IT Tools and
Business Systems
Lec 4 mid
Topics Software:
• Components of Software
• Computer Code
• Types of Software
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
int main(void)
{
printf("hello, world\n");
}
int main()
{
std::cout << "Hello, world!\n";
return 0;
}
10 PRINT "Hello, World!"
20 END
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. hello-world.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
DISPLAY "Hello, world!"
using System;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, world!");
}
}
class HelloWorldApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello World!"); // Prints the string
to the console.
}
}
console.log("Hello World!");
puts 'Hello World!'
print("Hello World")
<?php echo "Hello, World";
global _main
extern _printf
section .text
_main:
push message
call _printf
add esp, 4
ret
message:
db 'Hello, World', 10, 0
Topic: Software
• Computer Code
• ASCII
• Software Types-based on purpose
•
•
•
•
System software
Programming Software
Malicious software
Application software
• Applications Software
• Word processor
• Spreadsheet
• Multimedia presentation
Software
abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that
enable the user to interact with a computer hardware or perform tasks.
Note: Documents, Online Documentations, Hard copy print out, books,
reference manual are all considered as software.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Hello,
World!";
return 0;
}
Components of Software:
1.Computer Code - is the set of instructions forming a
computer program which is executed by a computer.
2.Data - are raw material from which information is derived.
Computer Code: (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
Type of Code
#include <stdio.h>
1. Source Code
2. The Object Code
int main(void)
{
printf("hello, world\n");
}
Types of Software: Based on the goal;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
System Software
Programming Software
Malicious Software
Application Software
Firmware
1. System Software
• is software that directly operates the computer hardware, to provide basic
functionality needed by users and other software, and to provide a platform for
running application software.
Types of System Software
1. Operating systems
2. Device drivers
3. Utilities
1. Operating systems
- are essential collections of software that manage
resources and provides common services for other
software that runs "on top" of them. Supervisory programs,
boot loaders, shells and window systems are core parts of
operating systems. In practice, an operating system comes
bundled with additional software (including application
software) so that a user can potentially do some work with
a computer that only has one operating system.
2. Device drivers
- which operate or control a particular type of device that is
attached to a computer. Each device needs at least one
corresponding device driver; because a computer typically
has at minimum at least one input device and at least one
output device, a computer typically needs more than one
device driver.
3. Utilities
- which are computer programs designed to assist users in
the maintenance and care of their computers.
• Disk defragmenters,
• System Profilers,
• Network Managers,
• Application Launchers,
• Antivirus software,
• Backup software,
• Disk repair,
• Disk Cleaners,
• Registry Cleaners,
• Disk Space analyzer,
• file manager,
• File Compression,
• Data Security…..
2. Programming Software
• is a program or set of programs which helps the software developers by assisting them
in creating, debugging and maintaining other programs and applications, using
programming language.
• Note: Programming software is a sub-category of system software but according to some sources it is stated
as a separate category of software along with application and system software.
• Note: Programming software is a software which helps the programmer in developing other software.
Compilers, assemblers, debuggers, interpreters etc. are examples of programming software. And, an
Integrated Development Environments (IDE) combines all these software.
• Note: Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) is a software suite that consolidates basic tools required to
write and test software. e.g. Apple’s Xcode on a Mac and Microsoft’s Visual Studio on windows.
• Note: Programming software is also known as programming tool or software development tool.
3. Malicious Software
• Malicious Software - is software that is developed to harm
and disrupt computers. As such, malware is undesirable.
Malware is closely associated with computer-related crimes,
though some malicious programs may have been designed as
practical jokes.
• is any software intentionally designed to cause damage to a computer, server
or computer network. (Wiki)
• Note: Malware does the damage after it is implanted or introduced in some way
into a target’s computer and can take the form of executable code, scripts,
active content, and other software.
• Note: Malware has a malicious intent, acting against the interest of the
computer user—and so does not include software that causes unintentional
harm due to some deficiency, which is typically described as a software bug.
Example of Malware
1. ransomware,
2. computer viruses,
3. worms,
4. Trojan horses,
5. spyware,
6. adware,
7. scareware
4. Application Software
• Application Software (Apps)- is software that uses the computer
system to perform special functions or provide entertainment
functions beyond the basic operation of the computer itself. There
are many different types of application software, because the range
of tasks that can be performed with a modern computer is so
large—see list of software.
• is a computer software designed to perform a group of coordinated
functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user.
Example of an Application Software:
1.Word processor,
2.Spreadsheet,
3.Multimedia presentation
4.Accounting application,
5.Web browser,
6.Media player,
7.Aeronautical flight simulator
8.Console game,
9.Photo editor.
5. Firmware
Firmware - is a specific class of computer software that
provides the low-level control for the device's specific
hardware.
• Firmware is a software program permanently etched into a hardware device
such as a keyboards, hard drive, BIOS, or video cards. It is programmed to
give permanent instructions to communicate with other devices and perform
functions like basic input/output tasks.
• Firmware is typically stored in the flash ROM (read only memory) of a hardware
device. It can be erased and rewritten.
Inverter Sensor Washing
Machine Firmware
Common Apps
1. Word Processor
2. Spreadsheet
3. Presentation
Software
Antivirus
McAfee, Housecall, AVG, Norton
Audio / Music program WinAmp, iTunes
Database
Device drivers
E-mail
Game
Internet browser
Movie player
Operating system
Photo / Graphics
program
Examples
Access, MySQL, SQL
Computer drivers
Outlook, Thunderbird
Dota, Quake, Madden NFL Football, Starcraft, LOL, RoS
Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer
VLC, Windows Media Player
Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, Windows
Adobe PhotoShop, CorelDRAW
Presentation
PowerPoint,
Programming language C++, HTML, Java, Perl, Visual Basic, Python, Assembly
Simulation
Spreadsheet
Utility
Flight simulator, SimCity
Excel, Google sheet, Lotus 1-2-3 6, Pyspread
Compression, Disk Cleanup, Encryption, Registry cleaner, Screen saver
Word processor
Firmware
Microsoft Word, Google Docs, WordPerfect, AbiWord
EPROM, BIOS, Open Firmware or Open Boot, Washing Machine Timing and Control Sys.
Next meeting Quiz 1 Mid Fri. Nov. 12, 2021