Questions
Answers
The base, heavy-chain portion of an antibody
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Mutant and cancerous cells are destroyed by which cells?
cytotoxic T
Which of the following would NOT be the result of the action of the complement system?
trapping of pathogens in tangled protein
The barrier to invasion by microbes involves
all of these
Flu pandemics are caused by the spread of
RNA virus
The first disease that was demonstrated to be caused by a specific microorganism was
anthrax
Normal bacterial inhabitants of the human body
are naturally resistant to antibiotic
Commonly referred to as the substrate-to-biomass yield, is used to between cell growth rate dX/dt and substrate utilization rated dS/dt
specific growth
Phagocytes perform their services in
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All but which of the following are good barriers to invasion by microbes
broken skin
Which cells are divided into two groups: T cells and B cells?
lymphocytes
Which system involves plasma proteins activated when they contact bacterial cell
complement
Successful inoculation against smallpox used
scubs
Which disease is NOT caused by a virus?
syphilis
Which immunoglobulin is able to pass the placenta to protect the fetus from pathogens?
IgG
Latency in viruses is associated with all but which one of the following?
lytic cycle
Which cells produce and secrete antibodies that set up bacterial invaders for subsequent destruction by macrophages?
B cells
Which of the following is NOT caused by one of the herpes viruses?
benign and malignant warts
Which od the following statements about virus is true?
They include some forms that are able to attack bacteria
Monoclonal antibodies are the fusion of
cancer cells an B cells
Infective proteins are known as
prions
Interleukins
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A virus is characterized by all but which one of the following?
any answer
Which of the following is false
The outer coats of all viruses are alike
After a primary immune response
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Retroviruses are characterized by
all of these
all but which of the following types of cells can be called 'phagocytes'?
erythrocytes
Which cells directly destroy body cells infected by viral or fungal parasites
helper T
the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) primarily destroys which cells?
T4
Lenghty periods of latency are most often associated with viruses that infect
other virus
histamine causes
an outward flow of fluids from the capillaries
Zero order kinetics happen when
substrate concentration is equal to substrate saturation constant
In which of these growth curve stages are the planktonic cells most cells in a biofilm
Log or exponential phase
The primary immune response
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Isogenic pathway is characterized by
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This is the phase where the cells are dividing by binary fission and doubling in numbers after each
Log phase
effector cells
all of these
Lysozomes
destroys the cell wall of invading bacteria
Which virus is an RNA virus
retrovirus
which of the following statement is false? Antibiotics
are effect againts viruses
In viral replication, all but which one of the following occur before capsid formation?
attachment to host cell
When the body's defenses turn against its own cells, the disorder is called
an autoimmune response
In stationary phase, the growth rate equate
all of the given
Which statement is innacurate?
viruses contains instructions to manufacture themselves
Which of the following statement is false?
over amillion of viruses
The term microbial growth cannot be defined by everything
increase in cellular constituents
which of the following statement is false?
shingles is an example
continous culture aims to keep a culture indefinitely. and this can only done by with the following conditions except
accumulated cells and waste products
A vaccine contains
all except
Passive immunity can be obtained by
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