USING CONJUNCTIONS
OBJECTIVES:
1.
Students should understand that...
a.
Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses making them equal. The
coordinating conjunctions are
b.
for,
and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
Subordinating conjunctions connect
two
clauses emphasizing
one and deemphasizing the
other.
c.
Conjunctive adverbs relate
two independent
clauses
by showing cause and
effect,
sequence, comparison, or contrast.
d. A conjunctive adverb can be used as a transition—at the beginning of a sentence
followed by a comma—or as an interruption
with commas before and after it.
e.
you
use a conjunctive adverb
first
commas
2.
the middle of an independent clause—
between two independent clauses, put a semi-colon after
independent clause and a comma after the conjunctive adverb.
Coordinating and subordinating conjunctions should NOT be used as transitions with
If
the
f.
in
afterward.
Students should be able to...
a.
b.
Identify different types of conjunctions.
Use the most
logical
and
effective conjunction or conjunctive
adverb to accomplish a
desired effect.
c.
d.
Use commas correctly with conjunctions and conjunctive adverbs.
Identify, correct, and avoid common errors with conjunctions and conjunctive adverbs.
LITERATURE:
This unit contains example selections from the novel The
Outsiders by S.E. Hilton.
ONE
cotJJUljcuows
Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses making
them equal. There are seven of them: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
(FANBOYS).
Identify the coordinating conjunction in each
*
example sentence:
For
must ask you to leave, for you have offended me.
1.
I
2.
Someone
3.
I
don't
stole
my wallet
my
and
know what happened
And
iPod!
last night,
nor do
I
Nor
care.
But
4. Pickles are tasty but very sour.
5.
You had better give back my cell phone, or will borrow someone
else's phone and call the cops.
Or, And
6.
Her vampire boyfriend loves
7.
I
I
was out of
hair gel, so
I
just
he also wants to
her, yet
used
my
little sister's
Identify the coordinating conjunctions in this passage
8.
glue
kill
her.
stick.
from The Outsiders by
S.E.
Weird.
So
Hilton:
There was another column about just Darry and Soda and me: how
Darry worked on two jobs at once and made good at both of them,
and about his outstanding record at school; it mentioned Sodapop
dropping out of school so we could stay together, and that made the
honor roll at school all the time and might be a famous track star.
I
Wordplay — Just for
fun!
DESCRAMBLER:
COTA
Try to sort out the
PASKE
GGILGY
five
scrambled words below:
FNKDELU
USEQONIT
Yet
DRY
TWO
Subordinating conjunctions connect two
deemphasizing the other.
Identify the subordinating conjunction in each
*
1.
Whenever watch
2.
You have to pay
3.
My friends
4.
Although she broke her leg
I
5. I'm
6.
As
I
a scary movie,
extra
if
USRNG
clauses emphasizing
example sentence:
I
Whenever
always have nightmares afterwards.
you want unlimited
are exhausted because they
last
I
went to
I
couldn't
tell
a late
I
eat
heard a terrifying scream from
her that Soda had bawled
last
night.
Because
movie
on the team
Unless
something soon.
Identify the subordinating conjunctions in these passages
7.
If
texting.
year, she's back
going to starve to death unless
was opening the door,
one and
thisAlthough
season.
inside.
from The Outsiders by
all
As
S.E.
night long after they
Hilton:
came
and got Mickey Mouse. had cried, too, if you want to know the truth,
because Soda never really wanted anything except a horse, and he'd
I
lost his.
8.
You know how it is, when you wake up in a strange place and you
wonder where in the world you are, until memory comes rushing over
you like a wave.
Wordplay — Just for
fun!
EIGHT BALL:
letters
below
Create as
(at least
one
N R SAC PAE
* Escape
Cafe
Sap
Ran
Race
many words
eight-letter
as
you can
word
is
using three or
possible):
more of the
CONJUNCÜONS
Conjunctive adverbs
relate
two independent
clauses
by showing cause and
sequence, comparison, or contrast.
effect,
Identify the four conjunctive adverbs in the following paragraph:
1.
Katherine hated horror movies; however, she wanted to be an actress,
and the only acting job she could get was the role of a screaming
a gory slasher flick. She took the job. Nevertheless, she continued
looking for better
huge
hit.
rolls. In
the end, the slasher
Consequently, Katherine had
all
flick
girl in
turned out to be a
the acting
work
she wanted.
A
conjunctive adverb can be used as a transition—at the beginning of a
sentence followed by a comma—or as an interruption in the middle of an
independent clause—with commas before and after it.
*
Add any
2.
necessary
My
commas
parents
3. Instead
,
I
to the following sentences:
however, wouldn't
think
we
let
me go
to the dance.
should go to the park and play soccer.
don't have any money; furthermore, don't really want that phone.
4.
I
5.
Therefore one should never run with
I
,
scissors.
Wordplay — Just for fun!
FOUR-LETTER WORDS: Take the four-letter word below and change one letter
to make a new four-letter word (keep it clean!) Then take that word and change
one letter to make a new word. Then take that word and... You get the picture.
RULE
*Lure
GRf?RRfR
COWcCuOwS
FOUR
Read the following excerpt from The Outsiders by
S.E. Hilton,
Then answer the four
questions below:
Dally cussed under his breath and nearly tore out the transmission
(a)
of the T-bird as
Dally.
1.
roared out of the Dairy Queen.
He meant
(c)
But he and the
(d)
*
we
it
rest
when
knew Johnny
of the gang
Find a coordinating conjunction
in
sentence
(a).
Find a subordinating conjunction in sentence
(c).
4. Find a coordinating conjunction in sentence (d).
Using the proper proofreading marks, correct the
* A panic was
I
he said he didn't care about
2. Find a subordinating conjunction in sentence (a).
3.
(b)
six errors in this
felt
sorry for
his parents.
cared.
And
As
When
Knew, And
excerpt:
' quiet voice go on and on.
me. As listened to Johnnys
* "Johnny!" AND
" "What are we gonna" do? They put you in they
nearly screamed.
rising in
I
•
electric chair for killing
Wordplay — Just for
I
?
people,"
I
was
shaking.
fun!
FIXER-ROOTER: How many words
suffix,
or root as the multisyllabic
UNWITTINGLY
can you think of that have the same prefix,
word below?
UN / WIT /
(without knowledge or not by design)
/ LY
USÄNG CUJUIJCÜONS
A conjunctive adverb
can be used as a transition at the beginning of a
sentence followed by a
conjunctions should
comma. Coordinating and
NOT
Decide
*
if
subordinating
be used as transitions with commas afterward.
the following sentences are correct or not (answer
down
and was
1.
But, Jack
2.
However, you might want to
3.
Meanwhile, the car was slowly
fell
the
4. Because, that species
hill
of animal
filling
is
Wrong
Wrong
parents first.
seriously injured.
you
ask
CORRECT or WRONG):
Correct
up with muddy water.
almost extinct.
In the following examples, choose the conjunction or conjunctive
most sense
5.
I
Wrong
adverb that makes the
in context:
usually don't like sports cars; (furthermore / therefore / however), the
new Ford
Shelby
GT 500
is
pretty
6.
That super-hero movie looks
see it this weekend.
7.
(Even though / Because / Before)
getting an F on the test.
Wordplay — Just for
really
I
good, (so / but / or)
didn't
we
do my homework,
should go
I
ended up
fun!
RHYME THYME:
up with for
awesome.
Time to think
the following word?
DESIGN
like a
rapper.
How many
rhymes can you come
Usma CONJUNCTÄOWS
snx
Avoid using two conjunctions that have the same meaning or function.
How would you correct the following sentences?
prom with me.
1.
Because she was cool, so
2.
While the band was playing, meanwhile he was too busy texting to
asked her to go to
I
listen.
4.
Even though
if
it's
and
also
I
should study for the quiz.
cold, nevertheless
I
still
finish this essay,
I
Decide
*
need to
3.
want to go
the following sentences are correct or not (answer
5. Because, that
song
is
skiing.
CORRECT or WRONG):
Wrong
getting really old.
6.
The storm made the waves too choppy to surf; furthermore,
surfboard was still broken.
Correct
7.
But
8.
I
my
love
Wrong
laptop has a virus, however.
this
book
therefore the movie
my
is
going to be awesome!
Wrong
Wordplay — Just for fun!
ANAGRAM:
create
Rearrange the
new words
BEST
letters in
that actually
DRUDGERY STAGS
(Hint: four score)
make
the nonsense phrase below to
sense.
SEVEN
If
!
you use
a conjunctive
USRNG CONJUNCÜONS
adverb between two independent
independent clause and a
comma
semi-colon after the
first
conjunctive adverb.
adverb interrupts
put commas before and after it.
independent
Add
clause,
If
the conjunctive
clauses, put a
after the
a single
the necessary punctuation to the following sentences:
*
1.
The book however was much
,
,
*
2.
My car needs a new transmission :furthermore the
better than the movie.
brake pads need to
be replaced.
*
3.
*
4. This
*
*
*
*
, we should
Afterwards
is
an awesome
all
go out
!
,
class in fact
,
for ice cream.
think
I
it's
my favorite
5.
Dinosaurs for example lived millions of years ago.
6.
You wash
7.
The shooting therefore was completely justified.
8. Instead
,
,
the dishes meanwhile
,
I
say
Wordplay — Just for
;
I
will
sit
class ever!
and watch TV.
:
we go camping this weekend.X!
fun!
FOUR-LETTER WORDS: Take the four-letter word below and change one letter
to make a new four-letter word (keep it clean!) Then take that word and change
one letter to make a new word. Then take that word and... You get the picture.
COAX
CONJUNCTRONS
How would you correct the following example sentences?
*
*
*
'
love The Outsiders
,
in fact
1.
I
2.
But I'm not going on that
3. Because, I've
4.
I
had
a cold
I
think
ride;
all
don't really want to read
it is
however,
X
spring,
this
the best
it
book
looks
X So,
for a grade.
I'll
do
it
ever read!
way too
and I'm getting
book, so
I've
sick
of
scary.
it.
anyway because
it's
Add a period after book
In the following examples,
most sense
5.
choose the conjunction or conjunctive adverb that makes the
in context:
important to go to every practice; (otherwise / therefore /
however), you won't be able to do your best during the game.
It's
6. I'm
not going to
bail
you
out, (and / but / nor) will
I
lie
to cover for
you.
7. (After
/
If
/ Even though)
you need to be good
8.
I
love
this
you want to make the cheerleading squad,
at gymnastics.
phone, (but / so / and)
Wordplay — Just for
it's
even on
sale right
now!
fun!
DESCRAMBLER:
MWOE
Try to
sort
YACRR
out the five scrambled words below:
ITBARB
TIWSTRE
PDOURCTS
DRY
USWG CONJUNCÜOUS
In the following
word
*
1.
S.E. Hilton,
is
the underlined
We all
had the money to get it—it only costs a quarter if you're not
car—but Dally hated to do things the legal way.
Coordinating
merely looked
2. Dally
3.
example sentences from The Outsiders by
a coordinating conjunction or a subordinating conjunction?
When
at her
and kept
his feet
where they were.
Subordinating
from Kansas came down, Dally was decent to her
swearing.
Subordinating
his
4.
He cocked one eyebrow up and the other down, which
when something puzzles him or bothers him.Coordinating
5.
Soda
6.
No wonder Johnny was
just held
him and pushed Johnny's
hurt because
Identify the conjunctive adverb in each
his
he always does
Coordinating
hair back out of his eyes.
want him.
Subordinating
parents didn't
example sentence:
Don't forget to replace the batteries once a month; otherwise, the
device will stop working
8.
It's
a
Steve's cousin
and watched
7.
in
not your
when you need
fault; therefore,
it
you shouldn't
most.
feel guilty.
9. Also, I'd like to try skydiving.
Wordplay — Just for fun!
CATALOG CREATOR: The root word "-spir-" means "breath"
"spear." How many words can you
that contain this root?
list
and sounds
like
PRRCÜCE
GRRRlAfR
USRNC CONJUNCÜOUS
WORKSfßßV
NAME:
PERIOD:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS connect words,
them
making
so (FANBOYS).
phrases, or clauses
equal. There are seven of them: for, and, nor, but, or, yet,
In the following sentences, circle the coordinating conjunction:
1.
Mom asked me to pick up hamburger buns,
2.
Some
animals have poor vision, so they
ketchup, and pickles on
make up
for
it
by using
my way
home.
their other senses
extremely
well.
3.
Your
clothes are filthy, but there's nothing
we
can do about
it
until
the washing machine
is
back
from the repair shop.
4.
I
don't
like
reading scary
stories,
5.
We have everything on the
6.
Robots are taking over the
7.
One must
8.
I
9.
forgot
list,
city,
nor do
yet
I
I
enjoy horror movies.
can't shake the feeling that we're forgetting something.
and our only hope
is
to destroy
them
all!
not eat these mushrooms, for they contain a deadly poison.
my textbook,
After a long
so
I
had to borrow one from Mrs. Franklin.
day of playing
10. Release the hostages
outside,
I
always
feel tired
but happy.
or pay the price!
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
connect two clauses emphasizing one and
deemphasizing the other.
In the following sentences, circle the coordinating conjunction:
11.
Although dancing might be fun, I'm too embarrassed to dance
*
12. You're going to be in big trouble when
have a coordinating conjunction.
13.
If
you
listen
to the coach and
in front
of people.
Subordinating conjunction, but does not
your parents get home.
work your
hardest, your
game
will
improve.
14. Pet
15.
dragons are hard to care for because they always try to eat their owners.
Mike
hasn't been back to baseball practice since he ripped his pants in front of everyone.
16. Before the play starts, I'm
going to go buy some snacks from the concession stand.
17.
My sister always cries whenever she watches that movie.
18.
As the band stepped out onto the
19.
My dog Max follows me wherever
stage, the
crowd went
wild.
go.
I
20.After school today, I'm going to play video games with
my friends.
* #15, #16, #17, #18, #19, #20 does not have coordinating conjunctions
In the following sentences, identify the underlined
CONJUNCTION (CC) or a SUBORDINA
*21.
CC
SC
CC
22.
23.
all
word as a COORDINA TING
CONJUNCTION (SC):
My new smart phone doesn't work at all,
I
hate
The
it
when you
planet has
act as
if
no oxygen
you
in its
can't hear
but
it
looks really cool.
what I'm
saying.
atmosphere, so we'll have to keep our helmets on at
times.
SC
SC
24.
25.
No
one
is
allowed to go to the bathroom unless
Even though you can't stand being around me,
I
it's
an emergency.
think you'd have a great time at
prom with me.
29.
CC
CC
SC
SC
30.
CC We could go to the party, or we could go see that new movie we've been wanting to
26.
27.
28.
see.
These plants are beautiful
I
lost
my
house key, and
While you were
I
deadly.
can't
remember where
sleeping, the doctors replaced
My sister won't eat salad
Mom and
Dad
left
the spare.
your bad kidney with a healthy one.
because she thinks anything green must be disgusting.
GRfIRRf?R
cowccvnows
REVIEW FOR TODAY'S QUIZ:
*
1.
2.
3.
*
4.
What
What
What
What
a.
b.
c.
is
That saying and, if, etc....
a coordinating conjunction?
is
A word that isn't part of the F.a.n.b.o.y.s.
a subordinating conjunction?
is
a conjunctive adverb?
A certain word(s) that's explaining what the
kind of
word
is
Adverb is
each of the following?
Coordinating Conjunction
and
whenever Conjunctive Adverb
C.A.
however
C.A.
e. yet
C.C.
f.
if
C.C.
g. so
C.C.
h. furthermore
C.A.
How would you correct the following sentences?
* DO NOT
a. However, but you don't have your permission slip.
b. The food looks delicious, nevertheless,
; am too full to
No Change
c. So, what do you want to do today?
d. therefore
5.
I
*
*
*
d.
eat.
Because , he has a criminal record, consequently ;the police were
more harsh with him
.