WHAT’S YOUR STAND? NO HOMEWORK POLICY TOTAL PLASTIC BAN SAME SEX MARRIAGE CLAIMS FORMULATING CLAIMS OF FACT, VALUE AND POLICY LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1 2 3 Differentiate the types of claims; Classify statement according to its type; Formulate a statement for each type of claim. WHAT IS A CLAIM? What is a claim? • A claim is an arguable statement that defines your goal of the essay. • It is the central statement of a text where the writer tries to prove his point by providing details, explanations and other types of evidence. • Usually, a claim is a statement that is not considered and accepted by all and usually related to one side of an issue. • It is also called as a position or stand of the speaker or writer of a text. CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD CLAIM: A claim should be • Example: Women are better in English than men. argumentative and debatable. A claim should be specific and • Example: Women are better in English. focused. A claim should be interesting and engaging A claim should be logical. It should result from reasonable weighing of support provided. • Example: Women are better in English than men. • Example: Men are logical and women are emotional. TYPES OF CLAIMS TYPES OF CLAIMS CLAIMS OF FACT CLAIMS OF VALUE CLAIMS OF POLICY CLAIMS OF FACT • Claims of fact are grounded with factual evidence that is sufficient, reliable, and appropriate. These are statements about how things were in the past, how they are in the present, or how they will be in the future. Claims of fact also can be factual or historical, relational or predictive. • Inferences made are based on data, documents, scientific observations and research. 1. Teens who engage in unprotected sex will develop STDs, become pregnant, and/or contract AIDS. EXAMPLES 2. Cancer is a common disease but it is not contagious. 3. The Philippine Eagle is a critically endangered species. 4. Social distancing is important during the coronavirus pandemic. Did it happen? GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR CLAIMS OF FACT: Does it exist? Is it true? How can its truthfulness be verified? Is it a fact? CLAIMS OF VALUE • Claims of value are focused on relative judgement made based on morals, standards, and norms. • It expresses approval or disapproval about something and attempts to show that something is wrong or right . • They require standards of evaluation, presentation of advantages or moral standards used, use of example to concretized abstractions, and use of credible experts. • It is based on likes or dislikes/good or bad. Death penalty is unjust. EXAMPLES Honesty is the best policy. Monet’s art is more beautiful than Picasso’s because of its use of soft color, uplifting subject matter, and unique technique. GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR CLAIMS OF VALUE: Does it refer to good or bad? Which claims endorse good or bad? Which of these values content with others? Which ones are more important, and why? Whose standards are used? CLAIMS OF POLICY • Claims of Policy are specific statements on procedures or laws that need to be modified based on certain issues or conditions. Most of the time, claims of policy ask for plans of action to solve current problems. • These exist. claims argue that certain conditions should Uniforms should be required at all public high schools. EXAMPLES There should be criminal charges brought against people who use social media to bully others. Texting while driving should be an offense punishable by jail time. We should stop spending so much on prisons and start spending more on education. GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR CLAIMS OF POLICY: Does it ask for plan of action? Does it need to be implemented to be a law? Does it solve a certain problem or issue? LET’S PRACTICE!! CLAIM OF VALUE •Winning by cheating is worse than losing honesty. CLAIM OF FACT •The recent earthquake in the Philippines in January 2021 registered 7.0 on the Richer scale. CLAIM OF POLICY •Teacher are expected to retire on or before their th 60 birthday. CLAIM OF VALUE •The basic key towards happiness is contented with what you have. CLAIM OF POLICY •In order to insure that graduates are competitive for top jobs in their fields, the college must put additional resources into its career services office and internship programs. CLAIM OF FACT •The earth revolves around the sun for 365 days that is equivalent to 1 year. CLAIM OF VALUE •Watching television while doing your modules is a wasteful activity. CLAIM OF FACT •Vaping can lead to increase blood pressure, lung disease, and insulin resistance
