CHEMISTRY PROJECT REPORT
“TO STUDY DIFFUSION OF
SOLIDS IN GASES”
SUBMITTED TO: - Mohini Ma’am
SUBMITTED BY: Shevam Na#ar
ROLL NO: - 2&12&()
CLASS: - *II S-2
SCHOOL: - Modern Vidya Nike/an
Acknowledqement
First of all, I would like to express my heartfelt
gratitude and dedicate this to my teachers and thank
them for their faith in me. I would like to express this
gratitude especially towards all my chemistry teacher’s
including Meena Ma’am and Mohini Ma’am for their
guidance, support and encouragement. I would also
like to extend my thanks to Monika Ma’am for her
motivation and help in the completion of this project.
Without them this project would not have seen the light
of day.
Shevam Naqar
XII S2
AIM
CONTENTES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction
Objective
Experiment -1
Experiment -2
Experiment -3
ReSult
Biblioqraphy
INTRODUCITON
When substances are brought in contact with each
other, they intermingle with each other. This phenomenon
is known as diffusion. Diffusion takes place very rapidly in
case of gases, to a lesser extent in case of li#uids and not
at all in the case of solids. However, diffusion of solids in
li#uids does take place, albeit at a very slow
If a solid is kept in contact with excess of solvent in
which it is soluble, some portion of the solid gets
dissolved. This process is known as dissolution of a solid in
li#uid, and it takes place due to the diffusion of solid
particles into li#uid medium.
Molecules of solute are in constant random motion due
to the collision between molecules of solute and that of
the solvent. It is this physical interaction between solutesolvent particles that lead to diffusion.
DiffuSion
Hiqh Concentration
Low Concentration
OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate that rate of diffusion depends upon the
following factors:
Temperature:
As
temperature
increases,
the
kinetic
energy of the particles increases. Thus, the speed of
particles also increase, which in turn increases the rate of
diffusion.
(i)e of the particle: As the si)e of particle increases, rate
of diffusion decreases. This is because the particles
become less mobile in the solvent.
Mass of the particle: As the mass of the particle increases,
the rate of diffusion decreases* as the particle becomes
less mobile.
EXPERIMENT - 1
To Study diffuSion when copper Sulphate iS brouqht in
contact with water (liquid).
RequirementS
Copper Sulphate (CuSO4) cryStalS, 100 nL beaker
Procedure
•
Take about two qranS of copper Sylphate cryStalS in
•
100 nl beaker.
Add about 50 nl of water and allow it to Stand for few
•
ninuteS.
Note the developnent of blue colour in water.
Allow to Stand further till it iS obServed that all copper
•
Sulphate diSappearS.
Note the blue colour chanqe in water.
•
ConcluSion
When SolidS Such aS copper Sulphate are brouqht in
contact with liquidS Such aS water, interninqlinq of
SubStanceS, i.e. diffuSion takeS palce.
EXPERIMENT - 2
To study the effect of temperature on the rate of
diffusion of solids in li#uids.
RequirementS
Copper sulphate +Cu(O 4) crystals, three 011 ml beakers,
watch
glass,
wire
gauge,
burner
tripod
stand,
thermometer, stop watch.
Procedure
•
Take five gram of copper sulphate each in three
•
beakers.
5our 011 ml of distilled water slowly in one of the
•
beakers. Cover this beaker with a watch glass.
5our 011 ml of cold water in a second beaker slowly.
5lace a third beaker containing 011 ml of water on a
•
tripod stand for heating.
Observe the diffusion process which begins in all the
•
beakers. 6ecord of copper sulphate the time taken for
the dissolution of copper sulphate in all the three
cases.
EXPERIMENT - 3
To study the effect of temperature on the rate of
diffusion of solids in li#uids.
RequirementS
7raduated 011 ml measuring cylinders copper sulphate
+Cu(O4) crystals of different si)es, stop watch.
Procedure
8 Add 31 ml of water to each of the three cylinders.
8 Take five gram each of big si)e, medium si)e, small
si)e
crystals
of
copper
sulpahte,
and
add
them
separately in three cylinders.
ObServationS
(.4o.
0
;
<
Crystal si)e
Time
Taken
9ig
Medium
(mall
Duffuse
09 Minutes
0< Minutes
3 minutes
to
ConcluSion
The rate of diffusion of copper sulphate in water is in the
order as given below:
9eaker< = 9eaker ;= 9eaker 0
Thus, (maller particles undergo diffusion more
#uickly than bigger particles.
OBSERVATIONS
S.No. Tenperature of Water
1
2
3
100C
250C
700C
Tine
Taken
to
DuffuSe
18 MinuteS
15 MinuteS
7 ninuteS
ConcluSion
The rate of diffuSion of copper Sulphat in water iS in
the order aS qiven below:
Beaker3 > Beaker 2> Beaker 1
ThuS, Snaller particleS underqo diffuSion nore
quickly than biqqer particleS.
RESULT
When SolidS Such aS copper Sulphate are brouqht
in contact with liquidS Such aS water, interninqlinq
of SubStanceS, i.e. DiffuSion takeS Place.
The
rate
of
diffuSion
varieS
directly
with
tenperature.
Snall particleS underqo diffuSion nore quickly than
biqqer particleS.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CheniStry (Part I) Textbook for ClaSS XII, National
Council Educational ReSearch and Traininq
ConceptS of PhySicS 2 by H C Verna; Bharti Bhawan
(PubliSherS & DiStributorS)
WebSite :
http://www.cbSeportal.con
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