Introduction in Power System
Created
Intro PS
@September 7, 2021 10:07 AM
intro
introduction in power system
What is Power System?
The power system is mainly an electrical component network that is deployed to supply,
transfer and use electrical power. This means that the power system has 3 components
which are -GDT the (G)generation system, (D)distribution system, and the
(T)transmission system. Power systems use (coal, diesel, or another form of energy) to
convert into electrical energy.
HISTORY
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1881 - Edison Electric Illuminating Company - Pearl Street Station
250-hp boiler - 6 engine-dynamo sets
110 V dc underground distributing system with copper insulated of jute.
1882 -First wheel-driven generator in, Appleton, Wisconsin.
1884- "Secondary Generator" a.k.a "Inductorium" invented by Lucien Gaulard, John
Dixon Gibbs
Demonstrated in Turin and light up to 40 km using single AC generator.
The flaw is that the load is connected in series.
1885 -Transformer a.k.a "Inductorium" perfected by Ottó Bláthy, Miksa Déri, Károly
Zipernowsky and coined the term Transformer
Used parallel AC distribution system
1886 - First Practical AC Power System
William Stanley was funded by George Westinghouse.
Acquired the right of Inductorium invented by Lucien Gaulard & John Gibbs.
US, Great Barrington Massachusetts.
1888 - Polyphase Induction Motor
Designed by Nikola Tesla and licensed by George Westinghouse
Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company took 4 years to create a
working polyphase induction motor.
1889 - First American Single Phase AC System
Located in Oregon
1891 - Westinghouse installed the first major power system that was designed to drive a
100 horsepower (75 kW) synchronous electric motor, not just provide electric lighting, at
Telluride, Colorado.
1893 - Southern California Edison Company established the first three-phase 2.3kV
system
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1893 -The Westinghouse Electric Company used an alternating current (AC) system to
light the Chicago World's Fair. A 22 mile AC powerline was opened, sending electricity
from Folsom Powerhouse in California to Sacramento.
1895 - Philadelphia had about twenty electric companies with
distribution systems operating
100 V & 500 V two-wire DC, 220 V three-wire DC, single phase, 2-phase, 3phase AC with
frequencies of 60, 66, 125, and 133 cycles per second, and feeders at
1000-1200 V and 2000-2400 V.
1895 - 1896 - AC is chosen as transmission standards
Westinghouse build Adams No. 1 generating station at Niagara Falls
The Niagara Falls hydropower station opened. It originally provided electricity to
the local area. One year later, when a new alternating current (AC) powerline was
opened, electric power from Niagara Falls was sent to customers over 20 miles
away in Buffalo, New York. 11 kV transmitting 10 MW of power.
General Electric - creating the 3-phase AC power system
1897 - Joseph John Thomson (England) discovered the electron.
1911 - W. Carrier(U.S.) invented electric air conditioning.
1913: - A. Goss invented the electric refrigerator.
1928 - The first solid-state metal diode suitable for general power uses was developed
by Ernst Presser at TeKaDe. It consisted of a layer of selenium applied on an aluminum
plate.
1936 - First experimental high voltage direct current (HVDC) line using mercury-arc
valves was built between Schenectady and Mechanicville, New York.
1954 - the Swedish State Power Board energized the 60-mile, 100- kV dc submarine
cable utilizing U. Lamm’s Mercury Arc valves at the sending and receiving ends of the
world’s first high-voltage direct current (HVDC) link connecting the Baltic island of
Gotland and the Swedish mainland. Currently, numerous installations with voltages
up to 800-kV dc are in operation around the world.
1957 - General Electric research group developed the first thyristor suitable for use in
power applications, starting a revolution in power electronics.
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Siemens demonstrated a solid-state rectifier, but it was not until the early 1970s that
solid-state devices became the standard in HVDC when GE emerged as one of the
top suppliers of thyristor-based HVDC
1973 - Generating up to1300 MW at Cumberland Station
of the Tennessee Valley Authority
1979 - a European consortium including Siemens, Brown Boveri & Cie, and AEG
realized the record HVDC link from Cabora Bassa to Johannesburg, extending more
than 1,420 km that carried 1.9 GW at 533 kV.
Common distribution voltages presently are in 5-, 15-, 25-, 35-, and 69-kV voltage
classes
Today, transmission voltages of 230 kV, 287 kV, 345 kV, 500 kV, 735 kV, and 765 kV are
commonplace, with the first 1100-kV the line already energized in the early 1990s.
North American transmission system is interconnected in to the power grid aka North
American Power Systems Interconnection
Generating companies (GENCO) sell directly to an independent system operator
(ISO). The ISO is responsible for the operation of the grid and matching
demand and generation dealing with transmission companies as well
(TRANSCO).
GENCO - Generating Company || Generation Company
ISO - International Organization for Standards
TransCo - National Transmission Company || Transmission Company
The National Transmission Corporation is a Philippine government-owned and
controlled corporation created in 2001 by the Electric Power Industry Reform Act and a
corporate entity wholly owned by the Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management.
also, see https://www.jonesborocwl.org/view/131?
fbclid=IwAR03YmpId_veD_c3nTTyu0sRfTCEEcVHatc94GlDx4A6chG7Sn2PNfnanwM
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