POLITEKNIK SULTAN SALAHUDDIN ABDUL AZIZ SHAH CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT DIPLOMA IN BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERING COURSE CODE / COURSE NAME DCB20053 / PLUMBING SERVICES SESSION 1:2021/2022 CLO1, C3: PLO1: Apply fundamental knowledge of plumbing system according standards and regulations. Apply knowledge of applied mathematics, applied science, engineering fundamentals and an engineering specialisation as specified in DK1 to DK4 respectively to wide practical procedures and practices. NAME NUR AISHAH BT MOHD SEINI REGISTRATION NO. 08DPB20F2003 PROGRAMME/SECTI ASSESSMENT TOOL (%): ESSAY WRITING (10%) DK4: Specialist Knowledge DP1: Depth of knowledge (DK4: Specialist Knowledge) DP6: Extend Of Stakeholder Involvement & Conflicting Requirement D URATION 7 HOURS (NF2F) ENGINEERING BULIDING SERVICES ON CL O1 TOTAL MARKS INTRODUCTION: Hot water systems are a necessity in building hotels, offices, and residential houses currently. There is a demand for hot water tap such as opened for a sink, shower, tub, or washing machine. While in hospital, the good hot water systems are required for specific purposes such as cleaning, sterilization, and disinfection. INSTRUCTION: You are required to work on individual and write an essay on the following: (SUBMISSION AT CIDOS PLATFORM) 1. 2. Explain the general requirements of hot water for domestic usage purposes and other specialized processes, explain the water heating process using electric, gas and solar power, explain the principles of hot water distribution, compare advantages and disadvantages of hot water supply system using boiler (CLO1, C2) (10marks) Why are hot water system necessary? Explain with illustrating hot water supply systems for direct system, indirect system, and combined system for building, explain parts of solar heater system such as glass, insulator, copper tube and storage tank, explain solar power heater system works (CLO1, C3) (15 marks) The essay writing will be evaluated using the rubric on Appendix 1. Students are required to find information from library, internet, interview and authority. Prep ared by: ecturer L fied by: Veri Head of Programme /25 /25 1. The general requirements of hot water of domestic usage purposes and other specialized processes are the hot water system must have a minimum of two independent safety devices and thermostat is required to control the desired temperature of the stored water. It is important to consider whether the safety devices have access to suitable external areas to follow them to rent outside. The process of water heating using gas are by a gas powered water heater has cold water brought into the tank through a dip tube. These water is heated with a gas burner , which will releasing extremely hot but toxic air up through a chimney in the middle of the water heater tank. The chimney moves this toxic air out side , all while heating the metal of the chimney and while this chimney heats up, the surrounding water is heats as well. Heat rises, and water heater use this to bring water through the plumbing of our home. Warm water rises to the top of water heater tank and it move through out the home through heat-out pipe. The tank itself is insulted to keep water warm for longer period of time and to ensure the water doesn’t transfer the heat to the metal of the water heater tank. Finally the water heater has a sacrificial anode rod, which is a rod that made of metal that rust faster than the metal making up the water heater tank. An electric water heaters works essentially the same way as the gas water heater. It brings cold water in through the dip tube and heats it using the electric heating elements inside the tank. The hot water rises in tank and is moved throughout the home through the heat-out pipe. As with the electric water has a thermostat , temperature, and pressure relief valve, and drain vale, the tan insulted and it has anode rod. The process of water heating by solar power are solar water heater absorbs light by means of a circulating pump. This exchange is triggered by the thermal regulator, but only when the collector is hotter than the water in the tank. This prevents the circulating pump using electricity and also prevents over heating. The principle of water distribution are gravitational convection current and by circulating pressure. The gravitational convective current. The revolving of waters are depends on gravity and current. Current happens because of the difference between density and temperature. Low density of hot water will float while the higher density which cold water, will sink. The circulating pressure are happen when the pressure supplied by the mechanicals way which are using circulating pump where can make the water surround the flow pipe. Normally used when the difference of pressure are not enough for the system. The advantages of hot water supply system using boilers are it’s rather easy to add a zone control system to a boiler, give us greater control of where the heat is distributed. Boilers also costs less to run than forced air system and the water heating systems are virtually silent. The disavantages for the boilers are the replacements parts for boiler can be more expensive than those forced air systems and it takes longer to respond when the thermostat is changed. The boilers also do presents the risk of water leaks although its not that 2. The direct hot water systems apply energy straight to the base of water-filled cylinder.The immersion elements or gas directly affect the hot water cylinder . For these scenario, a heat exchanger carries hot water from a boiler .This incoming fluid medium never mixes with the cylinder water. The indirect water systems supply is the most common type found in modern houses. This main enters the property and branches off to supply the property and branches off to supply the building. It then rises up to the left to feed the cold water storage cistern. The cold water cistern supplies cold water to every where in the building, such as the cold toilets taps and the hot water cylinder. An indirect hot water cylinder typically uses an external energy source, such as traditional central heating boiler or a solar thermal system , which is feed into the cylinder via a coil or heat exchanger which then ‘indirectly’ heat the hot water. The combine system . This system can differenciate between indirect system because this system has an extra tank. This extra tank can’t heat up the water but it can keep the water hot from the cylinder. Part of solar heater such as glass; solar glass is one of the curcial barriers of traditonal solar panels protecting solar cells against harmful external factors, such as water , vapor, and dirt. The insulator. The insulation in thermal solar collectors prevents loss of accumulated heat in the solar collector and improves absorbtion effiency. It is important that insulation remains stable at high temperature ( up to 220% ) and does not produce any emissions of organic compounds that could visibly accumulate on thermal solar collector glazings. Copper tube. As the water temperatures in the collector can become quit high during the heat of he day, many materials can’t handle the high temperature s and pressure in the system. Copper’s superior strength at these temperatures make it the ideal choice. Storage tank. The solar tanks are designed for large commercial projects , or high demand applications . Solar tanks are available in variety of sizes , ranging from 193 gl to over 60,00 gl for all types of applications. The solar power heater systems. In order to heat water using sun light , a solar thermal collector heats a fluid that is pumped through it. As the fluid is pumped through the collector, the fluid become heated. The now heated fluid then is pumped out of the collector and through a heat exchanger. Heat exchangers are usually comprised of cooper , and are normally found inside a solar storage tank. The storage tank is an enssential element of any solar thermal system, as it allows all the heat being generated by the solar thermal collector to be stored for use whenever it is needed. Solar thermal collectors are classified by the Energy Information Adminirations (EIA) as high ,medium, or low temperature collectors.
