Cellulose based polymer composite for
energy applications
Group members
Syed Haider Raza (2018455)
Advisor: Dr. Ramazan A K
Amjad Ali (2018067)
Co-Advisor: Dr.Rashid
Adeel Ahmad (2018033)
Introduction
Structure
a)
polyaniline (PANI)
b)
polyacetylene (PA)
c)
polypyrrole (PPy)
Literature review
Types of
Cellulose
Sources
Extraction
process
Cellulose
Nanocrystals
Tunicin, Cotton
& Wood
Acid Hydrolysis 100 nm<l<250
nm
Cellulose
nanofibres
Sugar beets and
potato
Mechanical
process
Dimensions
Properties
References
High
crystallinity
1
5 nm<d<70 nm
Shorter length
Discrete rod
shaped particles
Low aspect ratio
L= several mm
Low
crystallinity
5 nm<d<60 nm
Lower length
2
Network
High aspect
structured nano- ratio
scaled fibres
Bacterial
nanocellulose
Gram negative
bacteria
Bacterial
synthesis
20 nm<d<100
nm
High aspect
ratio
3
Literature review
Name
Date
Polymer
ANDY RUDGE,
IAN RAISTNCK,
SHIMSHON GOITE~FIZLD and JOHN
FERR
5 April 1993
polyaniline ,
polypyrrole,
polythiophene,and other
conducting material
https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(94)80063-4
Name
Date
Xiao Huang,a Xiaoying 28th March 2011
Qi,a Freddy Boeyab and
Hua Zhang
https://doi.org/10.1039/C1CS15078B
Process
doping of anion (Toray 8micro-meter fibers,
porosity 75%) for
increasing surface area.
Literature review
• bamboo-cellulose fiber
carbonization
nanoporous carbon with large surface area
• Nanoporous carbon was prepared by the carbonization of bamboo-cellulose fiber at different
temperatures of 600 oC, 800 oC 1000 oC,
• specific surface area 2,366 m2 /g
• EDLC capacity of the activated carbon derived from bamboo-cellulose fiber was 43 F/g (23 F/cm3 )
volumetric capacitance
• Main point is to improve capacitance through carburization (nanoporous carbon with large surface
area)
• https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2014/ee/c4ee00602j
Literature review
hybrid carbon/silver nanoparticles (Ag@Cdots) instead of simple carburizing
(indium tin oxid)
S No
material
Resistance(Ω)
1
2
ITO/Cdots
ITO/AgNPs
900-1000
800-900
3
ITO/Ag@Cdots
560-620
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoso.2020.100596
Literature review
Carbon materials
source
fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal
 Environmental impact, Japan:
 Heavy
alternate-material of plastic and cheap also.
14 % of that in 1975
bamboo cellulose composite material (lithium-ion battery, or electric double-layer
capacitor (EDLC) .)
 Bio resources
 Light weight
new technology tesla vehicles
 Bio degradable . (compared to metals )
 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.03.011
Objectives
•
Renewable
•
Biodegradable
•
High conductance
•
Good Electrochemical properties
•
Larger surface area
•
Economical
Problem Analysis
Problem Statement:
Metals have high conductivity but they are heavy in weight,
they are strong enough but have corrosion related problems.
As compared to metals , polymer based composites have low
conductivity or semi-conductive , light weight and less ecofriendly (Non-Biodegradable)
Problem Solution:
• Doped Polyanaline polymer (P-type doping, Conductivity)
• Conductive Nanocellulose
Extraction Methods for Nanocellulose:
• Acid Hydrolysis
• Enzymatic hydrolysis
• Mechanical processes
Methodology for Nanocellulose composite
Mixed in
NaOH
Bamboo
fibers
NCC
powder
Acid
Hydrolysis
Bamboo
pulp
Grinding
Centrifuging
Drying
sonication
October
Literature Review
Polymerizition
Cellulose extraction
Composite formation
Properties checking tests
Microstructural analysis
Report Compilation
Conclusion and preparation of thesis.
November
December
January
February
March
April
References
1 (Klemm et al., 2011)Klemm, D., Kramer, F., Moritz, S., Lindström, T., Ankerfors, M., Gray, D., & Dorris, A.
(2011). Nanocelluloses: A new family of nature-based materials. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 50(24),
5438–5466. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201001273
2 ildirim, M., & Candan, Z. (2021). Nanocellulose in Energy Applications: Current Status and Future Prospe
3 ildirim, M., & Candan, Z. (2021). Nanocellulose in Energy Applications: Current Status and Future Prospe
4 ildirim, M., & Candan, Z. (2021). Nanocellulose in Energy Applications: Current Status and Future Prospe
5 ildirim, M., & Candan, Z. (2021). Nanocellulose in Energy Applications: Current Status and Future Prospe
6 Mihaela, D., Nicoleta, A., Ghiurea, M., Ilie, C., Radovici, C., & Doina, M. (2011). Properties of Polymer Composites
with Cellulose Microfibrils. Advances in Composite Materials - Ecodesign and Analysis, November 2014.
https://doi.org/10.5772/14682