● Hydrometeorology: It is a
branch of meteorology and
hydrology that studies the
transfer of water and energy
between the land surface and
the lower atmosphere.
● Hazard: any source that can
cause harm or damage to
humans, property or the
environment.
Public Storm Warning
Monsoons
Color Coded Rainfall Advisory – PAG-ASA
Review
•What is the difference between typhoons
and monsoons?
•What causes the clockwise (southern
hemisphere) and counterclockwise
(northern hemisphere) spin of typhoons?
•What is the general movement or behavior
of high pressure air and low pressure air?
III. TORNADOES (Ipo-ipo)
- A tornado is a violently
rotating column of air that
extends from a
thunderstorm to the ground.
It is often portended by a
dark, greenish sky. Black
storm clouds gather.
Baseball-size hail may fall.
A funnel suddenly appears,
as though descending from
a cloud.
Supercell Tornadoes
Non-supercell Tornadoes
Assessment 2
• What is needed in the formation of supercell
tornadoes that is not needed in the formation
of non-supercell tornadoes?
• What is the behavior of high pressure air and
low pressure air which form supercell
tornadoes?
• What is the behavior of high pressure air and
low pressure air which form non-supercell
tornadoes?
• What is an updraft?
IV. FLOOD
5 Types of Floods
1. Flash floods - are fast-moving waters that sweep everything in their path.
They are caused by heavy rainfall. It usually covers a relatively small area and
occur with little to no notice. The rapid water torrents can move large objects
such as cars, rocks, and trees.
5 Types of Floods
2. Coastal floods - are caused by
strong winds or storms that move
towards a coast during high tide.
When powerful waves breach the
coast’s dune or dike, the area is
usually flooded. Coastal areas with
fewer defenses and lower elevation
are the most affected.
* Storm surge - is a rise in sea level
that occurs during intense typhoons or
hurricanes. The storms produce
strong winds that push the water into
shore, which can lead to flooding.
5 Types of Floods
3. River floods - are characterized by gradual riverbank overflows caused by
extensive rainfall over an extended period. The areas covered by river floods
depend on the size of the river and the amount of rainfall.
5 Types of Floods
4. Urban floods - occur when the drainage system in a city or town fails to
absorb the water from heavy rain. The lack of natural drainage in an urban area
can also contribute to flooding. Water flows out into the street, making driving
very dangerous. Although water levels can be just a few inches deep, urban
floods can cause significant structural damage.
5 Types of Floods
5. Pluvial floods - form in flat areas where the terrain can’t absorb the rainwater,
causing puddles and ponds to appear. Pluvial flooding is similar to urban flooding,
but it occurs mostly in rural areas. The agricultural activities and properties in
areas where pluvial floods have occurred can be seriously affected.