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SUCCESS IN ENGLISH
VOLUME TWO – 1ST EDITION – SEPTEMBER - 2021
Instant Revision from E.C.Z Question Papers
GRADE 10 – 12
2009 – 2020
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EXAMINATION
COUNCIL
OFTHE
ZAMBIA
SUCCESS
ONLY
BEST IS GOOD ENOUGH
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Joint Examination for the school certificate
And General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Thursday
29 OCTOBER 2009
2 hours
Question 1 Summary [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question that
follows.
Ten minutes passed, Towera kept standing hoping that Mwiza would
open the door. He did not. She decided to put up one more attempt.
She walked to the bedroom window and knocked. Two, three times,
there was no response. The fourth knock yielded some noise from
inside. Mwiza opened the window.
What do you want?" he roared.
"Please……………
Before she finished, Mwiza spat into her face. The spittle was light, but
the impact it had on her heart was stronger and heavier than a slap.
"You will never see me here again," she said and walked away. She
collected her bags and walked towards the road. Where she was
going, she didn't know, but she knew she was running away from her
spitting husband.
To start with, Towera thought her husband was playing the no
nonsense game every new husband wants to play. But spitting into
her face was more than she could bear.
She wondered where to go from here. So late in the night. Hardly a
month after the wedding in which the man had invested so much.
Tears rolled down Towera's cheeks at the thought. She did not realise
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where she was when suddenly a car parked by her side. "Tax!"
shouted the driver. She entered and sat in the passenger’s seat.
‘Where to sissy?’ he asked. "I don't know," she stated.
The driver
paused and looked at her closely. He was struck by her beauty. He
was used to women who asked for lifts not knowing where they were
going. He knew how to treat them. But this one looked different. She
seemed to have had a purpose in life which was disturbed in the
course.
Towera could correctly read the driver's mind. She had to quickly
think of a name or a place to go. She didn't have much money-not
even enough for a taxi. She had to think of someone who could pay
for her taxi. "Would you know Benson ............................ Big Ben?" She
asked the driver.
At the mention of Benson, the driver's face brightened.
"Is there any driver who doesn't' know big Ben in this part of town!"
he remarked. "Who are you to him?" asked the driver.
"He is my cousin," said Towera.
The driver looked at her with doubt. "Ben is a nice person. We wonder
when he is getting married," he said.
Towera kept quiet. They crossed this road and that one. Towera
didn't know where they were. Suddenly the car slowed down and
hooted.
"Big Ben, I have brought your cousin," announced the driver. "Who's
there?" asked Ben, sounding sleepy.
"I am Towera. It's a long story," she said, fearing he would reject her
there and then. Breathless, Ben opened the door and let them in. He
paid the driver. The driver drove off. Then Ben helped Towera carry
the luggage into the house. Towera observed him work like an
obedient servant. She was humbled.
Just one look around the house swept off Towera's mental feet. The
type of seats, musical machine and the thick carpet — so much
wealth! She sat on the comfortable seat. Benson sat directly opposite
her. "So what brings you here?" he asked.
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Not very sure of what she was going to say, she started, "I'm sorry
that I have come here to bother you. Firstly, let me thank you for
opening the door for me."
"I wish I could do more," he said. "But now ... Mrs Mwiza, what is
happening? I hope it is not a trap!" he said.
"Well, when we stood at the market, Mwiza saw us," she said.
"Yes, I thought so," he agreed with her. "So what does he say?" "He
has chased me away from his home."
"What! An end to marriage?" exclaimed Ben.
Towera looked down. When she looked up tears rolled down
her cheeks. Benson got moved. He stood up and knelt down by
her side.
"Don't cry. You're here now. Leave everything in my hands." When
Towera cooled down,
Benson sat back into his chair and relaxed. Then after a long time he
said, "And you chose to come here? Suppose he finds you here?"
"It makes no difference," said Towera. After what appeared a century
Benson said, "So what shall I do?"
"I just want to spend the night here in your spare bedroom." "Then
tomorrow I take you back?" asked Benson.
"He spat into my face," Towera replied. "Surely Ben, do I deserve such
treatment just because I stood with you?"
Benson shook his head and said, "What I can't understand is why
some men throw good luck to the wind-just like that."
"Now Ben, are you going to throw me out too, and spit into my face?"
pleaded Towera.
"That will be the last thing I would do," said Ben. Then standing up,
Ben led her around the room. "Here is the kitchen and eat anything
you want".
Left alone, Towera opened the fridge. She could not believe it.
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Question: Write a summary of the events leading to Big Ben's marrying
the girl of his dreams. Use not more than 120 words. The summary has
been started for you:
Over Big Ben, Mwiza quarrelled with his beautiful new wife, Towera
and…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that
follow. SCIENCE AND LITERATURE CONNECTION
1.
There was a chief in a certain village. He had many slaves.
Whatever he wanted to be done, he ordered it. If it was a wise
thing he wanted, his various counsellors said to him. "Yes, it is
good," If it was not a wise thing, they said, just the same, "Yes,
it is good," because if they disagreed with him he grew angry,
saying, "What! Do you say the chief doesn't know what he is
doing?" But the lowest of his counsellors never said yes or no.
If the chief asked him about a certain thing he would think for a
while and then reply: "All things are linked."
2.
It happened one time that the chief could not sleep at night
because of the croaking offrogs in the marshes. Night after
night he could not sleep, and decided at last that the frogs
would have to be exterminated. He told his counsellors what
he intended to do. One by one, as usual, they applauded him,
saying, "Yes, it is good." Only the lowest of the counsellors did
not speak. The chief said: "You, counsellor, have you no
tongue in your mouth?" The man thought for a while, then he
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3.
4.
5.
6.
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said: "0 chief, all things are linked." The chief thought: "This
man knows nothing else to say."
The chief sent his slaves out to exterminate the frogs in the
marsh. They killed frogs until no more frogs remained. They
returned, saying, "Sir, the frogs are done with." That night the
chief slept well, and he slept well for many nights thereafter.
He was pleased with life.
But in the marshes, the mosquitoes began to rise in swarms
because there were no frogs to eat their larvae. They came
into the village. They came into the chief's house and bit him.
They made his life a misery. The people of the village suffered.
So the
chief ordered his slaves to go out and kill mosquitoes. The
slaves went out, they tried, but the mosquitoes were too
numerous. They continued to plague the village. The chief
called his counsellors. He scolded them, saying, "When I asked
you about killing the frogs, you answered, 'It is good.' Why did
you not say, 'If the frogs are killed the
mosquitoes will multiply? Only one of you said something for
me to think about. He
said, 'All things are linked,' but I did not understand his words."
The mosquito hordes made life unlivable. People left their houses
and fields and went away. They went to distant places, cleared new
fields, and began living again. The old village became deserted except
for the chief and his family. Finally, the chief, too, took his family and
went away.
Because of what happened, there came to be a saying: a 'Yes, it is
good' caused a village to become deserted."
In each of the questions 1 - 9, select the best of the four choices given. Show
the letter of your choice by putting a ring around it on the question paper, as
in the example below. If you change your mind, cross the ring very neatly.
Answer question 10 according to instructions.
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Example:
What is the main role of frogs in the Inter link?
A
breading
B
croaking at night
C
eating up mosquitoes larvae
D
Leaping up and down
C is the best answer and as you can see it has been ringed.
1. The story is about • • •
A. a bad chief.
B. mosquitoes and frogs.
C. ecological ignorance.
D. wrong counselling.
2. What was the truth according to the chief?
A.
What the majority counsellors said.
B.
His opinions.
C.
What the lowest counsellor said.
D.
That all things are linked.
3. According to paragraph 1, what type of people did the chief not like?
A.
Slaves.
B.
Opposers.
C.
Proposers.
D.
Quiet.
4. In the same paragraph 1, the lowest counsellor always…
A.
agreed.
B.
said nothing.
C.
remained neutral.
D.
inter-linked things.
5. According to paragraph 2, the chief…
A.
was irritated by the lowest counsellor's answers.
B.
always consulted the counsellors for an answer.
C.
interrogated counsellors one by one.
D.
accepted any group advice given.
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6. The frogs irritated the chief with their…
A.
prolific breeding.
B.
incessant movement.
C.
nocturnal noise.
D.
indiscriminate feeding.
7. After the frogs were exterminated…
A.
mosquito bites increased.
B.
snakes became pests.
C.
the village stank.
D.
mosquitoes became noisy.
8. The main culprit of the disaster in the swamp…
A.
was the chief.
B.
were the slaves.
C.
was the lowest counsellor.
D.
were the other counsellors.
9. According to the Passage "All things are linked" implies…
A.
independence.
B.
interdependence.
C.
dependence.
D.
parasitic life.
10. Choose the underlined words in the passage that mean the same or
nearly the same as the words below. Write the word against each
word or phrase.
A
Left alone………………………………………..
B
Large numbers…………………………………..
C
Connected……………………………………….
D
Wiped out……………………………………….
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Question 3 Structure
Answer both Section 1 and Section 2
Section 1 [10 Marks]
In each of the following items, sentence A is complete, but sentence B is
incomplete.
Complete sentence B each time making it as similar as possible in
meaning to sentence A. Make sentence B one sentence, never two.
Do not make any changes to the printed parts of sentence B.
Example: A The boy is John. He broke the window last week.
B John …………………………………………….
Answer:
John is the boy who broke the window last week.
1.
A All the cattle are in the Kraal.
B None ……………………………………………………….
2.
A Football and basketball are popular games in Zambia.
B Football, together with………………………………………
3.
A You will never solve this problem until somebody helps you.
B Not until………………………………………………………..
4.
A Most people consider football the most interesting sport in the
world.
B Football………………………………………………………
5.
A I prefer going to the cinema to watching television.
B I would rather…………………………………………………
6.
A As the horse galloped across the road, it narrowly missed the
car.
B Galloping……………………………………………………..
7.
A It is only after going for Voluntary Counselling and Testing that
you can know your HIV status.
B Unless………………………………………………………….
8.
A The teacher said thiat he wanted me to 'cell him the truth or he
would slap me.
B The teacher said, "……………………………………………
9.
A My mother was too bewildered to talk.
B So…………………………………………………………..
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10.
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A My performance does not improve although I train very hard.
B No matter……………………………………………………..
Section 2 [10 Marks]
In each of the following sentences, four words have been put in
brackets. For each sentence, choose the best word and write it on
the question paper in the space provided.
Example: A She picked
the cup. (below, with, up, above)
B She picked up the cup.
1.
They took………………..their heels when the lion roared.
(up, on, to , over)
2.
She was praised………………….telling the truth.
(over, for, on,
about)
3.
Ducks wade…………………….dirty water. (through, in, along, into)
4.
Thieves broke into the bank safe and made……
with large
sums of money. (away, up, off, on)
5.
No one liked the song but it soon caught…………
(off, up, on, in)
6.
Humans are liable…………………….error. (for, to, with, by)
7.
Brothers and sisters should get……....very well. (in, by, with, along)
8.
I couldn't make……………..who he was since it was dark.
(in, out, on, up)
9.
Mutinta didn't really want to go to church, but her friends
talked her……...it. (against, for, into, about)
10.
The soldiers carried………………..with exercises despite the
heavy rain. (ahead, forward, on, over)
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My uncle died three years ago but it's taking me a long time to
get………it. (through, over, by, along)
12.
Our enemies blew……….the bridge to delay our advance.
(by, over, across, up).
13.
The president will come here next week to drum……support
for his candidate. (for, at, up, on)
14.
Jane backed……….of the debate when nobody agreed with
her. (out, off, down, about)
15.
When I was looking for my pen, I came……………my lost stamp.
(by, over, across, upon)
16.
The Minister of Education wanted to visit our school next
week, but his plans have fallen………………..
(out, forward, through, down)
17.
Our church wants to cut…………the amount spent on the
Pastor's trips. (out, on, back, by)
18.
She was literally screaming …………….rage. (in, by, with, under)
19.
The board chairperson presided………… the meeting in a biased
manner. (in, on, over, with).
20.
She could not make it to school for she was incapacitated…..illness.
(with, from, by, in)
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Joint Examination for the school certificate
And General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Thursday
28 OCTOBER 2010
2 hours
Question 1 Summary [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question that
follows.
Guavas, also known as a poor man's apple, grow as
one of the most common fruits in Zambia.
The fruit is cheap, easy to grow and has many medicinal
benefits.
National Food and Nutrition Commission nutritionists
say that one can get the health and medicinal benefits of
the guava by either eating the fruit or drinking a solution
made from boiling the leaves of the guava tree.
The guava is consumed not only by humans, but also
by birds and animals. Through bird droppings and animal
waste, the guava has been spread to most parts of
Zambia. Guavas are eaten raw and with their seeds as
well as their skin. The fruit is rich in both Vitamins A and
C. Vitamin A is good for eyesight and prevention of
blindness while Vitamin C helps in one having a good
skin. Vitamin A also boosts the immune system of both
sick and healthy people.
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Since Zambia has a high prevalence of Vitamin A
deficiency, guavas are recommended for daily
consumption.
Vitamin C is an essential nutrient required for a
number of metabolic reactions. A guava contains more of
this vitamin than a typical citrus fruit — the rind contains
over five times more Vitamins C than an orange.
Additionally, Vitamin C results in healthier people
because it acts as an antioxidant that prevents oxidative
reactions that can damage or kill cells.
Vitamin C prevents scurvy, a disease where the
mucous membranes of the linings of various body
cavities start bleeding. Vitamin C is mainly in the skin
than in the flesh of the guava fruit. It is highest when the
fruit is nearly ripe and less in the fully ripe and soft fruit.
Thus the guava is best consumed before it is fully ripe.
The seeds of the guava are also consumed and these
contain omega-3 and omega – 6 polyunsaturated fatty
acids. Supportive, but not conclusive research, has
shown that omega-3 may reduce the risk of coronary
heart disease or blood circulatory problems. Studies
have
also shown possible anti-cancer effects especially on
breasts, colon and prostate cancer.
Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids are converted in
the body into forms that the body can utilise. The forms
they are converted to are found in every tissue of the
body. Guava seeds, as hard as they may be, contain high
levels of dietary fibre. Dietary fibre is the non-digestible
part of plant food that helps in bowel movement. Dietary
fibre is also known as roughage.
Guavas also contain dietary minerals. These are
chemical components required by living organisms.
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Appreciable amounts of potassium are found in guavas.
This is important for the balance of pressure in the cells.
Another dietary mineral is magnesium. It too is essential
for cells. It has a role in the functioning of more than 300
enzymes in the body. Guavas also contain carotenoids.
These are pigments that are naturally occurring which
enhance the immune system. The polyphenols found in
guavas may have antioxidant properties.
The reddish or orangish guavas have more potential
of being the source of both the carotenoids and
polyphenols than the yellowish green.
Sunday Mail (January 4, 2009)
QUESTION
According to the passage, what are the nutritional values of the
guava fruit to the body?
Use not more than 125 words.
The answer has been started for you.
The guava fruit has many nutritional values to the body. It…………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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Question 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that
follow.
1.
Ben Franklin said the only sure things in life are death and taxes. He
left something out, however: disappointment. No one gets through
life without experiencing any disappointment. They are unwelcome
but regular visitors to everyone's life. Strangely, though, most
people seem unprepared for disappointments and react to them in
negative ways. They feel depressed or try to escape their troubles
instead of using them as an opportunity for growth as we can see in
the characters of the following three people:
2.
Helen, a woman trying to win a promotion, works hard for over a
year in her department. Helen is so sure that she will get the
promotion, in fact, she has already picked out the car she will buy
when her salary increase comes through. However, the boss names
one of Helen's co-workers to the post. The fact that all the other
departmental employees tell Helen that she is the one who really
deserved the promotion does not help her to deal with the crushing
disillusionment. Deeply depressed, Helen decides that all her goals
are doomed to defeat. She loses her enthusiasm for the job and
can barely force herself to show up every day. She decides that
doing a good job isn't worth the work.
3.
Jamal fails to get into the college his brother is attending; the
college that was the focus of his dreams from childhood. He crossly
decides not to worry about it. "Why worry about college at all?" he
asks himself. Instead he conceals his real state of mind by giving up
on his school work and getting completely involved with friends,
parties and 'good times'. Similarly, Carla doesn't make it to be part of
the university basketball team, something she wanted very badly.
She refuses to take part in all sports at all. She chooses to hang
around with a set of new friends who 'get high' every day, then she
won't have to confront reality.
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4.
5.
6.
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The best way to react to besetting experiences is by trying to use
them as a chance for growth or by trying to exploit other available
options. This may not be easy, but it's the only useful way to deal
with an inevitable part of life. If your boss does not recognise your
talents or hard work, you could perhaps transfer to another
department, or you may ask the boss how best you could improve
your performance to be eligible for future recognition. Not being
promoted, or being turned down by one school or college, isn't a
final judgement on your abilities or potential. You could easily go to
another school or college. The first choice is not necessarily the best.
If you cannot be promoted now, or if you cannot be taken on and
included in the sport you badly need now, you just need to be
patient. You may decide to continue improving your skills in that job
or that sport for some time, or you may pick up another career or
sport.
In the face of trouble or frustration, man's natural reaction is not to
ask the right questions, but to complain, despair, give up and blame
other people. This negative spirit drives away friends and other
people because nobody wants to hang around a person who has a
self-pitying, pessimistic outlook on life. The question to ask in the
face of disappointments is not "Why me?" but "What next?"
because everyone has their unique share of these in life. Problems
and disappointments should lead to better and not bitter
resolutions. It is not easy, however, to ask "What next?" when the
heart is breaking. But it should be comforting to realise that
everyone is struggling with their own private setbacks.
When strong hope and faith collide with unexpected negative
realities, when prayers seem not to be answered and when long
cherished dreams are suddenly shattered, disappointment,
followed by frustration is often the result. This should not be so. One
ought to step over the unwelcome visitor and get on with life,
because whether one likes it or not, and with or without unfulfilled
desires, life continues. Some people think that following Christ will
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give them special immunity against troubles, that getting a higher
degree will guarantee a good job or a promotion that being
beautiful promises a good marriage and that being rich will bring
lasting peace and satisfaction. While these expectations are not evil,
it is dangerous to think and expect things to work out like that. Such
expectations are a recipe for serious frustrations in the face of the
unexpected turn of events. It is safer to view life as a series of
surmountable disappointments. Life can certainly appear that way
because setbacks crop up more often in the life of everyone, it
seems, than satisfaction.
Slightly adapted from Langan, 1. (2003) in College Writing skills Media
Edition The McGraw Hill Companies' inc. USA.
In each of the questions 1 — 9, select the best of the four choices
given. Show the letter of your choice by putting a ring around it on
the question paper, as in the example below. If you change your
mind, cross the ring very neatly. Answer
question 10 according to instructions
Example: This passage is about...
A
patience.
B
troubles in life.
C
disappointments.
D
positive thinking.
C is the best answer and, as you can see, it has been ringed.
1.
According to Paragraph 1, Ben Franklin says…
A.
disappointments are bound to come in life.
B.
death and taxes are welcome in life.
C.
death, taxes and disappointments are bound to come in life.
D.
death and taxes are bound to come in life.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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In paragraph 2 we are told that Helen was disappointed mainly
because ...........
A.
other workers in the department told her that she was the one
who deserved to be promoted.
B.
everybody knew that she was a hard-working woman.
C.
she realised that everything else she might try to do in life
would fail.
D.
she was so sure of being promoted soon that she even
made plans for it.
'Helen decides that doing a good job isn't just worth the work’.
This sentence means doing a good job is • • •
A.
not equal to the work.
B.
not fairly rewarded.
C.
wasting time.
D.
painful.
According to Paragraph 3, 'good times' means Times ...
A.
that help one to forget their troubles.
B.
for getting involved with friends and attending parties.
C.
of questionable goodness.
D.
for fun and merry making.
According to Paragraph 4, being denied a chance to do what you
desire means giving you the opportunity to ...
A.
grow into an experienced and wise adult.
B.
try other things or to perfect your talents.
C.
examine your life properly and improve.
D.
perfect your talents and attitude.
It is wrong, according to the passage, to ask, "Why me?" when
you are faced with situations that are disappointing. This is
because such questions lead to ...
A.
self-pity and surrender.
B.
blaming other people
C.
friends and other people running away from you.
D.
more problems in life.
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7.
8.
9.
10.
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People keep away from a person with a negative outlook on life
and who is always complaining probably because ...
A.
complaining is by its very nature painful to the hearers.
B.
they get tired of hearing the complaints every time they
meet.
C.
one should either try to be positive about life or should be
left alone.
D.
they don't know how to encourage such a person.
According to Paragraph 6, who is referred to as 'the unwelcome
visitor'?
A.
Someone who likes complaining.
B.
Immunity against troubles.
C.
Dreams.
D.
Disappointment.
It may be good to consider life as a series of surmountable setbacks
principally because •••
A.
disappointments and setbacks follow each other as a sort of
series in life.
B.
such an attitude can assist one to accept disappointments as
normal.
C.
everyone experiences disappointments.
D.
it can assist one to acquire maturity and growth.
Choose the underlined words in the passage that mean the
same or nearly the same as the ones below. Write the words
against each word or phrase.
A.
can be overcome………………………………………..
B.
interest…………………………………………………….
C.
unavoidable………………………………………………..
D.
promise……………………………………………………..
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Question 3 Structure
Answer both Section 1 and Section 2
In each of the following items, sentence A is complete, but
sentence B is incomplete. Complete sentence B each time
making it as similar as possible in meaning to
sentence A. Make sentence B one sentence, never two.Do not make any changes to the printed parts of sentence B.
Example: A He is very lazy. He cannot pass the examination.
B He is so…………………………………………
Answer: He is so lazy that he cannot pass the examination.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
A
B.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
The snake was crossing the road when Peter killed it.
Crossing……………………………………………….
We failed to visit you because the road was bad
But for……………………………………………………..
The President and ten other government officials are touring our
village
Use `as well as' instead of `and' ………………………………….
Angry and proud, Joseph resolved to fight back.
With…………………………………………………………………….
He borrowed the money from his friend last week.
His……………………………………………………………………….
I only realised how dangerous the man was after meeting him.
Only ……………………………………………………….
She is so intelligent that she will be selected for Grade Ten.
She is too ………………………………………………….
He rarely goes to the village.
Rarely ………………………………………………..
Jane lived longer than her brother.
survived……………………………………………..
They didn't think he would pass so well.
He passed…………………………………………….
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1.
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Section 2 [10 Marks]
The underlined words in the following sentences are
incorrectly used. Supply the correct word and write it in the
spaces provided for each sentence.
Example: We reached at the garage before dawn. Answer: Arrived
Mutale refused to tell me hioniv the new school bus looks like.
1. ________________
2.
The Victoria Falls is such a wonder.
2. _________________
3.
The farmer's definition of a herb is 'a plant in a wrong place'.
3. _________________
4.
Has somebody been here?
4. _________________
5.
I have looked for this word in the dictionary but I still don't understand.
5. _________________
6.
Of the three, Zangose is the better intelligent.
6. _________________
7.
When he arrived at home, he was received by smiles.
7. _________________
8.
If I knew, I can come.
8. _________________
9.
Zambia National team lost Luanda 1 - 0.
9. _________________
10.
Nomiya received a bundle of flowers from her cousin yesterday.
10. ___________
11.
The dog waved its tail when it saw its master.
11. ___________
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I saw three sheeps at the park last week.
12. ________________
13.
My head was paining yesterday.
13. ___________
14.
I saw a crowd of ships at the harbour last week.
14. ______________
15.
A bird of prey has four toes on each leg.
15. ______________
16.
All invited guests were sitted by 10.00 hours.
16. ______________
17.
The alterations rendered the document null and bad.
17. ______________
18.
A good lawyer will always have many customers.
18. ______________
19.
We travelled by boat from South Africa to Madagascar and I didn't enjoy the
journey.
20.
19. ______________
When my father died in a car accident, my family was in morning for three
months.
20. ______________
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Joint Examination for the school certificate
And General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Thursday
27 OCTOBER 2011
2 hours
Question 1 Summary [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question that
follows.
1.
Carbonated drinks have flooded the market. These are effervescent
drinks that release carbon dioxide under conditions of normal
atmospheric pressure. Carbonation may occur naturally in spring
water that has absorbed carbon dioxide at high pressures
underground. It can also be a by-product of fermentation, such as
beer and some wines.
2.
Many curative properties have been attributed to effervescent waters,
which aid digestion and calm nerves. Carbonated drinks have high
acidity level. This creates an imbalance in the body in that it leads to
acidosis. Too much acid also creates a problem of digestion in the
system. All carbonated drinks are beneficial to the body because a
large proportion of them is water, which is greatly needed by those
people who rarely take it in its pure form. On the other hand,
Carbonated drinks have carbonic acid that inhibits the use of calcium
in the body, thereby adversely affecting bone formation. This gives
rise to osteoporosis or softening of the teeth and bones. Such drinks,
therefore, are not ideal for children and women after menopause.
Consuming carbonated drinks in excess forces the body to harbour
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3.
4.
5.
6.
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carbon dioxide, which can cause more distension (swell out by
pressure from within) of the stomach and more acid reflux.
Some carbonated drinks contain sugar and this helps to
supplement the body with glucose, which is responsible for
energy. In the grand scheme of all the complexities regarding
carbonated drinks, it is very clear that people are stuck with them, as
they will always be readily available on the market at affordable prices.
The biggest challenge that we have is that people are not being
given the correct information concerning the content of
carbonated drinks. Carbonated drinks, just like others, result in loss
of appetite if taken shortly before meals. Artificial carbonation was
first introduced in 1767 by Joseph Priestley and was
commercialised in 1807 by Benjamin Silliman, a Yale University
Chemistry Professor, who bottled and sold carbonated water.
After 1830, sweetened and flavoured carbonated drinks became
popular and the trend evolved.
Today, heavily sweetened carbonated drinks and sodas are
among the most popular beverages in the world. In the last two
decades, the introduction of diet drinks containing artificial
sweeteners has increased sales of carbonated beverages. Some
carbonated drinks contain caffeine, which causes addiction. In this
regard, when carbonated drinks are not taken by people used to
them, unexplained tiredness and headaches result.
It is stressed that people should opt for pure fruit juices. Pure juices
may be expensive but you do not need to buy them all the time. You
may instead, just buy oranges, guavas and mangoes. Then squeeze
out the juice from these fruits, and give it to a child as opposed
to buying carbonated drinks. Experts say one can or bottle of a
carbonated drink has about 10 teaspoons of sugar, 150 calories, 30 to
55 milligrams of caffeine and is loaded with artificial food colours and
sulphites. Carbonated drinks that are caffeinated lead to jitters,
insomnia, irregular heart beat, vitamin and mineral depletion and
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breast lumps. The sugar added to carbonated drinks increases insulin
levels, which can lead to diabetes and excessive weight gain.
(From 'Sunday Post' of November 20, 2005)
QUESTION
According to the passage, what are the negative effects of the
consumption of carbonated drinks by human beings? Use not more
than 140 words. Excess words will be cancelled. The summary has
been started for you.
The consumption of carbonated drinks by human beings has a
number of negative effects …………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Question 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the
questions that follow.
THE ELEPHANT
1. The elephant is a very large grey land mammal. The African elephant is
larger than the Indian species, and has a long slopping head and
enormous ears. The tusks are also larger in the African species.
2. An African elephant that was estimated to be 30 years of age weighed
nearly four and a half tonnes, and one about sixty years of age was
discovered to weigh nearly six tonnes. The African elephant indulges
in a dust bath to discourage flies and ticks. This is one of the many uses
of the trunk, a remarkable organ which combines strength and
sensitivity.
3. The Indian elephant rarely lives for more than seventy years and the
African elephant for fifty years. The age can be judged approximately
from the rims of the ears and the wear of the teeth.
4. In spite of its thickness and hardness, an elephant's skin is very
sensitive to insect bites and readily chaps under exposure to the
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5.
6.
7.
8.
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sun. Wild elephants therefore bathe frequently, afterwards rolling
in the mud. In captivity their skins have to be greased. Hair grows very
scantily, except in the tuft at the end of the tail.
The trunk, which is an elongated nose, is highly sensitive. In addition,
it is prehensile and the network of muscles composing it gives it great
flexibility and strength. With its trunk an elephant can carry a tree or
take a lump of sugar. The elephant uses it to touch and smell,
carry food and water to its mouth, give itself a shower-bath and
powder itself with sand. It is a multi-purpose organ and an elephant
can be trained to use it to bolt and unbolt doors or untie ropes.
For the more delicate actions the extremity is used. The African
elephant has at the tip of its trunk an upper and lower triangular
projection which can be used for gripping, whereas the Indian
elephant has only one.
The upper incisors or tusks extend on either side of the trunk. They
grow to a great length, particularly in the males. They may be
straight or curved upwards and the enamel is only present at the
tip and is soon worn away. The right hand tusk is generally more
worn away than the left as it is used more; the elephant being
predominantly 'right-handed'.
The tusks of the Indian elephant are smaller and weigh an average
of ten to twenty pounds. Elephants with only one tusk are sometimes
found, this being the result of an accident. More rarely animals may be
found with three or even four tusks, the result of damage to the
growing tooth germ when young.
Elephants have neither lower incisors nor canines. The molars are
enormous and are subject to a curious system of replacement. There
are six molars in each half of both upper and lower jaws, but only
one functions at a time. Pushing out the stump of its predecessor,
each in turn will be pushed out by the one to follow. Each molar seems
to be formed of many tall plates stuck together, but it is a single large
tooth deeply ridged. Being covered with cement, the tooth appears
smooth and uniform when it breaks through the gum.
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In each of the questions 1 — 9, select the best of the four choices
given. Show the letter of your choice by putting a ring around it on
the question paper, as in the example below. If you change your
mind, cross the ring very neatly. Answer question 10 according to
instructions.
Example:
Where does the elephant live?
A
In water
B
On land
C
In Africa
D
In India
The best answer is B and it has been ringed.
1.
According to Paragraph 2, how are the flies and ticks discouraged?
A
They keep away from the dust.
B
They do not like the dust.
C
They are prevented by the layer of dust.
D
They fail to land on the elephant.
2.
According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is true.
A
The elephant's teeth wear away each year.
B
The eating makes the teeth wear away.
C
The older the elephant, the more rims on its ears.
D
The African elephant can live up to 50 years.
3.
Elephants bath by • • •
A
greasing their bodies.
B
rolling in mud.
C
rolling in water.
D
throwing dust on their bodies.
The word 'captivity' in Paragraph 4 is used to mean that the elephant
has been………
A
fed.
B
tamed.
C
trapped.
D
wild.
4.
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5.
In Paragraph 5, the word `prehensile' means the trunk is • • •
A
very sensitive.
B
very insensitive.
C
able to hold things.
D
able to smell things.
6.
According to Paragraph 5, which one of the following is an example of
delicate actions referred to here?
A
Carrying a tree
B
Powdering itself
C
Shower bathing
D
Untying a rope
7.
According to Paragraph 6, the enamel soon gets worn away because it is • •
•
A delicate.
B the part that is used most.
C overgrown.
D found at the tip of the incisors.
8.
According to Paragraph 7, if an elephant has one tusk, we can conclude that …
A it was involved in an accident.
B the tooth germ was damaged.
C it is still very young.
D it was born with a handicap.
9.
According to Paragraph 8, how many molars does an elephant have in total?
A 3
B 6
C 12
D 24
10. From the underlined words in the passage, find one word which has the
opposite meaning to the following words:
(i)
freedom………………………………………………….
(ii) successor…………………………………………………
(iii) usual………………………………………………...
(iv) rigidity……………………………………………………..
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Question 3 Structure
Answer both Section 1 and Section 2
Section 1 [10 Marks]
In each of the following items, sentence A is complete, but
sentence B is incomplete. Complete sentence B each time making it
as similar as possible in meaning to sentence A. Make sentence B
one sentence, never two.
Do not make any changes to the printed parts of sentence B.
Example: A The boy is John. He broke the window last week.
B John …………………………………………….
Answer: John is the boy who broke the window last week.
1. A In your place, I would ask for a transfer to another school.
B If…………………………………………………………
2. A As we were chatting under a tree by the road side, a car
nearly hit us.
B
3. A
Chatting ……………………………………………….
Since you have completed Grade 12, you can go to the game
park for a holiday.
B
4. A
B
5. A
B
6. A
B
7. A
B
Now………………………………………………………..
My parents forced me to go school.
My parents made…………………………………………...
"I don't know if my friends will come tomorrow," John said.
John wondered……………………………………….……..
He is a cousin and a good friend of mine.
Not only…………………………………………………….
It is alleged that he stole from his neighbour.
He…………………………………………………………..
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8. A
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Both the Biology text book and the History text book
were in bad shape.
B
9. A
B
10.
Neither……………………………………………………
She doesn't know the answer. That is why she is doubting.
If…………………………………………………………………….
A
The building seems to be on fire.
B
It appears…………………………………………
Section 2 [10 Marks]
In each of the following sentences, four words have been put in
brackets. For each sentence, choose the best word and write it on
the question paper in the space provided.
Example: A
B
1.
She requested………water. (for, about, like with)
She requested for water.
The three boys shared the oranges………… themselves.
(within, between, to, among)
2.
Grade 12 pupils were congratulated ……….. their exemplary
behaviour. (for. on. of. in)
3.
Judy's voice could be heard……….. the noise.
(over, above, upon, through)
4.
Neither the headboy ……….. the headgirl attended the party.
(and, or, with, nor)
5.
Chromium is similar in appearance …… silver. (to, in, on, with)
6.
7.
The teacher is disappointed …….. the class. (in, to, with, of)
All hopes of winning the election seems to be fading………
(off, away, up, by).
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8.
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Did Mutinta account……………her failure in the examination?
(for, of, on, upon)
9.
Mwansa was forced to resign against his……………..
(mind, will, instinct, heart).
10.
The matter is still………consideration. (on, upon, for, under)
11.
Do not be jealous……..another's success. (of, with, about, over)
12.
The police asked for the description…..the thief.(on, of, about, for)
13.
A long time ago, our parents were subjected………harsh
treatment at school. (on, from, with, to)
14.
The reports deterred some women………having the operation.
(to, from, against, not)
15.
Some people have a very poor attitude ……….work.
(with, about, towards, for)
16.
Standing…………her mother, Jane greeted me.
(aside, besides, beside, along)
17.
I was astonished………….his behaviour. (by, with, on, at)
18.
Please find ways and…….of raising school fees for the orphans.
(methods, means, strategies, how)
19.
If I were you, I ………..study hard. (can, will, must, would).
20.
…………….. a bit of luck, we should win the match.
(By, For, With, From)
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Joint Examination for the school certificate
And General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Thursday
1 NOVEMBER 2012
2 hours
Question 1 Summary [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the
question that follows.
GOOD PRACTICE IN DAIRY FARMING
1. Animals that produce milk should be healthy. This requires that
a farmer maintains an effective health care programme. The
good agricultural practices that will ensure healthy animals should
at least consist of the following:
2. The most effective way to keep animals healthy is to prevent
entry of diseases on the farm. This means keeping a closed herd.
Essentially this means no new animals should enter the herd. If
you must buy animals from outside, buy animals of known health
status. Animals must be screened for diseases; the seller must
disclose the disease status of cattle and any treatment and
vaccinations that have been carried out. If this information is not
available, the purchased animals must be quarantined for a
period of time i.e. kept separate from the herd. Records of all
animal introductions must be kept.
3. Ensure that cattle transportation on and off the farm does
not introduce diseases. Therefore, no sick or dead cattle
should be transported on animal transport vehicles. Vehicles
that carry dead animals must not pick up animals without taking
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4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
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precautions to minimise spread of disease. All dead animals must
be removed or buried appropriately to prevent spread of disease.
You must have secure boundaries or fencing to prevent risk
of disease spreading between farms. If possible, limit access of
people and wildlife to the farm because people and vehicles
visiting a number of farms may spread disease between
farms. Keep records of all visitors and use protective clothing
and footwear. Tracks where pick up vehicles pass must be clear
of faecal material.
Ensure that vermin such as rodents, birds, insects and wild
animals that could introduce disease are controlled in milking
sheds, feed storage and animal housing.
Detect animal diseases early. You must have a permanent
identification system that will allow all animals to be identified
individually by all people who come into contact with them. For
example, tattooing, branding, ear tags, et cetera (etc) are good
identifying marks.
Develop an effective herd management programme that is
focused on prevention. This means a treatment plan for all
occurring diseases and preventive programme covering all areas
from dairy management, vaccinations to hygienic milk
production. Develop the herd health treatment in consultation
with a veterinarian.
Regularly check animals for signs of disease by observing and
using appropriate diagnosis for infectious diseases. Sick animals
must be attended to quickly. Keep sick animals isolated and
separate their milk. This will minimise spread of disease.
Remember to milk sick animals last.
Keep all written treatment records and identify treated animals.
This will allow others such as veterinarians who come to handle
animals to identify treated animals. Animal diseases should not pose
a health hazard to people; prevent transmission of diseases to
people through contaminated milk.
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10. Always use chemicals according to directions and observe
appropriate with-holding periods. Chemicals such as disinfectants,
detergents, antibiotics, anti-parasitics, herbicides, pesticides and
fungicides may leave residues in milk. So, farmers must use
chemicals only for the purpose for which they are approved. They
must also read the label which informs them on legal and safe use
of the chemical and must follow the advice given and minimum
times when milk should not be sold for human consumption.
Farmers should use chemicals in such a way that they prevent
having unacceptable chemical residues in milk and adverse effects
on animal health and productivity.
11. Only use veterinary medicines as prescribed by a veterinarian and
only use officially approved medicines and recommended doses. All
chemicals and veterinary medicines must be securely stored. They
must be responsibly disposed of to avoid contaminating food and
the environment.
12. Farm workers must be trained so that they are able to follow
procedures. There must be written procedures for detecting and
handling sick animals and veterinary medicines. The workers need
to know and understand the farm's health strategy. Training must
be an on-going process so that farm workers are competent to
understand the reason behind the farmer's actions. Make sure all
the workers are sufficiently trained to carry out their tasks. Choose
competent professionals to undertake treatment and other actions
on the farm.
(From The Post 'About Farming' by Judith Lungu)
Question:
According to the passage, what are the good practices in dairy
farming? Use not more than 125 words. Excess words will be
cancelled. The summary has been started for you.
A good farmer…………………………………………………………………….
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Question 2 Comprehension [20 marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer
the questions that follow.
THE MARABOU
1.
Of the many birds found in Africa, few have come under the
severe criticism that the marabou has suffered. The bird is
commonly portrayed as being mean, ugly and lacking good
motive. Clearly, the marabou has a serious public relations
problem.
2.
The marabou has neither elegant looks nor a melodious voice.
With a pink head and neck that are bereft of feathers, the bird
appears sullen and forlorn. In adults, a reddish inflatable pouch
resembling a thick round necktie hangs on the throat. Most
people feel that the pouch does little to adorn the creature.
Nobody knows the biological function of this pouch.
3.
The bird's feeding habits do little to endear it to observers. For
one thing, it is a carrion eater. When carcasses cannot be found,
it has been known to kill other birds to satisfy its healthy
appetite. Little wonder that many people seem to hate it with a
passion.
4.
The marabou is arguably the largest of the stork family. A fullgrown male can reach a height of 150 centimetres and weigh
over 8 kilograms. Females are slightly smaller. The bird's heavy,
wedge-shaped bill can grow to a length of more than 30
centimetres - a powerful asset in extracting pieces of meat from
a carcass.
5.
The job the marabou does as a parent is particularly admirable.
Indeed, parenting is a demanding occupation that starts with
the construction of a nest. After selecting a suitable location,
the male, to be joined later by a female, initiates the building
work. The nest, sometimes constructed 30 metres above the
ground, is nothing fancy. The one metre wide structure is little
more than a rough, open platform of dry sticks, tree branches
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6.
7.
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and leaves. In fact, a breeding bird will sometimes inherit an old
nest, giving it a new lease of life by adding twigs and other
materials. Some colonies of marabous have been known to
maintain a nest site for 50 years.
While the marabou has often been disdained as a carrion
eater, it actually performs quite a useful service. Predatory
animals leave the African plains littered with rotting carcasses.
Left unattended, these carcasses could easily spread
disease and be dangerous to both man and beast.
Nevertheless, the marabou performs the useful chore of
garbage removal. Together with vultures — also birds of prey
with healthy appetites — they survey the plains for an
abandoned kill. When one is located, the marabous will wait
for the more aggressive vultures to open the carcass with
their strong curved beaks. At a convenient moment, a marabou,
with its long bill drawn like a surgical knife, will make a quick
dash to the carrion, grab a piece of flesh, and return to the
sidelines awaiting another opportunity.
In recent years, the marabou has extended its sanitation work
beyond the wild. The bird has lost most of its fear of man and
is now a common visitor at city and village garbage dumps. The
result is a cleaner environment. The marabou even sifts
through the waste fluids from slaughterhouses, looking for any
remaining morsels. Just how tough this bird can be is illustrated
by the following example. While rummaging for scraps around a
slaughterhouse in Western Kenya, a marabou managed to swallow a
butcher knife. A few days later, the knife — clean and shiny — was
found near the same spot, while the marabou that had
regurgitated it carried on its business as usual, having suffered no
apparent ill effects!
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While its closest relative, the greater adjutant stork of Asia, is
diminishing, the African marabou flourishes. It has no known enemies
in the wild. In times past, the marabou's most cruel enemy was man.
The large stork was shot, and its soft backside feathers were
plucked to add beauty to women's head-dresses. Fortunately for
these birds, such wanton destruction has diminished over the
years, and their numbers are again on the rise. No doubt our brief
look at the marabou has revealed that it simply does not deserve to
be scorned and maligned. Its efficiency and industriousness in
cleaning the environment benefit us greatly.
(From Awake! August 8, 2001)
In each of the questions 1 — 9, select the best of the four choices given.
Show the letter of your choice by putting a ring around it on the
question paper, as in the example below. If you change your mind,
cross the ring very neatly. Answer question 10 according to instructions.
Example:
The passage is about • • •
A birds
B birds of prey
C vultures
D marabous
The best answer is D, and it has been ringed.
1.
According to Paragraph 1, the marabou has suffered severe criticism
because it is said to be mean • • •
A and ugly.
B without good motive and unsightly.
C and ugly with good motive.
D and melodious.
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2.
According to Paragraph 2, which one of the following statements is
true about the marabou's pouch?
A It has no biological function.
B Nobody knows its purpose.
C It undoubtedly adorns the marabou.
D Nobody knows its biological importance.
3.
According to Paragraph 3, which one of the following statements best
explains the marabou's feeding habits?
A It preys on other birds in times of scarcity.
B It feeds on innumerable other bird species.
C Eats other birds and the readily available carcasses.
D It is a carrion eater.
4.
According to the passage, of the stork family, the marabou is • • •
A the largest bird.
B larger than other species of birds.
C not the largest bird.
D one of the largest birds.
5.
What does a marabou use to extract pieces of meat from a carcass?
A Its sharp sight
B Its claws
C Its beak
D Its speed to snatch
6.
In Paragraph 5, the statement "Giving it a new lease of life..." means…
A inheriting an old nest.
B improving the condition of the nest.
C adding twigs and other materials.
D adjusting the nest.
7.
You would describe the behaviour of the marabou in Paragraph 6 as …
A aggressive.
B cowardly.
C cunning.
D patient.
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8.
Why was man in the past killing the marabou?
A For its feathers
B To make head-dresses
C For its meat
D It was making the place dirty
9.
The African marabou now flourishes because • • •
A
people no longer need its feathers.
B
people are too busy with other things.
C
people now see its usefulness.
D
it is still not liked.
10.
From the underlined words in the passage, find one word
which means the same or nearly the same as each of the
following words or phrases.
(i)
Searching for something by moving things carelessly…….
(ii)
Regarded as worthless……………………………………..
(iii) Slander or speak ill of………………………………………
(iv) Bring back swallowed food…………………………………
Question 3 Structure [20 marks]
Answer both Section 1 and Section 2
Section 1 [10 Marks]
In each of the following items, sentence A is complete, but sentence B
is incomplete. Complete sentence B each time making it as similar as
possible in meaning to sentence A. Make sentence B one sentence,
never two.
Do not make any changes to the printed parts of sentence B.
Example: A The boy is John. He broke the window last week.
B John
Answer: John is the boy who broke the window last week.
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1. A Jane is more ridiculous and lazier than any other child in the family.
B Jane is the
2. A The Headteacher was very angry with the noisy class.
Consequently, he punished them.
B So……………………………………………………
3.
A It was so shocking that she insulted her mother-in-law.
B That…………………………………………………..
4.
A George does not greet me. Neither does Judith.
B Neither ………………………………………………….
5. A Michael asked Namakau where her younger sister was. "
B ‘……………………………………….’asked Micheal.
6.
A I would rather drink water than beer.
B I prefer…………………………………………………..
7.
A The milk was bad. John threw it away.
B Being…………………………………………………….
8.
A I have never thought of that at any time.
B At no…………………………………………………….
9.
A I bought a pair of shoes.
Add the following adjectives in the correct order to describe the
pair of shoes in detail:- 'red, leather, attractive, high-heeled.'
B I bought pair of shoes………………………………………
10. A You don't have to come here tomorrow.
B You needn't………………………………………………….
Section 2 [10 marks]
Complete the following passage by supplying the missing word. Only
one word must be filled in the blank space.
The most common diseases found in Zambia are malaria, bilharzia and
other parasitic infections including hookworm and leprosy. By
(1)_________________ most prevalent of
(2)________________percent of admissions to hospital per month. It
(3)______________ of deaths in the country
(4)__________________________many people have it is not known. It
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is estimated (5)________________________ twenty-five percent of
children have malaria parasites (6)____________________the is
malaria, causing about five plenty among children. Exactly how over in
their blood. They may not cause serious malaria illness, but
together (7)______________malnutrition,
they cause weakness
and
(8)______________of energy over a long period of time. Moreover,
when these children catch measles or some infections of the stomach or
breathing organs, a high proportion of them die.
Bilharzia (9)________________to hospitals are also quite many. It is
very common especially (10)______________boys, and it causes long
term body weakness (11)________________left untreated. Every
effort is (12)__________________made to detect cases early and
(13)_______ them, to make the disease non-infectious.
Other tropical diseases no longer present a serious threat. Vaccination
of dogs and of people who have been (14)__________by a dog
suspected of being rabid, (15)__________made rabies rare. Leprosy is
equally very rare (16)_______hospitals.
Due to very widespread vaccination (17)_________have been fewer
cases of smallpox since 2000.
The spread of tuberculosis has (18) _________fairly stationary in recent
years. The main threat to Zambian's health is undoubtedly malnutrition.
Nutrition deficiencies alone or together with other diseases
(19)____________more suffering, disability and death among babies
and young children. Sadly, only few children
are(20)________________with the right food and brought to the clinics
for under-five care.
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Joint Examination for the school certificate
And General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Monday
7 OCTOBER 2013
2 hours
Question 1 Summary [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question
that follows.
1.
Corruption — defined as 'the abuse of public power for personal ends'
has always existed. During recent decades, however, it has grown
both in terms of geographic extent and intensity. Needless to say,
corruption and its effects can be seen from a multitude of
viewpoints. Corruption should be approached from the point of view
of the effects it has on development. It is intrinsically linked to
underdevelopment.
2.
As long as a person's normal income does not provide him with a
decent living, the door will always be open to bribes. It is, therefore,
through development that we should be attempting to eradicate
corruption. But we simply cannot wait for it to be stamped out
through development. In any case, development is hardly a
miracle cure; Italy, for instance, was precisely at the height of the
country's development when corruption became the norm.
3.
If we analyse some of the effects that corruption has on development,
the first thing we notice is that it increases the cost of goods and
services. The national economy ultimately suffers the consequences
of an unjustified surcharge on the goods or services, with the
difference being pocketed by some government official or politician
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4.
5.
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who has abused his power for his own personal gain. The corrupt
decision-maker may well be tempted to accept a sub-standard quality
of service which will make his personal profit all the greater. Thus, with
a road building project for example, complicity between
government departments and contractors may result in cornercutting with regard to agreed standards of quality so that the
savings made may be shared out between the two_parties4.
At their very worst, the disastrous effects of corruption mean that
the conception of a project and ultimately its very choice, are
determined by corruption. A good example would be the purchase of
technology which is wholly unsuited to the particular needs of a country
or the choice 0 a capital-intensive project, more lucrative in
terms of corruption,
rather than a labour-intensive one which
would nevertheless be far more beneficial to that nation's
development. The absolute peak of perversion, however, is when
the very choice of priorities - and therefore of projects - is
determined by corruption; the situations in which the real
development priorities of a country are neglected in favour of
operations which generate the greatest personal gain for the
decision-makers. Corruption is both the cause and the
consequence of underdevelopment.
In the final analysis, an economy undermined by corruption has
the effect of discouraging potential foreign investors and public
donors. Entrepreneurs have been known to withdraw from certain
African countries which are nevertheless rich in resources because
of the constraints imposed on them by corruption. As for public
donors, they are increasingly reluctant to offer financial aid to
those countries that manage their own resources poorly.
(Partly adapted from an article from The Courier ACP-EU)
(No. 158, July-August 1996: pages 68 - 70)
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Question
In not more than 120 words outline the effects of corruption on a
country. The summary has been started for you.
The effects of corruption on a country are……………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Question 2 Comprehension [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that
follow. Education System in Zambia
1.
The education policy in Zambia has gone through a number of
phases over the years, and the policy governing school fees has
mimicked the swing of a pendulum. In the early 1960s, education
was based on the premise of free education. In 1966, with the
passing of the Education Act, fees were introduced in the form
of both user fees and ParentnTeacher Association (PTA) fees.
These fees were moderate and considered affordable at all levels.
In the mid 1990s, as Zambia entered a period of liberalisation,
cost sharing became the official education policy. Parents began
paying the major share of spending in the education sector and
enrolment levels declined mainly as a result of the prohibitive
fees. It was because of pressure from the international
community (primarily through the International Monetary Fund,
IMF) that Zambia gradually shifted the burden of payment for
education from the government to Zambian households.
During the late 1990s, a number of community schools were
born to absorb pupils unable to access government schools,
especially the vulnerable. In 1998, approximately 200 community
schools provided education to an estimated 25 000 children and
this number had grown to over 3 000 schools by 2004, catering
for an estimated 228 000 pupils in Grades 1 — 9.
2.
Just recently the pendulum began to swing back again as the
Zambian government introduced Free Primary Education for
Grades 1 — 7 beginning the 2002 school year. This dramatic
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3.
4.
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change in policy resulted from a combination of international and
local pressure from organisations guided by a commitment to
human rights, such as the United Nations, the Jesuit Centre for
Theological Reflection and Oxfam-Zambia. Article 26 (1) of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights states: "Everyone has
the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the
elementary and fundamental stages."
In the year 2000, Zambia signed the United Nations Millenium
Development Goals, which call for the realisation of universal
primary education by the year 2015. According to the latest
progress report from the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP), it is likely that Zambia will meet this target
and national support of the goal is good (UNDP, 2005). Zambia
also participated in the World Education Forum in 2000, agreeing
to the realisation of universal primary education as part of the
"Education for All" action plan. The guidelines concerning the
administration of Free Primary Education in Zambia, as prepared
by the Ministry of Education, prohibit any pupil from being turned
away from a government school on account of not being able
to pay school fees or not having a school uniform (GRZ, 2004).
A recent background paper commissioned by the Education for
All Global Monitoring Report lists Zambia as 1 of 16 countries
(out of 92 World Bank client countries) that administers no fees
for primary education. However, concern remains that this
free education exists only on paper and in reality remains
unaffordable to poorer households.
(Extracted from how free is free education? The cost of education in
Zambia by Chris Petrauskis and Sheila Nkunika, 24th July 2006.)
In each of the questions 1 — 7, select the best of the four choices provided,
by drawing a ring around it as in the example below. If you change your
mind, cross out the ring very neatly.
Example: This passage is about...
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A
the cost of living in Zambia.
B the education system in Zambia.
C
the history of Zambian education.
D
education policy.
B is the best answer, as you can see, it has been ringed.
1.
According to Paragraph 1, the policy governing school fees ...
A
changed due to the influence of the IMF.
B has been based on the concept of free education.
C has not been stable over the years.
D suggests that cost sharing became a burden to many households.
2.
In Paragraph 1, the expression "prohibitive fees" is used to show .• •
A
how expensive it became for parents to pay for their children.
B
how high the fees became in the 1990s.
C
that pupils who did not pay school fees were not allowed in
school.
D
the effects of fees on education.
Why is the change concerning school fees regarded as dramatic?
A
It took international and local organisations to pressure
government to change.
B
It was a positive change.
C
It was interesting to have free Primary Education from Grades1 to 7.
D
The change was rather sudden and surprising.
According to the passage, in the early 1960s • • •
A
fees became high due to the passing of the Education Act.
B
fees were relatively low and parents could afford to pay.
C
fees were very low and many parents could afford to pay.
D
no fees were paid towards education.
3.
4.
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5.
The main reason community schools were introduced was to ...
A
cater for vulnerable children who cannot access government
schools.
B
help increase pupils' access to free education.
C
help the vulnerable children access school in rural areas.
D
serve communities where some pupils cannot go to government
schools.
6.
The United Nations' Millenium Development Goals • • •
A
advocate achievement of universal primary education by 2015.
B
aim at providing universal primary education by 2015.
C
are goals countries like Zambia have set towards education
development.
D
are goals guiding the provision of Universal Primary Education.
Which statement is true according to the passage?
A
Zambia will meet the target of providing universal primary
education by 2015.
B
By law, no pupil should be turned away from primary school for
not being able to pay school fees or not having a school uniform.
C
At the moment, Zambia is 1 of the 16 countries providing free
education at all levels.
D
According to the Education for all Global Monitoring Report,
Zambia offers free primary education.
From the passage, write the one sentence which indicates that in fact
education in Zambia is not free…………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………..
Find words from those underlined in the passage which are synonyms
or have nearly the same meaning as the following words or phrases:
Spell the word correctly. (One word only)
A
Providing…………………………………………………………
B
To copy closely………………………………………………
C
Basic…………………………………………………………..
D
Within reasonable limits………………………………………
7.
8.
9.
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10.
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From the words underlined in the passage, find antonyms (opposite
meaning) of the following words or phrases: Spell the word correctly.
(One word only).
A
Not at risk or not helpless………………………………………
B
No admission…………………………………………………….
C
Prohibitive…………………………………………………………..
D
Not remarkable or not spectacular…………………………….
Question 3
Structure
Answer both Section 1 and Section 2
Section 1: Transformations [10 Marks]
In each of the following items, sentence A is complete, but sentence
B is incomplete. Complete sentence B each time making it as similar
as possible in meaning to sentence A. Make sentence B one
sentence, never two.
Do not make any changes to the printed parts of sentence B.
Example: A He is very lazy. He cannot pass the examination
B He is so
Answer: He is so lazy that he cannot pass the examination.
1.
A
2.
B
A
B
Pupils should not be allowed free access to the staffroom on
any account.
On…………………………………………………staffroom.
He doesn't understand and he doesn't sympathise with anyone.
He neither…………………………………………………….
A
B
A
B
A
B
It is unfortunate that man is naturally selfish and possessive.
Man,………………………………………………………..
The lamp was lit at 18:00 hours. It burnt until midnight.
Lit…………………………………………………………
You do it again.
You have…………………………………………………
3.
4.
5.
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6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
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Both Peter and John are intelligent.
Neither……………………………………………………
Mr Chama said, "Son, wake up early tomorrow morning."
Mr Chama reminded……………………………………..
The venue for the party has been arranged by the girls.
The girls…………………………………………………..
No one believes Francis because he always tells lies.
Because……………………………………………………
You are coming with us.
Add a question tag………………………………………….
Section 2:
Lexis [10 Marks]
In each of the following sentences, three words have been put in
brackets. For each sentence, choose the best word and write it on the
question paper in the space provided. DO NOT UNDERLINE YOUR
ANSWER. SPELL THE WORD CORRECTLY.
Example: A
I will……….a poem by Shakespeare. (sight, cite, site)
B
I will cite a poem by Shakespeare.
1.
The children…………very excited. (where, were, wear)
2.
The teacher discussed the matter…………(feather, farther, further)
3.
All the doctor's efforts to resuscitate her was in……(vane, vein, vain)
4.
This is the man……….son has drowned. (who's, whose, whom)
5.
The girls were asking…../it would rain or not.
(wheather, whether, weather)
6.
Kafula and Chansa ate……..food in the pack. (they, their, there)
7.
The young teacher was…promoted to the post of Deputy Head
teacher. (later, latter, letter)
8.
Mufulo's shop has empty shelves. (grossary, glossary, grocery)
9.
Mwangala was……….wrong. (definitely, definately, defenitely)
10. The Benguela Railway was closed because of the…….warfare in
Angola. (gorila, gorrilla, guerrilla)
11. Teaching is a noble…………(proffesion, profession, proffession)
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12.
Children are right now playing behind that tractor which is
(stationary, stationery, stationely)
13. She………….lemons to apples. (prefered, preffered, preferred)
14. Our mango tree has…….plenty of fruit this year. (born, bore, borne)
15. After singing at the concert the whole night, Mwaba's voice
sounded a bit…………….. (hose, hoarse, horse)
16. Some Zambian singers are indeed……….artists. (skillfull, skilful, skilfull)
17. Cyprian…………the baby on a reed mat. (lie, laid, lain)
18. He was accused of stealing, but he……this.
(denied, refused, rejected)
19. A minister in charge of the ………….. of the vulnerable has been
appointed. (wellfare, welfare, warfare)
20. Building the university of Zambia……this country a lot of
money. (spent, costed, cost)
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Joint Examination for the school certificate
And General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Thursday
6 OCTOBER 2014
2 hours
Question 1 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question
that follows.
1. Blood pressure is the force blood exerts against blood vessel walls. Blood
pressure is measured in millimetres of mercury and physicians classify
patients as hypertensive when their blood pressure is above 140/90.
2. What makes blood pressure increase? Imagine that you are watering
your garden. By opening the faucet or by reducing the calibre or diameter
of the jet of water, you increase the pressure of the water. The same
occurs with blood pressure. Increasing the rate of flow of blood or
decreasing the calibre of the blood vessel elevates the blood pressu re.
How does high blood pressure occur? Many factors are involved.
3. Researchers have discovered that if a person has relatives with high blood
pressure, his chances of suffering from the disease are greater. Statistics
indicate a higher incidence of hypertension in identical twins than in
fraternal twins. One study refers to the "mapping of the genes responsible
for arterial hypertension," all of which would confirm the existence of a
hereditary component responsible for high blood pressure. The risk of
abnormally high blood pressure is also known to increase with age and to
be greater among black males.
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4. Watch your diet! Salt (sodium) can boost blood pressure in some people,
especially people with diabetes, those with severe hypertension, older
people and some blacks. Excess fat in the bloodstream can create
deposits of cholesterol on the internal walls of blood vessels
(atherosclerosis) thus, reducing their calibre and increasing blood pressure.
People who are more than 30 percent above their ideal body weight are
liable to have high blood pressure. Studies suggest that increasing the
intake of potassium and calcium may lower blood pressure.
5. Smoking is related to a greater risk of atherosclerosis, diabetes, heart
attack and stroke. That being so, smoking and high blood pressure
are a dangerous combination that can lead to cardiovascular disease.
Although the evidence is contradictory, caffeine contained in coffee, tea
and cola drinks — and emotional and physical stress may also aggravate
high blood pressure. In addition, scientists know that intensive or chronic
consumption of alcoholic drinks and lack of physical activity can increase
blood pressure.
6. It would be a mistake to wait for high blood pressure to develop before
taking positive steps. A healthful lifestyle should be a concern from
an early age. For the obese, researchers recommend a balanced lowcalorie diet, avoiding fast and "miracle" diets while maintaining a
programme of moderate physical exercise. With regard to salt, they
suggest a consumption of no more than six grams or one teaspoon per
day. In practice, that means cutting to a minimum the use of salt in food
preparation, as well as minimising canned foods, cold cuts and smoked
foods. Salt intake can also be reduced by refraining from adding extra
salt during meals and by checking the packaging of processed foods to
see how much salt has been added.
Question
In not more than 110 words, explain the causes of high blood pressure
and outline ways in which it can be controlled. Your answer should be
based on the passage. The summary has been started for you.
There are so many causes of high blood pressure. Among them are…………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Question 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions
that follow.
1. The clothes we wear have important hidden meaning that have nothing
to do with decency, comfort or health. A suit and a collar and tie do more
for their owner than keep him covered; they tell the world that he is a
man and not a boy; and a person of some education and standing, not a
nobody. A man's clothes also provide him with an opportunity to display
his taste, to
express his personality and to show the world how he regards himself. His
clothes also show what standards he chooses to conform to and what
group he accepts as his kind of people. To other members of this group,
his clothes say, 'Here comes one of us.'
2. Uniforms, which are impersonal clothes, have quite different purposes.
They mark the part that people play in the drama of life, distinguishing the
soldier from the policemen, the air hostess from mere passengers, or the
school prefect from the rank and file. They also serve sometimes to glorify
the wearer who stands out in public catching the eye and stubbing the
heart by the splendour of his attire. The Archbishop's mite, the Speaker's
wig, the President's plume and the Chancellor's gown are designed to
impress. Uniforms have also from the beginning of history been used as a
help to discipline. Men who dress alike can for that reason be more easily
led to behave alike, to act together and to follow a common purpose.
3. The value of school uniforms is more open to debate. Some teachers
believe it helps in establishing a spirit of unity and co-operation in school.
Uniforms certainly make learners look neater and tidier and enable them
to be recognised as members of a particular school outside its walls.
Others argue that school uniforms tend to suppress individuality, to make
learners look too much alike, and to rob them of the opportunity of
learning how to dress themselves appropriately. Those who dislike
uniformity usually point to the extreme dullness and ugliness of many
school uniforms.
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4. What learners think about uniforms is not so easy to discover. There is no
doubt that the first uniform is worn with pride. It is a badge of success. It
advertises the triumph of having earned admission to a new and splendid
school. But this warmth does not always last. In two or three years, boys
begin to feel that they are no longer little boys and do not want to look
like them. Shorts become a burden and they long for trousers with sharp
creases and ties of their own
choices. Girls want something much more glamorous to make their own
sex envious and the other interested. The necessity of wearing a uniform
becomes resented and the rules requiring it are frequently broken.
5. Few teachers and not many learners or parents would support either
extreme position. It is not sensible to prescribe exactly every garment
from shoes to hair ribbon or cap to sandals, saying exactly what shall be
worn at every minute of the day. Some freedom of choice must be
allowed. On the other hand, if complete freedom results in female
students in the Sixth Form reporting with tight skirts, stiletto and false
eyelashes, some limitation of free choice is bound to be demanded.
6. Even with the most liberal rules, there will always be one or two in a large
community who hate the whole business of uniformity. Some schools
seek to repress their extravagance which they regard as a revolt against
authority, but a more tolerant attitude certainly leads to less ill-feeling.
The words of one Deputy Headteacher may perhaps stand for current
sensible practice. "We don't fight the few who seem under a compulsion
to stun us with their originality. We try to keep our expectations
reasonable and make changes from time to time as a result of discussion.
Very few girls feel diminished by what we ask them to wear at school;
most of them are quite happy about it. The result is that at this school,
practically all the learners are content to wear school uniforms and we
allow the one or two who object strongly to remain exceptions."
In each of the questions 1— 9, select the best of the four choices given.
Show the letter of your choice by putting a ring around it on the
question paper, as in the example below. If you change your mind,
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cross the ring very neatly. Answer question 10 according to
instructions
Example: This passage is about...
A
dress codes.
B
positive thinking.
C
school.
D
uniforms.
D is the best answer and, as you can see, it has been ringed.
1.
The first sentence of the passage says that ...
A
clothes have nothing to do with decency, comfort or health.
B
decency, comfort and health are not the only things that matter
about the clothes that people wear.
C
the connection between clothes and decency, comfort and health
is important but difficult tosee.
D
to wear a suit and a collar and tie is not decent, healthy or
comfortable.
2.
Paragraph 1 argues that one's choice of clothes is ...
A
entirely determined by one's state and personality.
B
is determined by one's level of education.
C
is entirely determined by one's job and social status.
D
to express one's individualism or a sense of belonging.
3.
According to Paragraph 2, uniforms serve a number of different
purposes. These are to ...
A
distinguish the army from the police and prefects from the rest of
the learners.
B
glorify, distinguish and to maintain discipline.
C
glorify Archbishops, Speakers, Presidents and Chancellors.
D
make people behave alike, work together and follow the same
aims.
4.
According to the writer, which of the following statements contain facts
about school uniforms? School uniforms ...
A
help in establishing a spirit of unity in a school and hide the
difference between the rich and the poor.
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B
5.
6.
7.
8.
make learners look neater and tidier and enables them to be
recognised as members of the same school.
C
suppress individuality and make learners look dull and ugly.
D
tend to make learners appear too much alike and rob them of
the opportunity to learn to dress properly.
According to Paragraph 4, what do learners think about school
uniforms?
A
It is difficult to discover what learners think.
B
They are pleased with them at first but like them less as they get
older.
C
They like them because they are a badge of success.
D
They like them when they are prefects because they distinguish
them from the rest of the learners.
According to Paragraph 5, what are the two extreme positions
mentioned?
A
Making boys wear sandals and girls wear shoes.
B
Prescribing every garment and having some limitations of choice.
C
Forcing girls to wear hair ribbons and letting them wear false
eyelashes.
D
Giving learners no choice and letting them wear what they please.
The beginning of paragraph six suggest that ...
A
although some schools allow a great deal of freedom about
dress, they still find a few learners who object to any kind of
uniform.
B
a tolerant attitude to learners who revolt against authority leads
to ill-feeling.
C
even schools with the most liberal rules have to surprise the one
or two rebels who hate the whole business of uniformity.
D
liberal school rules encourage learners to object to wearing any
kind of school uniform.
‘................. or the school prefect from the rank and file.' According to
Paragraph 2, what does rank and file mean?
A
Ranking prefects in the order of importance.
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9.
10.
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B
Ranking learners in the order of importance.
C
The ordinary members of a school and not the leaders.
D
The leaders of a school and not the ordinary members.
Which one of the following is true according to the passage?
A
Clothes have an important hidden meaning.
B
Learners tend to like uniforms forever.
C
Uniforms are designed to impress the people.
D
Uniforms make the wearers feel inferior.
Match the following words in X with their meaning in Y. The first
one has been done for you as an example.
X
Y
(i) Stun (Para. 6)
(a) narrow high heeled shoes
(ii) Splendour (Para.2)
(b) large feathers
(iii) Stiletto (Para. 5)
(c) over spending
(iv) Extravagances (Para. 6)
(d) shock
(v) Plume (Para. 2)
(e) great beauty
X
Y
(i)
d (Example)
(ii)
(iii)
(vi)
(v)
Question 3 STRUCTURE
[20 MARKS]
Answer both Section 1 and Section 2
Section 1: Transformations [10 Marks]
In each of the following items, sentence A is complete, but sentence B
is incomplete. Complete sentence B each time making it as similar as
possible in meaning to sentence A. Make sentence B one sentence,
never two.
Do not make any changes to the printed parts of sentence B.
Example: A He is very lazy. He cannot pass the examination.
B
He is so………………………………………………….
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Answer: He is so lazy that he cannot pass the examination.
1.
A It hardly rains in the desert. Provide a question tag.
B It…………………………………………………………………..
2.
A "Chanda has a health problem," noted Aunt Linda, "and she needs
specialist attention." Rewrite in Reported Speech.
B Aunt Linda noted…………………………………………………
3.
A Crop yields are often poor since the area experiences droughts.
B Owing……………………………………………………………..
4.
A After he was convinced that his learners had understood the
lesson, Mr Phiri left the class.
B Having……………………………………………………….
5.
A All the girls are beautiful.
B None………………………………………………………..
6.
A He was very skilful. He scored three goals in one match.
B ……………………………………………………………….
…………………………..that he scored three goals in one match.
7.
A Mr Mubita was surprised that his sister visited him at a time he
least expected her.
B To……………………………………………………………..
8.
A I will not do the work unless you ask John to help me.
B Provided……………………………………………………….
9.
A
Teachers blame learners for poor results at Grade Twelve.
B
Learners……………………………………………………….
10. A
Sugar prices will go up sharply next week. That is unavoidable.
B
That…………………………………………………………..
Section 2: Vocabulary
[10 Marks]
From the given two options, choose one which completes the
sentence correctly. Write your answer in the spaces provided. Ensure
your answer is spelt correctly.
Example: Give me a……………….. of meat.
(a) piece
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
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(b) peace
Answer: Give me a piece of meat.
Would you_______________ me your pen?
(a) borrow
(b) lend
______________ of the seasons!
(a) Complement
(b) Compliment
Lisa prefers to ______ all the mangoes before serving her children.
(a) peal
(b) peel
Our _______ Master has been transferred to another school.
(a) Careers'
(b) Carriers'
The Ward _______has been suspended for allocating plots illegally.
(a) Councillor
(b) Counsellor
She is a woman of French __________
(a) decent.
(b) descent.
Will you __________________________
(a) get dressed?
(b) dress up?
Mama Kankasa is considered a ______________________
(a) heroin.
(b) heroine.
It is our _____________ obligation to respect elders.
(a) moral
(b) morale
A team was given a ____________ reception.
(a) loyal
(b) royal
We were ______________ by events.
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12
13
14
15
16
17
18
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20
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(a) overtaken
(b) taken over
The whole crowd was ______ when Mbesuma missed the penalty.
(a) quiet
(b) quite
Wishing to avoid a riot, the __ gave all workers fewer hours of work.
(a) Principal
(b) Principle
_______________ makes perfect.
(a) Practise
(b) Practice
We bought the _______________ from Book World.
(a) stationary
(b) stationery
I _________________ why he did it.
(a) wander
(b) wonder
At lunch time, I ate a _______________________ bun.
(a) currant
(b) current
When it rained last night, there was so much thunder and ________
(a) lightening.
(b) lightning.
Mr Mwape and his wife failed to come to the meeting ____________
(a) altogether.
(b) all together.
We need advertise our car for __________
(a) sale.
(b) sell.
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Joint Examination for the school certificate
And General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Friday
2 OCTOBER 2015
2 hours
Question 1: Summary [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question
that follows.
CELL PHONES
1. When cell phones were first introduced to the public, they were bulky,
expensive, and some even required a base unit that had to be
transported along with the phone. Good reception was a major problem
and in general, early cell phones could only be used in certain locations
where the signal was particularly strong. As cell phone technology
advanced, the difficulty in using them became less of a problem. Today,
cell phone reception has improved greatly due to the use of satellites
and wireless services. As cell phones improved and became simple to
use, the importance of cell phones increased accordingly.
2. A cell phone is a perfect way to stay connected with others and provide the
user with a sense of security. In the event of an emergency, having a
cell phone can allow help to reach you quickly and could possibly save
lives. However, the importance of cell phones goes way beyond personal
safety. Modern cell phones are capable of internet access, sending and
receiving photos and files, and some cell phones are equipped with
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, allowing for use in most
locations around the world and allowing the cell phone to be found
or the user located in the event of loss or emergency.
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3. Cell phone reception has become reliable and of high quality due to
advances in wireless technology. Wireless service providers offer
excellent packages and promotions for cell phone users. Finding a
dependable service provider is no longer an issue for cell phone users.
The expansion of the wireless service provider industry gives cell
phone users a choice and the increased competition has caused a drop in
prices of wireless cell phone service. The importance of cell phones
goes way beyond the ability to make or receive phone calls. Cell
phone users can instantly send data to the home or office, check for
important email, use their cell phone as a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)
or calendar, and store photos which can be easily transferred to a Personal
Computer (PC) or laptop computer.
4. Cell phone manufacturers have produced a wide range of cell phones,
which sell for prices that range from very inexpensive to over one
thousand dollars. The available options give users the choice of
purchasing a basic cell phone to use simply for making calls, or choosing
a complex, technologically advanced cell phone that can perform as many
or even more tasks than a home computer. Over the past decade, the
increasing importance of cell phones has made them almost a necessity
for most people. Even remote and underdeveloped countries have some
access to cell phone technology and wireless services.
5. The importance of cell phones has increased the competition in the
wireless service provider industry, making cell phones very affordable
and very easy to use. Cell phones have become almost a status symbol
in addition to the convenience and security that comes from owning
them.
(Taken from: Keith Kingston http://eziroarticles.corn)
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Question:
According to the passage, cite the different ways in which a cell
phone is important today.
Do not use more than 135 words. Excess words will not be
considered as part of your summary. The summary has been
started for you as follows:
A cell phone is important today in many ways. It………………………
…………………………………………………………………….…………………………...
Question 2: Comprehension [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that
follow:
WRONG CHOICES
1. I was born in a God-fearing family and my parents always encouraged us to
go to church though I knew inwardly that I was not really a devout
believer. I always hated waking up early in the morning on Saturdays and
Sundays but I had to do so just to please my parents.
2. Time came when I had to leave home. I was among the top ten that had
been selected to go to the University of Zambia from my school. I was
overjoyed as I now knew that no one would tell me what to do against my
will. I was 'free' at last.
3. During the first month of the first semester at campus, I made a lot of
acquaintances which I have lived to regret up to this day. All these friends
had several priorities of which education was the least placed.
4. Despite coming from a humble background, I hated being broke. I would
do anything humanly possible to make sure I had cash in my purse. Little
did I know I was headed for destruction? In the second semester of my
first year, I got involved with drug barons, gangsters and prostitutes. I
stopped attending lectures regularly and consoled myself that I would do
last minute catch-ups. Alas! My timing proved me wrong.
5. One Friday morning as I lay in my bed relaxing, I heard someone calling me,
"Milika! Milika! Come out. You have visitors here!" It was Ngambo, my
course-mate. I quickly jumped out of my bed, clad in a 'chitenge and rushed
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outside. I was dumbfounded when I saw Sililo and Kabwe, the drug cartel
leaders standing in the company of four other men whom I later learnt
were policemen. There was kerfuffle as multitudes of students came to
record every detail of what was happening.
6. "Milika, you are under arrest," the policeman said. My world came to a
standstill, I did not understand what was going on for five good minutes. My
mind went blank. "How could I be so greedy as to create my own
destruction? What will my parents think of me?"
7. For the first time in my life I felt exasperated. As the adage goes
'chance comes but once in a person's life time'. I had destroyed my
golden chance of becoming a degree holder. On that fateful day, I was
arrested. A month later, I was tried and jailed for five years with hard
labour. During my jail sentence, I repented and promised myself that I
would be a dependable citizen. More than anything else, I resolved to
serve my sentence with all my strength.
8. Today I am a no body with only a Grade Twelve certificate. Now I
understand that we need to heed our parents' advice because
parents are custodians of wisdom.
In each of the questions 1 — 8, select the best of the four choices given.
Show the letter of your choice by putting a ring around it on the question
paper, as in the example below. If you change your mind, cross the ring
very neatly. Answer question 9 according to instructions.
Example:
The passage is about.........
A
Milika.
B
making right choices.
C
drug dealers.
D
being jailed.
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The best answer is B, and it has been ringed.
1.
According to Paragraph 1, the writer ...
A
attended church out of self-will.
B
pleased God and her parents.
C
pretended to believe in God.
D
was a dedicated Christian.
2.
In Paragraph 2, why was the writer overjoyed? She …….
A
had made a lot of friends.
B
was free from parental control.
C
was one of the top ten.
D
was selected to go to university.
3.
In Paragraph 4, the writer implies that people from a poor
background should ……
A
accept being without money.
B
always have money in their purse.
C
hate being broke.
D
work very hard.
4.
In Paragraph 5, the writer was dumbfounded because
A
her course-mate called her name.
B
she clad herself in a `chitenge'.
C
the drug cartel leaders came to campus.
D
she saw a lot of students.
5.
Which of the following led to Milika's arrest?
A
Freedom
B
Greed
C
Prostitution
D
Poverty
6.
In Paragraph 7, the writer says she was exasperated. Which of the
following is not a reason for the exasperation?
A
The arrest
B
The jailing
C
The repentance
D
The trial
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7.
8.
9.
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In Paragraph 8, one can conclude that the writer is ...
A
cautious.
B
melancholic.
C
remorseful.
D
thoughtful.
According to the passage, Milika was a ...
A
prostitute.
B
gangster.
C
drug baron.
D
drug dealer.
Match each word below with its given corresponding meaning in
the table. Write the word next to the definition in the table.
Numbers (i), (iv) and (vi) have been done for you as examples.
Spell each word correctly.
— multitudes (Para 5)
— barons (Para 4)
— exasperate (Para 7)
— dumbfounded (Para 5)
— adage (Para 7)
— cartel (Para 5)
— devout (Para 1)
— kerfuffle (Para 5)
— semester (Para 3)
— custodian (Para 8)
— acquaintance (Para 3)
— priorities (Para 3)
— destruction (Para 4)
Column A
Column B
Example: (i) Semester
One of the periods into which a year is
divided at a university or college.
Extremely powerful persons in a
(ii)
particular area of business.
(iii)
A strong believer.
Example: (iv) Destruction
Causing or wanting to cause damage.
To make someone very annoyed,
(v)
usually when they can do nothing to
solve a problem.
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Example: (vi) Priorities
(vii)
(viii)
(xi)
(x)
(xi)
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Things that are very important and
must be dealt with before other things.
So shocked that you cannot speak.
Somebody that you have met but do
not know very well.
A wise saying.
People responsible for looking after
somebody or something.
Noise, excitement and argument.
Question 3: Structure
Answer both Section 1 and Section 2
Section 1: Transformations
[10 Marks]
In each of the following items, Sentence A is complete, but Sentence B is
incomplete. Complete Sentence B each time making it as similar as
possible in meaning to Sentence A. Make Sentence B one sentence,
never two.
Do not make any changes to the printed parts of Sentence B.
Example: A You will fail the examinations unless you work hard.
B You will fail the examinations if ……………………
Answer: You will fail the examinations if you do not work hard.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A
"Ben, will you take me out for dinner tomorrow?" asked
Misozi.
B
Misozi asked Ben………………………………………….
A
Although she was hungry, Chola did not eat at the wedding.
B
Despite……………………………………………………………….
A
Peter did not ride the bicycle carefully. He fell and broke his leg.
B
If……………………………………………………………………..
A
None of the boys in my class played soccer.
B
All………………………………………………………………………….
A
As soon as he got home, Mwape started feeling sick.
B
Scarcely………………………………………………………………..
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6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
A
B
A
B
A
a
B
A
B
A
B
SUCCESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
She was upset by the suggestion that women could not make
good presidents.
The suggestion……………………………………………………
The old woman's chitenge was very old. No one could mend it.
The ………………………………………………………… mended.
As Mary came out of the house, a strange man dragged her into
car and drove off.
Coming………………………………………………………………….
Take that dirty bucket away. Add a question tag?
Take…………………………………………………………………
The school debate club and five other teams are contesting in the
inter-schools competition.
Use 'as well as' instead of 'and'
The school debate club…………………………………………….
Section 2: Lexis [10 Marks]
Fill in the blank spaces by selecting only one word from the table below.
Spell each word correctly.
treated
crowd
interesting fiddle
crying
slithering
basket
dusk
stitch
dawn
fierce
waist
running
rumbled
from
screeching
patiently
bloated
snap
wailed
emphasised
nail
retained
twinkle
audience
bleating
croaked
stealthily
seldom
curiosity
nonsense
necessity
1
The stars………………………..in the pitch dark nights.
2 Have you heard the sheep ………………………..?
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Barking dogs…………………. bite.
4 I did not see the car. I just heard the………………………of brakes.
5 After exercising for six months, I was as fit as a……………………….
6 Sungwe saw a snake………………………..in the green grass.
7
Mutinta was so hungry that her stomach………………….like thunder.
8 The tourists enjoyed the sight of the setting sun at………………….
9
A…………………..in time saves nine.
10 The police fought……………………..battles with the rioters.
11 The headteacher………………………discipline in school.
12 The coach………………………the old team for the final match.
13 We were……………………to a delicious meal by our host.
14 The girl was discouraged ………………….. going into marriage early.
15 Don't put all your eggs in one………………………………
16 …………………………….is the mother of invention.
17 I think what the man said was all stuff and………………………..
18 The cat walked…………………towards the unsuspecting bird.
19 Always wait……………………..for your chance to come because good things
come to those who wait.
20 The Zambian Football Team fought tooth and……………….to qualify for the
2013 Africa Cup of Nations.
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Examination for the school certificate
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Tuesday
25 OCTOBER 2016
2 hours
Answer all three questions
Question 1: Structure
(20 Marks)
Answer both Section 1 and 2
Section 1: Vocabulary (10 marks)
From the four options provided, select the best word (s) which is or
are closest in meaning to the underlined one in the sentence. Draw
a circle around your answer as indicated in the example below. If
you change your answer, cross out the circle neatly.
Example
Many factories suffered substantial damage last year.
A
Existence
B
Little
C
Noticeable
D
Solid
C is the best answer and it has been circled.
1
The production of maize in Zambia soared from 700 000 metric
tonnes to 900 000 metric tonnes.
A
Flew
B
Grew
C
Reduced
D
Roared
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3
4
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The wisdom that we have was passed on to us by our ancestors.
A
Forefathers
B
Historians
C:
Predecessors
D
Successors
Most people don't know that many millionaires are tight-fisted.
A
Generous
B
Industrious
C
Miserly
D
Modest
Although she was poor, she had ample fund to cover tuition fees
for her two sons.
A
Superb
B
Sufficient
C
Sample
D
Luxious
All living things have attributes that are peculiar to them.
A
Cells
B
Flaws
C
Traits
D
Viruses
The Head teacher rebuked the typist for the numerous mistakes
that she had made in the document.
A
Insulted
B
Praised
C
Retorted
D
Scolded
General workers are also referred to as "blue collar workers".
A
Applied to
B
Concerned with
C
Regarded as
D
Related to
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The Supreme Court reversed the decision of the High Court.
[1]
A
Opposed
B
Overturned
C
Returned
D
Revised
Victor and I handled the problem with ease.
A
Dealt in
B
Dealt with
C
Help up
D
operated on
Samuel Matete set a world record time in the 400-metre hurdles in
the 1996 Olympic Games.
A
Established
B
Found
C
Promised
D
Proposed
She achieved only a glimmer of what she had hoped to do.
A
Reached
B
Fetched
C
Attempted
D
Accomplished
We did our best to overcome the challenge caused by the power
outages.
A
Defeat
B
Get to know
C
Ignore
D
Understand
This is authentic leather.
A
Expensive
B
Famous
C
Genuine
D
Well-known
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16
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We replaced delicate exotic trees with sturdy local trees.
A
Heavy
B
Straight
C
Strong
D
Tall
We are optimistic that human ingenuity would find ways to
overcome food shortages.
A
Cleverness
B
Curiosity
C
Findings
D
Inventions
The notorious criminal kicked the bucket.
A
Died
B
Escaped
C
Hit the bucket
D
Store the bucket
A number of schools have mushroomed in recent years. [1]
A
Decreased slowly
B
Developed slowly
C
Developed steadily
D
Increased quickly
It was forecast that there would be a severe drought.
[1]
A
Deduced
B
Imagined
C
Observed
D
Predicted
The hostilities between the two countries heightened in 1989. [1]
A
Escalated
B
Started
C
Stopped
D
Was resolved
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She had adequate food to feed the visitors.
A
A few
B
A little
C
Few
B
Little
[1]
Section 2: Transformations
(10 Marks)
In each of the following items, Sentence A is complete, but Sentence B
is incomplete. Complete Sentence B each time making it as similar as
possible in meaning to Sentence A. Make Sentence B one sentence,
never two. Do not make any changes to the printed parts of Sentence
B.
Example:
A
The boy is John. He broke the window last week.
B
John ………………………………………………………………………………...
Answer: John is the boy who broke the window last work.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
The teacher and her learners are working hard toward the
attainment of good results.
The teacher, in collaboration with…………………………………………
This woman's patience is surprising.
This woman…………………………………………………………………………
It was reported that she had died of cerebral malaria.
She was………………………………………………………………………………...
You will manage to find him next Thursday.
Not until ………………………………………………………………………………
"I am not responsible for this loss in any way, " said the
goalkeeper.
The goalkeeper said that………………………………………………………
You will emerge victorious provided you remain focused.
Unless………………………………………………………………………………...
Let us meet and discuss this issue.
It is high time………………………………………………………………………
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A
B
A
B
A
B
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One should be courageous and determined to succeed in
politics.
It takes………………………………………………………………………………...
Immediately Andy won the race, he fainted.
No sooner had………………………………………………………………………
Although Betty is very tall, she is not good at long jump.
In spite of………………………………………………………………………………
Question 2: Comprehension (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions
that follow.
1
Human language is meant to reveal and share something about
ourselves. There are two main types of communication: symbolic
and empathic. Symbolic communication consists of spoken or
written language, signs and gestures. It covers such vastly different
things as mathematics, instruments, panels, scoreboards, barber
poles, signal lights, secret codes and so on.
2
Empathic communication is non—verbal; it is more of an exchange
of feelings. We cannot ignore or belittle its importance because
the greater part of our communication is made of unspoken
feelings and emotions.
3
Language is a complex of signs. Language is written if it consists of
signs written on stone, wood, metal, paper or any other material.
It is spoken when the talk is carried on through pronounced words.
It is ideagraphic if symbols express ideas. For instance, eyes
represent sight and ears hearing. The Chinese system is an
example of the ideagraphic language.
4
Language is phonetic or phonographic if particular signs are given
particular meanings and these signs are made use of in
communication. Shorthand and coded language are examples.
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When our words fail to convey adequately all that we feel and
would like to express, non—verbal communication or body
language takes place.
Psychologists have found that our communication is mainly non—
verbal. We communicate a good 30 percent through symbols.
These can be clothes, hairstyle, cosmetics, jewellery or gifts. Most
importantly, we communicate through actions of the body such as
gestures, facial expression, a hug, eye contact and tics.
Our non—verbal behaviour speaks loud and clear to the listener as
his or her non-verbal behaviour tells us how he or she is feeling.
Non-verbal language is more apt to indicate how one's mental
attitude and emotions stand.
Body language is more impressive than word. It is expressed in the
tone of voice, the look in the eyes, the smile, the frown and the
way in which the hands are used.
An adequate knowledge of non-verbal behaviour will enhance our
ability to understand more fully what transpires during interaction.
Therefore, knowledge of body language is of utmost importance
for communication. Someone may be saying one thing and nonverbally telling you something else.
In each of the questions 1— 9, select the best answer from the four
options provided. Indicate your answer by drawing a circle around the
letter on this question paper as in the example below. If you change
your mind, cross out the initial choice neatly and then circle your
revised answer clearly. For question 10, answer as instructed.
Example:
The two main types of communication are ...
A
signs and gestures.
B
spoken and sign language.
C
spoken and written language.
D
symbolic and empathic.
D is the best answer, and it has been circled.
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4
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SUCCESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
The best title for the passage is ...
A
Communication.
B
Empathic communication.
C
Symbolic communication.
D
Types of communication.
In Paragraph 2, "We cannot ignore or belittle its importance" The
word "its “refers to ...
A
empathic communication.
B
exchange of feelings.
C
non-verbal communication.
D
unspoken feelings and emotions.
In Paragraph 2, exchange of feelings is portray-ed through ...
A
empathic communication.
B
spoken language.
C
symbolic communication
D
written language.
According to the passage, gestures are part of ...„
A
ideagraphic language.
B
non-verbal language.
C
spoken language.
D
symbolic communication.
According to the passage, which of the following statements is not
true?
A
Shorthand is a form of symbolic communication.
B
Signs are an example of symbolic communication.
C
The greater part of our communication is made of spoken
feelings and emotions.
D
the two main types of communication are symbolic and
empathic.
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Which of the following mostly reveals and shares something about
ourselves?
A
Non-verbal communication
B
Symbolic communication
C
Verbal communication
D
Written communication
In Paragraph 8, "Body language is more impressive than words".
The word `impressive' means
A
appealing
B
deceiving.
C
interesting.
D
revealing.
From paragraph 9, we can deduce that where non-verbal
communication conflict with spoken language, we should go for ...
A
either spoken or non-verbal communication.
B
neither spoken nor non-verbal communication.
C
non-verbal language.
D
spoken language.
Road signs can be said to belong to ...
A
body language.
B
empathic communication.
C
ideagraphic language.
D
spoken language.
Complete the following sentences by filling in the blank spaces
with the most suitable word from the passage:
(i)
The type of language in which symbols are expressed in ideas
is called ………………………………………………………………..
(ii) Shorthand and coded language are examples of
language. ……………………………………………………………..
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Question 3: Summary
(20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question
that follows.
1
Obesity means excessive fatness. It has reached epidemic
proportions in children in developed countries. The World Health
Organization says that an estimated 122 million children under the
age of five are overweight worldwide.
2
Childhood obesity is also extending to developing countries. It is
advisable to serve the children with more fruit and vegetables than
convenience foods. There is also need to limit soft drinks,
sweetened beverages and high fat sugary snacks. It is imperative
for parents to offer their children mainly water or low-fat milk.
High rates of obesity among children are leading to rising rates of
high blood pressure; unless this upward trend in high blood
pressure is reversed, we will be facing an explosion of new
cardiovascular disease cases in young adults.
3
The global epidemic of childhood obesity can be attributed to
genetics. While genetics can be a predisposing factor, the alarming
increase in obesity in recent decades appears to indicate that
genes are not the only cause.
4
A prudent or shrewd mother ought to employ methods of cooking
that do not involve a lot of oils or fats. In this case, baking, boiling
and steaming can be the most welcome as opposed to frying.
Children should therefore be served with baked, boiled or steamed
foods. They should also be given smaller food portions.
5
Fast food restaurants have sprung up all over the world. One study
reported that nearly a third of all children in the United States
aged 4 to 19 eat fast foods every day. Giving food to children as a
reward or a 'bribe' ought to be avoided. Furthermore, children
need not be allowed to skip breakfast, as skipping it leads to
overeating later and consequently obesity.
6
It is said that in Mexico City alone, 70 percent of the children and
adolescents are either overweight or obese. Pediatric surgeon, Dr.
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Francisco Gonzalez, warns that this may be the first generation to
die before their parents owing to the complications of obesity. It
can be folly for parents to permit their children to eat while
watching television or be in front of a computer screen. Eating in
front of a television or a computer screen promotes consumption
and lessens awareness of feeling full. In another dimension, it may
be helpful to limit time spent on watching television, using the
computer and playing video games.
The increasingly sedentary nature of children in the United
Kingdom is not unique. It is also being seen in most countries in
the world. This state of affairs is not healthy. It is necessary for
caring mothers or fathers to assign active chores to their children
as a way of dealing with childhood obesity.
According to the International Obesity Task Force, more children
are affected by obesity than by malnutrition in some parts of
Africa. It is extremely important to encourage physical activity in
the form of riding bikes, playing ball games and jumping rope.
There ought to be active family outings through visiting the zoo,
swimming or playing in the park. These activities are worthwhile if
obesity is to the systematically controlled.
Failure to deal with obesity among children can have far—reaching
consequences. It can bring about fatalities, thereby depriving the
country of the much needed future human resource.
Question:
According to the passage, what should parent do to curb obesity in
their children? Present a well-connected summary of not more than
130 words. The summary has been started for you.
In order to curb childhood obesity, parents should ………………….……………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Examination for General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Monday
24 JULY 2017
2 hours
Answer all three questions
Question 1: structure (20 Marks) Answer both Section 1 and 2
Section 1: Vocabulary (10 marks)
There are twenty items in this section and for each sentence, you are required to
replace the underlined word(s) with words of similar meaning (synonyms) provided
in the box below. Write your answers in the blank spaces provided as shown in, the
example,
infringed
authentic
attire
enrolled
surpasses
fortnight
psyche
sophisticated
surveillance
get rid of
vigour
amiable
ongoing
broke up
mobility
diversify
acknowledge
disposed of
revealed
adjacent to
contemporary
Example: This is genuine leather.
1
2
Authentic
After the examination, he got rid of all the old books.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
All the Grade Twelve learners should come in their sports dress.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
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10
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That girt always exceeds her classmates in Mathematics.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
Who disclosed that secret to you?
Answer: ……………………………………………...
His rights were violated when he was in prison.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
The police are investigating a complex, murder case.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
Every after a period of fourteen days, we write a test.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
Our house is next to the post office.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
Nyirongo was born in the same year as me and he is therefore my equal or
agemate.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
Mutinta has enlisted for a medical degree at the University of Zambia.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
They sang the National Anthem with strength.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
The police and his parents have put him under a close watch so that he does
not join a gang of criminals.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
The teacher will give us a test to psychologically prepare us for the final
examination.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
He is an easy and pleasant to talk to person.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
You need to do away with bad table manners.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
Her legs are crippled and as such, her movement has been hampered
greatly.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
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They separated last year; as such, they are no longer husband and wife.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
The investigations are still in the process,
Answer: ……………………………………………...
I wish to confirm receipt of your letter.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
We need to Aden our economy so that we do not rely on copper production
alone.
Answer: ……………………………………………...
Section 2: Transformations
(10 Marks)
in each of the following items, Sentence A is complete, but Sentence B is
incomplete. Complete Sentence 6 each time making it as similar as possible in
meaning to Sentence A. Make Sentence B one sentence, never two
Do not make any changes to the printed parts of Sentence B.
Example:
A
I would rather starve than eat worms.
B
I prefer ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Answer: I prefer starving to eating worms.
1
2
3
4
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
Until I finish the work, I will not go to the movies.
Not until……………………………………………………………………………………...
Stay away from the fence. (Add a question tag)
……………………………………………………………………………………...
Unless the boy is proved innocent; he will be sentenced to fifteen years in
prison.
If ……………………………………………………………………………………...
"Keep your money in this tin until tomorrow," said my mother.
My mother told me ………………………………………………………………………………...
It is the duty of the monitor to collect the books
The monitor ……………………………………………………………………………………...
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A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
SUCCESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Hantiyo was happy to attend the Kuomboka Ceremony and see the
Litunga,
Hantlyo enjoyed ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Both Sichuia and Yelesani are good at Mathematics.
Sichula, as ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Mrs Milimo was poor but she managed to send her six children to school.
Poor ……………………………………………………………………………………...
We came here because we want to see the extent of the damage to the
bridge.
We came here with a view ………………………………………………………………………
It was not necessary for Mugubute to come for the meeting.
Mugubuie needn't …………………………………………………………………………………….
Question 2 Comprehension (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
Afro-aversion in Africa
1
Is it the texture of our hair or the hue of our skin or perhaps the strength of our
features that make us more or less appealing to the "world"? Whatever it is, the
issue of Afro-aversion is definitely one that confronts us in our day to day lives.
2
Toni Morrison in her 1970 book 'The Bluest Eye's gives a lengthy account of a
fictional Pecola Breedlove. Pecola is a young African- American girl, blessed with
rich, dark skin and every other feature connoting blackness. As a young girl, she
tails victim to a cruel world that deems her kind of beauty, ugly. Her skin is
considered too dark even by her own kind. This makes her repulsive to nearly all
who come across her and prompts her to detest every facet of her existence.
She resolves to change her eye colour to blue, to resemble that of child idol
Shirley Temple whose white skin, blue eyes and blonde hair seem to captivate
the entire world.
3
Her life is constantly weighed down by the Afro-aversion her society is infected
with, where light is better than black. This constant social pressure thrusts the
young girl into a pitiful world of self-hate and robins her of her self-esteem,
leading her on a downwards spiral into emptiness.
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In a Southern African country where nearly 70% of the population comprises a
typical African looking people, it rouses great thought to see many people going
to extreme lengths to conceal their natural identities.
Afro-aversion in this context refers to the tendency to avoid physical
appearance connoting blackness. That is, a flat or broad nose, curly hair, thick
lips and dark skin. A tour of the continent will reveal a picture so diverse in
nature but each with a growing trend; the issue of Afro-aversion. Women and
men alike across the continent are bleaching their skins pale, some to the point
of which their veins are easily visible by the naked eye. Contact lenses and
various medical procedures are making it possible for our brothers and sisters to
alienate themselves even further from their natural African identity.
Like Pecola Breedlove, many African women and girls today fall victim to the
stereotypes attributed to skin colour. In many cultures, light skinned women are
Deemed more desirable than their counterparts. In several parts of the
continent, Iight skin is seen as a status of wealth and prosperity whereas dark
skin is associated with poverty. This heavy emphasis on the value of lighter skin
is reflective in several parts of Africa today. Employers feel more confident in
Employing a Caucasian or light skinned individual than a dark skinned person.
Lighter skinned actors and actresses are perceived as having greater public
appeal than their tanned peers.
For the eleven-year-old girl looking for a role model, very few women on her
television screen offer solace. They all possess a delicate complexion, unlike her
dark tanned face. Their noses are perfectly contoured to appear long and thin in
contrast to her broad nose. Her appearance creates a thorn in her own flesh
such that she cannot bear to look into the mirror without cursing the genetics
that define her African identity.
Today's media is constantly castigating for "white washing" content. Producers
would rather cast models, actors, actresses particularly bearing European traits.
The long straight hair, pale skin, thin nose and lips all aimed at promoting the
stereotype that light is right or anything black negates the standard of beauty or
desirability, Fashion designers and other media stakeholders have been known
to favour western beauty standards to typical African ones. Women will be
forced to relax their hair or use artificial extensions in order to satisfy the
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European aesthetic. The effect of this can only be understood through the
modern day Pecolas, the African women who go to great and often disastrous
lengths to attain a more European or western appearance.
In addition to modifying their faces and eyes, these women spend thousands of
dollars each year on hair extensions, skin lightening creams and other cosmetics,
Much of their energy and efforts are invested in a vain pursuit to be accepted by
the Shirley Temples of the world. The gatekeepers of attractiveness and
desirability, the Hollywood stars and starlets whose flawless appearance cause
the Pecolas of the world to cringe at their own reflection.
(An adaptation from The Daily Nation, January 25, 2017)
In each of the questions 1 — 9, select the best answer from the four options
provided. Indicate your answer by drawing a circle around the letter on this question
paper as in the example below. If you change your mind, cross out the initial choice
neatly and then circle your revised answer clearly. For
question 10), answer as instructed.
Example:
According to the passage, Toni Morrison is ...
A
a dark skinned person.
B
a young girl.
C
an African-American.
D
a book writer.
D is the best answer, and it has been circled.
1
According to Paragraph 1, what makes us more or less appealing to the ‘World’
is ... [2]
A
not clearly stated.
B
texture of our hair.
C
the hue of our skin.
D
the strength of our features.
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in paragraph Afro-aversion is [2]
A
less appealing.
B
not an issue.
C
confronting us.
D
a daily challenge.
According to Paragraph 2, the author of the passage states that the story of
Pecola Breedlove is a ………….one.
[2]
A
blue eyed
B
dark
C
long
D
real
Paragraph 3 describes
A
light as being better than black.
B
Pecola Breedlovers lengthy account.
C
the infected society of Pecola Breedlove.
D
the plight of Pecola Breedlove.
Paragraph 4: What is meant by the expression, "... to conceal their natural
identities"? To……..
A
go to extreme lengths.
B
hide who they are.
C
keep their natural identity.
D
uncover their identity.
According to Paragraph 5, Afro-aversion is behaviour that .
A
involves only women
B
is strange to women.
C
praises being black.
D
shuns features of blackness.
From Paragraph 6, we can conclude that ..
A
light skinned people make better employees.
B
many women and girls are dark skinned.
C
one needs a light skin to prosper.
D
society favours the light skinned.
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Paragraph 7: "Her appearance creates a thorn in her own flesh ..." means
that she …
A
Likes her appearance.
B
Is thornlike in appearance.
C
is annoyed by her looks.
D
has a thorn in her flesh.
Paragraph 8: "The effect of this." The word 'this' refers to ...
A
fashion designers and media stakeholders.
B
relaxing hair and using artificial extensions.
C
the African women who appear Western.
D
typical African beauty standards.
From the underlined words in the passage, find one word which is an antonym
or near opposite for each of the following words or phrases. Spell the words
correctly.
A
Attractive………………………………………………………………………………………
B
Rough…………………………………………………………………………………………….
C
Darkening……………………………………………………………………………………….
D
Like ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
Question 1 Summary (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question that follows.
1
The existing knowledge of the African Rift Valleys shows that the study of this
structure is of more than purely academic interest. Associated with the rift
valley system are a number of bodies of igneous rock derived from great depths
which contain valuable metals such as columbium and the rare earths, which are
of increasing importance in modern technology.
2
As a result of the internal drainage of the Rift Valleys and of their volcanic
activity, there are great saline accumulations such as sodium carbonate and
sodium chloride (salt) deposits of Lakes Magadl and Natron, on the borders of
Tanzania and Kenya and the potash deposits of the Afar depression in Ethiopia.
These deposits are among the largest in the world of these substances,
3
As a result of the very recent volcanic activity in part of the rift system, there are
areas in which groundwater is heated. These geothermal areas contain het
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springs, geysers, steam jets, and it is possible that geothermal steam or gas can
be tapped in some of these areas as a means of generating electricity. Some
preliminary investigations of this possibility have already been carried out in
Uganda and Kenya, and these potential energy sources are of great interest
because the cost of electricity generated from geothermal steam is normally less
than that from conventional fuels.
Although there have been few destructive earthquakes in the rift zone, it is
recognised that there is a potential hazard from earth tremors. Studies of the
nature and distribution of the earthquake activity are indicated to determine
the areas likely to be affected. It is also desirable to establish codes of building
construction that will minimise damage in the event of destructive earthquakes
taking place.
It is very encouraging that scientists in some African countries can participate in
the International Upper mental Project, and that they are contributing to the
solution of one of the major problems of the nature and development of the
earth's crust.
(From: Brian H. baker, "Cracks in a continent,
"The UNESCO Courier, June 1966.)
Question:
According to the passage, what are the practical applications of the
study of rift valleys in Africa? Present a well-connected summary of
not more than 140 words.
The summary has been started for you.
The major practical applications of the study of the rift valleys in
Africa could be cited as ………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Examination for the school certificate
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Monday
30 OCTOBER 2017
2 hours
Question 1: Structure (20 Marks)
Answer both Section 1 and 2
Section 1: Vocabulary (10 marks)
From the four options provided, select the best word (s) which is or are
closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence. Write your
answer in the space provided.
Example
He made a plea to his parents. (request, response, list, shout)
Answer: request
1.
The match did not start on time as one of the match officials arrived
late. (turned on, turned over, turned out, turned up)
Answer: ………………………………………….
2.
This bag is made of artificial leather. (modern, synthetic, new, natural)
Answer: ……………………………………………
3.
Due to the drought, the power supply was irregular.
(slow, impatient, prolific, erratic)
Answer:……………………………………………..
4.
The Headteacher asked the prefects to give him their candid opinion
about the mischief maker. (solid, frank, firm, real)
Answer: ……………………………………………………
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5.
The United States of America provides an apt example of an affluent
country. (industrialised, democratic, wealthy, capitalist)
Answer:…………………………………………………….
6.
Industrial towns are usually polluted by smoke. (filled, contained,
oxidised, contaminated)
Answer:………………………………………………
The President accommodated a diversity of ideas. (complicity, uniformity,
variety, consistent)
Answer:…………………………………………………
The outfit was suitable for the weather. (specific, typical, characteristic,
appropriate)
Answer:…………………………………………………
She by chance found the missing ring. (came to, came round, came up,
came across)
Answer:………………………………………………….
An old friend of mine called at my office yesterday. (visited, telephoned,
shouted at, returned to)
Answer:…………………………………………………..
I was asked to record the interview verbatim. (verbally, word for word, in
writing, orally)
Answer:…………………………………………………..
We should not always back up our friends in what they say. (support,
oppose, disappoint, accept)
Answer:…………………………………………………..
All members agreed to a tentative proposal of raising the membership
fee. (timely, final, provisional, initial)
Answer:…………………………………………………….
Some people have only superficial knowledge of things. (deep, shallow,
little, superfluous)
Answer:……………………………………………………..
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
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16.
17.
18.
19.
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The plan fell out because few members supported it.
(failed, succeeded, collapsed, dropped)
Answer:………………………………………………….
The police came across a cadaver near the post office. (carcass, corpse,
criminal, suspect)
Answer:……………………………………………………..
Carbon dioxide extinguishes fire. (puts off, puts out, switches off,
switches out)
Answer:……………………………………………………
She has been unwell for a long time and her health has deteriorated.
(decreased, failed, worsened, declined)
Answer:……………………………………………………..
Water is a therapy. (need, want, healer, liquid)
Answer:………………………………………………………
Killing people is a heinous crime. (serious, bad, sad, heartless)
Answer: ....................................................................................
Section 2: Transformations (10 marks)
In each of the following items, Sentence A is complete, but Sentence B is
incomplete. Complete Sentence B each time making it as similar as
possible in meaning to Sentence A. Make Sentence B one sentence,
never two. Do not make any changes to the printed parts of Sentence B.
Example:
A
Chuma broke the mirror.
B
The mirror…………………………………………………
Answer: The mirror was broken by Chuma.
1
A
The pool is deeper here than at the far end.
B
At the far end……………………………………………………
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B
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"Give this receipt to your teacher tomorrow, Mumba!" shouted Mr
Banda.
Mr Banda commanded………………………………………………
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
You will not qualify to enter college until you are sixteen
Not until…………………………………………………….
4
Although the storm was heavy, the little girl walked to school
In spite of…………………………………………………..
5
You can scream as much as you can but she will not hear you
However……………………………………………………
6
The book was so good that it was published right away.
So……………………………………………………………
7
Mary had just left the room when the baby started crying.
Scarcely………………………………………………………
8
A
The goods were stolen because the building was not secured.
The goods…………………………………………….security.
9
A
While Monde was picking mushrooms in the bush, a snake bit
her.
Picking mushrooms………………………………………….
10 A
The children were roasting cassava and giving it to their
parents.
Cassava……………………………………………………….
Question 2: Comprehension (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions
that follow.
1.
Free radicals and antioxidants are two words that we increasingly
hear in the context of health and aging. Let us get a clear picture
about antioxidants and free radicals.
2.
In a perfect world, energy is balanced and synergy abounds. The
same idea applies to health when our bodies are fit and in
chemical balance. But today's world is far from perfect. Our lives
are typically stressful and we consume toxins on a daily basis,
which ultimately alter our delicate biochemistry and wreak havoc
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4.
5.
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SUCCESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
on our internal chemical reactions. Compromised immune systems
and increased exposure to free radicals eventually wear us down,
aging us prematurely, or bringing on fearful diseases like cancer.
But powerful natural compounds called antioxidants form a front
line of defence that attack and neutralise hordes of free radicals,
helping us restore our health and live longer, happier lives.
A freshly cut apple will turn brown in a matter of minutes. Iron,
when exposed to water and air starts to rust. These chemical
changes are the result of oxidation, the process by which a
compound reacts with oxygen. Oxidation in the body creates free
radicals in fats, tissues and bloodstream. The higher the number of
free radicals, the greater the level of oxidative stress.
Oxygen is a critical element in the water we drink and the air that
we breathe — without it, we would not survive. Yet, normal
cellular reactions create toxic forms of oxygen that are free
radicals such as super oxide, hydroxyl and lipid peroxides, singlet
oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide. Small amounts of free radicals in
the body are a good thing — too many, however, accelerate aging
and disease.
Free radicals generated by the body could lead to erosion in the
functioning of the brain. Waste products released by the body
when we burn food for energy production is the free radical
phenomenon. These free radicals can often lead to some loss of
memory over the years.
Not all free radicals are bad. Free radicals produced by the immune
system destroy viruses and bacteria. Others are involved in
producing vital hormones and activating enzymes that are needed
for life. But most of us are bombarded by a multitude of
environmental toxins like smog, cigarette smoke, heavy metals,
gasoline derivatives, ultraviolet radiation, and other carcinogenic
chemicals that are also sources of free radicals. A healthy body can
normally keep its free radicals in check, but if the immune system
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is weakened or the free radical load is to high, cellular damage
results.
A significant cause of aging is cellular free radical damage. As we get
older, an increased amount of free radical garbage accumulates in our
bodies. The good thing is that we are not completely powerless.
Antioxidant supplements can help protect us from the damage of free
radical bombardment.
(Adapted from Tanushree Podder (2012) "You are what you eat)
In each of the questions 1— 9, select the best answer from the four
options provided. Indicate your answer by drawing a circle around the
letter on this question paper as in the example below. If you change
your mind, cross out the initial choice neatly and then circle your revised
answer clearly. For question 10, answer as instructed.
Example:
The two words free radicals and antioxidants are increasingly heard in
A
context areas.
B. different situations.
C health situations.
D hearing contexts.
C is the best answer, and it has been circled.
1
2
The passage is about ...
[2]
A
free radicals and antioxidants.
B
free radicals in the food.
C
health and aging.
D
oxidation in the body.
According to Paragraph 2, people's lives are ...
A
carefree.
B
compromised.
C
delicate.
D
full of stress
[2]
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In Paragraph 2, we are told that diseases like cancer are caused by free
radicals and…………….
[2]
A
antioxidants.
B
chemical reactions.
C
compromised immunity.
B
increased exposure.
According to Paragraph 3, when a compound reacts with oxygen in the
body...
[2]
A
chemical changes take place.
B
free radicals are formed.
C
it turns brown like an apple.
D
the person gets sick.
In Paragraph 4, all the elements listed below are free radicals except
…[2]
A
hydrogen peroxide.
B
lipid peroxide.
C
oxygen in water.
D
singlet oxygen.
From Paragraph 5, we can conclude that free radicals ... in the body. [2]
A
are waste products
B
burn food for energy
C
generate energy
D
produce erosion
In Paragraph 6: "Others are involved in ...". The word 'others' refers to
A
bacteria and viruses.
B
bodies.
C
free radicals.
D
immune systems.
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According to the passage, which of the following statements is not
true? Free radicals ... [2]
A
can cause loss of memory.
B
can make you age quickly.
C
in moderation are good.
D
produced by the immune system are bad.
Paragraph 6: "A healthy body can normally keep its free radicals in check
...," means that a healthy body can ... free radicals. [2]
A
control the development of
B
go through the
C
never develop
D
will always have
From the underlined words in the passage, find antonyms (opposite
meaning) of the following words or phrases. Spell the words correctly.
(Write one word only)
(a) Concealed…………………………………………
(b) Mend………………………………………………
(c) Reduced…………………………………………..
(d) Withheld………………………………………….
Question 3: Summary (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the
question that follows.
1.
2.
The Institute for Security Studies (ISS) conducted some research on the
attributes of an ideal police officer. The researchers started by asking
respondents to discuss their ideal or perfect police. They recorded
answers from the respondents on a flipchart.
It was ascertained that an ideal police officer should be competent. An
incompetent police officer is a liability to both the organisation and the
country. Furthermore, an ideal police officer is one who provides
unproblematic service to the complainant. Some police officers' security
service to members of the public is unethical. For example, there was an
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4.
5.
6.
7.
SUCCESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
incident in which a police officer lamentably failed to record a statement
from a complainant.
When responding to calls for assistance from members of the public, an
ideal police officer must be punctual. Without doubt, time is of great
essence when responding to matters of crime.
In a world that is 'shrinking' rapidly due to globalisation, it is a must that
a police officer should be educated and well trained. A police officer who
has a humble education background cannot competently handle
complex crime matters especially fraud and cyber-crime, among others.
In fact, even an educated police officer needs to be exposed to an
elaborate training system. In that way, such an officer can confidently
deal with both local and international organised crime.
Since police work entails dealing with the community, it logically follows
that a perfect police officer must be friendly, approachable and patient
with people. These attributes are necessary because they are a
cohesive tie between the police service and the community. Thus, they
enhance the rapport between the police and members of the public. In
other words, they reduce the gap between the police and the
community.
In order to have a win-win situation between the police and the
community, police officers worth their sort must be respectful of
civilians and must not use gratuitous violence. It is worth noting that an
antagonistic police service simply widens the gap between them and
the local community. And when that happens, the community stops
giving the police the information they need to successfully police the
area.
An ideal police officer is one who is exemplary in his or her actions.
Reports of unethical police officers have been recorded. For example,
we have all heard of stories of police officers who extort some money
from unsuspecting members of the public. Just like in any other
profession, some police officers have been
accused of being corrupt.
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8.
In law enforcement, it is a cardinal point to be as objective as possible.
This means that when there is an iota of a doubt as to whether a
person committed a crime, the benefit of doubt must be given to the
accused person. The rationale behind this is to ensure that no innocent
person should go to prison. Arising from this, it is crucial that an ideal
police officer should be objective. Furthermore, he or she must be
committed and passionate about his or her work.
9.
It is worth pointing out that police work is very stressful and as such, it
requires a physically fit police officer. This is important because police
work involves a lot of mobility. Moreover, chasing and apprehending
criminals require a lot of strength. It is abundantly clear that a police
officer in ill-health cannot cope with the demands of police work.
10. Honesty is a virtue in police work. In this regard therefore, an ideal police
officer must be honest and trustworthy. He or she must apply the law
that he or she was trained to do. Above all, he or she must be flexible
and radiate a humane face when dealing with both witnesses and
suspects.
(Adapted from Andrew Fault, 155 Paper 226, November, 2011)
Question:
According to the passage, what are the attributes of an ideal police
officer? Present a well-connected summary of not more than 110
words.
The summary has been started for you.
An ideal police officer should……………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Examination for School Certificate Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
Tuesday
12 NOVEMBER 2019
2 hours
Answer all three questions
Question 1: Structure (20 Marks)
Answer both Section 1 and 2
Section 1: cloze Passage (10 marks)
Complete the following passage by supplying the missing words. Only one word
must be filled in each blank space.
Internet dating continues (1) …………………. grow in popularity worldwide.
Internet romances may blossom quickly, but they often wither when reality sets
(2) …………………. There is a greater cause (3) …………………. Concern than mere
disappointment. Dating in this fashion may put you in serious danger: whether
physically, emotionally (4) …………………. spiritually.
How can something that looks so innocent and safe, a computer terminal right in
your own home, actually (5) …………………. danger to you? How is such dishonesty
practised on the internet? And what dangers does this present to those who are
looking (6) …………………. romance?
One parent was alarmed to learn (7) …………………. large proportion of children
disobey parental rules against visiting dangerous websites. When youths use the
internet to meet new people, they can be in far more, danger (8) …………………. they
Realise. For example, some people can use the internet to lure minors into
debased sexual activities.
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Indeed, there have been reports of adult sexual predators who pretend to
(9) …………………. youths as they prowl the internet seeking to prey on young
ones. According to one study, one-in-five children who use the internet have
(10) …………………. Solicited for sex. One newspaper also stated that one-in
Thirty-three children between ages ten and seventeen were aggressively stalked
(11) …………………. computer Conversations.
Some young people have found, to their surprise, that the youth with (12) …………
they shared a budding romance over the internet was actually (13) ………………….
Adult prison mate. Other young (14) …………………. have unwittingly become
involved with sexual predators. These vile people first ‘groom’ a prospective
victim, building trust through friendly on-line chats.
Eventually, they seek to meet in person in order to carry (15). …………………. their
perverted desires. Tragically, young people have been beaten, raped and even
murdered.
Wicked people do hide what they are in (16) .………………….. to find victims on the
internet. Anonymous communication through the internet can make it almost
impossible to see through such deception. When you talk with someone in person,
you may learn something from his facial expression and the tone of his (17) …………
But on the internet, you don’t get any of that. It is easy to be fooled.
Granted, not everyone you meet on the internet is a dangerous predator.
However, there are additional ways in which people hide what they are. A
common practice (18) …………………. those seeking romance on the internet is to
exaggerate or invent good traits and to minimise or conceal serious faults.
Internet dating can be bad (19) …………………. people get deceived. People often
switch sexes, income levels, race, criminal records, mental health histories and
marital status. To warn others, many people have reported painful experiences of
(20) …………………. misled by internet dates. Rather than believing all that is written
to you by someone you have never met, consider your steps carefully.
(Adapted home: “Awake“May 22, 2005)
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Section 2: Transformations (10 marks)
In each of the following items, Sentence A is complete, but Sentence B is
Incomplete. Complete Sentence B each time making it as similar as possible in
Meaning to Sentence A. Make sentence B one sentence, never two. Do not
Make any changes to the printed parts of Sentence B.
Example:
A
Human rights must be observed by everyone.
B
what …………………………………………………………………………………
Answer: B What must be observed by everyone are human rights.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
Education uplifts people out of poverty
People. …………………………………………………………………………………
The magazine contains a lot of irrelevant information. The secretary
must edit it.
Containing …………………………………………………………………………………
A boy child and a girl child are future leaders.
A boy child, as well ……………………………………………………………………………
Blood consists of red cells, white cells, platelets and plasma.
Blood comprises .………………………………………………………………………………
Criminals little realise that breaking the law retards development.
Little …………………………………………………………………………………
If people play a variety of sports, they will be healthy.
Unless …………………………………………………………………………………
Most people marry in order to have a family.
Most people marry with a view…………………………………………………………
We were happy to visit many places of interest and buy some
souvenirs.
We enjoyed…………………………………………………………………………………
There is an adage that states that “Health is wealth”
Rewrite the whole sentence and add a question tag.
The police officer said, “Human rights are not absolute.”
The police officer said that. ……………………………………………………………
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Question 2: Comprehension (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that
follow.
1
Maria is a successful young woman and is part of a lovely family. Still, she is
not happy. She is dissatisfied with her appearance. Although her family tries
to encourage her, Maria feels that she is far from being beautiful and that
makes her depressed.
2
Society places excessive importance on looks or appearances. In fact,
success often seems to depend on looks. Many men have become obsessed
with developing the 'perfect body. Indeed, many individuals of both sexes go
to great lengths in their pursuit of beauty, even starving themselves or
submitting to painful treatments to achieve the best face or figure possible.
Hankering for beauty has its own share of adverse repercussions.
3
Beauty is widely considered subjective. What constitutes beauty has varied a
great deal from culture to culture and from era to era. Throughout the
nineteenth century, almost all societies equated heaviness with elevated
social status. A wide girth was seen as a sign of prosperity and health while a
skinny frame meant that a person as too poor to afford enough food to eat.
In some cultures of the South Pacific, fatness is highly valued. However, in
many other places, the opposite is true. Some religious beliefs link
overweight with gluttony and this has conferred a negative image on
robustness. On the other hand, scientific discoveries about health risks
related to obesity have had their influence.
4
Thinness has now been regarded as ideal by a large part of the world. The
media have done much to further this thinking. People who appear in
advertisements on billboards and on television (TV) usually have thin,
athletic bodies. Their images are intended to project a sense of security and
achievement. The same is true of movie and TV stars. Having seen
photographs of models in a magazine, 47 percent of the girls analyzed felt
compelled to lose weight when only 29 percent of these were deemed
overweight.
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In an effort to achieve the ideal image' or just to look their best, many
people resort to cosmetic surgery. Modern techniques of plastic surgery
originated in the years following World War I when efforts were made to
repair disfigurements resulting from war wounds. since then, these
techniques have been valuable tools for correcting severe physical damage
caused by burns, traumatic injuries and congenital abnormalities. However,
healthy people put themselves at risk in the interest of enhancing their
appearance. The nose can be reconstructed, excessive skin can be removed
from the face and neck, the size of the ears can be reduced, fat can be
eliminated from the abdomen and hips and the volume of certain parts
of the body can be increased.
Sometimes people who are poorly trained perform plastic surgery, resulting
in much harm. Furthermore, there are clinics that administer dangerous
substances to patients in order to trim their figures. Some men spend many
hours in the gymnasium, using virtually all their free time shaping and toning
their bodies. The need to exercise causes their social activities and
relationships with other people to fall off. The compulsion to achieve a
muscular look even causes many to consume substances that can harm the
body. An obsession with personal appearance has caused some young
women to tall victim to eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia
(nervosa).
(From Awake! December 22, 2004)
In each of the questions 1-9, select the best answer from the four options
Provided. Indicate your answer by drawing a circle around the letter on the
Question paper, as in the example given below. If you change your mind,
Cross out the initial choice very neatly then circle your revised answer
clearly.
For question 10, answer as instructed.
Example:
The passage is about ….
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B
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D
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Maria, a successful young woman.
a lovely family.
Beauty.
dissatisfaction with personal appearances
s the best answer and, as you can see, it has been circled.
According to Paragraph 1, what makes Maria depressed?
A
She is far from being beautiful.
B
She is dissatisfied.
C
She feels that she is ugly.
D
Her family does not adequately encourage her.
In Paragraph 2, the phrase ‘adverse repercussions’ means …
A
undesirable outcomes.
B
Painful treatments.
C
Alarming proportions.
D
Acceptable limits.
Paragraph 3: Beauty Is widely considered subjective because it..
A
has varied a great deal from culture to culture.
B
has varied remarkably from era to era.
C
is perceived differently depending on culture and era.
D
is a subject that has generated a lot of debate.
According to the passage, what symbolized high social status in almost all
Societies throughout the nineteenth century?
A
Expenditure
B
Gluttony
C
Robustness
D
Slenderness
Which one of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 3?
A
From the scientific standpoint, obesity is hazardous to health.
B
In all the cultures of the South Pacific, fatness is highly valued.
C
Scientific discoveries about health risks related to obesity have had
their positive influence
D
Some religious beliefs embrace gluttony.
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We can tell from Paragraph 4 that girls have greatly been influenced by..
A
image that project a sense of security and achievement.
B
people who appear in advertisements on billboards and television.
C
photographs of models appearing in magazines.
D
movie and television stars.
The word ‘perfect’ and the phrase ‘ideal image’ in Paragraph 2 and
Paragraph 5 respectively signify the writer’s….
A
emphasis on the efficacy of the various treatments used.
B
resolve to show that the word and the phrase are intelligently used.
C
Sense of disapproval.
D
sense of humour and sound judgement.
According to Paragraph 5, plastic surgery was initially practised to …
A
correct severe physical damage.
B
Rehabilitate disfigured World War I victims.
C
Repair disfigurements of war victims.
D
Treat traumatic injuries and congenital abnormalities
According to Paragraph 6, the compulsive desire of people to improve their
outlook results in ….
A
consumption of substances that can harm the body.
B
eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia (nervosa).
C
Social activities and relationships with other people falling off.
D
Social alienation, consumption of harmful substances and eating
disorders.
From the words underlined in the passage, find those that mean the same
or nearly the same as the following words or expressions (spell each word
correctly
(i)
Having a strong desire. …………………………………………….
(ii) Eating too much. …………………………………………….
(iii) From or before birth…………………………………………….
(iv) Excessive fatness or weight. …………………………………………….
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Question 3: Summary [20 Marks]
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that
Follow.
Migrant Women
1
Around the world, cities are welcoming migrants and displaced populations,
with women arriving in unprecedented numbers. Not only do they make up
nearly half of all international migrants but they are also more likely than
men to migrate internally, most often setting in urban areas.
2
Women migrate to other areas in order to enrich and improve their lives.
However, as they migrate, they are subjected to violence. In some cases,
they tall into the hands of human traffickers who offer false promises of
employment and assistance.
3
Cities can offer empowering opportunities for the millions of women who
have adopted them as their new homes. By earning their Own income,
migrant women can discover newfound economic and social independence.
In this regard, they may find themselves in a more formal situation such as
in manufacturing but still afflicted largely by sexual harassment and
discrimination based on gender and ethnicity. Migrating to cities can have
positive impacts on the reproductive and sexual health of women but
female migrant workers are vastly over represented in low-paying, laborintensive factories where they are exposed to violations of rights. They end
up in squalid slums devoid of amenities. This predicament forces them into
detestable activities such as prostitution and drug trafficking.
4
Many women come to cities to escape traditional customs and practices but
sometimes the situation in urban areas is not rosy. Precariousness,
withholding of earnings and sexual abuse are common threats for migrant
women particularly in the informal economy. In many high-income
countries, skilled migrant women settle in cities in order to continue their
careers. Sadly, the non-recognition of their qualifications, rigorous
certification programmes, employment limitations on their residence
permits and discrimination confine these women to low-skilled occupations,
resulting in loss of their professional skills.
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To help migrant women realise their full potential, numerous cities are
implementing innovative measures to address the challenges that these
women face. Workshops are being conducted to help them to become
autonomous and self-confident, enabling them to participate more in city
life. In certain instances, women display a negative attitude towards this
intervention. Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) have mushroomed
and are consistently offering mentoring programmes.
Migrant women often find it difficult to take control of their lives in a new
and challenging environment. Little wonder that faith-based organisations
have been conspicuous. They are capacitating these women to determine
when to migrate and what course of action to take upon arrival. Women
should be able to be agents of their own destiny. This explains why, in
numerous cities, migrant women are being provided with courses in catering
and general agriculture.
(From the Zambia Daily Mail, April 21, 2015)
Question:
In not more than 145 words, explain how Women are disadvantaged and
Mention the measures that are being taken to address their plight. The
Summary has been started for you.
Migrant women are disadvantaged in various ways. They ………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Examination for General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
2020
2 hours
Answer all three questions
Question 1: Structure (20 Marks)
Answer both Section 1 and Section 2
Section 1: Vocabulary (10 marks)
From the given four options, choose the one that completes the sentence
correctly. Write your answers in the spaces provided. Ensure that your answers
are spelt correctly.
Example:
Many factories suffered substantial damage last year.
(existence, little, noticeable, solid)
Answer: noticeable
1
2
That is the latest invention by the famous professor.
(creation, discovery, manufacture, making)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
It is difficult to predict the end result in this game.
(intend, know, foretell, presume)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
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The Principal was delighted to receive a unanimous response from
The students.
(synonymous, harmonious, united, logical)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
It is dangerous for soldiers at war to deplete the bullet stocks.
(dispose, expose, finish, replenish)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
Since this issue is trivial, let us progress.
(real, obvious, negligible, unusual)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
The Sinamuzeze brothers would have fought if they were not restrained.
(constrained, stopped, whipped, defeated)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
All autonomous institutions will meet the President tomorrow.
(successful, wealthy, synonymous, independent)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
My sister lives at the peripheral of the town.
(centre, end, beginning, hub)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
There was no option but to quarantine the cholera patients.
(treat, confine, confirm, discharge)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
I do not get bored listening to eloquent speakers.
(frequent, fast, fluent, swift)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
The teacher will not permit anyone to leave early.
(Refuse, accept, allow, forbid)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
Mr Chanda liked the architect’s innovative plans.
(powerful, original, expensive, modern)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
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Florence’s new sneakers were spotless. (clean, dirty, expensive, sporty)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
Each of the poet’s work is unique.
(similar, different, right, peculiar)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
The children take after their father.
(respect, like, love, resemble)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
The warriors triumphed in their pursuit.
(lost, persisted, succeeded, surrendered)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
There was anarchy in the stadium after the first goal.
(excitement, confusion, amazement, jubilation)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
An owl is a nocturnal hunter.
(vicious, skilled, night, bird)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
The little girl looked down on the maid.
(disputed, despised, disliked, watched)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
Hakaintu is a pseudo lawyer.
(refined lawyer, competent lawyer, expensive lawyer, fake lawyer)
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………
Section 2: Transformations (10 marks)
In each of the following items, Sentence A is complete, but Sentence B is
incomplete. Complete Sentence B each time making it as similar as possible in
Meaning to Sentence A. Make Sentence B one sentence, never two. Do not
Make any changes to the printed parts of Sentence B.
Example:
A
Chuma broke the mirror.
B
The mirror ………………………………………………………………….
Answer: The mirror was broken by Chuma.
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
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I will visit him if he invites me.
Unless ………………………………………………………………….
“Carry an umbrella in case it rains today,” said my mother.
My Mother advised me ………………………………………………………………….
When I saw the snake, I took to my heels.
No sooner ………………………………………………………………….
Since the hostel is in a dilapidated state, the students have vacated it.
Being ………………………………………………………………….
He brought back the phone only when he was reminded.
Not until ………………………………………………………………….
As she grew fatter, she became increasingly lazy.
The fatter ………………………………………………………………….
Makwanta and all his brothers go to Sichikali Primary School.
Makwanta, together us ………………………………………………………………….
Tamara was so worried that she couldn’t eat.
So ………………………………………………………………….
He hardly helps his mother
Rewrite the whole sentence and add a question tag.
He is a very jovial person.
What .………………………………………………………………….
Question 2: Comprehension (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that
Follow.
1
I will tell you a secret.” Nobody can resist the temptation to listen. We are all
interested in secrets as it is part of our common human nature. In fact, when
the secrets are those of a famous person, the interest is greater.
2
For, something like 250 years, religious scholars and historians had wished
they could read the diaries of John Wesley (1703- 1791), the founder of the
Methodist religious movement, which since the first Methodist chapel
opened in Bristol in 1739 has spread through Britain, the United States and
much of the rest of the World the diaries, carefully preserved among the
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records of the Methodist Society, are in ten leather bound books, but
nobody knows what they contain because nobody could read them.
They were written not in ordinary letters, but in a code that Wesley invented
using a mixture of three different systems of shorthand, some ordinary
letters, some symbols and a number of dots and dashes. In spite of
numerous attempts over the past two centuries, the code has never been
broken. Not one of the ten secret volumes had ever been fully decoded. It
seemed as though the secrets of the founder of Methodism were to remain
locked up for ever.
This was surprising because most codes can be broken. Samuel Pepys,
another great diarist, wrote his diary in shorthand because if it had been in
longhand he would have had “to set down no more than is fit for all the
world to know.” But after his death, his diary was deciphered and this
secrets were revealed. Aided by the lucky discovery of the Rosetta Stone,
scholars had even read hieroglyphics, the picture writing of the Ancient
Egyptians. But not the Wesley diaries. This failure was all the more surprising
because Wesley’s code was known to and used by a number of his close
friends and fellow workers at Oxford in the 1730s. There must have been at
least one copy of the key to the code on paper, perhaps more than one. But
as far as was known, no copy had survived.
Nevertheless, one had, and within the last year, has been found in a
miscataloged book in the Methodist archives in London. A young American
Scholar, Dr. Richard P. Heitzenrater, was paying his first visit to the library.
He was carefully taking all the books off a particular shelf in order to get a
good idea of the kind of material available on the subject of the founders of
Methodism. The catalogue mentioned a diary by James Hervey, who was a
student at Lincoln College, Oxford, while Wesley was a fellow. It was unlikely
to contain anything interest, but Dr. Heitzenrater took it down and
examined it.
It was not James Hervey’s diary, but that of a much closer connection of
Wesley’s, Benjamin Ingham. It was written in the same code as the Wesley
diaries and there on Page 3 was a heading “The Method of Keeping a Diary.”
The key to the Wesley code followed on three closely written pages where
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abbreviations and symbols were all explained together with “other
indications of special elements of deciphering:” Another short list
completing the key was found on the inside back cover.
Dr. Heitzenrater was so overcome with excitement that he was almost too
tongue-tied to explain his discovery to the librarian. “I just stumbled into his
office. I couldn’t sit down for a couple of hours.
In due course, the Methodist Conference heard the story and gave Dr.
Helzenrater special permission to take the Ingham diary and the ten Wesley
Volumes to the United States. He is now engaged in decoding the diaries
and when he publishes his results, he will have the satisfaction of knowing
that he has made a major contribution to Wesleyan scholarship. And all
because he was the first man in a couple of hundred years to work through
that particular shelf in a Methodical and scholarly way.
(An adaption from: “The Dlarles of John Wesley” 1703-1791)
In each of the questions 1-9, select the best answer from the four options
provided. Indicate your answer by drawing a circle around the letter on this
question paper as in the example below. If you change your mind, cross out the
initial choice neatly and then circle your revised answer clearly.
For Question 10, answer as instructed.
Example:
This passage is about ….
A
academics.
B
Culture.
C
Religion.
D
Secrets.
D
is the best answer, and it has been circled.
1
In Paragraph 1, the word “we” refers to …
A
People all over the world.
B
Religious scholars and historians,
C
The common human beings.
D
the writer and his group.
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According to Paragraph 2, how old was John Wesley when the first
Methodist Chapel opened in Bristol?
A
26
B
36
C
52
D
88
From Paragraph 3, it is clear that…
A
a number of people had tried to read Wesley’s diaries without success.
B
nobody had tried to break Wesley’s code for two hundred years.
C
nobody will ever be able to decode the ten volumes completely.
D
Wesley’s secrets would remain locked up for ever.
According to Paragraph 4, there are two reasons for being surprised that the
Wesley diaries could not be read. The first is that most codes can be broken,
The second is that …
A
it was known to the members of Oxford University in Wesley’s days.
B
Scholars have succeeded in reading Egyptian hieroglyphics.
C
The diary of Samuel Pepys was deciphered after his death.
D
There must have been at least one written copy of the key.
According to Paragraph 5, Dr. Heitzenrater went to the Methodist archives
In order to find.
A
A diary written by a certain James Hervey.
B
A mistake in the catalogue of the books.
C
Material about the initiators of Methodism.
D
The key to the code of John Wesley’s diaries.
We can infer from the passage that previous visitors to the Methodist library
had ignored Benjamin Ingham’s diary because …
A
James Hervey had very little connection with John Wesley.
B
They did not know that Benjamin Ingham was closely connected with
John Wesley.
C
They did not know that James Hervey had been a friend of Wesley’s at
Oxford.
D
They were not looking for the key to John Wesley’s code.
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According to Paragraph 7, Dr. Heitzenrater was almost too tongue-tied to
Explain to the librarian that he had found.
A
a diary by a close friend of Wesley’s.
B
A mistake in the librarian’s catalogue.
C
Nowhere to sit down for two hours.
D
The key to deciphering Wesley’s diaries.
According to Paragraph 8, the Wesley diaries are now.
A
at the Methodist Conference.
B
at the Methodist Library.
C
in the Methodist Archives.
D
in the United States.
Which one of the following statements is true according to what the author
Thinks of Dr. Heitzenrater in Paragraph 8? Dr. Heitzenrater..
A
Did something to deserve the stroke of luck that will enable him to
decode Wesley’s diaries.
B
Has made a major contribution to Wesleyan Scholarship through pure
luck.
C
is the first methodical scholar to visit the Methodist archives in two
hundred years.
D
Will make a name for himself just because he had an underserved
stroke of luck.
From the underlined words in the passage, find a word that means the
Same or nearly the same as each of the following words or phrases.
(Spell them correctly)
(a) In a systematic manner ………………………………………………………
(b) Something that is very old . …………………………………………………..
(c) Academicians …………………………………………………………………
(d) Extra-ordinary …………………………………………………………………
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Question 3: Summary (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question that follows.
1
Do you cherish your life? Then take good care of yourself for good health is
the centre of staying alive. “Health,” wrote George Orwell, “is a primary
duty.” Good Health must be top of your priorities. You may want to do some
charity work at a certain orphanage. You may want to study, work and get
rich but alas, none of these can be achieved well if you mess up your health.
2
Therefore, work out as much as you can, push-ups and press ups will not
cost you a ngwee. Take long walks, do some swimming, do a bit of jogging
and aerobics whenever possible. Engage in physical sport like football and
netball.
3
With regards to food, eat food rich in fibre, eat a balanced diet and cut down
on junk and refined food. All drinks and drugs that do not benefit your body
or mind mock your senses and make you deteriorate into beasts. Eat a fruit
and if possible more a day and remember that, by fruit we do not mean
apples only but also mangoes, bananas, paw-paws. Oranges and lemons are
good fruits and very good for your body. Eat and enjoy fruit now. Otherwise
you will find even the sweetest orange bitter when you are lying ill in the
Intensive Care Unit.
4
About 70% of fluids in the body consist of water. It is imperative for you to
drink at least six mugs of water a day. Also you will not go wrong by taking a
health fruit drink. Eight hours of sleep is vital to your wellbeing, for it is at
night that we rest and sleep that our bodies get, so to speak, serviced, reenergized and repaired to face the challenges of another tomorrow. During
the day, we can work as much as we want but when night falls, it is best that
we go to bed.
5
Day for work, night for rest. God was no fool when he designed life that way.
If your workload cannot allow you to rest for eight hours straight at night,
then six hours is the second option. If you really love your life, do not, except
under serious pressure, break the six. It Is also important to take short
breaks to relax away from your job from time to time.
6
A body, like a machine, needs routine checks to find out its condition. A
person who cares about good health will from time to time visit a clinic or
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hospital for a routine check-up. It is also advisable for one to get up and go
to the clinic as soon as one feels that something is amiss. Otherwise they will
rush you to hospital on a stretcher, although it will be too late to help you
then. Keeping your teeth clean also keeps you healthy. Even a small leak can
sink a big ship. No wonder the saying “prevention is better than cure.”
(Adapted from 5peak out, Volume 35, Number)
Question:
Reading to the author, what should one do to enjoy good health? Present a
Al-connected summary of not more than 120 words.
Summary has been started for you.
In order to enjoy good health, you should……………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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EXAMINATION COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA
Examination for School Certificate Ordinary Level
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1121/2
PAPER 2
2 hours
2020
Answer all three questions
Question 1: Structure (20 Marks)
Answer both Section 1 and2
Section 1: Grammar (10 marks)
In each of the following sentences, the underlined word has been wrongly used.
Replace it with the correct word. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Example: We won them in yesterday's football match.
Answer: beat
1
Kipaila was bitten by a wasp.
Answer: …………………………………………………………………………………….
2
Simbomba succeeded to winning the chess competition.
Answer: …………………………………………………………………………………….
3
The teacher ordered the learners to keep quite.
Answer: …………………………………………………………………………………….
4
The tourists are interested in seeing a troupe of monkeys near the Victoria
falls.
Answer: …………………………………………………………………………………….
5
Of the two girls, Clara is the least beautiful
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
6
Matete, together with three other athletes, have left for Kenya.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
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The goat barked when it saw a snake.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
Having lied in bed for two hours, Dalitso regained consciousness.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
A pig and its kid were stolen yesterday.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
It is high time you sell your old car
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
Hakantu packed his car adjacent to the headteacher’s Office.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
Kahilu did not participate in the race because her head was paining.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
We look forward to have a chat with you again.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
A flock of wolves attacked them.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
Let us be calm and wait the outcome.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
The Procurement Officer has bought twenty rims of paper for the end of
term tests.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
There was barely no water in the tan.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
The guest of owner has just arrived.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
We do not know the route cause of the problem.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
My neighbour helped me to put off the fire.
Answer: ……………………………………………………………………………………
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Section 2 Transformations (10 marks)
In each of the following items, Sentence A Is complete, but Sentence B is
incomplete. Complete Sentence B each time making t as similar as possible in
meaning to Sentence A. Make Sentence B one sentence, never two. Do not make
any changes to the printed parts of Sentence B.
Example:
A
Human right must be observed by everyone.
B
What ......................................................................................................
Answer: B What must be observed by everyone are human rights.
1
A
B
Learners are not allowed out of bounds under any circumstances.
Under................................................................................................
2
A
B
If you train harder, you will win the fight.
Unless..............................................................................................
3
A
B
Those clouds are lovely, but they signal the coming of bad weather.
Lovely ................................................................................................
4
A
B
They were driving through town, so they decided to pay us a visit.
As ………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5
A
B
We did not request the gift and we did not expect it.
We neither ……………………………………………………………………………………
6
A
B
As soon as you finish packing, we will leave.
No sooner.........................................................................................
7
A
B
The headteacher and all the prefects are attending a meeting.
The headteacher, as..........................................................................
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B
As the doctor ran several medical tests on the patient, cancer cells
were seen in the specimen.
Running ..............................................................................................
9
A
B
Sichikali would rather plant beans than harvest rice.
Sichikali prefers.....................................................................................
10
A
Mr Nwansa spoke very fluently. All the participant understood his
presentation.
So ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
B
Question 2: Comprehension (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
1
2
3
I was born in Kitwe on the Copperbelt Province. Our homestead was about
four hundred metres away from where my best friend, Angela, lived. Our
homestead stood on a five-acre land where my parents grew assorted
vegetable and fruit. We lived about twenty kilometres away from the
Central Business District (CBD). Our house was called ‘Paradizo ‘owing to its
beautiful scenery. As a result, some people in the neighborhood used to
come for viewing and others to take photographs.
The beginning of my life was simple and much like every other first child in
any family. I used to be ’naughty ‘in my early childhood. I could play in the
soil and make my clothes dirty. I was told that I walked the day I was a year
old. Apart from that, I used to sit on my mother ‘s lap or cling to her dress as
she went about her household duties. My hands felt every object and
observed every motion and in this way I learnt many things.
One early morning, just after my seventh birthday, a sad incident occurred
to me. An illness incapacitated me suddenly and mysteriously. I started
experiencing strange feelings every day. This continued for a fortnight. Not
only was this situation worrisome to me, but also to my parents. It
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prompted them to take me to the hospital which was many kilometres away
from home.
When we reached the hospital, a physician attended to me. She carnet out
the medical check-ups and tests. In my opinion, these medical investigations
were thorough. After the results were ready, she reliably informed my
parents that there was nothing she could do about my illness. I vividly
remember how heartbroken my parents and I were that day. When we went
back home, I cried my eyes out the whole evening. My parents tried to
comfort me, but to no avail. Not even my friend Angela could manage to
console me , when she visited us that evening.
However, my parents, especially my mother, did not relent in their efforts to
support me. They gave me great hope that I could still live a normal life and
attain success in my academic endeavors. After some time, I felt the need to
communicate with others again and began to make crude signs. A shake of
the head meant ‘No’ and a nod, ‘Yes’. A pull meant 'Come’ and a push, ‘Go‘.
Moreover, my mother succeeded in making me understand a great deal of
the signs. 1always knew when she wished me to bring her something, and I
would run upstairs or anywhere else she indicated. Indeed, I owe to her
loving wisdom all that was bright and good in my long life.
At eight, I had learnt how to fold and put away the clean clothes when they
were brought in from the laundry and t distinguished myself from the rest.
Nevertheless, that did not mean 1had dominion over anyone.
During my school life, I worked hard at bath primary and secondary levels. I
still owe this achievement to my mother and father who supported and
encouraged me consistently. In my final grade, I was among the top five
learners who got very good results in the School Certificate Examination.
The following year, I was admitted to the University of Zambia where I
pursued Special Education. After four years, I graduated and obtained a
degree. I got an award in the category of the best performing student in
Special Education.
(Adapted from: 'The Story of My Life by Hellen Keller)
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In each of the questions 1- 8, select the best answer from the four options
provided. Indicate your answer by drawing a circle around the letter on the
question paper, as in the example given below. If you change your mind, cross
out the initial choice very neatly then circle your revised answer clearly. For
question 10, answer as instructed.
Example:
The passage is about someone who was incapacitated by illness...
A
and failed the examination.
B
and lost hope in life.
C
and was not successful.
D
but never gave up in life.
D is the best answer.
1
2
3
In Paragraph 1, the writer’s house was called ‘Paradizo‘ because ...
A
it had a queer scenery.
B
of its attractiveness.
C
some people used to photograph it.
D
some people went to view it.
According to Paragraph 3, for how long did the writer experience strange
feelings? For ... weeks.
A
forty
B
four
C
three
D
two
The Paragraph 4, the expression: "... I cried my eyes out ...”, shows that the
writer ...
A
was heartbroken.
B
had tears coming out repeatedly.
C
cried very loudly.
D
cried for a long time.
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6
7
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From the tone of the writer in Paragraph 5, we can say that the writer ...
A
was successful in speaking.
B
was happy with herself.
C
received hope from friends.
D
appreciated the mother.
We can conclude from Paragraph 5 that the writer suffered from ...
A
blindness.
B
brain disorder.
C
deafness.
D
paralysis.
In Paragraph 6, the expression: "I distinguished myself from the rest"; the
rest refers to …
A
clean clothes.
B
how to fold clothes.
C
other people.
D
putting away clothes.
According to Paragraph 7, the author is grateful to her parents for their…
A
achievement and support.
B
consistency and achievement.
C
Support and consistency.
D
support and encouragement.
From tie passage, we can conclude that the writer was…
A
arrogant.
B
boastful.
C
diligent.
D
playful.
It is shown in Paragraph 7 that the writer was academically outstanding.
Write the sentence that illustrates this tact.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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From the underlined words in the passage, find one word which means the
same or nearly the same as the following words or phrases (spell each word
correctly
(i)
invariably …………………………………………………………………………..
(ii) comprehensive…………………………………………………………………..
(iii) clearly ………………………………………………………………………………..
(iv) differentiated …………………………………………………………………….
Question 3: Summary (20 Marks)
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question that follows.
1
Sight savers Zambia says globally, women are more likely to experience poor
eye health than men. Cataracts, conjunctivitis and age-related macula
degeneration (AMD) are some of the eye diseases well known to human
beings.
2
Cataracts are characterized by clouding of the lens in the eyes. Women's
day-to-day activities subject them to greater risk and prevent them from
seeking care when they stance, in many developing countries, Women are
more likely to take on the role of cooking for the household and the smoke
from the firewood has been linked to increased risk of developing cataracts.
3
In some societies, women rely on their male relatives to pay for their optical
care and this can cause delay in accessing treatment. Besides causing cloudy
vision, cataracts may lead to glare, difficulty seeing at night and double
vision. Colours may appear faded. Magnifying lenses and anti-glare
sunglasses can help one to manage the condition. When cataracts interfere
with the ability to drive or do other necessary activities, it is wise to go to
the hospital to undergo surgery so as to improve and restore vision. Older
women, in most cases, have low levels of literacy, which means it may take
them longer to realise they have a problem with their vision. Several eye
health surveys conducted in Zambia have highlighted that men and women
have different eye health needs. Old age, trauma to the eyes, diabetes,
smoking and alcohol use all increase the risk of cataracts in both sexes.
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Age-related macula degeneration (AMD) is an eye condition that causes
vision loss typically in people aged 50 and over. AUD result in damage to the
macula, the portion in the middle of the retina that is responsible for central
vision, The Sustainable Development Goals state that everyone has an equal
right to good health and well-being. Most women in rural areas have limited
financial decision-making authority within their homes. This, sadly,
precludes them from going to hospitals in towns to seek medical
attention.
Conjunctivitis is a condition that causes inflammation and redness of the
whites of the eyes and membranes surrounding the inner eyelids.
Conjunctivitis may be caused by bacteria, viruses or chemicals. Some women
resort to traditional medicine arid religious healing before seeking
professional medical help, thus delaying care and worsening their condition.
The majority of cases of conjunctivitis are viral and antibiotics are
ineffective. Women usually shun health centres after diagnosis but instead
wait for an eye specialist to visit their area. Eye-related illnesses, in this
regard, may increase and the end result is sightlessness.
Multiple interventions have been adopted to counter some of the gender
related barriers to accessing eye health services. These interventions have
focused on increasing” awareness of eye health among women through
mobilizing women groups so that they can reach out to other women and
address some of the societal norms that perpetuate gender inequality.
(Adapted from the 'Zambia Daily Nail’, Thursday, February 27, 2020)
Question:
In not more than 135 words, explain why women are more likely to suffer from
eye diseases. The summary has been started for you.
Women are more likely to suffer from eye diseases because …………………………….…
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2009
QUESTION 1 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
MAIN POINTS ( – 1 mark each point)
He chased and locked her out of the house. Waited for Mwiza to open the door. Fourth
knock Mwiza opened the window spat into her face. Vowed never to return. She walked
away. Hardly a month after their (expensive) wedding. So late in the night. She hired /
took / got into a taxi / a taxi stopped, entered and sat in the passenger’s seat. Asked for
Big Ben‟s / Benson’s place / home / house. After a while she arrived. Ben paid the taxi
driver. Carried the luggage in/into the house / assisted Towera to carry the luggage into
the house. Towera narrated/explained that her husband had seen them at the market.
Ben sympathized with her and comforted her / don’t cry, leave everything in my hands.
He welcomed her and showed her the house led her around the room, eat anything you
want
QUESTION 2 COMPREHENSION [ 20 MARKS]
(2marks each)
1.
C
6.
C
10. (½ mark each)
2.
B
7.
A
(a) deserted
3.
B
8.
A
(b) swarms
4.
C
9.
B
(c) linked
5.
B
(d) exterminate
QUESTION 3 STRUCTURE
Section 1 [10 marks] (No mark for spelling errors)
1. B. None of the cattle is (not in / out of / outside) the kraal.
2. B. Football, together with basketball, is a popular game in Zambia.
(½ mark for no comma)
3. B. Not until somebody helps you will you be able to solve this problem
Or Not until you are helped will you (ever) solve this problem.
4. B. Football is considered the most important sport in the world. Or
Football is considered by most people the most interesting sport in the
world.
5. B. I would rather go the cinema than watch television.
6. B. Galloping across the road, the horse narrowly missed the car. (½ mark for no
comma)
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7. B. Unless you go for Voluntary Counseling and Testing / V.C.T., you will not know
your HIV status. (½ mark for no comma)
8. B. The teacher said, “I want you to tell me the truth or (else) I (will) slap you.”
9. B. So bewildered was my mother that she could not/was unable to/was not able
to/failed to talk.
10. B. No matter how hard I train, my performance does not improve. (½ mark for
no comma)
Section 2 Prepositions [10 Marks ] (½ mark each)
Spellings must be correct
1.
to
11.
over
2.
for
12.
up
3.
through
13.
up
4.
off
14.
out
5.
on
15.
across
6.
to
16.
through
7.
along
17.
on
8.
out
18.
with
9.
into
19.
over
10.
on
20.
by
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2010
QUESTION 1 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
MAIN POINTS ( – 1 mark each point)
Produces vitamin A and C. vitamin A is good for eyesight and prevents blindness. Vitamin
A boosts the immune system of the sick and healthy people. Vitamin C helps in having a
good skin. It prevents oxidative reactions / acts as an oxidant that can damage or kill
cells and prevents scurvy. Omega-3 may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease / or
blood circulatory problems. It has anti-cancer effects. Guava seeds contain dietary fibre
/ roughage that helps in bowel movement. Sand dietary minerals. They have potassium.
It is important for the balance of pressure in cells. Guavas produce magnesium which
helps in the functioning of enzymes in the body. It also contains carotenoids which
enhance the immune system. Polyphenols found in guavas may have antioxidant
properties
QUESTION 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
1.
D
6.
A
10. (½ mark each)
2.
D
7.
C
(a) surmountable
3.
B
8.
D
(b) enthusiasm
4.
C
9.
B
(c) inevitable
5.
B
(d) guarantee
(No mark for wrong spellings
QUESTION 3 STRUCTURE
Section 1 [10 marks] (No mark for spelling errors)
B. Crossing the road, the snake was killed by Peter. no mark for omission of ‘Peter’)
B. But for the bad road, we would have visited you. Or the road being bad, we would
have visited you. (½ mark for no comma, no mark for ‘failed to visit you’)
B. The President, as well as ten other government officials, is touring our village. (½
mark for omission of commas).
B. With anger and pride, Joseph resolved to fight back. (½ mark for omission of
comma, ½ mark for small ‘j’)
B. His friend lent him the money last week. Or ….lent the money to him last week. (½
mark for omission of ‘the’)
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6. B. Only after meeting the man did I realize how dangerous he was Or Only after I met
the man did I realize how dangerous he was Or Only after meeting him did I realize
did I realize how dangerous he was.
7. B. She is too intelligent not to be selected for Grade Ten. (accept small ‘g’ and ‘t’ for
grade ten)
8. B. Rarely does he go to the village.
9. B. Jane survived her brother.
10. .B. He passed (much) better than they thought (he would).
Section 2 Lexis [10 marks] [½ Mark each] Spellings must be correct
1.
what
11. wagged
2.
are
12.
sheep
3.
weed
13.
aching
4.
anybody/anyone (one word)
14. fleet
5.
up
15.
claws/talons
6.
most
16.
seated
7.
with
17.
void
8.
would
18.
clients
9.
beat
19.
voyage
10.
bunch/bouquet
20.
Mourning
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ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2011
QUESTION 1 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
MAIN POINTS ( – 1 mark each point) (½ mark for omission of underlined words)
The high acidity level in carbonated drinks creates an imbalance in the body as it leads
to acidosis. Too much acid creates a digestion problem in the system. Carbonated drinks
have carbonic acid that inhibits the use of calcium in the body thereby adversely
affecting bone formation. this causes osteoporosis (softening of the teeth (½) and bones
(½). consuming carbonated drinks excessively (½) forces the body to harbor carbon
dioxide resulting in more distention of the stomach (½) and more acid reflux. carbonated
drinks result in loss of appetite if taken shortly after meals. some carbonated drinks
contain caffeine, which causes addiction. when carbonated drinks are not taken by
addicts (people not used to them), unexplained tiredness and headaches result.
carbonated drinks that are caffeinated lead to jitters, Insomnia, irregular heartbeats.
Vitamin and mineral depletion and breast lumps. The sugar added to carbonated drinks
increases insulin levels and excessive weight gain.
QUESTION 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
1.
C
6.
D
2.
D
7.
B
3.
D
8.
A
4.
B
9.
D
5.
C
10. (½ mark each)
(a) captivity
(b) predecessor
(c) remarkable
(d) flexibility
QUESTION 3 STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1 Rewrites [1 Mark each] (No mark for wrong spellings)
1. .B. If I were you /in your place/situation/shoes, I would ask for a transfer to another
school. (½ mark for no comma)
2. B. Chatting under a tree by the roadside, we were nearly hit by a car. (½ mark for no
comma) Ensure the correct article is used ’a’ car NOT ‘the’ car.
3. B. Now that you have completed Grade 12, you can go the game park for a holiday.
[½ mark for no comma]
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4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
B. My parents made - me go to school
B. John wondered - if/whether his friends would come the next day/following day.
B. Not only - is he a cousin, he is also a good friend of mine. (½ mark for no comma)
B. He - is alleged to have stolen from his neighbour/allegedly stole from his neighbour.
B. Neither the Biology - text book nor the history text book was in good shape.
B. If - I knew the answer, she would not be doubting/doubtful/would not doubt.
[½ mark for no comma]
10. B. It appears - (that) the building is on fire.
Section 2 Cloze [½ mark for each correct word]
Spellings must be correct.
1.
among
8.
for
2.
on
9.
will
3.
above
10. under
4.
nor
11. Of
5.
to
12. Of
6.
with
13. To
7.
away
14. From
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
towards
beside
at/by
means
would
With
ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2012
QUESTION 1 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
MAIN POINTS ( – 1 mark each point)
Should prevent entry of diseases on the farm Buy animals of known health status,
Quarantine those of unknown status, Record introduced animals, Ensure that cattle
transportation does not introduce diseases, Remove or bury dead animals appropriately,
Secure boundaries or Limit people and wildlife’s access to the farm, Keep record of
visitors, Use protective clothing and footwear, Clear faecal material from vehicle tracks,
Control disease spreading vermin, Detect animal disease early/ Screen animals for
diseases, Have a permanent identification system, Develop an effective herd
management programme me on prevention in consultation with a veterinarian, Attend
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to sick animals quickly, isolate them. Milk them last, separate the milk to avoid
transmission of diseases to people, Keep written treatment records, Always use chemicals
according to directions and observe appropriate withholding periods and Train farm
workers to follow procedures
QUESTION 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. A
5. C
[ 2 marks]
[ 2 marks]
[ 2 marks]
[ 2 marks]
[ 2 marks]
6. B [ 2 marks]
7. D [ 2 marks]
8. A [ 2 marks]
9. A [ 2 marks]
10. No marks for wrong spellings.
(i) Rummaging
[ ½ mark]
(ii) Disdained
[ ½ mark]
(iii) Maligned
[ ½ mark]
(iv) Regurgitate
[ ½ mark]
QUESTION 3 STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1 Rewrites: [1 Mark Each] (No mark for spelling errors)
1. Jane is the laziest and most ridiculous child in the family. Or
Jane is the most ridiculous and laziest child in the family.
2. So angry was the Headteacher with the noisy class that he punished them.
3. That she insulted her mother-in-law was so shocking.
4. Neither George nor Judith greets me. Or
Neither George nor does Judith greet me.
5. “Where is your younger sister?” asked Michael. Or
Namakau, where is your younger sister?’ asked Michael.
(Punctuation is obligatory. Any omission of punctuation zero should be awarded)
6. I prefer drinking water to beer. (½ mark for omission of ‘drinking’).
7. Being bad, the milk was thrown away. Or
Being bad, the milk was thrown away by John. (Omission of comma award ½ mark.)
8. At no time have I (ever) thought of that.
9. I bought an attractive, high heeled, red, leather pair of shoes.
Omission of commas award ½ mark. Omission of the article „an‟ ½ mark.
10. You needn’t come tomorrow.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
SECTION 2 [½ Mark Each] [10 marks]
Far
These
Causes
Especially/particularly
That
Present
With
Loss
Admissions
Among
SUCCESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
If
Being
Treat
Bitten
Has
In
There
Remained/been
Cause
Provided
ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2013
QUESTION 1 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
MAIN POINTS ( – 1 mark each point)
It increases the cost of goods and services. The national economy suffers unjustified
surcharge. The decision maker may accept a substandard quality of service. To increase
his personal profit. Complicity between government departments and contractors may
result in corner-cutting With regard to agreed standards of quality. Corruption
determines the conception and choice of a project and priorities of a project. Real
development priorities of a country are neglected. In favour of operations which generate
the greatest personal gain for the decision makers. It is the cause and consequence of
underdevelopment. It discourages potential foreign investors and public donors.
Entrepreneurs can withdraw because of the constraints imposed on a country. Public
donors become reluctant. To offer financial aid to a country
QUESTION 2 (COMPREHENSION) 20 MARKS
1. C [2]
5. A [2]
2. A [2]
6. A [2]
3. D [2]
7. D [2]
4. D [2]
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8. However, concern remains that this “free education” exists only on paper and in
reality remains unaffordable to poorer households.
[2]
9. A
catering
[ ½]
B
mimick
[ ½]
C
fundamental
[½ ]
D
moderate
[½ ]
10. A
vulnerable
[½ ]
B
access
[½ ]
C
affordable
[½ ]
D
Dramatic
[½ ]
QUESTION 3 STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1 Rewrites [1 Mark Each]
1. On no account should pupils be allowed free access to the staffroom.
2. He neither understands nor sympathises with anyone.
3. Man, unfortunately, is naturally selfish and possessive.
4. Lit at 18:00 hours, the lamp burnt until midnight.
5. You have to do it again.
6. Neither Peter nor John is dull.
7. Mr. Chama reminded his son to wake up early the following/next morning.
8. The girls have arranged the venue for the party.
9. Because Francis always tells lies, no one believes him.
10. You are coming with us, aren‟t you?
Section 2 Lexis [½ Mark Each] [10 marks]
1.
Were
11. Profession
2.
Further
12. Stationary
3.
Vain
13. Preferred
4.
Whose
14. Borne
5.
Whether
15. Hoarse
6.
Their
16. Skilful
7.
Later
17. Laid
8.
Grocery
18. Denied
9.
Definitely
19. Welfare
10. Guerilla
20. Cost
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ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2014
QUESTION 1 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
MAIN POINTS ( – 1 mark each point)
There are many causes of high blood pressure. Among them are……increase in the rate
of flow of blood, decrease in the caliber of the blood vessel due to the cholesterol deposits
on the internal walls of the blood vessels. Heredity and being a black male, increase with
age, excess salt intake can boost blood pressure especially to people with diabetes.
Obesity and smoking, caffeine, emotional and physical stress may also aggravate high
blood pressure. Intensive or chronic consumption of alcohol and lack of physical activity
also lead to hypertension. Control measures include: living a healthy lifestyle, having a
balanced low-calorie diet, avoid fast and „miracle‟ diets, moderate physical exercise,
reduction in salt intake, increase in potassium and calcium intake.
QUESTION 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
1.
B
6.
D
10.
2.
D
7.
A
3.
B
8.
C
4.
B
9.
A
5.
A
(i) Stunned ---------- (d) Example
(ii) Splendor -------- (e)
(iii) Stiletto ---------- (a)
(iv) Extravagance -- (c)
(v) Plume ------------ (b)
QUESTION 3 STRUCTURE 20 MARKS
Section 1 Rewrites [1 Mark Each]
1. B: It hardly rains in the desert…….does it?
2. B: Aunt Linda noted that Chanda had a health problem and (that) she needed
specialist attention.
3. B: Owing to the drought the area experiences, crop yields are often poor.
4. B: Having been convinced that his learners had understood the lesson, Mr Phiri left
the class.
5. B: None of the girls is ugly.
6. B: He was so skillful that he scored three goals in one match.
7. B: To Mr Mubita‟s surprise, his sister visited him at a time he least expected her.
8. B: Provided (that) John helps me, I will do the work. OR
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B Provided you ask John to help me, I will do the work.
9. B: Learners are blamed by the teachers for the poor results at Grade Twelve.
10. B: That sugar prices will go unavoidable sharply next week.
Section 2 Lexis [½ Mark each]
1. lend
11. overtaken
2. compliment
12. quiet
3. peel
13. principal
4. Careers
14. practice
5. Councilor
15. stationery
6. descent
16. wonder
7. dress up
17. currant
8. heroine
18. lightning
9. moral
19. altogether
10. royal
20. Sale
ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2015
QUESTION 1 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
MAIN POINTS ( – 1 mark each point)
A cell phone is important today in many ways. It……………is a perfect way to stay
connected with others and provide the user with a sense of security. In an emergency you
can get help quickly and could save lives. It can be used for internet access, and sending
and receiving photos and files. Some phones can be used in most locations around the
world. They can be found if lost and allow the user to be located in case of emergency.
You can send data to the office or home. You can check for important email, use it as a
Personal Assistant or calendar, and store photos which can be transferred to the personal
computer or laptop. The competition in the wireless service provider industry has made
cell phones affordable and easy to use. It has become a status symbol.
QUESTION 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
1.
C
6.
2.
B
7.
3.
A
8.
4.
C
5.
C
C
D
B
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9. (ii) Barons
(viii) Halt
(iii) Devout
(ix)
Adage
(v) Exasperate
(x)
Custodian
(vii) Dumbfounded
(xi) Kerfuffle
QUESTION 3 STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1 Lexis [10 marks] [½ Mark Each]
1. twinkle
8. dusk
15. basket
2. bleating
9. stitch
16. curiosity
3. seldom
10 running
17. nonsense
4. screeching
11. emphasised
18. stealthily
5. fiddle
12. wailed
19. patiently
6. slithering
13. treated
20. Nail
7. rumbled
14. from
Section 2 Rewrites [10 marks] [1 Mark Each]
1. B: Misozi asked Ben if he would take her out for dinner the following day/the
coming day.
2. B: Despite being hungry, Chola did not eat at the wedding.
3. B: If Peter had ridden the bicycle carefully, how wouldn’t have fallen and broken
his leg.
4. B: All the boys in my class did not play soccer.
5. B: Scarcely did Mwape get home/had Mwape got home when he started feeling
sick.
6. B: The suggestion that women could not make good presidents upset her.
7. B: The old woman’s chitenge was too old to be mended.
8. B: Coming…out of the house, Mary was dragged into a car by a strange man and
drove off.
9. B: Take that bucket away, will you?
10. B: The school debate club, as well as five other teams, is contesting in the interschools competition.
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ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2016
QUESTION 1 STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1 Lexis [½ Mark Each]]
1. grew
11. accomplished
2. forefathers
12. defeat
3 miserly
13. genuine
4. sufficient
14. strong
5. trait
15. cleverness
6. scolded
16. died
7. regarded
17. increased quickly
8. overturned
18. predicted
9. dealt with
19. escalated
10. established
20. a little
Section 2 Rewrites [1 Mark Each]
1B:
The teacher, in collaboration with… her learners, is working hard
towards the attainment of good results.
2B: This woman … is surprisingly patient.
3B: She was … reported to have died of cerebral malaria.
4B: Not until … next Thursday will you manage to find him.
5B: The goalkeeper said that … he was not responsible for that loss in
any way.
6B: Unless … you remain focused, you will not emerge victorious.
7B: It is high time … we met and discussed this issue.
8B: It takes … courage and determination to succeed in life.
9B: No sooner had … Andy won the race than he fainted.
10B: In spite of…being very tall, Betty is not good at long jump.
10B: In spite of… the fact that Betty is very tall, she is not good at long
jump.
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QUESTION 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
1. D
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. D
8. C
9. C
10. (i)
(ii)
Ideagraphic
Phonetic language
QUESTION 3 SUMMMARY 20 MARKS
In order to curb childhood obesity, parents should……Serve their
children with more fruit and vegetables and limit soft drinks, sweetened
beverages and high-fat sugary snacks but give them mainly water or low
fat milk and baked, boiled or steamed foods. Children should be given
smaller food portions and not be given food as a reward or „bribe‟.
They should not be allowed to skip breakfast or be permitted to eat
while watching television or using the computer. Parents should limit
the time children spend watching television or using the computer and
playing video games. Parents should assign active chores to their
children and encourage physical activity in form of riding bikes, playing
ball games and jumping rope. Parents should promote active family
outings through visiting the zoo, swimming or playing in the park.
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ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2017 G.C.E
QUESTION 1: STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1: Vocabulary: [10 marks]
1
Disposed of
11 Vigour
2
Attire
12 Surveillance
3
Surpasses
13 Psyche
4
Revealed
14 Amiable
5
Infringed
15 get rid of
6
Sophisticated
16 Mobility
7
Fortnight
17 broke up
8
Adjacent to
18 on-going g
9
Contemporary
19 acknowledge
10 Enrolled
20 Diversify
Section 2: Transformations (10 marks)
1
2
B
B
3
B
4
B
5
B
6
B
7
B
Not until I finish the. Work will I go to the movies.
Stay away from the fence, will you? Without a comma and a
question mark, award (zero).
If the boy is proved innocent, he will not be sentenced to
fifteen years in prison.
OR If the boy is not proved innocent, he will be sentenced to
fifteen years imprison.
My mother told me to keep my money in that tin until the
following/ next day.
The monitor has the duty collecting books.
OR The monitor has the responsibility of collecting books.
Hantiyo ejoyed attending the Kuomboka Ceremony and
seeing the Litunga.
Sichula, as well as Yelesani, is good at Mathematics.
Without a comma, award a (%) mark. The use of are’ instead
of ‘is’ is incorrect.
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8
B
9
B
10
B
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Poor as Mrs Milimo was, she managed to send her six
children to school.
OR Poor though Mrs Milimo was, she managed to send her
six children to school.
We came here with a view to see the extent of the damage to
the bridge.
OR We came here with a view to seeing the extent of the
damage to the bridge.
Mugubule needn’t have come for the meeting.
QUESTION 2: COMPREHENSION (20 MARKS)
1
A
2
D
3
5
B
6
D
7
9
B
10 A
Repulsive
B
Delicate
C
Bleaching
D
Detest
C
D
4
8
D
C
QUESTION 3: SUMMARY (20 MARKS)
The major practical applications of the study of the rift valleys in Africa
could be cited as… rift valley system are having a number of bodies of
igneous rock / these rocks contain valuable metals / Which are
increasingly important / in modern technology / the internal drainage of
the rift valleys / And of their volcanic activity causes great saline
accumulations / These-are-found in Lakes Magadi-/ And-Natron On theborders of Tanzania and Kenya / and potash deposits at Afar depression
in Ethiopia / there are areas where ground water is heated / these
geothermal areas contain many hot springs / geysers / steam jets and
gas jets / is possible to tap geothermal steam or gas/to generate
electricity / the cost of geothermal generation of electricity is less than
of conventional fuels / it is also possible to predict where earthquakes
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would occur / and to establish codes of building construction / that
would minimise damage / when there is an-earthquake.
ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2017
QUESTION 1 STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1 Lexis [10 marks] [½ Mark Each]
1.
turned up
11.
2.
synthetic
12.
3.
erratic
13.
4.
frank
14.
5.
wealthy
15.
6.
contaminated
16.
7.
variety
17.
8.
appropriate
18.
9.
came across
10. visited
20.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
word for word
support
provisional
shallow
Failed
corpse
puts out
worsened
19. healer
Serious
Section 2 Rewrites [1 Mark Each]
B
At the far end, the pool is not so deep as here. OR
B At the far end, the pool is shallower than here. OR
B At the far end, the pool is not as deep as it is here.
B Mr. Banda commanded Mumba to give that receipt to his/her teacher the
following day/the next day/the coming day.
B Not until you are sixteen will you qualify to enter college. OR
B Not until you turn sixteen will you qualify to enter college.
B In spite of the heavy storm, the little girl walked to school. OR
B In spite of the storm being heavy, the little girl walked to school. OR
B In spite of the fact that the storm was heavy, the little girl walked to school.
B However much you can scream, she will not hear you.
B So good was the book that it was published right away.
B Scarcely had Mary left the room when the baby started crying. OR
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B Scarcely did Mary leave the room when the baby started crying.
8. B The goods were stolen because the building lacked security.
9. B Picking mushrooms in the bush, Monde was bitten by a snake.
10. B Cassava was being roasted and given to their parents by the children. OR
B Cassava was being roasted by the children and given to their parents.
QUESTION 2 COMPREHENSION [20 MARKS]
1. A
6.
A
10. (a) Exposed
2. D
7.
C
(b) Damage
3. C
8.
D
(c) Increased
4. B
9.
A
(d) Released
5. C
QUESTION 3 SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
MAIN POINTS ( – 1 mark each point)
An ideal police officer should……..be competent. He/she provides unproblematic
service to the complainant. Must be punctual when responding to calls for assistance
from members of the public. Must be educated and well-trained. Must be friendly,
approachable and patient with people. Must be respectful of civilians and should not
use gratuitous violence. Must be exemplary in his or her actions. Should be objective,
committed and passionate about his or her work. Must be physically fit, honest and
trustworthy. Must apply the law that he or she was trained to do. Must be flexible and
radiate a humane face when dealing with both witnesses and suspects.
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ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2019
QUESTION 1: STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1: Cloze Analysis: [10 marks]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
to
in
for
or
be / present/pose
for
That
than
be
been
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
through/dung / by
Whom
an
ones/people
Out
order
voice
among /by / for / of
because /when/if /as/since
being
Section 2: Transformations (10 marks)
1
2
B
B
3
B
4
B
5
B
6
B
People are uplifted out of poverty by education.
Containing a lot of irrelevant information, the magazine must
be edited by the Secretary.
Containing a lot of irrelevant information, the secretary must
edit the Magazine. X (Wrong)
A boy child, as well as a girl child, is a future leader.
A boy child, as well as a girl child, are future leaders. X (Wrong)
Blood comprises red cells, white cells, platelets and plasma.
Blood comprises of red cells, white cells, platelets and plasma.
X (Wrong)
Little do criminals realise that breaking the law retards
development.
Unless people play a variety of sports, they will not/won’t be
healthy.
Omission of a comma, award a ½ mark.
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7
B
8
B
9
B
10
B
SUCCESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Most people marry with a view to having a family.
Most people marry with a view of having a family. X (Wrong)
We enjoyed visiting many places of interest and buying
(some) souvenirs.
There is an adage that states that “Health is wealth”, isn’t
there?
Omission of a comma or a question mark, award a ½ mark,
but if both are missing, mark the sentence wrong.
The police officer said that human rights are not absolute.
The police officer said that human rights were not absolute.
QUESTION 2: COMPREHENSION (20 MARKS)
1
C
2
A
3
C
6
C
7
C
8
B
10 (a) Hankering
(b) Gluttony
(c) Congenital
(d) Obesity
4
9
C
D
5
A
QUESTION 3: SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
are subjected to violence / and human traffickers / who offer false
promises of employment and assistance / They face sexual
harassment/Sexual abuse / and discrimination based on gender and
ethnicity / they are vastly over-represented in low-paying, labourintensive factories / where their rights are violated / they end up in
squalid slums without amenities /forcing them into detestable activities.
/ Precariousness and withholding of earnings are common threats. / The
non-recognition of their qualifications, rigorous certification
programmes / and employment limitations on their residence permits, /
confine them to low-skilled occupations, resulting in loss of professional
skills / To address their plight, workshops are being conducted by
numerous cures / to help them to become autonomous and selfconfident, / enabling them to participate more in city life. / Non147 | P a g e W A T S A P : 0 9 6 5 0 3 8 3 7 7 C A L / T E X T : 0 9 7 4 7 9 4 0 5 6 / 0 9 5 4 4 8 2 3 5 0
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governmental organisations are consistently offering mentoring
programmes / Faith-based organisations are capacitating them / to
determine when to migrate and what course of action to take upon
arrival / They are being offered catering and general agriculture courses.
ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2020 G.C.E
QUESTION 1: STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1: Vocabulary: [10 marks]
1
to
11
2
prescribed
12
3
lay
13
4
foul
14
5
laid
15
6
hamper
16
7
ascribed
17
8
soar
18
9
chum
19
10 on
20
tag
bacterium
violate
stung
tug
invalid
sow
Pack
in
of
Section 2: Transformations (10 marks)
1
This is the tastiest meal I have ever eaten.
2
Mr Banda, who is a teacher of English, will give a talk on cholera
prevention tomorrow. (Without the two commas, award a½ marks.
3
Not only did Kangaipe look gloomy but also troubled.
Not only did Kangaipe look gloomy but troubled too/as well.
4
Only if he is reminded will he pay the debts.
5
Janet said that she would visit her uncle the following month.
6 It was such an interesting topic that everyone liked it.
7
Mr Sibeso, with his colleagues, was an outstanding freedom
fighter.
8
Taking money to the bank, the businessman was ambushed by
robbers.
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Reject: Taking money to the bank, robbers ambushed the
businessman. X
9
The thief was apprehended and taken to the police station by the
cadets.
10 It was not until Chisela left school that he knew how to read.
Reject: It was not until Chisela left school did he know how to read.
SESTION 2: COMPREHENSION (20 MARKS)
1
5
9
D
B
(i)
(ii)
2
A
3
A
4
D
6
B
7
A
8
8
They eat wasps and hornets that prey on bees.
In autumn, they feed on old bees that are more likely to
infect the hive with disease.
[The advantages can be in any order]
10 A
Unique
B
Captivity
C
Drab
D
Venom
QUESTION 3
SUMMARY
[20 MARKS]
Keep their children safe and healthy during the rainy season, parents
should … Watch over their children at all times / Prevent the little ones
from getting drenched / keep them away from rain dancing / Simply let
them watch the rain / Give them clothes and shoes that prevent them
from catching airborne / And waterborne infections / If they (decide to)
take them out during weekends / ensure they are protected from rainrelated dangers / Instil in children the notion that ‘mum Is the best cook
/ and home made food is the best for them / give them clean water /
warm baths / with good antiseptic soaps are important / before going to
school / and when they come back home / they should be warm at all
times / when inside the house, children should be kept busy with
activities / that can keep them engaged / offer them non stop fun and
knowledge / teach them about the hazards of getting wet in rain.
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ANSWERS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER 2 – 2020
QUESTION 1: STRUCTURE [20 MARKS]
Section 1: Cloze Analysis: [10 marks]
1
stung
11 parked
2
in
12 aching
3
quiet
13 having
4
troop
14 pack
5
less
15 await
6
has
16 reams
7
bleated
17 any
8
lain
18 honour
9
piglet
19 root
10 sold
20 out
Section 2: Transformations (10 marks)
1
B
Under no circumstances are learners allowed out of bounds.
(if a comma is put between circumstances and are, award a half mark)
2
B
3
B
4
B
Unless you train harder, you will not win the fight.
Or: Unless you train harder, you won’t win the fight
Or: Unless you train harder, you will lose the fight.
(if the comma is missing, award half mark.)
lovely though those cloudy are, they signal the coming of bad
weather.
OR Lovely as those clouds are, they signal the coming of bad
weather.
DO NOT ACCEPT
Lovely though those clouds are, but they signal the coming of
bad weather.
As they were driving through town, they decided to pay us a
visit.
(if the comma is missing, award a half mark)
Do not accept:
As hey were driving through town, so they decided to pay us
a visit.
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5
6
B
B
SUCCESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
We neither requested the gift nor did we expect it.
No sooner do we finish packing than we will leave.
(if a comma is used between packing and than, award a half mark)
7
B
The Headteacher, as well as all the prefects, is attending a
meeting.
(if the second comma is missing, award a half mark)
8
B
The use of “are” in place of “is” is wrong.
Running several medical tests on the patient, the doctor saw
cancer cells in the specimen.
(if a comma is missing, award a half mark.)
Do not accept:
Running several medical tests on the patient, cancer cells were seen in
the specimen.
9
10
B
B
Sichikali prefers planting beans to harvesting rice.
So fluently did Mr Mwansa speak that all the participants
understood his presentation.
QUESTION 2: COMPREHENSION (20 MARKS)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
B
D
A
D
C
C
D
C
I got an award in the category of the best performing student in
Special Education.
(i)
consistently
(ii) thorough
(iii) vividly
(iv) distinguished
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QUESTION 3: SUMMARY [20 MARKS]
Women are more likely to suffer from eye diseases because
1
their day-to-day activities subject them to greater risk.
2
and prevent them from seeking care
3
when they need it.
4
In some societies, women rely on their male relatives
5
to pay for their optical care
6
and this can cause delay in accessing treatment.
7
Older women, mostly, have low levels of literacy
8
which means it may take them longer to realise they have a
problem with their vision.
9
most women in rural areas have limited financial decision-making
authority
10
in their homes.
11
This precludes them from going to hospitals
12
to seek attention.
13
Some women resort to traditional medicine
14
and religious healing
15
before seeking profession medical help,
16
thus delaying care
17
and worsening their condition.
18
Women usually shun health centres a m£
19
after diagnosis
20
but instead wait for an eye specialist to visit their area.
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