MODULE 1
Meet and Greet
My Home,
My School
Understanding the self is a fundamental course in the General Education Curriculum of
tertiary education. It is designed to help the students understand the nature of identity including
factors that influence and shape personal identity.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the unit, the students should be able to:
 explain why it is essential to understand the self;
 focus your attention as well as listen wholeheartedly and openly to each member of the
class during sharing sessions;
 demonstrate self-understanding and self-acceptance.
Let’s Discuss
Why are you in this subject?
College life is said to be the most challenging and exciting phase of your life. It is a
world different from your primary as well as junior and senior high schools. Sine you are in your
freshman year, everything-including the subject –is new to you.
Before we even had to be in any formal institution of learning, among the many things
that we were first taught as kids is to articulate and write our names. Growing up, we were told
to refer back to this name when talking about ourselves. Our parents painstakingly thought about
our named after a famous celebrity, a respected politician or historical personality, or even a
saint? Were you named after one? Our names represent who we are. It has not been a custom to
just randomly pick a combination of letters and numbers (or even punctuation marks) like
zhjk756!! To denote our being. Human beings attach names that are meaningful to birthed
progenies because names are supposed to designate us in the world. Thus, some people get
baptized with names such as “precious,” “beauty.” Or “lovely.” Likewise, when our parents call
our names, we were taught to respond to them because our names represent who are. As a
student, we are told to always write our names signify us. Death cannot even stop this bond
between the person and her name. Names are inscribed even stop this between the person and her
name. Names are inscribed even into one’s gravestone.
A name is not the person itself no matter how intimately bound it is with the bearer. It is
only a signifier. A person who was named after a saint most probably will not become an actual
saint. He may not even turn out to be saintly the self is thought to be something else than the
name. The self is something that a person perennially molds, shapes, and develops. The self is
not a static thing that one is simply born with like a mole on one’s face or is just assigned by
one’s parents just like a name. Everyone is tasked to discover one’s self. Have you truly
discovered yours?
Understanding the Self | 1
1
Name: ______________________________________________ Score: ____________________
Program /Year/Section: ________________________________ Date: _____________________
A. Sharing Oneself
Sharing yourself by providing the following information:
1. your name
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. your positive attribute or characteristic that begins with the first letter of your
surname (e.g., Cruz “caring”)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. the school where you came from
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. your reason for taking your program
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
B. Do You Truly Know Yourself?
Answer the following questions about yourself as fully and precisely as you can.
1. How would you characterize yourself?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What makes you stand out from the rest? What makes yourself special?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. How is your self related to other selves?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Understanding the Self | 2
4. What will happen to yourself after you die?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
C. Your Role in the Community
Provide concise answers (maximum of 5 sentences). In college, each of you is expected
to do something for the whole community. You are now freshmen student. Can you
identify the things that you expect to do for the community?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Understanding the Self | 3
Rubrics:
RUBRICS FOR ESSAY, JOURNAL, AND REFLECTION WRITING
5
EXPERT
Evidence
of
independent
through.
Relevant, telling
details
CONTENT quality
give
important
information.
QUALITY
OF
WRITING
GRAMMA
R, USAGE
AND
MECHANI
CS
Piece was written
in
an
extraordinary
style and voice. It
is
very
informative and
well organized.
Virtually
no
spelling,
punctuation or
grammatical
errors.
4
ACCOMPLISHED
3
CAPABLE
1
BEGINNER
A
capacity of
independent
thought, though not
fully
realized.
Supporting details
are relevant , but
one or more key is
issues
is
unsupported
Relative absence if
independent
thought.
Supporting details
and information are
somewhat relevant,
but key points are
unsupported.
Unexamined clinched
thinking. Supporting
details are seemingly
random collection of
information, unclear,
or not related to the
topic.
Piece was written
in an interesting
style and voice. It
is
somewhat
information
and
well organized
Piece has little
style and voice. It
gives some new
information
but
poorly organized.
Piece had no style
and voice. It gives no
new information and
very
poorly
organized.
Few spelling and
punctuation errors,
minor grammatical
errors.
So many spelling,
A
number
of
punctuation
and
spelling,
grammatical
errors
punctuation
or
that interferes with
grammatical errors.
the thought.
References
Readings:


Alata, E.P., Caslib, B.N., Serafica, J.J. Pawilen, R.A., (2018). Understanding the
Self: Rex Book Store, Inc.
A2. Brawner, D. G., Arcega, A. F., (2018). Understanding the Self: C & E.
Understanding the Self | 4
MODULE 2
The Concept and Nature of Self
Who am I?
The philosophy of self seeks to describe essential qualities that constitute a person's
uniqueness or essential being. There have been various approaches to defining these qualities.
The self can be considered that being which is the source of consciousness,
the agent responsible for an individual's thoughts and actions, or the substantial nature of a
person which endures and unifies consciousness over time. This topic is concerned with 'Nature
of Self' and the definitions of self by the different philosophers.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the unit, the students should be able to:
 identify the nature, concept and meaning of the self;
 describe the nature of the self from your own point of view


discuss the conceptualization and presentation of the self from various disciplines and
perspectives;
develop a pleasant and wholesome attitude towards oneself;
Let’s Discuss
THE PHILOSPHICAL VIEW OF SELF
Socrates: Know Yourself
Socrates is principally concerned with man. He considers man from the point of view of
his inner life. The famous line of Socrates “know yourself”. Tells each man to bring his inner
self to light. A bad man is not virtuous through ignorance; the man who does not follow the good
falls to do so because he does not recognize it.
The core of Socratic ethics is the concept of virtue and knowledge. Virtue is the deepest
and most basic propensity of man. Knowing one’s own virtue is necessary and can be learned.
Since virtue is innate in the mind and self-knowledge is the source of all wisdom, an individual
may gain possession of oneself and be one’s own master through knowledge.
Plato: The Ideal Self, the Perfect Self
According to Plato, Man was omniscient or all-knowing before he came to be born into
this world. With his separation from the paradise of truth and knowledge and his long exile on
earth, he forgot most of his knowledge he had. However, by constant remembering through
contemplation and doing good, he can regain his perfections.
Man who is now an exile on earth has a guiding star, a model, or a divine exemplar which
he must follow to reach and attain his destiny. In practical terms, this means that man in this life
should imitate his former self; more specifically, he should live a life of virtue in which true
human perfection exists. Happiness, which is the fruit of virtue, is attained by the constant
imitation of the divine exemplar of virtue, embodied in man’s former perfect self.
Understanding the Self | 5
Immanuel Kant: Respect for Self
Man is the only creature who governs and directs himself and his actions, who sets up
ends for himself and his purpose, and who freely orders means for the attainment of his aims.
Every man is thus an end in himself and should never be treated merely as a means-as per the
order of the Creator and the natural order of things. This rule is a plain dictum of reason and
justice: Respect others as you would respect yourself. A person should not be used as a tool,
instrument, or device to accomplish another’s private ends. Thus, all men are persons gifted with
the same basic rights and should treat each other as equals.
Rene Descartes: “ I think, therefore I am”
Descartes states that the self is a thinking entry distinct from the body. His first famous
principle was “Cogito, ergo sum”, which means “I think, therefore I am”. Although the mind and
the body are independent from each other and serve their own function, man must use his own
mind and thinking abilities to investigate, analyze, experiment, and develop himself.
John Locke: Personal Identity
John Locke holds that personal identity (the self) is a matter of psychological continuity.
For him, personal identity is founded on consciousness (memory), and not on the substance of
either the soul or the body.
David Hume: The Self is the Bundle Theory of Mind
Hume is sceptical about the existence of the self, specifically, on whether there is a
simple, unified self that exists over time. For him, man has no “clear and intelligible” idea of the
self. He posits that no single impression of the self exists; rather, the self is just the thing to
which all perceptions of a man is ascribed. Moreover, even if there were such an impression of
the self, it would have to remain constant over time to constitute identity. However, man’s
impressions vary and always change. Even attempts are to have impressions of self must fail for
all these attempts are really just occasions for one to notice perceptions. Put simply, a person can
never observe oneself without some other perceptions. Thus, Hume asserts that what we call the
“self” is really just “a bundle or collection of different perceptions which succeed each other
with an inconceivable rapidity.”
THE CHRISTIAN OR BIBLICAL VIEW OF SELF
The Holy Bible
“God created man in His image; in the divine image He created him; male and female He created
them. God blessed them, saying, “Be fertile and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it. Have
dominion over the fish of the sea, the birds in the air, and all the living things that move on the
earth.”
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL VIEW OF SELF
Understanding the Self | 6
Sigmund Freud: The Psychoanalytic Theory of Self
Freud’s asserts that the human psyche (personality) is structured into three parts
(tripartite). These structures – the id, ego, and superego – all develop at different stages in a
person’s life.
These three structures are systems and not physical parts of the brain. Although each part
comprises unique features and contributes to an individual’s behaviour, they interact to form a
whole.
Parts of Personality
1. Id (internal desires). Also called internal drives or instinctive drives, it consist of the
body’s primitive biological drives and urges which are concerned only with achieving
pleasure and self- satisfaction. Id live completely in the unconscious.
2. Ego (reality). It is the “I” part of the individual that gives him/her the sense of his/her
own identity. The ego is the rational part of the personality.
3. Superego (conscience). It is the part of the personality concerned with morals, precepts,
standards, and ideas. The superego is also the critical faculty of the personality.
Erik Erikson: The Psychosocial Stages of Self-development
Erikson was primarily concerned with how both psychological and social factors affect
the development of individuals. He has formulated eight major stages of development, each
posing a unique developmental task and simultaneously presenting the individual with a crisis
that he/she must overcome.
Understanding the Self | 7
2
Name: ______________________________________________ Score: ____________________
Program /Year/Section: ________________________________ Date: _____________________
A. Self Examination
Look at yourself in the mirror and answer the following questions.
1. How can you describe yourself based on your own perspective or point of view?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What aspect of yourself do you feel good about why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. What aspect of your self do you believe you have to improve? Why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
B. Self- description Essay
Write an essay about anything that you wish to share about yourself.
1. Me as I see me
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. How other people see me
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Understanding the Self | 8
3. How I would like other people to see me
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Video Streaming:
Watch this video on YouTube and write your reaction on the lines provided below:
 Prof Armstrong (2014, November 19); Id, Ego, Superego.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GeYXKFRzW0
Reaction:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Rubrics:
RUBRICS FOR ESSAY, JOURNAL, AND REFLECTION WRITING
5
EXPERT
Evidence
of
independent
through. Relevant,
telling
quality
CONTEN details
give
T
important
information.
Piece was written
in an extraordinary
QUALIT
style and voice. It
Y OF
is very informative
WRITIN
and
well
G
organized.
GRAMM
AR,
USAGE
AND
MECHA
NICS
Virtually
spelling,
punctuation
grammatical
errors.
no
4
ACCOMPLISHED
A
capacity
of
independent thought,
though not fully
realized. Supporting
details are relevant ,
but one or more key
is
issues
is
unsupported
Piece was written in
an interesting style
and voice. It is
somewhat
information and well
organized
Few spelling and
punctuation errors,
or
minor grammatical
errors.
3
CAPABLE
Relative absence if
independent
thought. Supporting
details
and
information
are
somewhat relevant,
but key points are
unsupported.
Piece has little style
and voice. It gives
some
new
information
but
poorly organized.
1
BEGINNER
Unexamined clinched
thinking. Supporting
details are seemingly
random collection of
information, unclear,
or not related to the
topic.
Piece had no style
and voice. It gives no
new information and
very
poorly
organized.
So many spelling,
A
number
of
punctuation
and
spelling, punctuation
grammatical
errors
or
grammatical
that interferes with
errors.
the thought.
Understanding the Self | 9
References
Readings:
Alata, E.P., Caslib, B.N., Serafica, J.J. Pawilen, R.A., (2018). Understanding
the Self: Rex Book Store, Inc.
A2. Brawner, D. G., Arcega, A. F., (2018). Understanding the Self: C & E.


Online Journal:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self#:~:text=The%20self%20is%20an%20individual,
be%20confused%20with%20subjectivity%20itself.
Video Clips:



Prof Armstrong (2014, November 19); Id, Ego, Superego.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GeYXKFRzW0
Sprout (2017, April 23); 8 stages of development by Erik erikson.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYCBdZLCDBQ
Luke Relox (2018, September 14); The Philosophical Perspective of the
Self. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUNsj2NSCJ0
Understanding the Self | 10
MODULE 3
Physical Self
The Beautiful Me
It has been believed that the sex chromosomes of humans define the sex (female and
male) and their secondary sexual characteristics. From childhood, we are controlled by our
genetic makeup. It influences the way we treat ourselves and others. However, there are
individuals who do not accept their innate sexual characteristics and they tend to change their
sexual organs through medications and surgery. This lesson helps us better understand ourselves
through a discussion on the development of our sexual characteristics.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the unit, the students should be able to:




determine the condition of your physical self;
classify the physiological needs of the self in each of life;
identify the forces and institutions that impact the development of the various aspects of
identity and the self;
explain the importance of a good health.
Let’s Discuss
FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHYSICAL SELF
The development of the individual is caused by two interacting forces: heredity and
environment.
Heredity (nature) is the transmission of traits or characteristics from parents to
offspring. It provides the raw materials of which the individual is made up. Through the genes,
hereditary potentials like physical, mental, social, emotional, and moral traits are passed down to
generations.
Environment (nurture) is the sum total of the forces or experiences that a person
undergoes from conception to old age. It also includes family, friends, school, nutrition, and
other agencies one is in contact with.
The Beginning of Life
Life begins at fertilization. Fertilization refers to the meeting of the female sex cells and
the male sex cell. These sex cells are developed in the reproductive organs called gonads. The
male sex cells called spermatozoa (singular: spermatozoon) are produces in the male gonad
called testes. On the other hand, the female sex cells called ova are produces in the female
gonads known as the ovaries. The fertilized egg cell known as zygote contains all the hereditary
potentials from the parents. This zygote goes to the uterus and continues to grow during the
gestation period of about 280 days or 36 weeks or 9 calendar months.
Understanding the Self | 11
Stages in the Life Span
An individual undergoes definite stages of development. In each phase, the child
experiences certain developmental characteristics to prepare him/her for the next.
Figure 3.3 Human Development
Table 2. Stages of Human Development
Developmental Stage
Pre-natal period
Infancy
Babyhood
Early childhood or preschool age
Late childhood or elementary age
Puberty or preadolescence
Adolescence
Early Adulthood
Middle Age
Old age or senescence
Age
Conception to birth
Birth to end of the second week
End of the second week to end of the second year
Two to six years
Six to ten or twelve years
Twelve or thirteen or fourteen years
Thirteen or fourteen to eighteen years
Eighteen to forty years
Forty to sixty years
Sixty year to death
TAKING CARE OF MY PHYSICAL SELF
Since the self is inseparable from the body, you should take very good care of your physical self.
Whether you plan to lose, gain, or maintain weight, the most important thing to do is to keep yourself fit.
To achieve this goal, a rigid plan has to be made.
Balanced Diet
To keep fit and healthy, one needs to have a balanced diet. Eating a balanced diet means
consuming the right kind of food at the right time and in the right proportion. One’s food intake should
contain the necessary nutrients essential for growth and survival. This practice prevents malnutrition and
diseases. It is also important to keep mealtimes pleasant and enjoyable. Thus, an individual should be
encouraged and motivated to eat more nutritious food. It should also be remembered that junk foods
should be avoided.
Understanding the Self | 12
Table 3. Essential Food Nutrients
Nutrient
Functions
Carbohydrates
For supplying heat and
energy to the body
Protein
For building and repairing
broken or worn-out tissues
Fats
For maintaining heat and
energy for the body
Vitamins and
Minerals
For healthy skin and hair, as
well as for aiding the
normal functioning of the
body
Sources
Starchy food, bread,
rice, tubers, cereals,
and their products
Legumes and byproducts; meat, fish,
poultry, and byproducts; milk and
milk products
Margarine, nuts, oil,
butter, cheese, and byproducts
All kinds of fruits and
vegetables; internal
organs like liver,
gizzard, spleen, etc.
Amount of Serving
per Meal
1 to 1 ¼ cup of rice
1 to 2 pieces of corn in
cob
½ to ¾ cup
2to 3 pieces of meat
1 glass of milk
1 tablespoon of
vegetable oil and its
equivalent
¾ to 1 cup of
vegetables
1 slice of big fruit
1 piece of small fruit
Water
An individual should drink at least eight glasses of water every day. It allows the body to
function efficiently. It also washes away wastes to keep the skin clear and healthy. With a high
protein diet, the body utilizes the water properly and avoids water retention. Liquids such as
coffee, tea or milk should not be counted as water. Although they contain lots of water, there is
also a build-up of caffeine, acid or fat.
Sleep
Sleep gives the bones, muscles, and the mind time to recover. An individual needs eight
or more hours of sleep a day. One very important requirement for a refreshing sleep is a firm
mattress. If one sleeps in a slumped, uncomfortable position in a mattress that is too soft, body
aches may develop. A soft and lumpy mattress should be replaced with a firmer one. Another
way to improve the bed is to raise the lower part of the mattress so as to elevate the feet. It is an
ideal position because the blood flows back towards the heart and away from the feet. Moreover,
sleeping on one’s stomach can help prevent varicose veins from developing as well as other
circulatory problems.
Understanding the Self | 13
3
Name: ______________________________________________ Score: ____________________
Program /Year/Section: ________________________________ Date: _____________________
A. My Self through the Years
Paste a picture of you when you were in elementary, in high school, and now that you are in
college. Below the picture, list down your salient characteristics that you remember.
My Elementary Self
My High school Self
My College Self
Ask any close member of your family about your characteristics when you were in
elementary, in high school, and now that you are in college. Write the answers on the table
below.
My Elementary Self
My High school Self
My College Self
Understanding the Self | 14
B. Analysis
After having examined your “self” in its different stages in Activity A, fill out the table
below.
Similarities in all stages of
my “self”
Differences in my “self”
across the three stages of my
life
Possible reasons for the
differences in me
C. Characterizing Myself
Fill out the chart below. Your professor may ask some of you to write your answers on a
bigger chart on the board
My characteristics or traits
most similar to those of my
mother
My characteristics or traits
not similar to those of my
father or my mother
Negative
Positive
My characteristics or
traits most similar to those
of my father”
Understanding the Self | 15
Analyse the chart by answering the following questions:
a. Are there more positive traits than negative traits written on your chart?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
b. Which traits are observable and which are not?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c. Compare the traits written on the first two columns with those on the third column. Are there
more physical traits than on-physical traits that have been recorded?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
d. Are you happy for having those traits? Have you ever expressed your gratitude to your
parents for passing those traits to you?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
D. Individual Discussion
Give concise answer (maximum of 5 sentences) to the questions below.
1. What habits of yours contribute to a healthy living?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Are there things that you consider unhealthy but you cannot stop yourself from
doing? Give some examples.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What do you plan to do become physically fit?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Understanding the Self | 16
E. Diet Planning
Prepare an ideal balanced diet for your breakfast, lunch and dinner.
Breakfast
Lunch
Dinner
Video Streaming:
Watch the video about Process of Fertilization and the Formation of Human and answer
the following statement/s below.

The process of fertilization and the formation of human
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-TXkZ_sjyUk)
1) Three things that I significantly learned from the video clip.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2)
Three things that are still unclear to me
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3) Three questions that I want to ask about the video clips.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Let’s Do This
Family Tree
Construct your Family tree as far as you can, using any materials that you have. Be
creative. Indicate the physical and non-physical traits that you can identify among the
members of your family.
Understanding the Self | 17
Rubrics:
RUBRICS FOR ESSAY, JOURNAL, AND REFLECTION WRITING
5
EXPERT
Evidence
of
independent
through. Relevant,
telling
quality
details
give
CONTENT
important
information.
Piece was written
in an extraordinary
style and voice. It
is very informative
and well organized.
QUALITY
OF
WRITING
Virtually
spelling,
punctuation
grammatical
errors.
GRAMMA
R, USAGE
AND
MECHANI
CS
4
ACCOMPLISHED
A
capacity
of
independent thought,
though not fully
realized. Supporting
details are relevant ,
but one or more key
is
issues
is
unsupported
Piece was written in
an interesting style
and voice. It is
somewhat
information and well
organized
no
Few spelling and
punctuation errors,
or
minor grammatical
errors.
3
CAPABLE
1
BEGINNER
Relative absence if
independent thought.
Supporting
details
and information are
somewhat relevant,
but key points are
unsupported.
Unexamined clinched
thinking.
Supporting
details are seemingly
random collection of
information, unclear, or
not related to the topic.
Piece has little style
and voice. It gives
some
new
information
but
poorly organized.
Piece had no style and
voice. It gives no new
information and very
poorly organized.
So many spelling,
A
number
of
punctuation
and
spelling, punctuation
grammatical errors that
or
grammatical
interferes with the
errors.
thought.
RUBRICS FOR PROJECT/REQUIREMENT/ARTWORK
Excellent (9-10)
Good (6-8)
Satisfactory (3-5)
Following
project
Directions
All directions
followed
are
You followed most
directions
You followed some
directions
Use of
Creativity
You used your own
ideas and imagination
You used your own
ideas most of the time
You
used
imagination
Effort put into
project
You took your time
and worked hard on
the project.
You work hard for
most of the time.
You put a small effort
into the project.
some
Needs
Improvement (02)
None
of
the
directions
were
followed
You did not use
your own ideas or
imagination
You
rushed
through and did
not work hard
References
Readings:
Alata, E.P., Caslib, B.N., Serafica, J.J. Pawilen, R.A., (2018). Understanding the
Self: Rex Book Store, Inc.
A2. Brawner, D. G., Arcega, A. F., (2018). Understanding the Self: C & E.


Online Journals:

The Department Haelth (2013, October 8) Nutrients.
https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/cantee
n-mgr-tr1~nutrients
Video Clips:


Ha Kha Son ( 2010, December 5) the process of fertilization and the formation
of human. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-TXkZ_sjyUk
Nucleus
Medical
Media
(2013,
January
31)
Fertilization.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5OvgQW6FG4
Understanding the Self | 18
MODULE 4
Intelligent Behaviors
Seeing My Natural Ability
Psychologists from all parts of the world have shown interest in the study of self. These
studies have brought out many aspects of our behavior related to self. Learn about the fourteen
intelligent behaviors which are discussed below.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the unit, the students should be able to:



conduct yourself effectively in different situations as well as convey ideas and thoughts
to others,
identify your natural qualities and behaviour,
assess and improve your study habits.
Let’s Discuss
FOURTEEN INTELLIGENT BEHAVIORS
Performance can be greatly influenced by one’s behaviour. Behaviour is defined as the
manner in which a person conducts himself/herself in various circumstances. When a person is
behaving intelligently, he/she is said to manifest 14 behavior or dispositions (Costa, 2000)
The following are 14 intelligent behaviors indicative of an efficient and effective
problem-solver, many of which were originally compiled by Costa (2000):
1. Persistence. It means not giving up when the answer to a problem is not immediately
known.
2. Overcoming impulsiveness. It involves planning, clarifying goals, exploring alternative
strategies, and considering consequences before one begins a task.
3. Listening to others. Some cognitive psychologists think that the ability to listen to
another person and understand their point of view is one of the highest forms of
intelligent behaviour.
4. Flexibility in thinking. It is when one considers other points of view rather than running
with the first thought that comes to mind.
5. Metacognition. It refers to the awareness of how one is thinking or the knowledge of
what is going on in one’s head.
6. Checking for accuracy and precision. It is the behaviour of not letting speed surpass the
desire for craftsmanship.
7. Questioning and problem-posing. It means asking questions and finding out problems
for oneself.
8. Applying past knowledge to new situations. It refers to the act of calling upon one’s store
of knowledge and experience as a source of data, theories, or processes to solve each new
challenge.
9. Precision of language and thought. A person with this behaviour uses descriptive terms
to distinguish objects and provide criteria for value judgments.
Understanding the Self | 19
10. Using all the senses. The senses of feeling, seeing, hearing, or even tasting are utilized to
solve problems more effectively.
11. Creativity. It means applying ingenuity, originality, and insight. Creativity develops
one’s capacity to generate original, unique, clever, or useful products, solutions, and
techniques.
12. Living with a sense of wonderment. Involved in this behaviour are inquisitiveness,
curiosity, and openness to beauty, intricacy, complexity, and simplicity.
13. Cooperation. It refers to taking advantage of the knowledge and insights that can only
come as a result of social relationship.
14. Sense of humor. It refers to being able to look at situations, opportunities, problems, and
relationships with nonchalance and fun.
Possessing many of these intelligent behaviors is an advantage in the corporate world.
Understanding the Self | 20
4
Name: ______________________________________________ Score: ____________________
Program /Year/Section: ________________________________ Date: _____________________
A. Diagnose Your Study Habits
Read the following questions carefully and answer them honestly by writing YES or No.
__________ 1. Do you have a definite place for studying?
__________ 2. Do you have a definite time for studying?
__________ 3. Do you read under a colored light?
__________ 4. Are you neat and orderly in your work?
__________ 5. Do you keep all necessary materials together?
__________ 6. Do you study when you are fresh and clean?
__________ 7. Do you concentrate when you study and relax when you play?
__________ 8. Do you make it a point to get off to a good start in each new lesson?
__________ 9. Do you do the hardest or least interesting job first?
__________10. Do you complete one job before going to another?
__________11. Do you complete what you have started?
__________12. Do you generally take down notes during a lecture, recitation, etc.?
__________13. Do you study late into the night or even all night long?
__________14. Do you read more than what you are required to read for a subject?
__________15. When you find a new word, do you immediately look it up in the
dictionary?
__________16. Are you attentive in class?
__________17. Do you always go to class well-prepared?
__________18. Do you do your daily assignments yourself?
__________19. Do you review often?
__________20. Do you evaluate your progress from time to time and act accordingly?
Understanding the Self | 21
Count your YES answers and interpret your score using the guide below:
Points
20
18-19
16-17
14-15
12-13
10-11
9 and below
Interpretation
If you scored 20, take the test again in a critical mood. No one has
entirely perfect study habits.
Look over the points where you went wrong and work to improve
in those areas.
Take some time and energy to improve some items you missed.
Re-check the points you missed and work to improve in those
areas.
You need concentrated effort to improve your study habits and
attitude. Begin with the serious faults first.
You need to immediately begin breaking your bad study habits and
substitute them with good ones.
This score indicates extremely bad study habits and attitude. Check
your vocational interest or if you have personal problems or any
factor that might be responsible for the score.
B. Changing my self
What aspects of yourself do you think may be changed or you would like to change?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
C. My Commitments
Commit yourself to further improve your study habits. Write your commitments using the
format,
“From now on,
___________________________________________________________________________,
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Understanding the Self | 22
Rubrics:
RUBRICS FOR ESSAY, JOURNAL, AND REFLECTION WRITING
5
EXPERT
Evidence
of
independent
through.
Relevant, telling
details
CONTENT quality
give
important
information.
QUALITY
OF
WRITING
GRAMMA
R, USAGE
AND
MECHANI
CS
Piece was written
in
an
extraordinary
style and voice. It
is
very
informative and
well organized.
Virtually
no
spelling,
punctuation or
grammatical
errors.
4
ACCOMPLISHED
3
CAPABLE
1
BEGINNER
A
capacity of
independent
thought, though not
fully
realized.
Supporting details
are relevant , but
one or more key is
issues
is
unsupported
Relative absence if
independent
thought.
Supporting details
and information are
somewhat relevant,
but key points are
unsupported.
Unexamined clinched
thinking. Supporting
details are seemingly
random collection of
information, unclear,
or not related to the
topic.
Piece was written
in an interesting
style and voice. It
is
somewhat
information
and
well organized
Piece has little
style and voice. It
gives some new
information
but
poorly organized.
Piece had no style
and voice. It gives no
new information and
very
poorly
organized.
Few spelling and
punctuation errors,
minor grammatical
errors.
So many spelling,
A
number
of
punctuation
and
spelling,
grammatical
errors
punctuation
or
that interferes with
grammatical errors.
the thought.
References
Readings:


Alata, E.P., Caslib, B.N., Serafica, J.J. Pawilen, R.A., (2018). Understanding the
Self: Rex Book Store, Inc.
Brawner, D. G., Arcega, A. F., (2018). Understanding the Self: C & E.
Understanding the Self | 23
••• End of Prelim Coverage •••
Understanding the Self | 24