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Flashcards - anat/phys
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Flashcards - anat/phys
alveoli?
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Author
mustangtyra
9.
The olfactory mucosal lining of the nasal cavity
contains the receptors for the sense of smell?
True
ID
28057
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Card Set
anat/phys
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1.
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Secrete a fluid containing surfactant
Type II cells
2.
Where the respiratory zone of the lungs begins
Respiratory bronchioles
3.
10.
Description
Chapter 22
Respiratory
System
The functions of the nasal conchae are to enhance
the air turbulance in the cavity and to increase the
mucosal surface area exposed to the air?
True
Updated
27/07/2010,
07:34:23
False
True
11.
Show
Answers
Composed of simple squamous epithelium
The lungs are perfused by two circulations: the
pulmonary and the bronchial. The pulmonary
circulation is for oxygenation of blood. The bronchial
circulation supplies blood to the lung tissue?
True
Type I cells
False
True
4.
Terminates in alveoli
Aveolar duct
5.
12.
Composed of cuboidal cells
Changes in arterial pH can modify respiration rate and
rythm even when carbon dioxide and oxygen levels
are normal?
True
Type II cells
False
True
6.
The respiratory membrane is composed of fused
membrane of the capillary walls and...
13.
Type I cells
Intralpleural pressure is normally about 4mm Hg less
than the pressure in the alveoli?
True
7.
No exchange of gases occurs here
False
True
Segmental bronchi
14.
8.
Ventilation perfusion coupling means that more blood
flows past functional alveoli than past nonfunctional
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During normal quiet breathing, aproximately 750ml of
air moves into and out of the lungs with each breath?
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True
09/11/2021, 11:47
False
21.
False
15.
The alveolar ventilation rate is the best index of
effective ventilation?
True
22.
False
23.
False
True
False
24.
The parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall?
True
False
True
The largest amount of carbon dioxide is transported
in the bloodstream in the form of carbonic
anhydrase?
True
Tracheal obstruction is life threatening?
True
True
18.
False
True
Labored breathing is termed dispenea?
True
6:17
Smoking diminishes ciliary action and eventually
destroys the cilia?
True
False
17.
False
True
False
In chronic bronchitis, mucus production is decreased
and this leads to the inflammation and fibrosis of the
mucosal lining of the bronchial tree?
True
Valsalva's maneuver involves closing off the glottis
(preventing expiration) while contracting the muscles
of expiration, causing an increase in intra-abdominal
pressure?
True
6:17
True
16.
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25.
False
The average individual has 500ml of residual volume
in his lungs?
True
False
False
False
19.
Increased temperature results in decreased O2
unloading from hemoglobin?
True
26.
False
Atelectasis (lung collapse) renders the lung useless
for ventilation?
True
False
False
True
20.
The epiglottis is a smooth muscle that covers the
glottis during swallowing?
True
27.
False
The hering-breuer reflex is a potentially dangerous
response that may cause overinflation of the lung?
True
False
False
False
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28.
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Strong emotions and pain acting through the limbic
system activate sympathetic centers in the
hypothalmus, thus modulating respiratory rate and
depth by sending signals to the respiratory centers?
True
False
34.
Flashcards - anat/phys
Apneustic breathing is characterized by prolonged
inspirations?
True
False
True
6:17
6:17
True
35.
29.
As carbon dioxide enters systemic blood, it causes
more oxygen to dissociate from hemoglobin (the
haldane effect), which in turn allows more CO2 to
combine with hemoglobin and more biocarbonate ion
to be generated (the Bohr effect)?
True
A) external respiration
B) pulmonary ventilation
C) transport of respiratory gases
False
D) pulmonary respiration
False
30.
C) Transport of respiratory gases
Dalton's law states that the total pressure exerted by
a mixture of gases in the sum of the pressures
exerted independently by each gas in the mixture?
True
Which of the choices below is NOT a functional
process performed by the respiratory system?
36.
The loudness of a person's voice depends on the...
A) Force with which the air rushes across the vocal
folds
False
B) Strength of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles
True
C) Thickness of vestibular folds
31.
Oxygenated hemoglobin releases oxygen more
readily when the pH is more basic?
True
D) Lenght of the vocal cords
A) Force with which air rushes across the vocal folds
False
False
37.
32.
Nasal cochae mainly work on inhalation to warm and
moisten air. They serve minor functions for
exhalation?
True
A) Trap dust and other debris
B) Secrete surfactant
False
C) Protect the lungs from bacterial invasion
False
33.
D) Replace mucus in the alveoli
B) Secrete surfactant
Under certain conditions, the vocal folds act as a
sphincter that prevents air passage?
True
The walls of the aveoli are composed of two types of
cells, type I and type II. The function of type II is to...
False
38.
True
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Complete the following statement using the choices
below. Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure
inside the lungs is...
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A) Less than the pressure in the atmosphere
Flashcards - anat/phys
B) differance between atmospheric pressure and
respiratory pressure
B) Equal to the pressure in the atmosphere
C) pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
C) Greater than the intra-alveolar pressure
D) Greater than the pressure in the atmosphere
D) pressure within the pleural cavity
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C) pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
D) Greater than the pressure in the atmosphere
42.
39.
Unlike inspiration, expiration is a passive act because
no muscular contractions are involved. Expiration,
however, depends on two factors. Which of the
choices below lists those two factors?
A) Boyle's law
B) Charles' law
A) Combined aount of CO2 in the blood and air in the
alveoli
C) Henry's law
D) Dalton's law
B) The expansion of respiratory muscles that were
contracted during inspiration and the lack of surface
tesion on the alveolar wall
A) Boyle's law
C) The recoil of elastic fibers that were stretched during
inspiration and the inward pull of surface tension due
to the film of alveolar fluid
43.
D) The negative feedback of expansion fibers used
during inspiration and the outward pull of surface
tension due to surfactant
B) Dalton's law
C) Boyle's law
D) Henry's law
B) Dalton's law
which of the following maintains the patency
(openness) of the trachea?
A) pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
44.
B) surfactant
Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing
by...
A) humidifying
C) cartilage rings
B) interfering with the cohesiveness of water
molecules, thereby reducing the surface tension of the
alveolar fluid
D) surface tension of water
C) cartilage rings
41.
The statement "in a mixture of gases, the total
pressureis the sum of the individual partial pressures
of gases in the mixture" paraphrases...
A) Charles' law
C) The recoil of elastic fibers that were stretched during
inspiration and the inward pull of surface tension due to the
film of alveolar fluid
40.
The relationship between the pressure and volume of
gases is given by
C) protecting the surface of alveoli from dehydration
and other enviromental variations
Intrapulmonary pressure is the...
D) warming the air before it enters
A) negative pressure in the intrapleural space
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B) interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules,
thereby reducing the surface tension of the alveolar
fluidinterfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules,
thereby reducing the surface tension of the alveolar fluid
48.
Flashcards - anat/phys
Nerve impulses from will result in inspiration.
A) Brocca's center
B) the ventral respiratory group
45.
For gas exchanges to be efficent, the respiratory
membrane must be...
6:17
C) the chemoreceptor group
6:17
D) the preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus
A) at least three micrometers thick
B) the ventral respiratory group
B) the thickness of the respiratory membrane is not
important in the efficiency of gas exchange
49.
C) between 5and 6 micrometers thick
D) 0.5 to 1 micrometer thick
In the plasma, the quantity of of oxygen in solution
is...
A) only about 1.5% of the oxygen carried in dissolved
form
D) 0.5 to 1 micrometer thick
B) about equal to the oxygen combined with
hemoglobin
46.
with the Bohr effect, more oxygen is released
because a(n)...
C) not present except where it is combined with carrier
molecules
A) decrease in pH (acidosis) weakens the hemoglobinoxygen bond
D) greater than the oxygen combined with hemoglobin
B) increase in pH (alkalosis) weakens the hemoglobinoxygen bond
A) only about 1.5% of the oxygen carried in dissolved form
C) increase in pH (alkalosis) strengthens the
hemoglobin-oxygen bond
50.
which of the following statements is in correct?
A) respiratory rate is lowest in newborn infants
D) decrease in pH (acidosis) strengthens the
hemoglobin-oxygen bond
B) descent of the diaphragm results in abdominal
breathing
A) decrease in pH (acidosis) weakens the hemoglobinoxygen bond
C) During fetal life, the lungs are filled with fluid
D) the chest wall becomes more rigid with age
47.
The most powerful respiratory stimulus for breathing
in a healthy person is ...
A) respiratory rate is lowest in newborn infants
A) loss of oxyge in tissues
51.
B) increase of carbon dioxide
C) pH (acidosis)
Which of the choices below describes the forces that
act to pull the lungs away from the thorax wall ant
thus collapse the lungs?
A) compliance and transpulmonary pressure
D) pH (alkalosis)
B) the natural tnedency for the lungs to recoil and
transpulmonary pressures
B) increase of carbon dioxide
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C) the natural tendency for the lungs to rrecoil and the
surface tension of the alveolar fluid
55.
52.
Which of the following is not true of the respiratory
tract from the medium bronchi to the aalveoli?
A) cartilage gradually decreases and disappears at the
bronchiole
D) compliance and the surface tension of the alveolar
fluid
C) the natural tendency for the lungs to rrecoil and the
surface tension of the alveolar fluid
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6:17
B) proportionally, smooth muscle decreases uniformly
6:17
C) lining of the tubes changes from ciliated columnar to
simple squamous epithelium in the alveoli
which of the following does not influence the increase
in ventilation that occurs as exercise is initiated?
D) resistance to air flow increases due to the increase
in cross-sectional diameter
A) proprioceptors
D) resistance to air flow increases due to the increase in
cross-sectional diameter
B) simultaneous cortical motor activation of the
skeletal muscles and respiratory center
C) decrese in lactic acid levels
56.
which of the following determines lung compliance?
A) flexibility of the thoracic cage
D) psychic stimuli
B) alveolar surface tension
C) decrese in lactic acid levels
C) muscles of inspiration
53.
which of the following is not a from of lung cancer?
D) airway opening
A) small cell carcinoma
B) alveolar surface tension
B) squamous cell carcinoma
C) Kaposi's sarcoma
57.
Tidal volume is air .
A) inhaled after normal inspiration
D) adenocarcinoma
B) remaining air in the lungs after forced expiration
C) Kaposi's sarcoma
C) exchanged during normal breathing
54.
Which of the following is not an event necessary to
supply the body with O2 and dispose of CO2?
D) forcibly expelled after normal expiration
A) external respiration
C) exchanged during normal breathing
B) blood pH adjustment
58.
C) internal respiration
A) partial pressure gradient
D) pulmonary ventilation
B) molecular weight and size of the gas molecule
B) blood pH adjustment
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Which of the choices below determines the direction
of respiratory gas movement?
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C) solubility in water
62.
Which of the following is not a stimulus for breathing?
A) arterial Po2 below 60 mm Hg
D) the temperature
B) rising carbon dioxide levels
A) partial pressure gradient
6:17
59.
Flashcards - anat/phys
C) arterial pH resulting from CO2 retention
possible causes of hypoxia include .
6:17
D) rising blood pressure
A) obstruction of the esophagus
D) rising blood pressure
B) too little oxygen in the air
C) getting very cold
63.
Respiratory control centers are located in the .
A) Midbrain and medulla
D) taking several rapid deep breaths
B) pons and midbrain
B) too little oxygen in the air
C) upper spinal cord and medulla
60.
The lung volume that represents the total volume of
exchangable air is the .
D) medulla and pons
A) expiratory reserve volume
D) medulla and pons
B) tidal volume
64.
C) inspiratory capacity
The amount of reserve that can be inspired above the
tidal volume is called .
A) reserve air
D) vital capacity
B) expiratory reserve
D) vital capacity
C) inspiratory reserve
61.
Because the lungs are filled with fluid during fetal life,
which of the folowing statements is true regarding
respiratory exchange?
D) vital capacity
C) inspiratory reserve
A) respiraatory exchanges are made through the
ductus arteriosis
65.
B) respiratory exchanges are not necessary
A) More CO2 dissolves in the blood plasma than is
carried in the RBC's
C) respiratory exchanges are made through the
placenta
B) CO2 concentrations are greater in venous blood
than arterail blood
D) because the lungs develop later in gestation,
fetuses do not need a mechanism for respiratory
exchange
C) Its accumulation in the blood is associated with a
decrease in pH
C) respiratory exchanges are made through the placenta
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Which statement about CO2 is incorrect?
D) Its concentration in the blood is decreased by
hyperventilation
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A) More CO2 dissolves in the blood plasma than is carried
in the RBC's
66.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the
lungs and through all cell membranes by .
6:17
A) osmosis
B) filtration
C) diffusion
D) active transport
C) diffusion
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