMF/MMVF
OP-HSE News forum alert M234 - Changes to ceramic fibres classification. June 1999 (P)
ECFIA Code of Practice working with Refractory Ceramic Fibres (RCF) (S)
PCBs
Solvents
SHSE Panel: Safe handling and disposal of PCBs 1985 (P)
SCL Review of toxicology hydrocarbon solvents. Toxicology Review No. 99.1416, 1999 (P)
UK-HSE Health risks management: A guide to working with solvents. HSG188 1999 (S)
See also Exposure Evaluation below for further solvent specific guidance
Welding fume
TWI: The facts about fume, a welding engineer's handbook (S)
UK-HSE: Assessment of exposure to fume from welding and allied processes (EH54) 1990 (S)
UK-HSE: The control of exposure to fume from welding, brazing and similar processes (EH55)
1990 (S)
BS6691 Part 1: 1986 Fume from welding and allied processes. Guide to methods for the
sampling and analysis of particulate matter. Guide to methods for the sampling and analysis of
gases (S)
CEN175: 1998 Personal protection: Equipment for eye and face protection during welding and
allied processes (P)
CEN470 Protective clothing for use in welding and similar activities - draft (P)
EXPOSURE EVALUATION (see also overview document above):Occupational Exposure
Limits
National Limits, where available (P)
Shell Advised Occupational Exposure Limits (P) e.g. benzene - see benzene briefing note above
ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices plus associated documentation,
latest edition (updated annually) (P)
Supplier's limits, if no other recognised limit is available (S)
CIA: Guidance on allocating occupational exposure bands, 1997 (S)
ECETOC Special Report No 13 Occupational Exposure Limits for hydrocarbon solvents 1997 (S)
Air measurement sampling CEN689:1996: Workplace atmospheres - Guidance for the assessment of exposure to chemical
strategies
agents for comparison with limit values and measurement strategy (S)
CEN482: Workplace atmospheres - general requirements for the performance of procedures for
the measurement of chemical agents 1994 (S)
UK-HSE MDHS 71 Analytical quality in workplace air monitoring 1991(S)
Concawe, Report no. 87/57 - Review of strategies for the evaluation of employee exposures to
substances hazardous to health. 1987 (S)
BOHS Technical Guide No. 11: Sampling strategies for airborne contaminants in the workplace
1993 (S)
UK-HSE HS(G)73: Monitoring strategies for toxic substances, 1997 (S)
ESIG: Measuring solvent vapour concentrations in the work environment - best practice
guidelines, 1998 (S)
CIA: Guidance on monitoring of exposure 1993 (S)
Air measurement:
sampling and analytical
methods
UK-HSE Methods for the Determination of Hazardous Substances (MDHS series) (P)
NIOSH manual of analytical methods (P)
OSHA analytical methods manual (P)
CEN analytical methods (P)
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
7d Chem
Table 7d: Chemical Agents: recognised references - 3 pages
Note 1: See also Appendix 2 - General references.
Note 2: It is not practical to provide specific references for all known chemical agents. With a few exceptions for common
hazardous substances and product information, listed guidance is of a general nature and focuses on hazard identification,
exposure evaluation and common exposure control measures. Relevant Shell HSE Panel documents have been identified
where these exist.
Subject
References (P = Primary; S = Secondary)
Shell validated methods - contact SIL-HE/2 for details (P)
Local validated methods
Biological monitoring
Laboratory tests for biological monitoring and biological effect monitoring (P) - guidance from
SIL-HE/2
UK-HSE HS(G)167 Biological monitoring in the workplace: a guide to its practical application to
chemical exposure 1997 (S)
EXPOSURE CONTROL MEASURES (see also overview documents above):General
Ventilation
BOHS Technical Guide No 7: Controlling airborne contaminants in the workplace (S)
Design and Engineering Practices Manual (P)
CONCAWE 00/52 Management of occupational health risks during refinery turnarounds (S)
ACGIH Industrial Ventilation - A Manual of recommended Practice, latest edition (P)
UK-HSE HS(G)37: An introduction to local exhaust ventilation 1993 (S)
UK-HSE HS(G)54: The maintenance, examination and testing of local exhaust ventilation 1998
(S)
UK-HSE EH22 Ventilation of the workplace 1988 (S)
BS7258 Laboratory Fume Cupboards, Parts 1 - 4 1994 (S)
Procedure
Personal Protective
Equipment
Health surveillance
SHSE Panel: Guidelines for entry into confined spaces 1992 (P)
SHSE Panel: Gas freeing and cleaning of oil storage tanks 1989 + addendum 1992 (P)
SHSE Panel: Work permits 1981 (P)
SHSE Panel: Guidelines for laboratory safety (P)
SCL: The Shell Guide to warehousing of chemicals (P)
SHSE Panel: Personal Protective Equipment guide 1989 (P) - note many of the standards have
been up-dated since publication, latest standards should always be used
CEN132 Respiratory protective devices - Definitions 1991 (P)
CEN 134 Respiratory protective devices - Nomenclature of components 1991 (P)
UK-HSE HS(G) 53: The selection, use and maintenance of Respiratory Protective Equipment
1998 (S)
Personal Protective Equipment suppliers - literature/advisers (S)
CONCAWE: 96/54 Development of a health surveillance programme for workers in the
downstream petroleum industry. (S)
UK-HSE: MS23 Health aspects of job placement and rehabilitation: advice to employers (S)
UK-HSE: MS24: Health surveillance of occupational skin disease 1998 (S)
UK-HSE: Health surveillance at work HSG61 1999 (S)
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Appendix 1
APPENDIX 1:
References:
DEFINITIONS FOR HAZARD RATINGS (Consequences - harm
to people)
SHSE Panel guide Risk Assessment Matrix 1999 (rev)
SHSE Panel guide Health Risk Assessment 1994 (under revision)
SHSE Panel guide Incident Classification and Reporting 1997
The allocation of Hazard Ratings to agents hazardous to health is an approximation of the potential severity
of the harmful effects (consequence in terms of 'harm to people') that may occur following exposure. It is a
tool that may be used as an input to the assessment of health risks to the business (by application in the Risk
Assessment Matrix - see also footnote) or to the individual (as part of Health Risk Assessment).
HAZARD RATING/
Consequence
Category (health)
1
2
Consequence in terms of potential to cause 'Harm to People'
SLIGHT HEALTH EFFECTS: (including first aid cases and medical treatment cases)
Not affecting work performance or causing disability.
Agents not normally hazardous to health, such as non toxic dusts (as an acute
inhalation hazard)
MINOR HEALTH EFFECTS (Lost Time Injury): Affecting work performance, such as
restriction to activities (Restricted Work Case or Occupational Illness), or a need to take
a few days to fully recover (Lost Workday Case).
Agents which have limited health effects which are reversible, e.g. irritants, defatting
agents, many food poisoning bacteria.
3
MAJOR HEALTH EFFECTS (including Permanent Partial Disability and Occupational
Illness). Affecting work performance in the longer term, such as a prolonged absence
from work.
Agents which are capable of irreversible health damage without loss of life, such as
noise, poorly designed manual handling tasks, hand/arm vibration, sensitisers,
chemicals causing systemic effects, e.g. n-hexane causing peripheral neuropathy.
4
5
PERMANENT TOTAL DISABILITY OR ONE TO THREE FATALITIES from an accident
or Occupational Illness:Agents which are capable of irreversible health damage with serious disability or death,
such as corrosives, excessive heat or cold, known human carcinogens (small exposed
population), sensitisers where the onset of sensitisation threatens continuing
employment, psychological stress.
MULTIPLE FATALITIES from an accident or Occupational Illness):Agents with potential to cause multiple fatalities, such as chemicals with acute toxic
effects (e.g. hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide), known human carcinogens (large
exposed population)
Note: Ratings for the same hazard may differ for Acute and Chronic health effects.
Acute health effects: those which occur suddenly and in a short time (seconds to hours) following exposure,
generally to higher levels or concentrations of a health hazard. An acute exposure runs a comparatively short
course.
Chronic health effects: those which occur gradually over a long period of time following repeated and
prolonged exposure to relatively low levels or concentrations of a hazardous agent. In certain cases a short term
exposure may result in a chronic health effect.
Footnote:
Health hazards may also have an impact on other Consequence Categories used in the Risk
Assessment Matrix. For example: the consequences of ill health caused by work may lead to,
e.g. liability claims, fines, production loss, raised insurance premiums, or damage to a
company's reputation. Thus the 'Assets' and 'Reputation' columns should also be considered
when assessing the risk to the business along with 'Harm to People'.
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Appendix 2
APPENDIX 2: Selected general references applicable to the inventory as a whole
N.B. further advice and guidance can be obtained from SIL-Health Services in Central Office (HE
Division). Assistance with purchase of any references can be obtained from the HEH/13, The
Hague (SIL-Health Services Library)
1. Occupational Health Management
Selected publications endorsed by the Shell HSE Advisers Panel (was the Shell HSE Committee) - these guides
will be up-dated as part of the 'yellow' guides review.
Group HSE Management System 1999
HSE Management Systems (HSE-MS 1995)
Royal Dutch/Shell Group Procedure for HSE Management Systems (1997)
Risk Assesment Matrix 1999 (revised)
Minimum Health Management Standards (2001)
Occupational Health Management Guidelines 1989 (to be withdrawn)
Health Risk Assessment 2001 (rev)
An Introduction to Health Risk Assessment - A training package 1996 (replaced by HRA Learning and
Development Programme - Shell Open University)
Group HSE Performance, Monitoring and Reporting 2.0 (2000)
Medical Emergency Guidelines for Management 2001 (rev)
Incident Classification and Reporting 1997 (under revision 2002)
CONCAWE
99/58 Occupational health auditing (1): occupational hygiene
2. Health Risk Assessment in design
SIOP Projects Business Process Manual - Best Practice Number 8: Assessment and Assurance of Health, Safety
and Environment Requirements in Capital Projects (under revision 2002)
Handbook of health hazard control in the chemical process industry: S Lipton and J Lynch - A Wiley-interscience
publication
3. General references on occupational hygiene
Croner's Handbook of Occupational Hygiene, Croner, up-dateable edition
Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety, Parmeggiani, ed., International Labour Office, latest edition
Fundamentals of Industrial Hygiene, BA Plog, ed., National Safety Council, Chicago, latest edition
Hunter's Diseases of Occupations, Raffle, Arnold, latest edition
Monitoring for Health Hazards at Work, Ashton and Gill, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, latest edition
The Occupational Environment - Its Evaluation and Control, American Industrial Hygiene Association, latest edition
Occupational Hygiene, edited by J.M. Harrington & K. Gardiner, Blackwell Science, latest edition
Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Vol 1A and 1B: General Principles, Clayton (Ed), Wiley, latest edition
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Appendix 3
APPENDIX 3: List of organisations, acronyms and contact addresses referenced in the
inventory
ACGIH
BOHS
BS
CEN
CIA
CEFIC
CIBSE
CONCAWE
DEP
DOE
ECETOC
EP
ESIG
HEL/HEH
HMSO
ICRP
ILO
IP
ISO
NEN
NIOSH
NSC
OGP
OSHA
SHSE Panel
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, USA (web site: http://www.acgih.org/)
Kemper Woods Centre, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, USA
British Occupational Hygiene Society, UK (web site: http://www.bohs.org/)
Suite 2, Georgian House, Great Northern Road, Derby, England, DE1 1LT
British Standards Institute (web site: http://www.bsi.org.uk/) - see also Shell External Standards web
site: http://sww.shell.com/standards/
Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE, UK
Comite Europeen de Normalisation (European Union) (web site: http://www.cenorm.be/) See also Shell
External Standards web site: http://sww.shell.com/standards/
Rue de Stassart 36, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
Chemical Industries Association, UK (web site: http://www.cia.org.uk/)
Kings Buildings, Smith Square, London, SWIP 3JJ, UK
European Chemical Industry Council (web site: http://www.cefic.be/links.htm)
Av. E. van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Box 1, B-1160, Brussels, Belgium
Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers, UK (web site: http://www.cibse.org/)
Delta House, 222 Balham High Road, London, SW12 9BS, UK
The Oil Companies' European Organisation for Environmental and Health Protection, Belgium (web
site: http://www.concawe.be/)
Madouplein 1, B-1030, Brussels, Belgium
Design and Engineering Practice, SIPM Available from: Shell International Oil Products, The Hague (Shell Global Solutions OGCH/1)
Department of the Environment
Books available from: HMSO (see below)
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Belgium
Av. E. van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Box 1, B-1160, Brussels, Belgium
Shell Exploration and Production (web site: http://sww.siep.shell.com/ep/eps/he/index.htm)
Available from :SIEP, The Hague
European Solvents Industry Group
Av. E. van Nieuwenhuyse 4, BTE2, B-1160, Brussels, Belgium
Health Services, SIL (web site: http://swwserv5.is.shell.nl/Health-PSU/index.htm)
Shell Centre, London; and The Hague
Her Majesty's Stationery Office, UK (web site: http://www.biw.co.uk/BIW/register/627.htm)
HMSO, 51 Nine Elms Lane, London, SW8 5DR, UK
International Commission for Radiation Protection (web site: http://irpa.sfrp.asso.fr/icrp.html)
The Secretariat, PO Box 35, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 ORQ, UK
Publications: The Review Journals Manager, Elsevier Science Ltd, The Boulevard, Langford Lane,
Kidlington, Oxford, OX5 1GB3, UK
International Labour Office, Geneva (web site: http://www.ilo.org/)
ILO Publications, 4 route de Morillon, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland
Institute of Petroleum (web site: http://www.petroleum.co.uk/pubs.htm)
61, New Cavendish Street, London, W1M 8AR
International Standards Organisation (web site: http://www.iso.ch/) - See also Shell External Standards
web site: http://sww.shell.com/standards/
ISO, 1 rue de Varembe, Case Postale 56, CH-1211 Geneve 20, Switzerland
Nederlands Engelse Norm
Nederlands Normalisatie Instituut (NNI), Postbus J059, 2600 GB Delft, Nederlands
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, USA (web site:
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/homepage.html)
NIOSH Publications, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Mail Stop C-13, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998
National Safety Council (web site: http://www.nsc.org/)
1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca, IL 60143-3201, USA
International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (formerly E&P Forum) (web site: www.ogp.org.uk)
25/28 Old Burlington Street, London, W1X 1LB, U.K.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, USA (web site: http://www.osha.gov/)
200 Constitution Ave, NW Washington, DC 20210
Shell Health, Safety and Environment Advisers Panel (web site: http://sww.shell.com/px/pxe/publ.htm)
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory
Appendix 3
SCL
SEOP
SIEP
SIL
SRI
SIPM
TWI
UK-HSE
UKPIA
WHO
Publications available from: PXE, The Hague
Shell Chemicals Ltd (web site: http://sww-hse.scl.shell.com/ Look for HSEasy)
London, UK
Shell Europe Oil Products
London, UK
Shell International Exploration and Production (http://sww.siep.shell.com/ep/eps/he/health.htm)
The Hague, The Netherlands
Shell International Limited
London, UK
Shell Retail International
London, UK
Shell International Petroleum Maatschappij
The Hague, The Netherlands
The Welding Institute, UK
Abington Hall, Abington, Cambridge, CB1 6AL, UK
Health and Safety Executive, UK (web site: http://www.open.gov.uk/hse/hsehome.htm) Books can be
ordered via http://www.hsebooks.co.uk/homepage.html
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk, England, CO10 6FS
UK Petroleum Industies Association
9, Kingsway, London WC2B 6XH
World Health Organisation, Geneva (web site: http://www.who.org/)
CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
Rev 1 HE99.004 Oil Products Health Hazard Inventory