Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings – P&FD / P&ID It’s a story told through Symbology Version – 1.0, January 2019 Prepared by the Training Coordination Committee, PNWS-AWWA Acknowledgements: Author Butch Perry | KCWTD Infrastructure Coordinator Jeff Lundt | KCWTD Senior Engineer Symbology An 1877 dictionary defines the word as: "the art of expressing through symbols." Content & Goals To provide an understanding of what process flow and instrumentation drawings can tell us about how things work Outline: Workshop topics Understanding a P&ID Layout - The difference between P&ID and PFD - Symbology - Equipment - Piping that connects the equipment - Lines and instruments used to monitor and control the process Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 3 Symbols Koru Toki Hei-Matu Symbols & Story Telling Earliest forms of communication during the prehistoric period were the Hieroglyphics and cave drawings Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 5 Evolution of Symbols Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 6 The Basics • There are standards for symbols: – AutoCAD P&ID ISA – International society of automation – AutoCAD P&ID PIP – Process Industry Practices – AutoCAD P&ID ISO – International Organization for Standardization • User defined “unique” symbols • Use the symbol guide for the P&ID’s you are reading. Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 7 Where Can P&IDs Used? • Everywhere in our conveyance and treatment systems: – Operator Training – Developing SOP’s – Process Troubleshooting – Conveyance Information – Storage Information Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 8 Where Can P&IDs Used? • Everywhere in our conveyance and treatment systems: – Chemical feed systems – Hazard monitoring type and location – Sampling type and location – Security – Auxiliary services Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 9 PFD / P&ID Differences The Process Flow Diagram • Shows the flow of process and the equipment involved in the process. • Shows the relationships between the major components minus the details. • Are sometimes used for visitor information and new employee training. Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 11 A PFD should include: • Process Piping • Major equipment symbols, names and identification numbers • Control, valves and valves that affect operation of the system • Interconnection with other systems Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 12 A PFD should include: • Major bypass and recirculation lines • Sometimes system ratings and operational values as minimum, normal and maximum flow, temperature and pressure • Composition of fluids Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 13 More Basics • Process always flows from left to right • The whole process doesn’t always fit on one drawing • Drawing numbers on the left side tells where the process is coming from • Drawing number on the right side tells where the process is going to Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 14 Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 15 Header Photo caption Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 16 Process Flow Diagram Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 17 Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 18 The Process & Instrumentation Diagram • Process & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) show what is in the PFD – plus the instrumentation to monitor the process – plus how it is controlled. • A P&ID shows the relationships between the all components in the system and shows details. Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 19 How A P&ID is Set Up Local control is shown here Dwg # for the next drawing in the process Dwg # for the previous drawing in the process Remote control & monitoring is shown here Process flow diagram is shown here Photo caption Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 20 A P&ID Should Include: • Instrumentation and designations • Mechanical equipment with names & numbers • All valves & their identifications • Process piping, sizes & identification Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 21 A P&ID Should Include: • Miscellaneous – vents, drains, special fittings, sampling lines, reducers & increasers • Permanent start-up & flush lines • Flow directions Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 22 A P&ID Should Also Include: • Interconnections references • Control inputs and outputs, interlocks Interfaces for class changes Seismic category • Quality level • Annunciation inputs Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 23 A P&ID Should Also Include: • Computer control system input • Vendor and contractor interfaces • Identification of components and subsystems delivered by others • Intended physical sequence of the equipment Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 24 A P&ID Should Not Include: • Equipment rating or capacity • Manual switches and indicating lights • Primary instrument tubing and valves Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 25 A P&ID Should Not Include: • Pressure temperature and flow data • Elbows and similar standard fittings • Extensive explanatory notes Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 26 Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 27 P&IDs Work With the Process Narratives Process narrative is the text description of the process, associated instrumentation, monitoring & control: • Operating set points • Describes the equipment • Decision trees • Manual operation • Describes the process • Automatic operation Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 28 Who Uses P&IDs? YOU DO! When: • Planning a project • Troubleshooting when problems arise • Writing a job safety analysis (JSA) • Lockout before a repair or maintenance • Process hazard review • Training new employees Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 29 Graphic from KCWTD Version - 1.0, January 2019 Color can help understanding Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 30 Break Time Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 31 What The Parts Tell Us – Title Block Images from KCWTD Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Optional text here 32 Abbreviations Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 33 Instrument Identification Images from KCWTD Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 34 Line Legend Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 35 Tag Numbers Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Optional text here 36 Interface Symbols Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Optional text here 37 Construction Status Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Optional text here 38 Valve Symbols Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 39 Gate Symbols Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 40 Actuator Symbols Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 41 Mechanical Equipment Symbols Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Optional text here 42 Primary Element Symbols Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Optional text here 43 Miscellaneous Symbols Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 44 Functional Logic Diagrams Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 45 Header (Analog = continuous) (Discrete = on/off) Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 46 Instrumentation Identification Photo caption Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 47 An Example Alki CSO Treatment Plant Sodium Hypochlorite System Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 49 Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 50 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 54 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 55 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 56 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 57 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 58 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 60 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 61 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings Optional text here 62 Examples Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 63 Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 64 Sludge Dewatering Centrifuge No.1 FV 17BG011 FV 17BG011 PE 17B013 FV17BA011 / P17BA011 FV17BA011 / P17BA011 FV17BA011 / P17BA011 PE 17BA011 FE 178D011 FV 178B011 Identify what is in each circle and which table is used to find the information Identify what is in each circle and which table is used to find the information Version - 1.0, January 2019 Process Flow / Instrumentation Drawings 79 Questions, Comments and Suggestions? Kyle Kihs | PNWS-AWWA Executive Director kkihs@pnws-awwa.org Loren Searl | TCC Chair lsearl@lsearl@spokanecity.org Prepared by the Training Coordination Committee, PNWS-AWWA
