The structure of the Virtual Museum Concepts and definitions 1 Concepts and definitions Before entering the technical detail of the Virtual Museum, it is advisable to remember: - What is a Virtual Museum. - Which is the structure . 2 Concepts and definitions VM concept VM means a collection of digital resources within the artistic-cultural field accessible through computerized tools. The VM is traditionally considered to be one of the forms through which one tries to promote and introduce innovations into interest for the works placed in the real museum. 3 Concepts and definitions Virtual Museum definition Organized collection of digital resources within an artistic cultural field accessible through: • computerized tools; • services as a whole which allow: - preservation; access; research; organization. Maintenance of the collection. 4 Concepts and definitions Obviously the Virtual Museum can not be considered an alternative to the real museum but it becomes a precious tool to be partnered with traditional institutions by performing their educational and expository duties. 5 Concepts and definitions By considering the contents, a VM can be made up of the digitization of paintings, drawings, images, photos of objects and/or works, videos, archeological sites and 3D reconstruction of architectonical environments. The VM is made up of both principal cultural heritage and also secondary representations of cultural heritage and principal finds. 6 Concepts and definitions 3D models: • they increase the accessibility of works as they enable the exhibition of works that are not usually exhibited; • they facilitate the collocation of every work in its historical, cultural and environmental context; • they promote the real museum and increase the number of its potential visitors; • They create a faithful record of digital copies. 7 Concepts and definitions This definition will regard both the informative systems accessible at a local level and resources organized to be accessible through the Internet. In this last case we talk of the Web Museum or virtual museum. 8 Concepts and definitions 3 typology of Web Museum: • digital presentation of the real museum; • virtual visit of a real museum (3D and use of panoramic 360 pictures); • websites cleared from museum institutions that offer closer thematic examination and the sharing of professional knowledge. 9 Concepts and definitions Some common characteristics from the content’s point of view 1- practical information regarding access, collocation, timetables and in loco services, often put together with booking or distance purchasing services of access tickets; 2- information regarding the same museum, both from a historiography point of view and from the institutional one , and from the logistic and spatial (often equipped with maps and photos); 3 – information regarding permanent collections, generally set up from works and finds ’thematic catalogues or from logistic catalogues linked with the maps in the museum (generally catalogue descriptions, comments and explanations for every work are given); 4 – information regarding non-permanent exhibitions, usually having the same characteristics of those regarding collections, to which notes concerning the aims and the theoretical basis of the exhibition are added, which can trace or summarize the contents of the printed catalogues; 5 – educational tools specifically thought for popular and educational aims, which help to understand a work or a find, or to carry out a closer examination (it is a question of resources often used in the museums within the technical scientific field, but much more rare in artistic fields); 6 – sections regarding merchandising activities, sometimes developed to the point of having electronic systems of commerce. 10 Concepts and definitions From a technical point of view, directly connected to the typologies of the browsing interface, the majority of museum systems are based on standard web technologies, with sized images. The surfing metaphors of the website, based on sensitive maps are wide spread; they are used to represent the typology of the real museum. Examples of more complex sites are not lacking, which use cataloguing systems of the collections, based on databases and which experiment with virtual reality solutions with VRML or photographic 3D visualization as QuickTime VR. But then, the virtual museum must be imagined as a tool partnering the traditional museum institution by performing their educational and expositive duties, as well as a tool of promotion of the same museum. 11 Concepts and definitions The interactive and hypermedia nature of the Web is suitable for giving all users all context information which facilitate the historical comprehension of a find or a work. At this level even a technology of virtual reconstruction, considered by experts to be of low level as the one enabled by VRML, can be useful to give an idea of the real environment, for example, where an archeological find was ( the kind of information which is lost in most of the museum exhibition where finds are usually placed inside display cabinets or glass cases). 12 Concepts and definitions Briefly let’s list some new typologies and further methodologies to support the transmission from the traditional Museum, to the virtual museum: • • • • • • • • video feeds; databases and online archives; multimedia and interactive guides; CD-ROMs; DVD-ROMs; multimedia terminals and work stations; audio and video guides; virtual museums. 13 Concepts and definitions Virtual Museum – Added value • It stimulates and deepens knowledge of the work. • It enables the creation of multimedia collections. • It contextualizes the works. • It gives the opportunity to work outside the referring territories. • It enables a better safeguard of originals. • It gives the opportunity of researching and analyzing. • It enables the evaluation of works and/or finds otherwise inaccessible. 14 Concepts and definitions To create the VM the three main steps are: • creating a suitable web interface; • inserting meta-data; • database settlement. 15 Concepts and definitions Why then creating a virtual site This is a question that many people could ask, especially in all the fields where the modernity of the tool is far from the antiquity of the content. The more immediate explanations can be found below: 1. To Propose a new way to read the contents: themes discussed before through traditional ways are taken brought into new technologies; 2. To reach new public: a website can reach new categories of people, who are physically far from the museum or out from the usual target of the museum’s initiatives; 3. To help or to consolidate the visit: the website is meant as a tool to set the visit at the museum itself, as it allows a better understanding of the importance of the exhibited objects and to plan a route according to one’s own desires; 4. To experiment the Virtual Museum: by experiencing the “virtual exhibitions” it is possible to investigate the charming problem of the relation among the Museum, visitors, exhibited objects and their representation. The experiments with the virtual museum will teach something about the core nature of the real museum; 5. To entertain: personal pleasure is something that should not be forgotten when deciding to set up a new activity. The Web is fun: it allows us to use our imagination , to experiment many different things and to develop a deep relation with one’s own public. 16 The structure of the Virtual Museum Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis 17 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis Why use the “SWOT methodology”? 18 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis SWOT methodology of museum websites SWOT analysis is a model used to obtain a particular result (in this case the European Virtual Museum), so SWOT is fundamental when trying to make a decision. 19 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis The simple tool of SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) has been chosen as a main road for a pilot project (F-MUSEUM - Form Multimedia System for a European Museum LLPLDV/TOI/07/IT/016). These tools offer a portrait of internal and external structures, of rules and relations, and invites us to take decisions aimed at reaching a strategic target by using a managerial, systematic framework. 20 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis The list of strengths and weaknesses paint the portrait of the existing situation, while opportunities and threats help understand what the museum could turn into in the future ( for example a prototype of virtual museum). From a detailed analysis of the virtual museums in the Web, data has come out, which makes us understand how a website of a virtual museum should be created. the SWOT analysis is made up of these criteria: • • • • Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats 21 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis What are the results of SWOT analysis? The SWOT analysis on some museum’s websites have turned up a range of reflections which justify the main reason to create the F- Museum project, which has as main goal of highlighting, especially from a technological point of view, the museums in question and their archeological finds. 22 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis The results generated by the SWOT analysis point out the “weaknesses” in all the analyzed websites, that is: • Web structure roughly functional; • no specific expertise in creating a particular pedagogical museum; • insufficient computer functionalities (ITC); • opportunity to surf the Website in just a few languages; • the absence of skilled staff in running pedagogical themes and in the virtual diffusion. 23 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis • Visibility on the website of a small part of the collections of finds in the museum. • No experience in Virtual merchandising. • Insufficient knowledge of the management of a Virtual Museum. • Tool shortage, as professional photographic laboratories. • 3D image shortage. • Absence of a connection among the inserted objects. 24 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis Let’s go into detail, what are the “Strengths”? • Strong experience in the research area. • Several experiences in projects related to digitalizing museum items and in creating the Museum web site. • Collection partially digitalized. • Several multimedia products available (CD, DVD). • High number of visitors. • Strong experience in the organization of exhibitions and cultural events. • Huge and important collection. 25 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis Besides “filling up” partial or total ICT gaps that emerged thanks to the SWOT analysis, it will be necessary to give a wide visibility to objects and related museums. An identity card of the finds in the museum, aimed at illustrating these same finds, which will have to be fulfilled by partner museums. There will be a reserved area where every partner museum will be able to insert new contributions and to give new updates on information regarding one’s own museum and the finds in it. Every museum will have the opportunity to autonomously create a web space within the project website F-MUSEUM, where it will be able to upload both objects and information regarding the same museum. 26 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis Let’s go into detail, what are the “Weaknesses”? • Web presence externally controlled. • No specific staff specialized in preparing specific pedagogic museum. • Little internal ITC competences. • No staff with specific skills in elaborating and communicating educational contents. • A lot of Web sites available only in national language. • No practical experience in the Virtual merchandising. • Lack of tools as a professional photographic laboratory. 27 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis Let’s go into detail, what are the “Opportunities”? • Good experience in cataloguing, copying and archiving which could easily be migrated to the virtual museum market. • Much experience in archiving and cataloguing material which can help in migrating to a Virtual Museum. • Some design and development competences which can help in migrating to a Virtual Museum. 28 Virtual Museum construction: SWOT analysis Let’s go into detail, what are the “Threats”? • • • • • Technical competences of human resources to be improved. Not prepared for running and managing a Virtual Museum. Human resources with any ITC competences. No relevant experience in joint projects. Staff needing to be trained in ICTs. 29 Rome, 28 September 2015 THE VIRTUAL MUSEUM DEFINITIONS AND ANALYSIS Trust s.r.l. - Maurizio Semplice Definitions In general, a Virtual Museum is: • a website focused on a Museum • a cultural website, not necessarily linked to a real Museum • a virtual tour of a real Museum (3D and 360° displays) The aims of our project The main goal of our project is to analyse and exceed the past definitions of the VM and to work out both a theoretical and practical synthesis, so as to realise a network of thematic museums on line, where each museum can contribute at the implementation of a specific cultural theme, following the principles of the “social group network”, within which each subject nourishes the knowledge demand and direct the user towards different and new thematic researches to which other content providers can answer. The aims of our project • to work out a synthesis of the most common definitions of VM • to harmonize the existing definitions and experiences with a new project • to realise a VM as “an on line network of thematic museums” Developments 1/3 The VM is essentially a narrative model since It is not exclusively focused (and it might not be) on the preservation of works as the traditional model is (permanent museum). Developments 2/3 Further potentialities: • to aggregate – ideally – similar and/or related works and objects that are geographically located in different places (also very far from each others); • to re-create places that have been destroyed, are scattered or have never been realised. Developments 3/3 ….it all means that It is possible to show works, following criteria different from the ones usually adopted by the permanent Museums. Added value of the VM • To create countless matchings and links “per theme”; • To create and suggest different paths for close examinations (analysis/studies) Synthesis • The VM is a network system. • It is a path supporting the individual knowledge, which benefits of the potentialities offered by a network system. • Who enters a VM proceeds following the rules of that mental process working through the association of ideas. F-MUSEUM Portal - Notes Following are some information concerning the architecture of the project Website and Portal F-MUSEUM Portal - Notes http://www.europeanvirtualmuseum.net Home Page 1/2 Home Page 2/2 On the left side of the Home page is available a Menu articulated in 10 different sections: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Project Products Partner News Contact E-courses Credit Press room Newsletter/Brochure Virtual Museum AIMS OF F-MUSEUM PORTAL VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO Our VM is a thematic collection of works of art coming from different Museums located in 7 European countries (RO, BG, IT, GR, AU, D, HU). In fact, the portal includes both the artefacts collected in the previous project and the ones related to the new partnership. For this reason our VM is also a network in itself. VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO The thematic collection and the Network are based on a Content Management System which organises the information that each partner uploads directly in the system. The Virtual Museum could not exist without this System so, in a way, we can say that it is the main output of the project, since it represents the “meeting point” among training experience, networking, communication and technology. VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO The System created offers the chance to users to visit the VM choosing among the following different paths (research criteria): • • • • • chronology geographic zone objects museums routes VM - Output of the search In particular: • Artefacts name • Typology • Chronology • Museum of origin • Period • Description • Object Preview (with zoom function) For each piece of work is possible to read further detailed information on the object WHERE IS IT AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS (e.g. material, method of manufacture, decoration type, etc.) STATE (preservation, restauration, completeness) DIMENSIONS (lenght, hight, diameter, thickness, weight, widht) PERIOD OF USE (e.g. epoque, culture, phase, etc.) DISCOVERY (e.g. country, district, etc.) DEEPENINGS (e.g. morphology of the object, decoration, analogies, interpretation, bibliography, etc. Output: Object Identity Card All the information above mentioned constitute the object “Identity Card” and can be read by users in the 3 partnership national languages (RO, BG, IT) plus the related English version. Routes Among the thematic paths (research criteria) available, we have created a specific one called “routes”. These routes are a sort of Hypertext implying stories linked to the works of art, articulated in the following different themes: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Routes The river Trade, exchange The religious places Cultic objects, tools furniture, places Thermal baths, spring waters, scared waters, hilling waters, votive water offerings The hidden roots Fashions (cloths, jewelry. arts) Wine/tourism Start of agriculture/ancient tools, ethnographic, diet First houses models Metallurgy Ritual connected to the burn of old year, field burning How will build up a exhibition Signs/symbols VM RESERVED AREA The VM “back office” is represented by the reserved area accessible only by a username and password . It is the real working area through which all information and data are uploaded and organised so as to allow users to visualize them in the VM portal. Problems – Notes for partners Problems related to the Identity Card data entry (Virtual Museum) 1/2 OBJECT PROBLEMS SUGGESTIONS Timing for the works upload To enter data referred to each voice of the Identity Card, you have 10 minutes maximum of stand by (you are on line but you are not working). After this time the system will quit and you will have to start again. Do not enter data on line. Work on a separate word file and use the function “copy and paste “ to enter data. Remind to use the function “save” each time you have entered a datum in each voice of the Identity Card. File extension Photos that have been uploaded by It is necessary that the file you the Manciano Museum are not upload has the extension (e.g. visible. image 01.JPG). F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal 60 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal The F-Museum portal (LLP-LDV/TOI/07/IT/016 - FORM-Multimedia system for a European museum) is a space where users have the chance to learn how to create a virtual museum and to explore its different dissemination and scientific communication opportunities. 61 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal At the same time, it represents a “meeting and exchange point” available for a community (partner and beneficiary museums) involved in the valorization of its own cultural heritage towards different targets (scientific and not scientific ones), using a new modality (digital) aimed at fostering the transfer of knowledge and, most of all, the valorization of cultural heritage through a channel having wide communication and sharing potentialities. 62 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Furthermore, the portal answers to some subordinate but strategic goals, as the valorisation of activities aimed at divulging the digital culture, that is, to focus and clarify all potentialities of the information keys underlined in the project mission and main goals. In particular: •to promote the computer literacy and the “digital inclusion”; •to disseminate this culture within a museum context; •to develop new didactic contents and new teaching methods, using the digital technologies; •to promote innovation within museums context; •to foster the use of technologies among the cultural operators and public, so as to make room for all activities directly linked to the project and to the partnership involved, creating a sort of virtual community for information and learning (thematic Think Tank for computer literacy and digital inclusion). 63 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal By synthesis, the project for the creation of the F-Museum portal includes: •Guidelines on the use of the Virtual Museum •How to create a Virtual Museum •Training to know the principles and the object to be created (the Museum) •Creation of a Community to exchange experiences and working papers •Valorization of the digital information platform •Promotion of online working groups and exchange of information, data and ideas among the museum partners, through reserved areas. 64 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal The website we have implemented, represents an answer to ICT gaps (in terms of competences, knowledge and abilities) shown by the SWOT Analysis we have applied to Museum websites that are project partner or project beneficiaries. First, the goal to be achieved is the one of providing all partners with an opportunity to experiment and adopt innovative training practices, technologically advanced. Furthermore, it will be necessary to give wide visibility to all archaeological finds available in each Museum, by an Identity Card, aimed at illustrating them, that will have to be filled in by the museums that are project partner. This will be made possible through a reserved area, where each museum could upload new contributions and update the information concerning itself and the finds available. Acting on the double dimension of the training intervention (the courseware planned) and of the service (realisation of images, captions, guided surfing routes and content related to the collections), the Model and the related outputs appear to be coherent with a transfer of innovation process. 65 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Definitions In general, a Virtual Museum is: •a website focused on a Museum •a cultural website, not necessarily linked to a real Museum •a virtual tour of a real Museum (3D and 360°displays) 66 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal The aims of our project The main goal of our project is to analyse and exceed past definitions of the VM and to work out both a theoretical and practical synthesis, so as to realise a network of thematic museums on line, where each museum can contribute to the implementation of a specific cultural theme, following the principles of a “social group network”, within which each subject nourishes the knowledge demand and directs the user towards different and new thematic researches to which other content providers can answer. 67 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal to work out a synthesis of the most common definitions of VM to harmonize the existing definitions and experiences with a new project to create a VM as “an on-line network of thematic museums” 68 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Developments 1/3 The VM is essentially a narrative model since It is not exclusively focused (and it might not be) on the preservation of works as the traditional model is (permanent museum). 69 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Developments 2/3 Further potentialities: to aggregate – ideally – similar and/or related works and objects that are geographically located in different places (also very far from each other); to re-create places that have been destroyed, are scattered or have never been realized. 70 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Developments 3/3 ….it all means that It is possible to show works, following criteria different from the ones usually adopted by the permanent Museums. 71 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Added value of the VM •To create countless matching’s and links “per theme”; •To create and suggest different paths for close examinations (analysis/studies) 72 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Synthesis •The VM is a network system. •It is a path supporting the individual knowledge, which benefits from the potentialities offered by a network system. •Who enters a VM proceeds following the rules of that mental process working through the association of ideas. 73 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal F-MUSEUM Portal – Notes The following is some information concerning the architecture of the project Website and Portal 74 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal F-MUSEUM Portal - Notes Our website is available at this address: http://www.europeanvirtualmuseum.net 75 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Home Page 1/2 76 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Home Page 2/2 On the left hand side of the Home page is a Menu articulated in 10 different sections: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Project Products Partner News Contact E-courses Credit Press room Newsletter/Brochure Virtual Museum 77 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal AIMS OF F-MUSEUM PORTAL From the project website homepage select “Virtual Museum” 78 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO Our VM is a thematic collection of works of art coming from different Museums located in 7 European countries (RO, BG, IT, GR, AU, D, HU). In fact, the portal includes both the artefacts collected in the previous project and the ones related to the new partnership. For this reason our VM is a network itself. 79 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO The thematic collection and the Network are based on a Content Management System which organises the information that each partner uploads directly in the system. The Virtual Museum could not exist without this System so, in a way, we can say that it is the main output of the project, since it represents the “meeting point” among training experience, networking, communication and technology. 80 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO The System created offers the chance to users to visit the VM choosing among the following different paths (research criteria): • • • • • • chronology geographic zone (Area) objects museums routes itineraries 81 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO Chronology: We can visualize among the following different paths: 40.000 - 20.000 bc 20.000 - 10.000 bc 10.000 - 7.000 bc 7.000 - 3.500 bc 3.500 - 2.000 bc 2.000 - 0 bc 82 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO Geographic zone (Area): We can search objects among the following nations: • • • • • • Germany Italy Greece Austria Bulgaria Romania 83 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal VIRTUAL MUSEUM – GENERAL INFO Objects: We can search objects among the following categories: • Human figurine • Animal figurine • Vessel/anaphora • Amulet • Tool • Weapon • Jwellery • Other 84 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Museum: We can search objects among: • Partner F-Museum • Beneficiary F-Museum • Museum from Museum Project 85 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Routes: We can search objects among: • Routes of F-Museum • Routes of Museum 86 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal The Routes are structured in: - Description - Images that regard the item (we have also the possibility to enlarge the images) In the left menu we have: - Deepening - The list of the object linked at this route 87 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Itineraries: We can visualize some information that regards Touristic-cultural Itineraries 88 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal VM - Output of the search 89 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal In particular: • Artefact’s name • Typology • Chronology • Museum of origin • Period • Description • Object Preview (with zoom function) For each piece of work is possible to read further detailed information on the object (click on “see more”) 90 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Output: Object Identity Card WHERE IT IS AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS (e.g. material, method of manufacture, decoration type, etc.) STATE (preservation, restauration, completeness) DIMENSIONS (length, height, diameter, thickness, weight, width) PERIOD OF USE (e.g. epoque, culture, phase, etc.) DISCOVERY (e.g. country, district, etc.) DEEPENINGS (e.g. morphology of the object, decoration, analogies, interpretation, bibliography, etc. 91 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal All the information mentioned above constitutes the object’s “Identity Card” and can be read by users in the 3 partnership national languages (RO, BG, IT) plus the related English version. Then we have the possibility to visualize the object in 3D. Download the QuickTime free plug in if you cannot visualize the object. There are some functions: •Click and drag to rotate (or buttons “CTRL” and “ALT” on the keyboard) •Click on button “+” (or button “SHIFT” on the keyboard) to enlarge •Click on button “-” (or button “CTRL” on the keyboard) to reduce the image 92 Unit 2 – F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Routes Among the thematic paths (research criteria) available, we have created a specific one called “routes”. These routes are a sort of Hypertext implying stories linked to the works of art, articulated in the following different themes: 93 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Routes • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • The river Trade, exchange The religious places Cultic objects, tools furniture, places Thermal baths, spring waters, scared waters, hilling waters, votive water offerings The hidden roots Fashion (cloths, jewelry. arts) Wine/tourism Start of agriculture/ancient tools, ethnographic, diet First house models Metallurgy Ritual connected to the burning of the old year, field burning How a exhibition will build up Signs/symbols Music Sports and role games in prehistoric times In addition by consulting some Routes it is possible to look at further thematic deepening's (“Deepening's”) 94 F-MUSEUM: structure and referring typology of the portal Routes 95