ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS 1 EQUATIONS, EFFECTIVE 2015
CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
Proton mass, m p = 1.67 ¥ 10 -27 kg
Electron charge magnitude,
Neutron mass, mn = 1.67 ¥ 10 -27 kg
Coulomb’s law constant,
UNIT
SYMBOLS
Factor
1012
c = 3.00 ¥ 108 m s
meter,
kilogram,
second,
ampere,
PREFIXES
Prefix
Symbol
tera
T
m
kg
s
A
k = 1 4 pe0 = 9.0 ¥ 10 9 N i m 2 C2
Universal gravitational
-11
m 3 kgis2
constant, G = 6.67 ¥ 10
Acceleration due to gravity
2
at Earth’s surface, g = 9.8 m s
Electron mass, me = 9.11 ¥ 10 -31 kg
Speed of light,
e = 1.60 ¥ 10 -19 C
kelvin,
hertz,
newton,
joule,
K
Hz
N
J
W
C
V
W
watt,
coulomb,
volt,
ohm,
∞C
degree Celsius,
VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES
q
0
30
37
45
53
60
sinq
0
12
35
2 2
45
3 2
1
90
10 9
giga
G
10 6
mega
M
cos q
1
3 2
45
2 2
35
12
0
10 3
kilo
k
tanq
0
33
34
1
43
3
•
10 -2
centi
c
10 -3
milli
m
10 -6
micro
m
-9
nano
n
10 -12
pico
p
10
The following conventions are used in this exam.
I. The frame of reference of any problem is assumed to be inertial unless
otherwise stated.
II. Assume air resistance is negligible unless otherwise stated.
III. In all situations, positive work is defined as work done on a system.
IV. The direction of current is conventional current: the direction in which
positive charge would drift.
V. Assume all batteries and meters are ideal unless otherwise stated.
ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS 1 EQUATIONS, EFFECTIVE 2015
MECHANICS
Ãx = Ãx 0 + a x t
x = x 0 + Ãx 0 t +
1 2
a t
2 x
Ãx2 = Ãx20 + 2 a x ( x - x0 )


Fnet
 ÂF
a=
=
m
m


Ff £ m Fn
Ã2
r


p = mv


Dp = F Dt
ac =
K =
1 2
mv
2
DE = W = Fd = Fd cos q
P=
DE
Dt
q = q0 + w0 t +
1 2
at
2
w = w0 + at
x = A cos (2 p ft )


t
 Ât
a =
= net
I
I
t = r^ F = rF sin q
L = Iw
DL = t Dt
1 2
Iw
2


Fs = k x
K =
Us =
1 2
kx
2
m
r=
V
ELECTRICITY
a
A
d
E
f
F
I
K
k
L

m
P
p
r
T
t
U
V
v
W
x
y
a
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
acceleration
amplitude
distance
energy
frequency
force
rotational inertia
kinetic energy
spring constant
angular momentum
length
mass
power
momentum
radius or separation
period
time
potential energy
volume
speed
work done on a system
position
height
angular acceleration
m
q
r
t
w
=
=
=
=
=
coefficient of friction
angle
density
torque
angular speed
DUg = mg Dy
T =
2p
1
=
w
f
m
Ts = 2 p
k

Tp = 2 p
g

mm
Fg = G 1 2 2
r

 Fg
g=
m
UG = -
Gm1m2
r

qq
FE = k 1 2 2
r
I =
Dq
Dt
R=
r
A
I =
DV
R
A
F
I

P
q
R
r
t
V
r
P = I DV
Rs =
 Ri
1
=
Rp
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
area
force
current
length
power
charge
resistance
separation
time
electric potential
resistivity
i
 Ri
1
i
WAVES
l=
f = frequency
v = speed
l = wavelength
v
f
GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY
Rectangle
A = bh
Triangle
1
A = bh
2
Circle
A = pr 2
C = 2 pr
Rectangular solid
V = wh
Cylinder
V = pr 2
S = 2 pr  + 2 pr 2
Sphere
V =
A=
C=
V=
S =
b =
h =
=
w=
r =
area
circumference
volume
surface area
base
height
length
width
radius
Right triangle
c2 = a2 + b2
a
sin q =
c
b
cos q =
c
a
tan q =
b
4 3
pr
3
S = 4pr
2
c
a
90
q
b