lOMoARcPSD|8095156 X04 Cost Volume Profit Relationships Bachelor of Science in Accountancy (Southwestern University PHINMA) StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s MODULE4 COST VOL UMEPROFI TANAL YSI S D.Vo l u meo r o u t p u t l e v e l a t wh i c ht h ee n t e r p r i s eb r e a k se v e n . THEORI ES: 1 .T owh i c hf u n c t i o no f ma n a g e me n t i sCVPa n a l y s i smo s t a p p l i c a b l e ? A.Pl a n n i n g C.Di r e c t i n g B.Or g a n i z i n g D.Co n t r o l l i n g 7 . Wh i c ho f t h ef a c t o r si s( a r e )i n v o l v e di ns t u d y i n gc o s t v o l u me p r o fi t r e l a t i o n s h i p s ? A.L e v e l so f p r o d u c t i o n C.F i x e dc o s t s D.Al l o f t h e s e B.Va r i a b l ec o s t s 8 . At t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t , fi x e dc o s t i sa l wa y s A.L e s st h a nt h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n B.Eq u a l t ot h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . Bo b a d i l l a 2 . Th es y s t e ma t i ce x a mi n a t i o no ft h er e l a t i o n s h i p sa mo n gs e l l i n gp r i c e s ,v o l u meo fs a l e sa n d p r o d u c t i o n , c o s t s , a n dp r o fi t si st e r me d : A.c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i na n a l y s i s C.b u d g e t a r ya n a l y s i s B.c o s t v o l u me p r o fi t a n a l y s i s D.g r o s sp r o fi t a n a l y s i s Bo b a d i l l a 3 . Th et e r mc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ni sb e s t d e fi n e da st h e : A.d i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nfi x e dc o s t sa n dv a r i a b l ec o s t s . B.d i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nr e v e n u ea n dfi x e dc o s t s . C.a mo u n t a v a i l a b l et oc o v e rfi x e dc o s t sa n dp r o fi t . D.a mo u n t a v a i l a b l et oc o v e rv a r i a b l ec o s t s . Bo b a d i l l a C.Mo r et h a nt h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n D.Mo r et h a nt h ev a r i a b l ec o s t Bo b a d i l l a 9 . At t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t : A.n e t i n c o mewi l l i n c r e a s eb yt h eu n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nf o re a c ha d d i t i o n a l i t e ms o l da b o v e b r e a k e v e n . B.t h et o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nc h a n g e sf r o mn e g a t i v et op o s i t i v e C.fi x e dc o s t sa r eg r e a t e rt h a nc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n D.t h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i ob e g i n st oi n c r e a s e Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 1 0 .I nc o s t v o l u me p r o fi t a n a l y s i s , t h eg r e a t e s t p r o fi t wi l l b ee a r n e da t A.On eh u n d r e dp e r c e n t a t n o r ma l p r o d u c t i v ec a p a c i t y . B.Th ep r o d u c t i o np o i n t wi t ht h el o we s t ma r g i n a l c o s t . C.Th ep r o d u c t i o np o i n t a t wh i c ha v e r a g et o t a l r e v e n u ee x c e e d sa v e r a g ema r g i n a l c o s t . D.Th ep o i n t a t wh i c hma r g i n a l c o s t a n dma r g i n a l r e v e n u ea r ee q u a l . Bo b a d i l l a 4 . Co s t v o l u me p r o fi ta n a l y s i sa l l o wsma n a g e me n tt od e t e r mi n et h er e l a t i v ep r o fi t a b i l i t yo fa p r o d u c t b y A.Hi g h l i g h t i n gp o t e n t i a l b o t t l e n e c k si nt h ep r o d u c t i o np r o c e s s . B.De t e r mi n i n gt h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i ta n dp r o j e c t e dp r o fi t sa tv a r i o u sl e v e l so f p r o d u c t i o n . C.As s i g n i n gc o s t st oap r o d u c t i nama n n e rt h a t ma x i mi z e st h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . D.Ke e p i n gfi x e dc o s t st oa na b s o l u t emi n i mu m. Bo b a d i l l a 5 . Co s t v o l u me p r o fi t a n a l y s i sc a n n o t b eu s e di f wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n go c c u r s ? A.Co s t sc a n n o t b ep r o p e r l yc l a s s i fi e di n t ofi x e da n dv a r i a b l ec o s t s . B.Th ep e ru n i t v a r i a b l ec o s t sc h a n g e . C.Th et o t a l fi x e dc o s t sc h a n g e . D.Pe ru n i t s a l e sp r i c e sc h a n g e . Bo b a d i l l a 1 1 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gi sn o t a na s s u mp t i o nu n d e r l y i n gCVPa n a l y s i s ? A.Th eb e h a v i o r o f t o t a l r e v e n u ei sl i n e a r . B.Un i t v a r i a b l ee x p e n s e sr e ma i nu n c h a n g e da sa c t i v i t yv a r i e s . C.I n v e n t o r yl e v e l sa t t h eb e g i n n i n ga n de n do f t h ep e r i o da r et h es a me . D.Th en u mb e ro f u n i t sp r o d u c e de x c e e d st h en u mb e ro f u n i t ss o l d . Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n ga s s u mp t i o n si si n h e r e n t t oCVPa n a l y s i s ? A.I nma n u f a c t u r i n gfi r ms , t h eb e g i n n i n ga n de n d i n gi n v e n t o r yl e v e l sa r et h es a me . B.I namu l t i p r o d u c t o r g a n i z a t i o n , t h es a l e smi xv a r i e so v e rt i me . C.Th eb e h a v i o r o f t o t a l r e v e n u ei sc u r v i l i n e a r . Bo b a d i l l a D.h er e l e v a n t r a n g ei sn o t ac o n s i d e r a t i o n . Bo b a d i l l a 6 . Th emo s t u s e f u l i n f o r ma t i o nd e r i v e df r o mab r e a k e v e nc h a r t i st h e A.Amo u n t o f s a l e sr e v e n u en e e d e dt oc o v e re n t e r p r i s ev a r i a b l ec o s t s . B.Amo u n t o f s a l e sr e v e n u en e e d e dt oc o v e re n t e r p r i s efi x e dc o s t s . C.Re l a t i o n s h i pa mo n gr e v e n u e s , v a r i a b l ec o s t s , a n dfi x e dc o s t sa t v a r i o u sl e v e l so f a c t i v i t y . 1 3 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n ga s s u mp t i o n si sc l o s e l yr e l e v a n t t oc o s t v o l u me p r o fi t a n a l y s i s ? A.f o rmu l t i p l ep r o d u c t a n a l y s i s , t h es a l e smi xi sn o t i mp o r t a n t 97 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s B.i n v e n t o r yl e v e l sr e ma i nu n c h a n g e d C.t o t a lfi x e dc o s t sa n du n i tv a r i a b l ec o s t sc a nb ei d e n t i fi e da n dr e ma i nc o n s t a n to v e rt h e r e l e v a n t r a n g e D.Ba n dC Bo b a d i l l a 1 9 .Pi n e sCo mp a n yh a sah i g h e rd e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g et h a nT a g a y t a yCo mp a n y . Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gi st r u e ? A.Pi n e sh a sh i g h e r v a r i a b l ee x p e n s e . B.Pi n e si smo r ep r o fi t a b l et h a nT a g a y t a yCo mp a n y ’ s . C.Pi n e si smo r er i s k yt h a nT a g a y t a yi s . D.Pi n e s ' p r o fi t sa r el e s ss e n s i t i v et op e r c e n t a g ec h a n g e si ns a l e s . Bo b a d i l l a 1 4 .Ad v o c a t e so f c o s t v o l u me p r o fi t a n a l y s i sa r g u et h a t : A.F i x e dc o s t sa r ei r r e l e v a n t f o rd e c i s i o nma k i n g . B.F i x e dc o s t sa r ema n d a t o r yf o rCVPd e c i s i o nma k i n g . C.Di ff e r e n t i a t i o nb e t we e nt h ep a t t e r n so f v a r i a b l ec o s t sa n dfi x e dc o s t si sc r i t i c a l . D.F i x e dc o s t sa r en e c e s s a r yt oc a l c u l a t ei n v e n t o r yv a l u a t i o n s . Bo b a d i l l a 1 5 .Wi t hr e s p e c t t ofi x e dc o s t s , CVPa n a l y s i sa s s u me st o t a l fi x e dc o s t s A.p e ru n i t r e ma i n sc o n s t a n t a sv o l u mec h a n g e s B.r e ma i nc o n s t a n t f r o mo n ep e r i o dt ot h en e x t C.v a r yd i r e c t l ywi t hv o l u me D.r e ma i nc o n s t a n t a c r o s sc h a n g e si nv o l u me 2 0 .Asp r o j e c t e dn e t i n c o mei n c r e a s e st h e A.d e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g ed e c l i n e s . C.b r e a k e v e np o i n t g o e sd o wn . Bo b a d i l l a B.ma r g i no f s a f e t ys t a y sc o n s t a n t . D.c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i og o e su p . 2 1 .Gi v e nt h ef o l l o wi n gn o t a t i o n s , wh a t i st h eb r e a k e v e ns a l e sl e v e l i nu n i t s ? SP=s e l l i n gp r i c ep e ru n i t F C=t o t a l fi x e dc o s t VC=v a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t A.SP/ ( F C/ VC) C.VC/ ( SP–F C) B.F C/ ( VC/ SP) D.F C/ ( SP–VC) Bo b a d i l l a 1 6 .Th eCVPmo d e l a s s u me st h a t o v e rt h er e l e v a n t r a n g eo f a c t i v i t y : b a d i l l a A.o n l yr e v e n u e sa r el i n e a r . C.u n i t v a r i a b l ec o s t i sn o t c o n s t a n t .Bo B.t o t a l fi x e dc o s t c h a n g e s . D.r e v e n u e sa n dt o t a l c o s t sa r el i n e a r . 1 7 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gi sn o t al i mi t i n gf a c t o ro f Co s t Vo l u me Pr o fi t a n a l y s i s ? A.Th ep r o c e s sa s s u me sal i n e a rr e l a t i o n s h i pa mo n gt h ev a r i a b l e s . B.Th ep r o c e s sa s s u me sv a r i a b l ec o s t sp e ru n i t a r ea v a i l a b l e . C.Effic i e n c yi sa s s u me dt ob ec o n s t a n t . D.I n v e n t o r yl e v e l sa r ea s s u me dt on o t c h a n g e . Bo b a d i l l a 2 2 .Ac o mp a n yi n c r e a s e dt h es e l l i n gp r i c ef o ri t sp r o d u c tf r o mP1 . 0 0t oP1 . 1 0au n i twh e nt o t a l fi x e dc o s t si n c r e a s e df r o m P4 0 0 , 0 0 0t oP4 8 0 , 0 0 0a n dv a r i a b l ec o s tp e ru n i tr e ma i n e d u n c h a n g e d .Ho wwo u l dt h e s ec h a n g e sa ff e c t t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t ? A.Th eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nu n i t swo u l db ei n c r e a s e d . B.Th eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nu n i t swo u l db ed e c r e a s e d . C.Th eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nu n i t swo u l dr e ma i nu n c h a n g e d . D.Th ee ff e c t c a n n o t b ed e t e r mi n e df r o mt h ei n f o r ma t i o ng i v e n . Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 2 3 .On January 1, 2007, Incremental Company increased its direct labor wage 1 8 .Co s t v o l u me p r o fi ta n a l y s i si sat e c h n i q u ea v a i l a b l et oma n a g e me n tt ou n d e r s t a n db e t t e rt h e i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p so f s e v e r a l f a c t o r st h a t a ff e c t afi r m' sp r o fi t . Aswi t hma n ys u c ht e c h n i q u e s , t h e a c c o u n t a n t o v e r s i mp l i fi e st h er e a l wo r l db yma k i n ga s s u mp t i o n s . Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gi sn o t a ma j o ra s s u mp t i o nu n d e r l y i n gCVPa n a l y s i s ? A.Al l c o s t si n c u r r e db yafi r mc a nb es e p a r a t e di n t ot h e i r fi x e da n dv a r i a b l ec o mp o n e n t s . B.Th ep r o d u c t ’ ss e l l i n gp r i c ep e ru n i t i sc o n s t a n t a t a l l v o l u mel e v e l swi t h i nar e l e v a n t r a n g e . C.Op e r a t i n ge ffic i e n c ya n de mp l o y e ep r o d u c t i v i t yi sc o n s t a n t a t a l l v o l u mel e v e l s . D.F o rmu l t i p r o d u c t s i t u a t i o n s , t h es a l e smi xc a nv a r ya t d i ff e r e n t v o l u mel e v e l s . Bo b a d i l l a rates. All other budgeted costs and revenues were unchanged. How did this increase affect Incremental Company’s budgeted break-even point and budgeted margin of safety? Bo b a d i l l a Bu d g e t e dBr e a k e v e nPo i n t Ex p e c t e dMa r g i no f Sa f e t y A. I n c r e a s e I n c r e a s e B. I n c r e a s e De c r e a s e C. De c r e a s e De c r e a s e D. De c r e a s e I n c r e a s e 2 4 .Ast h ev a r i a b l ec o s t i n c r e a s e sb u t t h es e l l i n gp r i c er e ma i n sc o n s t a n t , t h e A.De g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g ed e c l i n e s C.Br e a k e v e np o i n t g o e sd o wn Bo b a d i l l a B.Ma r g i no f s a f e t ys t a y sc o n s t a n t D.Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i og o e su p 98 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s B.Th ea r e ao fl o s sb e g i n swi t ht h ec o n c e p tt h a tfi x e dc o s t sh a v et ob er e c o v e r e dp r i o rt o s a l e sc o n t r i b u t i n gt op r o fi t . C.Th ea r e ao f p r o fi t r e p r e s e n t st h ed i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nSa l e sa n dVa r i a b l eCo s t . D.Th ea r e ao f p r o fi t b e g i n swi t ht h ec o n c e p t t h a t n oc o mp a n ywo u l dh a v ea n yl e v e l o f s a l e s b e l o wt h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t . Bo b a d i l l a 2 5 .Av e r yh i g hd e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g e( DOL )i n d i c a t e st h a t afi r m: A.h a sh i g hfi x e dc o s t s . C.h a sh i g hv a r i a b l ec o s t s . Bo b a d i l l a B.h a sah i g hn e t i n c o me . D.i so p e r a t i n gc l o s et oi t sb r e a k e v e np o i n t . 2 6 .Wi t ht h ea i do fc o mp u t e rs o f t wa r e ,ma n a g e r sc a nv a r ya s s u mp t i o n sr e g a r d i n gs e l l i n gp r i c e s , c o s t s ,a n dv o l u mea n dc a ni mme d i a t e l ys e et h ee ff e c t so fe a c hc h a n g eo nt h eb r e a k e v e n p o i n t a n dp r o fi t .Su c ha na n a l y s i si sc a l l e d A.“ Wh a t i f ”o rs e n s i t i v i t ya n a l y s i s . C.Co mp u t e ra i d e da n a l y s i s . B.Va r yt h ed a t aa n a l y s i s . D.Da t ag a t h e r i n g . Bo b a d i l l a 2 7 .I f ac o mp a n yr a i s e si t st a r g e t p e s op r o fi t , i t s A.b r e a k e v e np o i n t r i s e s . B.fi x e dc o s t si n c r e a s e . C.r e q u i r e dt o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ni n c r e a s e s . D.s e l l i n gp r i c er i s e s . 3 1 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gb e s t d e s c r i b e st h ei mp a c t o f s e l l i n gmo r eu n i t s ? A.Th ei n c r e a s ei ns a l e sv o l u mei n c r e a s e st o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t . B.Th ei n c r e a s ei ns a l e sv o l u meme a n sa ni n c r e a s ei nt o t a l fi x e dc o s t . C.Th ei n c r e a s ei ns a l e si n c r e a s e sc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n , c a u s i n gn e t i n c o met od e c r e a s e . D.Th ei n c r e a s ei ns a l e si n c r e a s e sc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t c a u s i n gt h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t t od e c r e a s e . Bo b a d i l l a 3 2 .Onac o s t v o l u me p r o fi t c h a r t ( b r e a k e v e ng r a p h ) , wh e r ea r et h et o t a l fi x e dc o s t ss h o wn ? A.Ast h ep o i n t wh e r et h es a l e sl i n ei n t e r s e c t st h ev e r t i c a l a x i s( p e s o s ) B.Ast h ep o i n t wh e r et h es a l e sl i n ec r o s s e st h et o t a l c o s t l i n e C.Ast h ep o i n t wh e r et h es a l e sl i n ec r o s s e st h eh o r i z o n t a l a x i s( v o l u me ) D.Ast h ep o i n t wh e r et h et o t a l c o s t l i n ei n t e r s e c t st h ev e r t i c a l a x i s( p e s o s ) Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 2 8 .Br o a d wa yCo mp a n ys e l l st h r e ep r o d u c t s :A,Ba n dC.Pr o d u c tA' su n i tc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ni s h i g h e rt h a nPr o d u c t B' swh i c hi sh i g h e rt h a nPr o d u c t sC' s . Wh i c ho n eo f t h ef o l l o wi n ge v e n t si s mo s t l i k e l yt oi n c r e a s et h ec o mp a n y ' so v e r a l l b r e a k e v e np o i n t ? A.Th ei n s t a l l a t i o no f n e wa u t o ma t e de q u i p me n t a n ds u b s e q u e n t l a y o ffo f f a c t o r ywo r k e r s . B.Ad e c r e a s ei nPr o d u c t C' ss e l l i n gp r i c e . C.Ani n c r e a s ei nt h eo v e r a l l ma r k e t d e ma n df o rPr o d u c t B. D.Ac h a n g ei nt h er e l a t i v ema r k e td e ma n df o rt h ep r o d u c t s ,wi t ht h ei n c r e a s ef a v o r i n g Pr o d u c t Ar e l a t i v et oPr o d u c t Ba n dPr o d u c t C. Bo b a d i l l a 3 3 .Wh e nu s i n gc o n v e n t i o n a lc o s t v o l u me p r o fi ta n a l y s i s ,s o mea s s u mp t i o n sa b o u tc o s t sa n d s a l e sp r i c e sa r ema d e . Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gi so n eo f t h o s ea s s u mp t i o n s ? A.Th ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nwi l l c h a n g ea sv o l u mei n c r e a s e s B.Th ev a r i a b l ec o s t p e r u n i t wi l l d e c r e a s ea sv o l u mei n c r e a s e s C.Th es a l e sp r i c ep e ru n i t wi l l r e ma i nc o n s t a n t a sv o l u mei n c r e a s e s D.F i x e dc o s t p e r u n i t wi l l r e ma i nt h es a mea sv o l u mei n c r e a s e s Bo b a d i l l a 2 9 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gi sn o t ab e n e fi t o f u s i n gs e n s i t i v i t ya n a l y s i s ? A.Mo r ep e o p l ec a ns e et h ei mp a c t o f t h e i ri d e a so nt h ep r o j e c t . B.Th eu s eo f as p r e a d s h e e t p r o g r a mi n c r e a s e st h ea c c u r a c yo f t h ep r o j e c t i o n s . C.Wh a t wi l l h a p p e ni sn o t k n o wni na d v a n c es oav a r i e t yo f o p t i o n sc a nb ee x p l o r e dp r i o rt o ma k i n gad e c i s i o n . D.Awe l l wr i t t e ns p r e a d s h e e t wi l l a l l o wf o rav a r i e t yo f q u e s t i o n st ob ea n s we r e di nami n i ma l a mo u n t o f t i me . Bo b a d i l l a 3 4 .Cl a s s i f y i n gac o s t a sfi x e do rv a r i a b l ed e p e n d so nh o wi t b e h a v e s A.p e ru n i t , a st h ev o l u meo f a c t i v i t yc h a n g e s . B.i nt o t a l , a st h ev o l u meo f a c t i v i t yc h a n g e s . C.b o t hAa n dBa r ec o r r e c t . D.n o n eo f t h ea b o v e . Bo b a d i l l a 3 5 .Afi x e dc o s ti st h es a mep e r c e n t a g eo f s a l e si nt h r e ed i ff e r e n tmo n t h s .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n g i st r u e ? A.Th ec o mp a n yh a dt h es a mes a l e si ne a c ho f t h o s emo n t h s . B.Th ec o s t i sb o t hfi x e da n dv a r i a b l e . C.Th ec o mp a n yi so p e r a t i n ga t i t sb r e a k e v e np o i n t . 3 0 .ACo s t Vo l u me Pr o fi t g r a p hc o n t a i n sa n" Ar e ao f L o s s "a n da n" Ar e ao f Pr o fi t a b i l i t y " . Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gb e s t e x p l a i n st h ed i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nt h et wop o i n t so nt h eg r a p h ? A.Th ea r e ao f l o s sr e p r e s e n t st h ed i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nSa l e sa n dVa r i a b l eCo s t . 99 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s D.Th ec o mp a n yi sa c h i e v i n gi t st a r g e t l e v e l o f p r o fi t . 3 6 .Pe r u n i t v a r i a b l ec o s t A.r e ma i n sc o n s t a n t wi t h i nt h er e l e v a n t r a n g e . B.i n c r e a s e sa sv o l u mei n c r e a s e swi t h i nt h er e l e v a n t r a n g e . C.d e c r e a s e sa sv o l u mei n c r e a s e swi t h i nt h er e l e v a n t r a n g e . D.d e c r e a s e si f v o l u mei n c r e a s e sb e y o n dt h er e l e v a n t r a n g e . Bo b a d i l l a A.Nu mb e ro f u n i t ss o l d . B.Va r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t . C.T o t a l fi x e dc o s t s . D.Sa l e sp r i c ep e ru n i t . Bo b a d i l l a 4 4 .Th ema r g i no f s a f e t yi sak e yc o n c e p t o f CVPa n a l y s i s .Th ema r g i no f s a f e t yi s A.Th ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t e . B.Th ed i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nb u d g e t e dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i na n da c t u a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . C.Th ed i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nb u d g e t e dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i na n db r e a k e v e nc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n D.Th ed i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nb u d g e t e ds a l e sa n db r e a k e v e ns a l e s . Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 3 7 .I np l a n n i n gp r o d u c t mi xf o rma x i mu mp r o fi t , CVPa n a l y s i swo u l ds t i mu l a t es a l e so f t h ep r o d u c t b yi n c r e a s i n gt h e : A.s a l e sp r i c e C.c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n B.v a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t D.e mp h a s i so nc u s t o me rp r i o r i t y Bo b a d i l l a 4 5 .At e c h n i q u ef o rd e t e r mi n i n gwh a two u l dh a p p e ni nad e c i s i o na n a l y s i si fak e yp r e d i c t i o no r a s s u mp t i o np r o v e st ob ewr o n gi sc a l l e d : A.CVPa n a l y s i s . C.Po s t a u d i t a n a l y s i s . Bo b a d i l l a B.Se n s i t i v i t ya n a l y s i s . D.Co n t r i b u t i o n ma r g i nv a r i a t i o na n a l y s i s . 3 8 .Ar e l a t i v e l yl o wma r g i no f s a f e t yr a t i of o rap r o d u c t i su s u a l l ya ni n d i c a t i o nt h a t t h ep r o d u c t : A.i sl o s i n gmo n e y B.h a sah i g hc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n C.i sr i s k i e rt h a nh i g h e rma r g i no f s a f e t yp r o d u c t s D.i sl e s sr i s k yt h a nh i g h e rma r g i no f s a f e t yp r o d u c t s Bo b a d i l l a 4 6 .Ani n c r e a s ei nt h eu n i tv a r i a b l ec o s twi l lg e n e r a l l yc a u s ea ni n c r e a s ei na l lo ft h ef o l l o wi n g e x c e p t A.t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t . C.t o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t s . B.c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . D.u n i t s e l l i n gp r i c e . Bo b a d i l l a 3 9 .Wi t h i nt h er e l e v a n t r a n g e , t o t a l r e v e n u e sa n dt o t a l c o s t s A.i n c r e a s e , b u t a t ad e c r e a s i n gr a t e . C.r e ma i nc o n s t a n t . B.d e c r e a s e . D.c a nb eg r a p h e da ss t r a i g h t l i n e s .Bo b a d i l l a 4 0 .Ana s s u mp t i o ni naCVPa n a l y s i si st h a t ac h a n g ei nc o s t si sc a u s e db yac h a n g ei n A.u n i t d i r e c t ma t e r i a l c o s t C.s a l e sc o mmi s s i o np e ru n i t Bo b a d i l l a B.t h en u mb e ro f u n i t s D.e ffic i e n c yd u et ol e a r n i n gc u r v ee ff e c t 4 1 .I nCVPa n a l y s i s , wh e nt h en u mb e ro f u n i t sc h a n g e s , wh i c ho n eo f t h ef o l l o wi n gwi l l r e ma i nt h e s a me ? A.T o t a l s a l e sr e v e n u e s C.T o t a l fi x e dc o s t s B.T o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t s D.T o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n Bo b a d i l l a 4 7 .Th emo s t l i k e l ys t r a t e g yt or e d u c et h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t wo u l db et o A.I n c r e a s eb o t ht h efi x e dc o s t sa n dt h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . B.De c r e a s eb o t ht h efi x e dc o s t sa n dt h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . C.De c r e a s et h efi x e dc o s t sa n di n c r e a s et h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . D.I n c r e a s et h efi x e dc o s t sa n dd e c r e a s et h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . Bo b a d i l l a 4 8 .Th eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nt o t a l s a l e sd e c r e a s e swh e n : A.v a r i a b l ec o s t i n c r e a s e sa n ds a l e sr e ma i nu n c h a n g e d B.v a r i a b l ec o s t i n c r e a s e sa n ds a l e si n c r e a s e C.fi x e dc o s t i n c r e a s e s D.fi x e dc o s t d e c r e a s e s Bo b a d i l l a 4 9 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gb e s t d e s c r i b e st h ei mp a c t o f a ni n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t ? A.Th ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t wi l l r e s u l t i na ni n c r e a s ei ns e l l i n gmo r eu n i t s . B.Th ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t wi l l c a u s ea ni n c r e a s ei nv a r i a b l ec o s t . C.Th ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s tc a u s e sn e ti n c o met od e c r e a s ea n dt h eb r e a k e v e np o i n tt o d e c r e a s e . 4 2 .Asfi x e dc o s t sf o rafi r mr i s e , a l l o t h e rt h i n g sh e l dc o n s t a n t , t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t wi l l A.b eu n c h a n g e d C.i n c r e a s e B.n o t b ea ff e c t e db yfi x e dc o s t s D.d e c r e a s e Bo b a d i l l a 4 3 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gwo u l dn o t a ff e c t t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t ? 100 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s D.Ama j o rd i ff e r e n c eb e t we e ni n c o mes t a t e me n t sp r e p a r e du n d e rt h et r a d i t i o n a l f o r ma ta n d t h o s ep r e p a r e du n d e rt h ec o n t r i b u t i o nf o r ma t i st h a t e x p e n s e su n d e rt h et r a d i t i o n a l f o r ma t a r es h o wnb yf u n c t i o n , wh i l et h ee x p e n s e ss h o wnu n d e rt h ec o n t r i b u t i o nf o r ma t a r es h o wn b yf u n c t i o na n dc o s t b e h a v i o r . Bo b a d i l l a D.Th ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s tc a u s e sn e ti n c o met od e c r e a s ea n dt h eb r e a k e v e np o i n tt o Bo b a d i l l a i n c r e a s e . 5 0 .Ac o mp a n y ’ sb r e a k e v e np o i n t i np e s os a l e sma yb ea ff e c t e db ye q u a l p e r c e n t a g ei n c r e a s e si n b o t hs e l l i n gp r i c ea n dv a r i a b l ec o s tp e ru n i t( a s s u mea l lo t h e rf a c t o r sa r ee q u a lwi t h i nt h e r e l e v a n tr a n g e ) .Th ee q u a l p e r c e n t a g ec h a n g e si ns e l l i n gp r i c ea n dv a r i a b l ec o s tp e ru n i twi l l c a u s et h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i np e s os a l e st o A.De c r e a s eb yl e s st h a nt h ep e r c e n t a g ei n c r e a s ei ns e l l i n gp r i c e . B.De c r e a s eb ymo r et h a nt h ep e r c e n t a g ei n c r e a s ei nt h es e l l i n gp r i c e . C.I n c r e a s eb yl e s st h a nt h ep e r c e n t a g ei n c r e a s ei ns e l l i n gp r i c e . D.Re ma i nu n c h a n g e d . Bo b a d i l l a 5 1 .If the fixed costs attendant to a product increase while variable costs and sales price remains constant, what will happen to contribution margin (CM) and breakeven point (BEP)? Bo b a d i l l a CM BEP A. I n c r e a s e De c r e a s e B. De c r e a s e I n c r e a s e C. Un c h a n g e d I n c r e a s e D. Un c h a n g e d Un c h a n g e d 5 2 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gwi l l d e c r e a s et h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t ? Bo b a d i l l a De c r e a s ei nSe l l i n gPr i c e I n c r e a s ei nDi r e c t L a b o r I n c r e a s ei nF i x e dCo s t A. YES YES YES B. YES NO YES C. NO NO YES D. NO NO NO 5 4 .I f ac o mp a n yi so p e r a t i n ga t al o s s , A.fi x e dc o s t sa r eg r e a t e rt h a ns a l e s . B.s e l l i n gp r i c ei sl o we rt h a nt h ev a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t . C.s e l l i n gp r i c ei sl e s st h a nt h ea v e r a g et o t a l c o s t p e ru n i t . D.fi x e dc o s t p e r u n i t i sg r e a t e rt h a nv a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t . Bo b a d i l l a 5 5 .Asv o l u mei n c r e a s e s , a v e r a g ec o s t p e r u n i t A.i n c r e a s e s . B.d e c r e a s e s . C.r e ma i n sc o n s t a n t . D.i n c r e a s e si np r o p o r t i o nt ot h ec h a n g ei nv o l u me . Bo b a d i l l a 5 6 .I f a l l g o e sa c c o r d i n gt op l a ne x c e p t t h a t u n i t v a r i a b l ec o s t f a l l s , A.t o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nwi l l b el o we r t h a ne x p e c t e d . B.t h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e r c e n t a g ewi l l b el o we rt h a ne x p e c t e d . C.p r o fi t wi l l b eh i g h e rt h a ne x p e c t e d . D.p e r u n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nwi l l b el o we rt h a ne x p e c t e d . Bo b a d i l l a 5 7 .Wh i c ho ft h ef o l l o wi n gd e c r e a s e sp e r u n i tc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nt h emo s tf o rac o mp a n yt h a ti s c u r r e n t l ye a r n i n gap r o fi t ? A.A1 0 %d e c r e a s ei ns e l l i n gp r i c e . C.A1 0 %i n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t s . Bo b a d i l l a B.A1 0 %i n c r e a s ei nv a r i a b l ec o s t p e r u n i t . D.A1 0 %i n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t p e ru n i t . 5 3 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gi sa ni n c o r r e c t s t a t e me n t ? A.Th ec o n t r i b u t i o ni n c o mes t a t e me n tt h a ti sp r e p a r e df o ri n t e r n a lu s e r si sb e t t e rt h a nt h e t r a d i t i o n a l i n c o mes t a t e me n ta sama n a g e me n tt o o l t op r e d i c tt h er e s u l t so fi n c r e a s e so r d e c r e a s e si ns a l e sv o l u me , v a r i a b l ec o s t s , a n dfi x e dc o s t s . B.Th eg r e a t e rt h ep r o p o r t i o no ffi x e dc o s t si nafi r m' sc o s ts t r u c t u r e ,t h es ma l l e rwi l l b et h e i mp a c t o np r o fi t f r o mag i v e np e r c e n t a g ec h a n g ei ns a l e sr e v e n u e . C.I na ne c o n o mi cr e c e s s i o n , t h eh i g h l ya u t o ma t e dc o mp a n ywi t hh i g hfi x e dc o s t swi l l b el e s s a b l et oa d a p tt ol o we rc o n s u me rd e ma n dt h a nwi l lafi r m wi t hamo r el a b o r i n t e n s i v e p r o d u c t i o np r o c e s s . 5 8 .I f v a r i a b l ec o s t a sap e r c e n t a g eo f s a l e si n c r e a s e s , t h e A.c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e r c e n t a g ei n c r e a s e s . B.s e l l i n gp r i c ei n c r e a s e s . C.b r e a k e v e np o i n t i np e s o si n c r e a s e s . D.fi x e dc o s t sd e c r e a s e . 5 9 .I n t r o d u c i n gi n c o met a x e si n t oc o s t v o l u me p r o fi t a n a l y s i s A.r a i s e st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t . B.l o we r st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t . 101 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) Bo b a d i l l a lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s C.i n c r e a s e su n i t s a l e sn e e d e dt oe a r nap a r t i c u l a rt a r g e t p r o fi t . D.d e c r e a s e st h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e r c e n t a g e . 6 4 .I nac o s t v o l u me p r o fi t g r a p h A.t h et o t a l r e v e n u el i n ec r o s s e st h eh o r i z o n t a l a x i sa t t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t . Bo b a d i l l a B.b e y o n dt h eb r e a k e v e ns a l e sv o l u me , p r o fi t sa r ema x i mi z e da t t h es a l e sv o l u mewh e r et o t a l r e v e n u e se q u a l t o t a l c o s t s . C.a ni n c r e a s ei nu n i t v a r i a b l ec o s t swo u l dd e c r e a s et h es l o p eo f t h et o t a l c o s t l i n e . D.a ni n c r e a s ei nt h eu n i t s e l l i n gp r i c ewo u l ds h i f t t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nu n i t st ot h el e f t . Bo b a d i l l a 6 0 .I f ac o mp a n yi se a r n i n gap r o fi t , i t sfi x e dc o s t s A.a r el e s st h a nt o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . B.a r ee q u a l t ot o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . C.a r eg r e a t e rt h a nt o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t s . D.c a nb eg r e a t e rt h a no rl e s st h a nt o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . Bo b a d i l l a 6 1 .Ac o s t v o l u me p r o fi t g r a p hr e fl e c t sr e l a t i o n s h i p s A.t h a t a r ee x p e c t e dt oh o l do v e rt h er e l e v a n t r a n g e . B.o f r e s u l t so v e rt h ep a s t f e wy e a r s . C.t h a t t h ec o mp a n y ' sma n a g e r swo u l dl i k et oh a v eh a p p e n . D.l i k e l yt op r e v a i l f o rt h ei n d u s t r y . 6 5 .Ani n c r e a s ei nt h ei n c o met a xr a t e A.r a i s e st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t . B.l o we r st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t . C.d e c r e a s e ss a l e sr e q u i r e dt oe a r nap a r t i c u l a ra f t e r t a xp r o fi t . D.i n c r e a s e ss a l e sr e q u i r e dt oe a r nap a r t i c u l a ra f t e r t a xp r o fi t . Bo b a d i l l a 6 6 .I f t h es a l e smi xs h i f t st o wa r dh i g h e r c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np r o d u c t s , t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t A.d e c r e a s e s . B.i n c r e a s e s . C.r e ma i n sc o n s t a n t . D.i t i si mp o s s i b l et ot e l l wi t h o u t mo r ei n f o r ma t i o n . Bo b a d i l l a 6 2 .Th ef o l l o wi n gd i a g r a mi sac o s t v o l u me p r o fi t g r a p hf o rama n u f a c t u r i n gc o mp a n y . E P 6 7 .T a r g e t c o s t i n gi s A.as u b s t i t u t ef o r CVPa n a l y s i s . B.u s e db yc o mp a n i e st h a t c a n n o t c l a s s i f yt h e i r c o s t sb yb e h a v i o r . C.i n a p p r o p r i a t ei f ac o mp a n yh a sa l r e a d ye s t a b l i s h e dat a r g e t p r o fi t . D.u s e di nd e c i s i o n st oo ff e r an e wp r o d u c t o re n t e ran e wma r k e t . C D A B Bo b a d i l l a 6 8 .I no r d e rf o rt h eb r e a k e v e nc o mp u t a t i o nt ob eme a n i n g f u l t oma n a g e me n t , s a l e smi xs h o u l db e c o mp u t e du s i n gt h e A.e x p e c t e dmi x C.mo s t d e s i r a b l emi x B.l e a s t d e s i r a b l emi x D.t r a d i t i o n a l mi x Bo b a d i l l a O Vol ume Th ed i ff e r e n c eb e t we e nl i n eABa n dl i n eAC( a r e aBAC)i st h e A.c o n t r i b u t i o nr a t i o . C.t o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t . B.c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t . D.t o t a l fi x e dc o s t . Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 6 9 .Wh i c ho f t h ef o l l o wi n gi sat r u es t a t e me n t a b o u t s a l e smi x ? A.Pr o fi t sma yd e c l i n ewi t ha ni n c r e a s ei nt o t a lp e s oo fs a l e si ft h es a l e smi xs h i f t st os e l l mo r eo f t h eh i g hc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np r o d u c t . B.Pr o fi t sma yd e c l i n ewi t ha ni n c r e a s ei nt o t a lp e s oo fs a l e si ft h es a l e smi xs h i f t st os e l l mo r eo f t h el o we rc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np r o d u c t . C.Pr o fi t swi l l r e ma i nc o n s t a n t wi t ha ni n c r e a s ei nt o t a l p e s oo f s a l e si f t h et o t a l s a l e si nu n i t s r e ma i n sc o n s t a n t . 6 3 .Se l e c t t h ea n s we rt h a t b e s t d e s c r i b e st h el a b e l e di t e mo nt h ed i a g r a m. A.Ar e aCDEr e p r e s e n t st h ea r e ao f n e t l o s s . B.L i n eACg r a p h st o t a l fi x e dc o s t s . C.Po i n t Dr e p r e s e n t st h ep o i n t a t wh i c ht h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e r u n i t i n c r e a s e s . D.L i n eACg r a p h st o t a l c o s t s . Bo b a d i l l a 102 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s D.Pr o fi t swi l lr e ma i nc o n s t a n twi t had e c r e a s ei nt o t a lp e s oo fs a l e si ft h es a l e smi xa l s o Bo b a d i l l a r e ma i n sc o n s t a n t . T a r g e t n e t p r o fi t Ho wma n yu n i t s a l e sa r er e q u i r e dt oe a r nt h et a r g e t n e t p r o fi t ? A.1 5 , 0 0 0u n i t s C.1 2 , 8 0 0u n i t s B.1 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s D.2 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s PROBLEMS: 1 . Gr e e nCo r p o r a t i o ne x p e c t st os e l l 3 , 0 0 0p l a n t samo n t h . I t so p e r a t i o n sma n a g e re s t i ma t e dt h e f o l l o wi n gmo n t h l yc o s t s : Va r i a b l ec o s t s P7 , 5 0 0 F i x e dc o s t s 1 5 , 0 0 0 Wh a ts a l e sp r i c ep e rp l a n td o e ss h en e e dt oa c h i e v et ob e g i nma k i n gap r o fi ti fs h es e l l st h e e s t i ma t e dn u mb e ro f p l a n t sp e rmo n t h ? A.P7 . 5 1 C.P5 . 0 0 B.P7 . 5 0 D.P2 . 5 0 Bo b a d i l l a 4 2 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 5 . Ca r r i b e a nCo mp a n yp r o d u c e sap r o d u c tt h a ts e l l sf o rP6 0 .Th ev a r i a b l ema n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t s a r eP3 0p e ru n i t .Th efi x e dma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s ti sP1 0p e ru n i tb a s e do nt h ec u r r e n tl e v e l o f a c t i v i t y , a n dfi x e ds e l l i n ga n da d mi n i s t r a t i v ec o s t sa r eP8p e ru n i t . As e l l i n gc o mmi s s i o no f 1 0 % o f t h es e l l i n gp r i c ei sp a i do ne a c hu n i t s o l d . Th ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e r u n i t i s : A.P2 4 . C.P3 0 . B.P3 6 . D.P5 4 . Bo b a d i l l a 6 . Se a lY a r dOr n a me n t ss e l l sl a wno r n a me n t sf o rP1 5e a c h .Se a l ' sc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i oi s 4 0 %.F i x e dc o s t sa r eP3 2 , 0 0 0 .Sh o u l dfi x e dc o s t si n c r e a s e3 0 %,h o wma n ya d d i t i o n a lu n i t s wi l l Se a l h a v et op r o d u c ea n ds e l l i no r d e rt og e n e r a t et h es a men e t p r o fi t a su n d e rt h ec u r r e n t c o n d i t i o n s ? A.1 , 6 0 0 . C.6 , 9 3 3 . B.5 , 3 3 3 . D.1 , 0 6 7 . Bo b a d i l l a 2 . Ano r g a n i z a t i o n ' sb r e a k e v e np o i n t i s4 , 0 0 0u n i t sa t as a l e sp r i c eo f P5 0p e ru n i t , v a r i a b l ec o s t o fP3 0p e ru n i t ,a n dt o t a l fi x e dc o s t so fP8 0 , 0 0 0 .I ft h ec o mp a n ys e l l s5 0 0a d d i t i o n a l u n i t s ,b y h o wmu c hwi l l i t sp r o fi t i n c r e a s e ? A.P2 5 , 0 0 0 C.P1 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 5 , 0 0 0 D.P1 2 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 3 7 . Th eRe dL i o n sBr o t h e r h o o di sp l a n n i n gi t sa n n u a l Ri v e r b o a t Ex t r a v a g a n z a .Th eEx t r a v a g a n z a c o mmi t t e eh a sa s s e mb l e dt h ef o l l o wi n ge x p e c t e dc o s t sf o rt h ee v e n t : Di n n e rp e rp e r s o n P 7 0 Pr o g r a msa n ds o u v e n i rp e rp e r s o n 3 0 Or c h e s t r a 1 5 , 0 0 0 Ti c k e t sa n da d v e r t i s i n g 7 , 0 0 0 Ri v e r b o a t r e n t a l 4 8 , 0 0 0 F l o o rs h o wa n ds t r o l l i n ge n t e r t a i n me n t 1 0 , 0 0 0 Th ec o mmi t t e eme mb e r swo u l dl i k et oc h a r g eP3 0 0p e rp e r s o nf o r t h ee v e n i n g ’ sa c t i v i t i e s . As s u met h a t o n l y2 5 0p e r s o n sa r ee x p e c t e dt oa t t e n dt h ee x t r a v a g a n z a , wh a t t i c k e t p r i c emu s t b ec h a r g e dt ob r e a k e v e n ? A.P4 2 0 C.P3 2 0 B.P3 5 0 D.P3 9 0 Bo b a d i l l a . At ab r e a k e v e np o i n t o f 5 , 0 0 0u n i t ss o l d , v a r i a b l ee x p e n s e swe r eP1 0 , 0 0 0a n dfi x e de x p e n s e s we r eP5 0 , 0 0 0 . Th ep r o fi t f r o mt h e5 , 0 0 1 s t u n i t wo u l db e ? A.P1 0 C.P1 5 B.P5 0 D.P1 2 Bo b a d i l l a 8 . Ga l a c t i c aCo mp a n yh a sfi x e dc o s t so f P1 0 0 , 0 0 0a n db r e a k e v e ns a l e so f P8 0 0 , 0 0 0 .Ba s e do n t h i sr e l a t i o n s h i p , wh a t i si t sp r o j e c t e dp r o fi t a t P1 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0s a l e s ? A.P5 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 5 0 , 0 0 0 B.P2 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 9 . Th es a l e sp r i c ep e ru n i t wi l l i n c r e a s ef r o mP3 2t oP4 0 . Th ev a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t wi l l r e ma i na t P2 4 ,a n dt h efi x e dc o s t swi l l r e ma i nu n c h a n g e da tP4 0 0 , 0 0 0 .Ho wma n yf e we ru n i t smu s tb e s o l dt ob r e a k e v e na t t h en e ws a l e sp r i c eo f P4 0p e ru n i t ? A.2 5 , 0 0 0 C.1 0 , 0 0 0 B.2 , 5 0 0 D.1 2 , 5 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 4 . Co n s i d e rt h ef o l l o wi n g : F i x e de x p e n s e s Un i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n P7 8 , 0 0 0 1 2 103 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s 1 5 1 0 . Th eHa r dCo mp a n ys e l l swi d g e t s .Th ec o mp a n yb r e a k se v e na ta na n n u a ls a l e sv o l u meo f 8 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s .Ata na n n u a ls a l e sv o l u meo f1 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t st h ec o mp a n yr e p o r t sap r o fi to f P2 2 0 , 0 0 0 .Th ea n n u a l fi x e dc o s t sf o rt h eHa r dCo mp a n ya r e : A.P 8 8 0 , 0 0 0 C.P 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 , 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a .I n2 0 0 6L u c i aCo mp a n yh a dan e tl o s so fP8 , 0 0 0 .Th ec o mp a n ys e l l so n ep r o d u c twi t ha s e l l i n gp r i c eo fP8 0a n dav a r i a b l ec o s tp e ru n i to fP6 0 .I n2 0 0 7 ,t h ec o mp a n ywo u l dl i k et o e a r nab e f o r e t a xp r o fi t o f P4 0 , 0 0 0 .Ho wma n ya d d i t i o n a l u n i t smu s t t h ec o mp a n ys e l l i n2 0 0 7 t h a ni t s o l di n2 0 0 6 ?As s u met h a t t h et a xr a t ei s4 0p e r c e n t . A.1 , 6 0 0 C.2 , 0 0 0 B.2 , 4 0 0 D.5 , 4 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 1 . Al b a t r o s sCo mp a n yh a sfi x e dc o s t so fP9 0 , 3 0 0 .Atas a l e sv o l u meo fP3 6 0 , 0 0 0 ,r e t u r no n s a l e si s1 0 %; a t aP6 0 0 , 0 0 0v o l u me , r e t u r no ns a l e si s2 0 %.Wh a t i st h eb r e a k e v e nv o l u me ? A.P2 2 5 , 0 0 0 C.P3 0 1 , 0 0 0 B.P2 5 8 , 0 0 0 D.P2 4 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 6 . Bu l u s a nCo mp a n yh a ss a l e so fP4 0 0 , 0 0 0wi t hv a r i a b l ec o s t so fP3 0 0 , 0 0 0 ,fi x e dc o s t so f P1 2 0 , 0 0 0 ,a n da no p e r a t i n gl o s so fP2 0 , 0 0 0 .Ho wmu c hi n c r e a s ei ns a l e swo u l dBu l u s a n n e e dt oma k ei no r d e r t oa c h i e v eat a r g e t o p e r a t i n gi n c o meo f 1 0 %o f s a l e s ? A.P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P5 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P4 6 2 , 0 0 0 D.P8 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 . Ane n t i t yh a sfi x e dc o s t so fP2 0 0 , 0 0 0a n dv a r i a b l ec o s t sp e ru n i to fP6 .I tp l a n so ns e l l i n g 4 0 , 0 0 0u n i t si nt h ec o mi n gy e a r .I f t h ee n t i t yp a y si n c o met a x e so ni t si n c o mea t ar a t eo f 4 0 %, wh a t s a l e sp r i c emu s t t h efi r mu s et oo b t a i na na f t e r t a xp r o fi t o f P2 4 , 0 0 0o nt h e4 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s ? A.P1 1 . 6 0 C.P1 2 . 0 0 B.P1 1 . 3 6 D.P1 2 . 5 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 7 . Th ef o l l o wi n gd a t aa p p l yt oDi v aCo r p o r a t i o nf o rt h ey e a r 2 0 0 6 : T o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t P3 . 5 0 Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n / s a l e s 3 0 % Br e a k e v e ns a l e s( p r e s e n t v o l u me ) P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Di v awa n t st os e l l a na d d i t i o n a l 5 0 , 0 0 0u n i t sa t t h es a mes e l l i n gp r i c ea n dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n p e ru n i t .Byh o wmu c hc a nfi x e dc o s t si n c r e a s et og e n e r a t eag r o s sma r g i ne q u a l t o1 0 %o f t h es a l e sv a l u eo f t h ea d d i t i o n a l 5 0 , 0 0 0u n i t st ob es o l d ? A.P5 0 , 0 0 0 C.P6 7 , 5 0 0 B.P5 7 , 5 0 0 D.P1 2 5 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 3 . Th ef o l l o wi n gi st h eL u xCo r p o r a t i o n ' sc o n t r i b u t i o nf o r ma t i n c o mes t a t e me n t f o r l a s t mo n t h : Sa l e s P2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 L e s sv a r i a b l ee x p e n s e s 1 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 L e s sfi x e de x p e n s e s 3 6 0 , 0 0 0 Ne t i n c o me P2 4 0 , 0 0 0 Th ec o mp a n yh a sn ob e g i n n i n go re n d i n gi n v e n t o r i e s .At o t a l o f4 0 , 0 0 0u n i t swe r ep r o d u c e d a n ds o l dl a s t mo n t h . Wh a t i st h ec o mp a n y ' sd e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g e ? A.0 . 1 2 C.2 . 5 0 B.0 . 4 0 D.3 . 3 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 8 . Ma r s ma nCo mp a n yh a dama r g i no fs a f e t yr a t i oo f2 0 %,v a r i a b l ec o s t so f6 0 %o fs a l e s , fi x e d c o s t so fP2 4 0 , 0 0 0 ,ab r e a k e v e np o i n to fP6 0 0 , 0 0 0 ,a n da no p e r a t i n gi n c o meo fP6 0 , 0 0 0f o r t h ec u r r e n t y e a r .Wh a t a r et h ec u r r e n t y e a r ' ss a l e s ? A.P5 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P7 5 0 , 0 0 0 B.P6 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P9 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 4 . De l ma rCo mp a n yh a st h eo p p o r t u n i t yt oi n c r e a s ei t sa n n u a l s a l e sb yP1 2 5 , 0 0 0b ys e l l i n gt oa n e w,r i s k i e rg r o u po fc u s t o me r s . Th eu n c o l l e c t i b l ee x p e n s ei se x p e c t e dt ob e1 0 %,a n d c o l l e c t i o nc o s t swi l l b e1 0 %.Th ec o mp a n y ’ sma n u f a c t u r i n ga n ds e l l i n ge x p e n s e sa r e7 0 %o f s a l e s ,a n di t se ff e c t i v et a xr a t ei s4 0 %. I fDe l ma rwe r et oa c c e p tt h i so p p o r t u n i t y ,t h e c o mp a n y ’ sa f t e rt a xp r o fi t swo u l di n c r e a s eb y A.P7 , 5 0 0 C.P1 2 , 5 0 0 B.P6 , 0 0 0 D.P1 5 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 9 . Re g a l ,I n c .s e l l sPr o d u c tMf o rP5p e ru n i t .Th efi x e dc o s t sa r eP2 1 0 , 0 0 0a n dt h ev a r i a b l e c o s t sa r e6 0 %o f t h es e l l i n gp r i c e .Wh a t wo u l db et h ea mo u n t o f s a l e si f Re g a l i st or e a l i z ea p r o fi t o f 1 0 %o f s a l e s ? A.P7 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P5 2 5 , 0 0 0 B.P4 7 2 , 5 0 0 D.P4 2 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 2 0 . Th ef o l l o wi n ge c o n o mi cd a t awe r ep r o v i d e db yt h ec o r p o r a t ep l a n n i n gs t a ffo f He a v e n , I n c . : Sa l e sv o l u me 3 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s 104 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s Sa l e sp r i c ep e ru n i t Un i t v a r i a b l ec o s t s : Va r i a b l ema n u f a c t u r i n g Ot h e rv a r i a b l ec o s t s Un i t v a r i a b l ec o s t s Un i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n P3 0 A.3 , 5 0 0 B.4 , 0 0 0 P1 3 8 P2 1 P8 . Th eT a n k e r Co mp a n ye s t i ma t e dt h ef o l l o wi n gd a t af o r t h ec o mi n gy e a r : F i x e dma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t s Va r i a b l ep r o d u c t i o nc o s t sp e r p e s oo f s a l e s Ma t e r i a l s Di r e c t l a b o r Va r i a b l eo v e r h e a d Va r i a b l es e l l i n gc o s t sp e rp e s oo f s a l e s T a n k e re s t i ma t e si t ss a l e sf o rt h ec o mi n gy e a r t ob eP2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . Th ee x p e c t e dc o s t o f g o o d ss o l df o r t h ec o mi n gy e a ri s A.P1 , 2 6 5 , 0 0 0 C.P1 , 5 6 5 , 0 0 0 B.P1 , 1 1 5 , 0 0 0 D.P 7 0 0 , 0 0 0 P 0 . 1 2 5 0 . 1 5 0 0 . 0 7 5 0 . 1 5 0 Bo b a d i l l a . Atas a l e sv o l u mel e v e lo f2 , 2 5 0u n i t s ,Ba l u a r t eCo mp a n y ’ sc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ni so n ea n d o n e h a l fo ft h efi x e dc o s t so fP3 6 , 0 0 0 .Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ni s3 0 % Ho wmu c hp e s os a l e s s h o u l dt h eBa l u a r t eCo mp a n ys e l l t oe a r n1 0p e r c e n t o f s a l e s ? A.P2 7 0 , 0 0 0 C.P3 6 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 8 0 , 0 0 0 D.P5 4 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a . In planning its operations for next year based on a sales forecast of P6,000,000, Herran, Inc. prepared the following estimated costs and expenses: F i x e d 1 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 2 4 0 , 0 0 0 6 0 , 0 0 0 P3 , 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 Wh a t wo u l db et h ea mo u n t o f p e s os a l e sa t t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t ? A.P2 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 . C.P4 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . B.P3 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 . D.P5 , 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . P5 6 5 , 0 0 0 2 4 2 1 Va r i a b l e Bo b a d i l l a 2 3 F i x e dc o s t s : Ma n u f a c t u r i n g P1 5 0 , 0 0 0 Ot h e rfi x e dc o s t s P5 0 , 0 0 0 T o t a l fi x e dc o s t s P2 0 0 , 0 0 0 Th ema n a g e me n ti sc o n s i d e r i n gi n s t a l l i n gan e w,a u t o ma t e dma n u f a c t u r i n gp r o c e s st h a twi l l i n c r e a s efi x e dc o s t sb yP5 0 , 0 0 0a n dr e d u c ev a r i a b l ema n u f a c t u r i n gc o s tb yP3p e ru n i t .Th e ma n a g e me n t s e t at a r g e t ap r o fi t o f P7 0 , 0 0 0b e f o r ea n da f t e rt h ea c q u i s i t i o no f t h ea u t o ma t e d ma c h i n e .Af t e ri n s t a l l a t i o no ft h ea u t o ma t e dma c h i n e ,wh a twi l lb et h ec h a n g ei nt h eu n i t s r e q u i r e dt oa c h i e v et h et a r g e t p r o fi t ? A.6 , 6 6 7u n i t i n c r e a s e C.3 , 3 3 3u n i t d e c r e a s e B.5 , 6 6 7u n i t d e c r e a s e D.4 , 3 3 3u n i t d e c r e a s e Bo b a d i l l a Di r e c t ma t e r i a l sP1 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 Di r e c t l a b o r F a c t o r yo v e r h e a d Se l l i n ge x p e n s e s Ad mi n i s t r a t i v ee x p e n s e s C.4 , 5 0 0 D.6 , 0 0 0 2 5 . Th eAl p i n eCo mp a n y ’ sy e a r e n di n c o mes t a t e me n t i sa sf o l l o ws : Sa l e s( 2 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s ) P3 6 0 , 0 0 0 Va r i a b l ec o s t s 2 2 0 , 0 0 0 Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n P1 4 0 , 0 0 0 F i x e dc o s t s 1 0 5 , 0 0 0 Ne t i n c o me P3 5 , 0 0 0 Al p i n e ’ sma n a g e me n ti su n h a p p ywi t ht h er e s u l t sa n dp l a n st oma k es o mec h a n g e sf o rn e x t y e a r .I fma n a g e me n ti mp l e me n t san e wma r k e t i n gp r o g r a m,fi x e dc o s t sa r ee x p e c t e dt o i n c r e a s eb yP1 9 , 2 0 0a n dv a r i a b l ec o s t st oi n c r e a s eb yP1p e ru n i t .Un i t s a l e sa r ee x p e c t e dt o i n c r e a s eb y1 5p e r c e n t . P9 0 0 , 0 0 0 3 6 0 , 0 0 0 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 P1 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 2 2 . Th eEx p r e s s i v eCo mp a n yc u r r e n t l yh a sfi x e dc o s to fP7 7 0 , 5 0 0 . Th i sc o s ti se x p e c t e dt o i n c r e a s eb yP1 0 3 , 5 0 0i ft h ec o mp a n ye x p a n d si t sp r o d u c t i o nf a c i l i t i e s .Cu r r e n t l y ,i ts e l l si t s p r o d u c tf o rP4 7 .Th ep r o d u c th a sav a r i a b l ec o s tp e ru n i to fP2 4 .Ho wma n ymo r eu n i t smu s t t h ec o mp a n ys e l l t ob r e a ke v e n ,a tt h ec u r r e n ts a l e sp r i c ep e ru n i t ,t h a ni td i dt ob r e a ke v e n p r i o rt ot h ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t ? Wh a t i st h ee ff e c t o ni n c o mei f t h ef o r e g o i n gc h a n g e sa r ei mp l e me n t e d ? A.d e c r e a s eo f P2 1 , 2 0 0 C.i n c r e a s eo f P1 , 8 0 0 B.i n c r e a s eo f P1 3 , 8 0 0 D.i n c r e a s eo f P1 4 , 8 0 0 105 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) Bo b a d i l l a lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s 2 6 . Me r c a d o , I n c . h a dt h ef o l l o wi n ge c o n o mi cd a t af o r 2 0 0 7 : Ne t s a l e s Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n Ma r g i no f s a f e t y Wh a t i sMe r c a d o ’ sb r e a k e v e np o i n t i n2 0 0 7 ? A.P3 6 0 , 0 0 0 C.P3 2 0 , 0 0 0 B.P2 8 8 , 0 0 0 D.P8 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 .I n f o r ma t i o nc o n c e r n i n gt h e2 0 0 7fi n a n c i a l p r o j e c t i o n so f t h eSi l v e rCo mp a n yi sa sf o l l o ws : Ne t s a l e so f P3 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . F i x e dc o s t so f P8 0 0 , 0 0 0 . P0 . 6 5i n c r e a s ei nc o s t o f s a l e sf o r e a c hp e s oi n c r e a s ei nn e t s a l e s . Wh a t i st h ep r o j e c t e dc o s t o f s a l e sf o r2 0 0 7 ? A.P 9 5 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 , 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 B.P2 , 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 , 8 5 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 6 0 , 0 0 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 2 7 . Ma r q u e zCo .ma n u f a c t u r e sas i n g l ep r o d u c t .F o r2 0 0 6 ,t h ec o mp a n yh a ds a l e so fP9 0 , 0 0 0 , v a r i a b l ec o s t so f P5 0 , 0 0 0 , a n dfi x e dc o s t so f P3 0 , 0 0 0 .Ma r q u e ze x p e c t si t sc o s t s t r u c t u r ea n d s a l e sp r i c ep e ru n i tt or e ma i nt h es a mei n2 0 0 7 ;h o we v e rt o t a l s a l e sa r ee x p e c t e dt oj u mpb y 2 0 %.I ft h e2 0 0 7p r o j e c t i o n sa r er e a l i z e d ,n e ti n c o mei n2 0 0 7s h o u l de x c e e dn e ti n c o mei n 2 0 0 6b y A.1 0 0 % C. 2 0 % B. 8 0 % D. 5 0 % Bo b a d i l l a 3 1 . Th eCh i l d l e s sCo mp a n ys e l l swi d g e t s .Th ec o mp a n yb r e a k se v e na ta na n n u a l s a l e sv o l u me o f 7 5 , 0 0 0u n i t s . Ac t u a la n n u a ls a l e sv o l u mewa s1 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s ,a n dt h ec o mp a n yr e p o r t e dap r o fi to f P2 0 0 , 0 0 0 .Th ea n n u a l fi x e dc o s t sf o r t h eCh i l d l e s sCo mp a n ya r e A.P8 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P2 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P6 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 5 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 2 8 . Be l o wi st h ei n c o mes t a t e me n t f o rHa r p oCo . f o r2 0 0 6 : Sa l e s P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 Va r i a b l ec o s t s ( 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 ) Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n P2 7 5 , 0 0 0 F i x e dc o s t s ( 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) Pr o fi t b e f o r et a x P7 5 , 0 0 0 As s u mi n gt h a tt h efi x e dc o s t sa r ee x p e c t e dt or e ma i na tP2 0 0 , 0 0 0f o r2 0 0 7 ,a n dt h es a l e s p r i c ep e ru n i t a n dv a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t a r ea l s oe x p e c t e dt or e ma i nc o n s t a n t , h o wmu c hp r o fi t b e f o r et a xwi l l b ep r o d u c e di ft h ec o mp a n ya n t i c i p a t e s2 0 0 7s a l e sr i s i n gt o1 3 0 %o ft h e2 0 0 6 l e v e l ? A.P9 7 , 5 0 0 C.P1 9 5 , 0 0 0 B.P1 5 7 , 5 0 0 D.P1 8 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 3 2 . Th ec o s t st op r o d u c e2 4 , 0 0 0u n i t sa t 7 0 %c a p a c i t ya r e : Di r e c t ma t e r i a l s P3 6 , 0 0 0 Di r e c t l a b o r 5 4 , 0 0 0 F a c t o r yo v e r h e a d , a l l fi x e d 2 9 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n ge x p e n s e( 3 5 %v a r i a b l e , 6 5 %fi x e d ) 2 4 , 0 0 0 Wh a tu n i tp r i c ewo u l dt h ec o mp a n yh a v et oc h a r g et oma k eP2 , 2 5 0o nas a l eo f1 , 5 0 0 a d d i t i o n a l u n i t st h a t wo u l db es h i p p e do u t o f t h en o r ma l ma r k e t a r e a ? A.P5 . 1 0 C.P4 . 1 0 B.P5 . 6 0 D.P5 . 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 3 3 . Th eMa n d a r i nCo mp a n y ' sp r o d u c t mi xi n c l u d e sP7 2 0 , 0 0 0i ns a l eo f Xa n dP6 4 0 , 0 0 0i ns a l eo f Y .X' sc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ni s6 0 %a n dY' si s4 0 %o fs a l e s .F i x e dc o s t sa mo u n tt oP5 0 5 , 8 8 1 . Y' ss a l ea t b r e a k e v e np o i n t s h o u l da mo u n t t o A.P6 4 0 , 0 0 0 C.P5 2 9 , 4 9 0 B.P7 2 0 , 0 0 0 D.P4 7 0 , 5 9 0 Bo b a d i l l a 2 9 . Al mo sCo r p o r a t i o np r o d u c e sap r o d u c t t h a t s e l l sf o rP1 0p e ru n i t .Th ev a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t i s P6a n dt o t a l fi x e dc o s t sa r eP1 2 , 0 0 0 .At t h i ss e l l i n gp r i c e , t h ec o mp a n ye a r n sap r o fi t e q u a l t o 1 0 %o ft o t a lp e s os a l e s .Byr e d u c i n gi t ss e l l i n gp r i c et oP9p e ru n i t ,t h ema n u f a c t u r e rc a n i n c r e a s ei t su n i ts a l e sv o l u meb y2 5 %.As s u met h a tt h e r ea r en ot a x e sa n dt h a tt o t a lfi x e d c o s t sa n dv a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t r e ma i nu n c h a n g e d .I f t h es e l l i n gp r i c ewe r er e d u c e dt oP9p e r u n i t , t h ec o mp a n y ’ sp r o fi t wo u l dh a v eb e e n A.P3 , 0 0 0 . C.P5 , 0 0 0 . B.P4 , 0 0 0 . D.P6 , 0 0 0 . Bo b a d i l l a 3 4 .L e v i ’ sCo mp a n yh a sr e v e n u e so f P5 0 0 , 0 0 0 ,v a r i a b l ec o s t so fP3 0 0 , 0 0 0 ,a n d p r e t a xp r o fi to f P1 5 0 , 0 0 0 .Ha dt h ec o mp a n yi n c r e a s e dt h es a l e sp r i c ep e ru n i tb y1 0 %,r e d u c e dfi x e dc o s t s b y2 0 %,a n dl e f tv a r i a b l ec o s tp e ru n i tu n c h a n g e d ,wh a two u l dt h en e wb r e a k e v e np o i n ti n p e s o sh a v eb e e n ? 106 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s A.P8 8 , 0 0 0 B.P8 0 , 0 0 0 3 9 C.P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . At4 0 , 0 0 0u n i t so fs a l e s ,Be n e v o l e n tCo r p o r a t i o nh a da no p e r a t i n gl o s so fP3 . 0 0p e ru n i t . Wh e ns a l e swe r e7 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s ,t h ec o mp a n yh a dap r o fi to fP1 . 2 0p e ru n i t .Th en u mb e ro f u n i t st ob r e a k e v e ni s A.3 5 , 0 0 0 C.4 5 , 0 0 0 B.5 2 , 5 0 0 D.5 7 , 6 4 7 Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 3 5 . Afi r mh a sfi x e dc o s t so f P2 0 0 , 0 0 0a n dv a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t o f P6 .I t p l a n st os e l l 4 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s i nt h ec o mi n gy e a r .I ft h efi r mp a y si n c o met a x e so ni t si n c o mea tar a t eo f4 0 %,wh a ts a l e s p r i c emu s t t h efi r mu s et oo b t a i na na f t e r t a xp r o fi t o f P2 4 , 0 0 0 ? A.P1 1 . 6 0 C.P1 1 . 3 6 B.P1 2 . 0 0 D.P1 2 . 5 0 Bo b a d i l l a 4 0 . Th ef o l l o wi n gi n f o r ma t i o np e r t a i n st oHe n n i nCo r p o r a t i o nf o rt h ey e a re n d i n gDe c e mb e r3 1 , 2 0 0 6 : Bu d g e t e ds a l e s P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Br e a k e v e ns a l e s 7 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bu d g e t e dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 Ca s h fl o wb r e a k e v e n 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 Th ema r g i no f s a f e t yf o rt h eHe n n i nCo r p o r a t i o ni s : A.P3 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P5 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P8 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 3 6 . Be l o wi st h ei n c o mes t a t e me n t f o rBl e n d e rCo . f o r 2 0 0 7 : Sa l e s Va r i a b l ec o s t s Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n F i x e dc o s t s Pr o fi t b e f o r et a x Wh a t i st h ed e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g ef o rBl e n d e rCo mp a n yf o r 2 0 0 7 ? A.3 . 6 7 C.5 . 3 3 B.1 . 4 5 D.1 . 6 7 P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 ( 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 ) P2 7 5 , 0 0 0 ( 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) P7 5 , 0 0 0 4 1 . Ba l b o a , I n c . h a dt h ef o l l o wi n ge c o n o mi ci n f o r ma t i o nf o r t h ey e a r2 0 0 6 : Sa l e s( 5 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s@ P2 0 ) P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Va r i a b l ema n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t s 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 F i x e dc o s t s 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 I n c o met a xr a t e 4 0p e r c e n t Ba l b o a ,I n c .b u d g e t si t s2 0 0 7s a l e sa t6 0 , 0 0 0u n i t so rP1 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 .Th ec o mp a n ya n t i c i p a t e s a ni n c r e a s e dc o mp e t i t i o n ; h e n c e , a na d d i t i o n a l P7 5 , 0 0 0a d v e r t i s i n gc o s t si sb u d g e t e di no r d e r t oma i n t a i ni t ss a l e st a r g e t f o r 2 0 0 7 . Bo b a d i l l a 3 7 .F o o dF a c t o r y ,I n c .s e l l sl o o s eb i s c u i t sf o rP5p e ru n i t .Th efi x e dc o s t sa r eP2 1 0 , 0 0 0a n dt h e v a r i a b l ec o s t sa r e4 5 %o ft h es e l l i n gp r i c e . Wh a two u l db et h ea mo u n to fs a l e si fF o o d F a c t o r y , I n c . we r et or e a l i z eap r o fi t o f 1 5 %o f s a l e s ? A.P7 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P5 2 5 , 0 0 0 B.P4 7 2 , 5 0 0 D.P4 2 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a Wh a ti st h ea mo u n to fp e s os a l e sn e e d e df o r2 0 0 7i no r d e rt oe q u a lt h ea f t e r t a xi n c o mei n 2 0 0 6 ? A.P1 , 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 C.P1 , 3 2 5 , 0 0 0 B.P1 , 1 8 7 , 5 0 0 D.P1 , 3 8 7 , 5 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 3 8 . Th eOp p o s i t i o nSa l e sCo r p o r a t i o ni se x p e c t i n ga ni n c r e a s eo ffi x e dc o s t sb yP7 8 , 7 5 0u p o n mo v i n gt h e i r p l a c eo f b u s i n e s st ot h ed o wn t o wna r e a .Th ec o mp a n ya n t i c i p a t e st h a t t h es e l l i n g p r i c ep e ru n i ta n dt h ev a r i a b l ee x p e n s e swi l ln o tc h a n g e . Atp r e s e n t ,t h es a l e sv o l u me n e c e s s a r yt ob r e a k e v e ni sP7 5 0 , 0 0 0b u twi t ht h ee x p e c t e di n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t s ,t h es a l e s v o l u men e c e s s a r yt ob r e a k e v e nwo u l dg ou pt oP9 7 5 , 0 0 0 . 4 2 . Mauresmo Company developed the following information for the year ended December 31, 2007: Ba s e do nt h e s ep r o j e c t i o n s , wh a t we r et h et o t a l fi x e dc o s t sb e f o r et h ei n c r e a s eo f P7 8 , 7 5 0 ? A.P3 4 1 , 2 5 0 C.P1 8 3 , 7 5 0 B.P2 6 2 , 5 0 0 D.P3 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a Un i t sSo l d Sa l e s Va r i a b l ec o s t s 107 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) Pr o d u c t A 4 , 0 0 0 Pr o d u c t B 6 , 0 0 0 T o t a l 1 0 , 0 0 0 P1 2 , 0 0 0 6 , 0 0 0 P2 7 , 0 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 P3 9 , 0 0 0 2 1 , 0 0 0 lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n P6 , 0 0 0 P1 2 , 0 0 0 1 8 , 0 0 0 F i x e dc o s t s 1 2 , 6 0 0 Ne t i n c o me P5 , 4 0 0 I f t h es a l e smi xc h a n g e st o5 , 0 0 0u n i t so f Pr o d u c t Aa n d5 , 0 0 0u n i t so f Pr o d u c t B, t h ee ff e c t o n t h ec o mp a n y ’ sb r e a k e v e np o i n t wo u l db e A.t oi n c r e a s ei t b y2 0 0u n i t s . C.t oi n c r e a s ei t b y1 , 2 0 0u n i t s . B.t od e c r e a s ei t b y2 0 0u n i t s . D.n oc h a n g e . Bo b a d i l l a Pr o d u c t A: 1 2u n i t s@ P5 . 2 5s a l e sp r i c e ; P4 . 8 5v a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t . Pr o d u c t B: 1 0u n i t s@ P7 . 5 0s a l e sp r i c e ; P6 . 9 5v a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t . Pr o d u c t C: 6u n i t s@ P1 2 . 2 5s a l e sp r i c e ; P1 0 . 3 5v a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t . Di a l En t e r p r i s e ' sfi x e dc o s t sa r eP7 5 , 9 5 0 . Wh a t a r et h ec o mp o s i t eb r e a k e v e np o i n t ? A.9 8 , 0 0 0 B. 2 , 0 0 0 4 3 . Menor Company sells two products with the following per unit data: St a n d a r d De l u x e Se l l i n gp r i c e / u n i t P7 5 P1 2 0 4 5 6 0 Va r i a b l ec o s t s / u n i t Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n / u n i t P3 0 P6 0 Sa l e smi x 3 2 I ffi x e dc o s t sa r eP6 3 0 , 0 0 0 ,t h en u mb e ro fs t a n d a r da n dd e l u x eu n i t st h a tMe n o rmu s ts e l l t o b r e a ke v e ni s Bo b a d i l l a A.1 , 8 0 0s t a n d a r da n d1 , 2 0 0d e l u x e . C.9 , 0 0 0s t a n d a r da n d6 , 0 0 0d e l u x e . B.3 , 6 0 0s t a n d a r da n d2 , 4 0 0d e l u x e . D.2 1 , 0 0 0s t a n d a r da n d1 4 , 0 0 0d e l u x e . C. 3 , 5 0 0 D. 4 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 4 6 . Al e x a n d r aCo . p r o v i d e st wop r o d u c t s , Ve l v e t a n dCo t t o n . Ve l v e t a c c o u n t sf o r6 0p e r c e n t o f t o t a l s a l e s .Th ev a r i a b l ec o s t sa sap e r c e n t a g eo fs e l l i n gp r i c e sa r e6 0 %f o rVe l v e ta n d8 5 %f o r Co t t o n . T o t a l fi x e dc o s t sa r eP2 2 5 , 0 0 0 . I ffi x e dc o s t swi l l i n c r e a s eb y3 0p e r c e n t ,wh a ta mo u n to fp e s os a l e swo u l db en e c e s s a r yt o g e n e r a t ea no p e r a t i n gp r o fi t o f P4 8 , 0 0 0 ? A.P1 , 3 5 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 , 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 B.P 4 8 6 , 4 2 5 D.P 9 1 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 4 7 .L a s tmo n t h ,Za mo r aCo mp a n yh a da ni n c o meo fP0 . 7 5p e ru n i twi t hs a l e so f6 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s . Du r i n gt h ec u r r e n t mo n t hwh e nt h eu n i t s a l e sa r ee x p e c t e dt ob eo n l y4 5 , 0 0 0 , t h e r ei sal o s so f P1 . 2 5p e ru n i t .Bo t ht h ev a r i a b l ec o s t p e r u n i t a n dt o t a l fi x e dc o s t sr e ma i nc o n s t a n t . 4 4 . The following are projections about the two products of Dorine Company, baubles and trinkets, for the coming year: Sa l e s Co s t s F i x e d Va r i a b l e Ba u b l e s Un i t s Amo u n t 1 0 , 0 0 0 P1 0 , 0 0 0 T r i n k e t s Un i t s Amo u n t T o t a l 7 , 5 0 0 P1 0 , 0 0 0 P2 0 , 0 0 0 P2 , 0 0 0 6 , 0 0 0 P8 , 0 0 0 P2 , 0 0 0 P5 , 6 0 0 P7 , 6 0 0 3 , 0 0 0 9 , 0 0 0 P8 , 6 0 0 P1 6 , 6 0 0 P1 , 4 0 0 P3 , 4 0 0 I n c o meb e f o r et a x e s Th efi x e dc o s t sa mo u n t e dt o A.P8 0 , 0 0 0 B.P2 4 7 , 5 0 0 A. 6 , 9 0 9 6 , 9 0 9 B. 6 , 9 0 9 5 , 1 8 2 C. 5 , 0 0 0 8 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 4 8 . By t e sCo mp a n yi sar e t a i l e ro f v i d e od i s k s .Th ep r o j e c t e da f t e r t a xi n c o mef o rt h ec u r r e n t y e a r i sP1 2 0 , 0 0 0b a s e do nas a l e sv o l u meo f 2 0 0 , 0 0 0v i d e od i s k s .By t e sh a sb e e ns e l l i n gt h ed i s k s a t P1 6e a c h .Th ev a r i a b l ec o s t sc o n s i s t o f t h eP1 0p e ru n i t p u r c h a s ep r i c eo f t h ed i s k sa n da h a n d l i n gc o s t o f P2p e rd i s k .By t e s ’ a n n u a l fi x e dc o s t sa r eP6 0 0 , 0 0 0 , a n dBy t e si ss u b j e c t t oa 4 0 %i n c o met a xr a t e .Ma n a g e me n ti sp l a n n i n gf o rt h ec o mi n gy e a rwh e ni te x p e c t st h a tt h e u n i t p u r c h a s ep r i c eo f t h ev i d e od i s k swi l l i n c r e a s e3 0 %. Assuming that the customers purchase composite units of four baubles and three trinkets, the breakeven output for the two products would be Bo b a d i l l a Ba u b l e s T r i n k e t s C.P3 6 0 , 0 0 0 D.P2 1 0 , 0 0 0 D. 5 , 0 0 0 6 , 0 0 0 By t e sCo mp a n y ’ sb r e a k e v e np o i n t f o r t h ec u r r e n t y e a r i nn u mb e ro f v i d e od i s k si s A.1 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s C. 5 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s B.1 5 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s D. 6 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s 4 5 . Th es a l e smi xf o rDi a l En t e r p r i s ei sa sf o l l o ws : 108 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) Bo b a d i l l a lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s Sa l e s 1 5 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s Se l l i n gp r i c e P2 5p e ru n i t Va r i a b l ema n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t s P1 5p e ru n i t F i x e dma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t s P8 0 0 , 0 0 0 F i x e ds e l l i n gc o s t s P7 0 0 , 0 0 0 Ana d v e r t i s i n ga g e n c yc l a i mst h a t a na g g r e s s i v ea d v e r t i s i n gc a mp a i g nwo u l de n a b l eSa n t o st o i n c r e a s ei t su n i ts a l e sb y2 0 %.Wh a ti st h ema x i mu ma mo u n tt h a tSa n t o sCo mp a n yc a np a y f o ra d v e r t i s i n ga n dh a v ea no p e r a t i n gp r o fi t o f P2 0 0 , 0 0 0n e x t y e a r ? A.P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P3 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P2 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P5 5 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 4 9 . Al o n z oCo r p o r a t i o nh a ds a l e so f P1 2 0 , 0 0 0f o rt h emo n t ho f Ma y .I t h a sama r g i no f s a f e t yr a t i o o f2 5p e r c e n t ,a n da na f t e r t a xr e t u r no ns a l e so f6p e r c e n t .Th ec o mp a n ya s s u me si t ss a l e s b e i n gc o n s t a n t e v e r ymo n t h . I f t h et a xr a t ei s4 0p e r c e n t , h o wmu c hi st h ea n n u a l fi x e dc o s t ? A.P3 6 , 0 0 0 C.P9 0 , 0 0 0 B.P4 3 2 , 0 0 0 D.P3 6 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 5 0 . Cu l t u r e dCo mp a n yi sama n u f a c t u r e ro f i t so n l yo n ep r o d u c t l i n e .I t h a ds a l e so fP4 0 0 , 0 0 0f o r 2 0 0 7wi t hac o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i oo f 2 0p e r c e n t .I t sma r g i no f s a f e t yr a t i owa s1 0p e r c e n t . Wh a t a r et h ec o mp a n y ’ sfi x e dc o s t s ? A.P7 2 , 0 0 0 B.P2 8 8 , 0 0 0 C.P8 0 , 0 0 0 D.P3 2 0 , 0 0 0 5 3 . Ad v e n t u r o u sCo . i sc o n s i d e r i n gd r o p p i n gap r o d u c t .Va r i a b l ec o s t sa r eP6 0 . 0 0p e ru n i t .F i x e d o v e r h e a dc o s t s , e x c l u s i v eo f d e p r e c i a t i o n ,h a v eb e e na l l o c a t e da t ar a t eo f P3 . 5 0p e ru n i t a n d wi l l c o n t i n u ewh e t h e ro rn o tp r o d u c t i o nc e a s e s .De p r e c i a t i o no nt h ee q u i p me n ti sP6 0 , 0 0 0a y e a r .I fp r o d u c t i o ni ss t o p p e d ,t h ee q u i p me n tc a nb es o l df o rP2 7 0 , 0 0 0 ,i fp r o d u c t i o n c o n t i n u e s , h o we v e r , i t wi l l b eu s e l e s sa t t h ee n do f 1y e a ra n dwi l l h a v en os a l v a g ev a l u e .Th e s e l l i n gp r i c ei sP1 0 0au n i t .I g n o r i n gt a x e s ,t h emi n i mu mn u mb e ro fu n i t st ob es o l di nt h e c u r r e n t y e a r t ob r e a ke v e no nac a s hfl o wb a s i si s A.1 , 5 0 0u n i t s . C.8 , 2 5 0u n i t s . B.6 , 7 5 0u n i t s . D.9 , 7 5 0u n i t s Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 5 1 . Gl a r e l e s sCo mp a n yma n u f a c t u r e sa n ds e l l ss u n g l a s s e s . Th ep r i c ea n dc o s td a t aa r ea s f o l l o ws : Se l l i n gp r i c ep e rp a i r o fSu n g l a s s e s P2 5 . 0 0 Va r i a b l ec o s t sp e rp a i ro f s u n g l a s s e s : Ra wma t e r i a l s P1 1 . 0 0 Di r e c t l a b o r 5 . 0 0 Ma n u f a c t u r i n go v e r h e a d 2 . 5 0 Se l l i n ge x p e n s e s 1 . 3 0 T o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t sp e ru n i t P1 9 . 8 0 An n u a l fi x e dc o s t s : Ma n u f a c t u r i n go v e r h e a d P1 9 2 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n ga n da d mi n i s t r a t i v e 2 7 6 , 0 0 0 T o t a l fi x e dc o s t s P4 6 8 , 0 0 0 F o r e c a s t e da n n u a l s a l e sv o l u me( 1 2 0 , 0 0 0p a i r s ) P3 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 I n c o met a xr a t e 4 0 % Gl a r e l e s sCo mp a n ye s t i ma t e st h a t i t sd i r e c t l a b o rc o s t swi l l i n c r e a s e8p e r c e n t n e x t y e a r .Ho w ma n yu n i t swi l l Gl a r e l e s sh a v et os e l l n e x t y e a rt or e a c hb r e a k e v e n ? A. 9 7 , 5 0 0u n i t s C.1 0 1 , 7 4 0u n i t s B. 8 3 , 5 7 2u n i t s D. 8 6 , 2 5 0u n i t s Bo b a d i l l a 5 4 . Pa n s i p i t Co mp a n yh a da2 5p e r c e n t ma r g i no f s a f e t y .I t sa f t e r t a xr e t u r no ns a l e si s6p e r c e n t . Th ec o mp a n y ’ si n c o mei ss u b j e c t t ot a xr a t eo f 4 0p e r c e n t .I f fi x e dc o s t sa mo u n t t oP3 2 0 , 0 0 0 , h o wmu c hp e s os a l e sd i dPa n s i p i t ma k ef o r t h ey e a r ? A.P1 , 0 6 6 , 6 6 7 C.P1 , 2 8 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 5 5 . The management of Mesa Company has performed cost studies and has projected the following annual costs based on 60,000 units of production and sales: T o t a l An n u a l Co s t s Pe r c e n t o f Va r i a b l ePo r t i o no f T o t a l An n u a l Co s t s Di r e c t ma t e r i a l P6 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 0 0 Di r e c t l a b o r 7 2 0 , 0 0 0 8 0 Mf g . Ov e r h e a d 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 Se l l i n gc o s t s 1 9 2 , 5 0 0 2 5 Wh a t s e l l i n gp r i c ewi l l y i e l da1 5p e r c e n t p r o fi t f r o ms a l e so f 6 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s ? A.P4 1 . 6 7 C.P2 7 . 3 0 5 2 . Sa n t o sCo mp a n yi sp l a n n i n gi t sa d v e r t i s i n gc a mp a i g nf o rn e x ty e a ra n dh a sp r e p a r e dt h e f o l l o wi n gb u d g e t d a t ab a s e do naz e r oa d v e r t i s i n ge x p e n d i t u r e : No r ma l p l a n t c a p a c i t y 2 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s 109 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s B.P3 7 . 5 0 D.P3 5 . 4 2 Bo b a d i l l a u n c h a n g e d , wh a t s h o u l dt h e2 0 0 7p r i c eb ei f St . Pa u l i st oma k et h es a meP2 0 0 , 0 0 0o p e r a t i n g i n c o meb e f o r ei n c o met a x e s ? A.P1 2 0 C.P1 5 0 B.P1 3 5 D.P2 4 0 Bo b a d i l l a 5 6 . Th ef o l l o wi n gd a t ar e l a t et oHa r v e s t e rCo mp a n ywh i c hs e l l sas i n g l ep r o d u c t : Un i t s e l l i n gp r i c e P8 0 . 0 0 Pu r c h a s ec o s t p e ru n i t 5 5 . 0 0 Sa l e sc o mmi s s i o n1 5%o f s e l l i n gp r i c e 1 2 . 0 0 Mo n t h l yfi x e dc o s t s P1 8 0 , 0 0 0 Th efi r m’ st wos a l e s p e r s o n swo u l dl i k et oc h a n g et h e i rc o mp e n s a t i o nf r o m a1 5p e r c e n t c o mmi s s i o nt oa7 . 5p e r c e n tc o mmi s s i o np l u sP1 5 , 0 0 0e a c hp e rmo n t hi nfi x e ds a l a r y . Cu r r e n t l y , t h e yo n l yr e c e i v ec o mmi s s i o n sa st h e i r c o mp e n s a t i o n . At wh a t s a l e sv o l u mei nu n i t swo u l dt h et woc o s t s t r u c t u r e sb ei n d i ff e r e n t ? A.2 , 5 0 0u n i t s C.4 , 0 0 0u n i t s D.5 , 0 0 0u n i t s B.3 , 0 0 0u n i t s 5 9 . Th ef o l l o wi n gd a t ar e l a t et oHe r b e r t Co mp a n ywh i c hs e l l sas i n g l ep r o d u c t : Un i t s e l l i n gp r i c e P2 0 . 0 0 Pu r c h a s ec o s t p e r u n i t 1 1 . 0 0 Sa l e sc o mmi s s i o n , 1 0 %o f s e l l i n gp r i c e 2 . 0 0 Mo n t h l yfi x e dc o s t s P8 0 , 0 0 0 Th e fi r m’ ss a l e s p e r s o n swo u l dl i k et oc h a n g et h e i rc o mp e n s a t i o nf r o m a1 0p e r c e n t c o mmi s s i o nt oa5p e r c e n t c o mmi s s i o np l u sP2 0 , 0 0 0p e rmo n t hi ns a l a r y . Cu r r e n t l y , t h e yo n l y r e c e i v ec o mmi s s i o n sa st h e i r c o mp e n s a t i o n . Bo b a d i l l a Th ec h a n g ei nc o mp e n s a t i o np l a ns h o u l dc h a n g et h emo n t h l yb r e a k e v e np o i n t b y A.1 , 0 7 1I n c r e a s e C.1 , 5 3 8I n c r e a s e B.1 , 0 7 1De c r e a s e D.1 , 5 3 8De c r e a s e Bo b a d i l l a 5 7 . MultiFrame Company has the following revenue and cost budgets for the two products it sells: Pl a s t i cF r a me s Gl a s sF r a me s Sa l e sp r i c e P1 0 . 0 0 P1 5 . 0 0 Di r e c t ma t e r i a l s (2 . 0 0 ) (3 . 0 0 ) Di r e c t l a b o r (3 . 0 0 ) (5 . 0 0 ) F i x e do v e r h e a d (3 . 0 0 ) (2 . 7 5 ) Ne t i n c o mep e ru n i t P2 . 0 0 P 4 . 2 5 Bu d g e t e du n i t s a l e s 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 Th eb u d g e t e du n i t s a l e se q u a l t h ec u r r e n t u n i t d e ma n d , a n dt o t a l fi x e do v e r h e a df o rt h ey e a ri s b u d g e t e da tP9 7 5 , 0 0 0 .As s u met h a tt h ec o mp a n yp l a n st oma i n t a i nt h es a mep r o p o r t i o n a l mi x . 6 0 . The manager of Naughty Food Company reviewed the following data: F r u i t s Me a t Ca n n e dPr o d u c t s Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i o 4 0 % 5 0 % 4 0 % Sa l e smi xi np e s o s 2 0 % 3 0 % 5 0 % F i x e dc o s t s , P1 , 2 9 0 , 0 0 0p e rmo n t h . Th eb r e a k e v e ns a l e sf o re a c hmo n t hi s A.P1 , 6 7 7 , 0 0 0 C.P4 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P3 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 6 1 . Th eOr e g a n oWa t c hCo mp a n yma n u f a c t u r e sal i n eo fl a d i e s ’ wa t c h e swh i c ha r es o l dt h r o u g h d i s c o u n th o u s e s .Ea c hwa t c hi ss o l df o rP1 , 5 0 0 ;t h efi x e dc o s t sa r eP3 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0f o r3 0 , 0 0 0 wa t c h e so rl e s s ; v a r i a b l ec o s t i sP9 0 0p e rwa t c h . Th et o t a l n u mb e ro f u n i t st h a t Mu l t i F r a men e e d st op r o d u c ea n ds e l l i no r d e rt ob r e a ke v e ni s A.1 5 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s C.1 5 3 , 9 4 7u n i t s B.1 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s D.3 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s Bo b a d i l l a Wh a t i sOr e g a n o ’ sd e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g ea t s a l e so f 1 2 , 0 0 0wa t c h e s ? A.2 . 0 X C.0 . 5 X B.5 . 0 X D.0 . 2 X 5 8 . Du r i n g2 0 0 6 , St . Pa u l L a bs u p p l i e dh o s p i t a l swi t hac o mp r e h e n s i v ed i a g n o s t i ck i t f o rP1 2 0 .At av o l u meo f8 0 , 0 0 0k i t s ,St .Pa u l h a dfi x e dc o s t so fP1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0a n do p e r a t i n gi n c o meb e f o r e i n c o met a x e so fP2 0 0 , 0 0 0 .Be c a u s eo fa na d v e r s el e g a ld e c i s i o n ,St .Pa u l ’ s2 0 0 7l i a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c ei n c r e a s e db yP1 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0o v e r2 0 0 6 .As s u mi n gt h ev o l u mea n do t h e rc o s t sa r e 110 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) Bo b a d i l l a lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s 6 2 . Duke, Inc. owns and operates a chain of food centers. The management is 6 6 . Th eu n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i no f Pr o d u c t Ai sP2 0a n do f Pr o d u c t Bi sP1 6 . I f s i xu n i t so f Pr o d u c t Aa n de i g h tu n i t so fPr o d u c tBc a nb ep r o d u c e dp e rma c h i n eh o u r ,t h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i no f t h ep r o d u c t sp e r ma c h i n eh o u r i s Bo b a d i l l a A.Pr o d u c t A, P1 6 0 ;Pr o d u c t B, P9 6 C.Pr o d u c t A, P3 . 3 3 ; Pr o d u c t B, P2 . 0 0 B.Pr o d u c t A, P1 2 0 ;Pr o d u c t B, P1 2 8 D.Pr o d u c t A, P3 2 . 0 0 ; Pr o d u c t B, P3 0 . 0 0 considering installing machines that will make popcorn on the premises. These machines are available in two different sizes with the following details: Ec o n o my Re g u l a r An n u a l c a p a c i t y 2 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 Co s t s : An n u a l ma c h i n er e n t a l P6 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 P8 2 , 5 0 0 . 0 0 Po p c o r nc o s t p e rb o x 3 . 9 0 3 . 9 0 Co s t o f e a c hb o x 0 . 8 0 0 . 8 0 Ot h e rv a r i a b l ec o s t p e rb o x 6 . 6 0 4 . 2 0 Th el e v e l o f o u t p u t i nb o x e sa t wh i c ht h eEc o n o mya n dt h eRe g u l a rwo u l de a r nt h es a mep r o fi t ( l o s s )i s A.2 0 , 0 0 0b o x e s C.1 5 , 0 0 0b o x e s B. 9 , 3 7 5b o x e s D.1 2 , 5 0 0b o x e s Bo b a d i l l a 6 7 . Th eBi t t e r s we e tCo mp a n yi sawh o l e s a l ed i s t r i b u t o ro fc a n d y .Th ec o mp a n ys e r v i c e sv a r i o u s g r o c e r y , c o n v e n i e n c e , a n dd r u gs t o r e si nMe t r oMa n i l a .Sma l l , b u t s t e a d yg r o wt hi ns a l e s , h a s b e e na c h i e v e db yt h ec o mp a n yo v e rt h ep a s tf e wy e a r swh i l ec a n d yp r i c e sh a v eb e e n i n c r e a s i n g .Th ec o mp a n yi sf o r mu l a t i n gi t sp l a n sf o rt h ec o mi n gfi s c a l y e a r .Pr e s e n t e db e l o w a r et h ed a t au s e dt op r o j e c t t h ec u r r e n t y e a r ’ sa f t e r t a xn e t i n c o meo f P1 1 0 , 4 0 0 . Av e r a g es e l l i n gp r i c e P4 . 0 0p e rb o x Av e r a g ev a r i a b l ec o s t s Co s t o f c a n d y P2 . 0 0p e rb o x Se l l i n ge x p e n s e s 0 . 4 0p e rb o x T o t a l P2 . 4 0p e rb o x 6 3 . Th eHa r p e rCo r p o r a t i o nma n u f a c t u r e sa n ds e l l sT s h i r t si mp r i n t e dwi t hc o l l e g en a me sa n d s l o g a n s .L a s ty e a r , t h es h i r t ss o l df o rP7 . 5 0e a c h ,a n dt h ev a r i a b l ec o s tt oma n u f a c t u r et h e m wa sP2 . 2 5p e ru n i t .Th ec o mp a n yn e e d e dt os e l l 2 0 , 0 0 0s h i r t st ob r e a ke v e n .Th en e t i n c o me l a s t y e a rwa sP5 , 0 4 0 .Ha r p e r ’ se x p e c t a t i o n sf o rt h ec o mi n gy e a r i n c l u d et h ef o l l o wi n g : 1 . Th es a l e sp r i c eo f t h eT s h i r t swi l l b eP9 2 . Va r i a b l ec o s t t oma n u f a c t u r ewi l l i n c r e a s eb yo n e t h i r d 3 .F i x e dc o s t swi l l i n c r e a s eb y1 0 % 4 . Th ei n c o met a xr a t eo f 4 0 %wi l l b eu n c h a n g e d Th es e l l i n gp r i c et h a t wo u l dma i n t a i nt h es a mec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t ea sl a s t y e a r i s A.P9 . 0 0 C.P1 0 . 0 0 B.P8 . 2 5 D.P9 . 7 5 Bo b a d i l l a An n u a l fi x e dc o s t s : Se l l i n g P1 6 9 , 0 0 0 Ad mi n i s t r a t i v e 2 8 0 , 0 0 0 T o t a l P4 4 0 , 0 0 0 Ex p e c t e da n n u a l s a l e sv o l u me( 3 9 0 , 0 0 0b o x e s ) P1 , 5 6 0 , 0 0 0 Th ema n u f a c t u r e r so fc a n d i e sh a v ea n n o u n c e dt h a tt h e ywi l l i n c r e a s ep r i c e so ft h e i rp r o d u c t s a na v e r a g eo f 1 5 %i nt h ec o mi n gy e a r d u et oi n c r e a s e si nr a wma t e r i a l ( s u g a r , c o c o a , p e a n u t s , e t c . )a n dl a b o rc o s t s .Bi t t e r s we e t Co mp a n ye x p e c t st h a t a l l o t h e rc o s t swi l l r e ma i na t t h es a me r a t e so r l e v e l sa st h ec u r r e n t y e a r .Bi t t e r s we e t i ss u b j e c t t o4 0p e r c e n t t a xr a t e . 6 4 . Du r i n gt h emo n t ho fJ u n e ,Ar ma n i Co r p o r a t i o np r o d u c e d1 2 , 0 0 0u n i t sa n ds o l dt h e mf o rP2 0 p e ru n i t . T o t a l fi x e dc o s t sf o rt h ep e r i o dwe r eP1 5 4 , 0 0 0 , a n dt h eo p e r a t i n gp r o fi t wa sP2 6 , 0 0 0 . Th ev a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t f o rJ u n ewa s A.P4 . 5 0 C.P6 . 0 0 B.P5 . 0 0 D.P7 . 1 7 Bo b a d i l l a I fn e ti n c o mea f t e rt a x e swo u l dr e ma i nt h es a mea f t e rt h ec o s to fc a n d yi n c r e a s e sb u tn o i n c r e a s ei nt h es a l e sp r i c ei sma d e , h o wma n yb o x e so f c a n d ymu s t Bi t t e r s we e t s e l l ? A.4 8 0 , 0 0 0 C.4 0 0 , 0 0 0 B. 2 7 , 6 0 0 D. 2 9 , 3 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 6 5 . St o n eCo mp a n yp l a n st os e l l 4 0 0 , 0 0 0l a u n d r yh a n g e r s . Th efi x e dc o s t sa r eP6 0 0 , 0 0 0 , a n dt h e v a r i a b l ec o s ti s6 0 %o ft h es e l l i n gp r i c e .I ft h ec o mp a n ywa n t st or e a l i z eap r o fi to fP1 2 0 , 0 0 0 , t h es e l l i n gp r i c eo f e a c hl a u n d r yh a n g e rmu s t b e A.P2 . 5 0 C.P4 . 5 0 B.P3 . 7 5 D.P5 . 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 6 8 . Larz Company produces a single product. It sold 25,000 units last year with the following results: Sa l e s Va r i a b l ec o s t s 111 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) P6 2 5 , 0 0 0 P3 7 5 , 0 0 0 lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s F i x e dc o s t s 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 5 2 5 , 0 0 0 Ne t i n c o meb e f o r et a x e s P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 I n c o met a x e s 4 0 , 0 0 0 Ne t i n c o me P6 0 , 0 0 0 I na na t t e mp tt oi mp r o v ei t sp r o d u c ti nt h ec o mi n gy e a r ,L a r zi sc o n s i d e r i n gr e p l a c i n ga c o mp o n e n tp a r ti ni t sp r o d u c tt h a th a sac o s to fP2 . 5 0wi t han e wa n db e t t e rq u a l i t yc o s t i n g P4 . 5 0p e ru n i t .An e wma c h i n ewi l l a l s ob en e e d e dt oi n c r e a s ep l a n tc a p a c i t y .Th ema c h i n e wo u l dc o s tP1 8 , 0 0 0wi t hau s e f u ll i f eo f6y e a r sa n dn os a l v a g ev a l u e .Th ec o mp a n yu s e s s t r a i g h t l i n ed e p r e c i a t i o nme t h o do na l l p l a n t a s s e t s . Un i t s e l l i n gp r i c e P 2 5 0 Un i t v a r i a b l ec o s t 1 0 0 T o t a l fi x e dc o s t s 8 4 0 , 0 0 0 Th ec o mp a n y ’ sd e c i s i o nt oi n c r e a s et h ewa g e so f h o u r l ywo r k e r swi l l i n c r e a s et h eu n i t v a r i a b l e c o s t b y1 0p e r c e n t .I n c r e a s e si nt h es a l a r i e so f f a c t o r ys u p e r v i s o r sa n dp r o p e r t yt a x e sf o rt h e f a c t o r ywi l l i n c r e a s efi x e dc o s t sb y4p e r c e n t .I fs a l e sp r i c ei sh e l dc o n s t a n t ,t h en e x tb r e a k e v e np o i n t f o rAi l uCo mp a n ywi l l b e A.I n c r e a s e db y6 4 0u n i t s . C.De c r e a s e db y6 4 0u n i t s . B.I n c r e a s e db y4 0 0u n i t s . D.I n c r e a s e db y8 0 0u n i t s . Bo b a d i l l a 7 2 . So l a rCo mp a n ys e l l st wop r o d u c t s ,Bi g g sa n dBo g g s .L a s ty e a r ,So l a rCo mp a n ys o l d1 2 , 0 0 0 u n i t so f Bi g g sa n d2 4 , 0 0 0u n i t so f Bo g g s . I fL a r zwi s h e st oma i n t a i nt h es a mec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i oa f t e ri mp l e me n t i n gt h ec h a n g e s , wh a ts e l l i n gp r i c ep e ru n i to fp r o d u c tmu s ti tc h a r g en e x ty e a rt oc o v e rt h ei n c r e a s e dma t e r i a l c o s t s ? A.P2 7 . 0 0 C.P2 5 . 0 0 B.P3 2 . 5 0 D.P2 8 . 3 3 Bo b a d i l l a Related data for last year are: Pr o d u c t Un i t Se l l i n gPr i c e Un i t Va r i a b l eCo s t Un i t Co n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i n Bi g g s P1 2 0 P8 0 P4 0 Bo g g s 8 0 6 0 2 0 As s u mi n gt h a t l a s t y e a r ’ sfi x e dc o s t st o t a l e dP9 1 0 , 0 0 0 ,wh a t wa sSo l a rCo mp a n y ’ sc o mp o s i t e b r e a k e v e np o i n t ? A.3 4 , 1 2 5 C.1 1 , 3 7 5 B.2 7 , 3 0 2 D. 9 , 1 0 1 Bo b a d i l l a 6 9 . BMMo t o r s ,I n c .e mp l o y s4 0s a l e sp e r s o n n e l t oma r k e ti t sl i n eo fe c o n o mya u t o mo b i l e s .Th e a v e r a g ec a rs e l l sf o rP1 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0a n da6 %c o mmi s s i o ni sp a i dt ot h es a l e s p e r s o n .BMMo t o r s i sc o n s i d e r i n gac h a n g et oac o mmi s s i o na r r a n g e me n tt h a two u l dp a ye a c hs a l e s p e r s o na s a l a r yo f P2 4 , 0 0 0p e rmo n t hp l u sac o mmi s s i o no f 2 %o f t h es a l e sma d eb yt h a t s a l e s p e r s o n . Th ea mo u n t o f t o t a l c a rs a l e sa t wh i c ht h et woe x p e n s es t r u c t u r e swo u l db ei n d i ff e r e n t i s A.P2 2 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P3 0 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P2 4 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 7 3 . Ri v e ra n dCo . ,ma k e ro fq u a l i t yp i p e s ,h a se x p e r i e n c e das t e a d yg r o wt hi ns a l e sf o rt h ep a s t fi v ey e a r s .Ho we v e r ,i n c r e a s ei nc o mp e t i t i o nh a sl e dRi v e rCo .t ob e l i e v et h a ta na g g r e s s i v e a d v e r t i s i n gc a mp a i g nwi l l b en e c e s s a r yn e x t y e a r t oma i n t a i nt h ec o mp a n y ’ sp r e s e n t g r o wt h . 7 0 . Ro u n dCo mp a n yi sag r o c e r ys t o r et h a ti sc u r r e n t l yo p e no n l yMo n d a yt h r o u g hSa t u r d a y . Ro u n dCo mp a n yi sc o n s i d e r i n go p e n i n go nSu n d a y s .T h ea n n u a l i n c r e me n t a l c o s t so f Su n d a y o p e n i n g sa r ee s t i ma t e da tP3 1 , 2 0 0 .Ro u n d ’ sg r o s sma r g i no ns a l e si s2 5p e r c e n t .Ro u n d e s t i ma t e st h a t 7 5p e r c e n t o f i t sSu n d a ys a l e st oc u s t o me r swo u l db ema d eo no t h e rd a y si f t h e s t o r ewe r en o t o p e no nSu n d a y s . T op r e p a r ef o rn e x t y e a r ’ sa d v e r t i s i n gc a mp a i g n ,t h ec o mp a n y ’ sa c c o u n t a n th a sp r e p a r e da n d p r e s e n t e dt h ema n a g e me n t wi t hd a t af o r t h ec u r r e n t y e a r , 2 0 0 6 , a sp r e s e n t e db e l o w: Co s t Sc h e d u l e Va r i a b l ec o s t s : Di r e c t l a b o r P8 0 . 0 0 / p i p e Di r e c t ma t e r i a l s 3 2 . 5 0 / p i p e Va r i a b l eo v e r h e a d 2 5 . 0 0 / p i p e T o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t s P1 3 7 . 5 0 / p i p e F i x e dc o s t s : Ma n u f a c t u r i n g P2 5 0 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n g 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 Th eo n e d a yv o l u meo fSu n d a ys a l e st h a two u l db en e c e s s a r yf o rRo u n dt oa t t a i nt h es a me we e k l yo p e r a t i n ga st h ec u r r e n t s i x d a ywe e ki s A.P2 , 4 0 0 C.P9 , 6 0 0 B.P3 , 2 0 0 D.P9 , 9 8 4 Bo b a d i l l a 7 1 . Ai l uCo mp a n yh a st h ef o l l o wi n go p e r a t i n gd a t af o ri t sma n u f a c t u r i n go p e r a t i o n s : 112 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s Ad mi n i s t r a t i v e T o t a l fi x e dc o s t s 7 0 0 , 0 0 0 P1 , 3 5 0 , 0 0 0 A.P1 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 , 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n gp r i c e , p e rp i p e P 2 5 0 . 0 0 Ex p e c t e ds a l e s , 2 0 0 7( 2 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s ) P5 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 T a xr a t e :4 0 % Th ec o mp a n yh a ss e t t h es a l e st a r g e t f o r2 0 0 7a t al e v e l o f P5 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0( o r 2 2 , 0 0 0p i p e s ) . C.P1 , 3 5 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 , 6 3 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 7 6 . Tactless Manufacturing Company produces two products for which the following data have been tabulated. Fixed manufacturing cost is applied at a rate of P1.00 per machine hour. Pe r Un i t XY 7 BD4 Se l l i n gp r i c e P4 . 0 0 P3 . 0 0 Va r i a b l ema n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t P2 . 0 0 P1 . 5 0 F i x e dma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t P0 . 7 5 P0 . 2 0 Va r i a b l es e l l i n gc o s t P1 . 0 0 P1 . 0 0 Th es a l e sma n a g e rh a sh a daP1 6 0 , 0 0 0i n c r e a s ei nt h eb u d g e ta l l o t me n tf o ra d v e r t i s i n ga n d wa n t st oa p p l yt h emo n e yt ot h emo s tp r o fi t a b l ep r o d u c t .Th ep r o d u c t sa r en o t s u b s t i t u t e sf o r o n ea n o t h e r i nt h ee y e so f t h ec o mp a n y ’ sc u s t o me r s . I fa na d d i t i o n a l P1 1 2 , 5 0 0h a v et ob es p e n tf o ra d v e r t i s i n gi n2 0 0 7 ,wh a ti st h er e q u i r e ds a l e s l e v e l i np e s o st oe q u a l 2 0 0 6 ’ sa f t e r t a xi n c o me ? A.P4 , 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 C.P5 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 B.P5 , 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 D.P4 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 7 4 . Ad o b eCo mp a n ys o l d1 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t so f i t sp r o d u c t a t P2 0p e ru n i t .Va r i a b l ec o s t swe r eP1 4p e r u n i t , c o n s i s t i n go f ma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t so f P1 1a n ds e l l i n gc o s t so f P3 .F i x e dc o s t s , wh i c hwe r e i n c u r r e du n i f o r ml yt h r o u g h o u tt h ey e a r ,a mo u n t e dt oP7 9 2 , 0 0 0( ma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t so f P5 0 0 , 0 0 0a n ds e l l i n ge x p e n s e so fP2 9 2 , 0 0 0 ) . Th e r eh a db e e nn ob e g i n n i n go re n d i n g i n v e n t o r i e s . Th ema n a g e r ma yd e v o t et h ee n t i r eP1 6 0 , 0 0 0t oi n c r e a s e da d v e r t i s i n gf o re i t h e rXY 7o rBD4 . Su p p o s eT a c t l e s sh a so n l y1 0 0 , 0 0 0ma c h i n eh o u r st h a tc a nb ema d ea v a i l a b l et op r o d u c e a d d i t i o n a lu n i t so fXY 7a n dBD4 .I ft h ep o t e n t i a li n c r e a s ei ns a l e su n i t sf o re i t h e rp r o d u c t r e s u l t i n gf r o ma d v e r t i s i n gi sf a ri ne x c e s so ft h i sp r o d u c t i o nc a p a c i t y ,wh i c hp r o d u c ts h o u l db e a d v e r t i s e da n dwh a t i st h ee s t i ma t e di n c r e a s ei nc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ne a r n e d ? Bo b a d i l l a A.Pr o d u c t XY 7s h o u l db ep r o d u c e d , y i e l d i n gac o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i no f P7 5 , 0 0 0 . B.Pr o d u c t XY 7s h o u l db ep r o d u c e d , y i e l d i n gac o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i no f P1 3 3 , 3 3 3 . C.Pr o d u c t BD4s h o u l db ep r o d u c e d , y i e l d i n gac o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i no f P1 8 7 , 5 0 0 . D.Pr o d u c t BD4s h o u l db ep r o d u c e d , y i e l d i n gac o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i no f P2 5 0 , 0 0 0 . I f l a b o rc o s t sc o mp r i s eo f 5 0p e r c e n t v a r i a b l ec o s t sa n d2 0p e r c e n t f fi x e dc o s t s , a1 0p e r c e n t i n c r e a s ei nwa g e sa n ds a l a r i e swo u l di n c r e a s et h en u mb e ro f u n i t sr e q u i r e dt ob r e a ke v e nt o A.1 5 2 , 4 2 3 C.1 4 3 , 8 7 5 B.1 7 5 , 6 1 7 D.1 2 9 , 9 3 8 Bo b a d i l l a 7 5 . Me l l o w,I n c .s e l l si t ss i n g l ep r o d u c tf o rP4 0p e ru n i t .Me l l o wp u r c h a s e st h ep r o d u c tf o rP2 0 . Th es a l e s p e o p l er e c e i v eas a l a r yp l u sac o mmi s s i o no f5 %o fs a l e s .L a s ty e a rt h e c o r p o r a t i o n ’ sn e ti n c o mewa sP1 0 0 , 8 0 0 .Th ec o r p o r a t i o ni ss u b j e c tt o3 0 %i n c o met a xr a t e . Th efi x e dc o s t so f t h ec o mp a n ya r e : Ad v e r t i s i n g P1 2 4 , 0 0 0 Re n t 6 0 , 0 0 0 Sa l a r i e s 1 8 0 , 0 0 0 Ot h e rfi x e dc o s t s 3 2 , 0 0 0 T o t a l P3 9 6 , 0 0 0 Th ec o mp a n yi sc o n s i d e r i n gc h a n g i n gt h ec o mp e n s a t i o np l a nf o rs a l e sp e r s o n n e l .I ft h e o r g a n i z a t i o ni n c r e a s e st h ec o mmi s s i o nt o1 0 %o fr e v e n u e sa n dr e d u c e ss a l a r i e sb yP8 0 , 0 0 0 , wh a tr e v e n u e smu s tt h eo r g a n i z a t i o nh a v et or a i s ei no r d e rt oe a r nt h es a men e ti n c o mea s l a s t y e a r ? 7 7 . Dr a p eCo r p . wo u l dl i k et oma r k e t an e wp r o d u c t a t as e l l i n gp r i c eo f P1 5p e ru n i t .F i x e dc o s t s f o rt h i sp r o d u c ta r eP1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0f o rl e s st h a n5 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t so fo u t p u ta n dP1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0f o r 5 0 0 , 0 0 0o rmo r eu n i t so f o u t p u t .Th ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e r c e n t a g ei s3 5 %.Ho wma n yu n i t s o f t h i sp r o d u c t mu s t b es o l dt oe a r nat a r g e t o p e r a t i n gi n c o meo f P1mi l l i o n ? A.3 6 6 , 6 6 7 C.4 7 6 , 1 9 0 B.3 8 0 , 9 5 2 D.2 5 6 , 4 1 0 Bo b a d i l l a 7 8 . Ca r eCo mp a n ys o l d1 0 0 , 0 0 0u n i t so fi t sp r o d u c ta tP2 0p e ru n i t .Va r i a b l ec o s t sa r eP1 4p e r u n i t , c o n s i s t i n go f ma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t so f P1 1a n ds e l l i n gc o s t so f P3 .F i x e dc o s t s , wh i c ha r e i n c u r r e du n i f o r ml yt h r o u g h o u t t h ey e a r , a mo u n t t oP7 9 2 , 0 0 0( ma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t so f P5 0 0 , 0 0 0 a n ds e l l i n gc o s t so f P2 9 2 , 0 0 0 ) .Th e r ewe r en ob e g i n n i n go re n d i n gi n v e n t o r i e s . 113 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s B.P1 4 . 4 0a n dP8 . 4 0 . I f l a b o rc o s t sa r e5 0 %o f v a r i a b l ec o s t sa n d2 0 %o f fi x e dc o s t s , a1 0 %i n c r e a s ei nwa g e sa n d s a l a r i e swo u l di n c r e a s et h en u mb e ro f u n i t sr e q u i r e dt ob r e a k e v e n( i nf r a c t i o nf o r m)t o A.8 0 7 , 8 4 0 / 5 . 3 . C.8 0 7 , 8 4 0 / 1 4 . 7 . B.8 3 1 , 6 0 0 / 5 . 7 8 . D.8 3 1 , 6 0 0 / 1 4 . 2 8 . Bo b a d i l l a .I ft h ema t e r i a lc o s t sf o rl a r g ea n ds ma l ld i s c sa r eP8 . 5 0a n dP5 . 1 0 ,r e s p e c t i v e l y ,a n dt h e n o r ma l p r o d u c t i o nc a p a c i t yi s1 0 0 , 0 0 0 u n i t l e v e l , wh a t i st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t ? A.9 1 , 6 1 1 . C.7 9 , 8 1 6 . B.8 7 , 2 1 6 . D.8 2 , 4 1 2 . Bo b a d i l l a Qu e s t i o n s8 2t h r o u g h8 6a r eb a s e do nt h eSt a t e me n to fI n c o meo fDa v a o ,I n c .wh i c hr e p r e s e n t s t h eo p e r a t i n gr e s u l t sf o rt h ec u r r e n tfi s c a ly e a re n d i n gDe c e mb e r3 1 .Da v a oh a ds a l e so f1 , 8 0 0 t o n so fp r o d u c td u r i n gt h ec u r r e n ty e a r .Th ema n u f a c t u r i n gc a p a c i t yo fDa v a o ’ sf a c i l i t i e si s3 , 0 0 0 t o n so f p r o d u c t .Co n s i d e r e a c hq u e s t i o n ’ ss i t u a t i o ns e p a r a t e l y . Sa l e s P9 0 0 , 0 0 0 Va r i a b l ec o s t s Ma n u f a c t u r i n g P3 1 5 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n gc o s t s 1 8 0 , 0 0 0 T o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t s P4 9 5 , 0 0 0 Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n P4 0 5 , 0 0 0 F i x e dc o s t s Ma n u f a c t u r i n g P9 0 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n g 1 1 2 , 5 0 0 Ad mi n i s t r a t i o n 4 5 , 0 0 0 T o t a l fi x e dc o s t s P2 4 7 , 5 0 0 Ne t i n c o meb e f o r ei n c o met a x e s P1 5 7 , 5 0 0 I n c o met a x e s( 4 0 %) ( 6 3 , 0 0 0 ) Ne t i n c o mea f t e r i n c o met a x e s P9 4 , 5 0 0 Th ef o l l o wi n gi n f o r ma t i o ni sa v a i l a b l e . T e nt h o u s a n d4 f o o tp i e c e so fme t a ly i e l d e d4 0 , 0 0 0l a r g ed i s c s ,e a c hwe i g h i n g4o u n c e sa n d s e l l i n gf o rP2 9 , a n d4 0 , 0 0 0s ma l l d i s c s , e a c hwe i g h i n g2 . 4o u n c e sa n ds e l l i n gf o rP1 4 . Th ec o r p o r a t i o nh a sb e e np r o d u c i n ga t l e s st h a n“ n o r ma l c a p a c i t y ”a n dh a sh a dn os p o i l a g ei nt h e c u t t i n gs t e po ft h ep r o c e s s .Th es k e l e t o n sr e ma i n i n ga f t e rt h er i n g sh a v eb e e nc u ta r es o l df o r s c r a pa t P8 . 0 0p e rp o u n d . 8 2 Th ev a r i a b l ec o n v e r s i o nc o s to fe a c hl a r g ed i s ci s8 0 %o ft h ed i s c ’ sd i r e c tma t e r i a lc o s t ,a n d v a r i a b l ec o n v e r s i o nc o s to fe a c hs ma l ld i s ci s7 5 %o ft h ed i s c ’ sd i r e c tma t e r i a lc o s t .Va r i a b l e c o n v e r s i o nc o s t sa r et h es u mo f d i r e c t l a b o ra n dv a r i a b l eo v e r h e a d . F i x e dc o s t swe r eP8 6 0 , 0 0 0 . . Th eb r e a k e v e nv o l u mei nt o n so f p r o d u c t f o r t h ey e a r i s A. 4 2 0 C.1 , 1 0 0 B. 4 9 5 D. 5 5 0 8 3 Bo b a d i l l a .I ft h es a l e sv o l u mei se s t i ma t e dt ob e2 , 1 0 0t o n si nt h en e x ty e a r ,a n di ft h ep r i c e sa n dc o s t s s t a ya t t h es a mel e v e l sa n da mo u n t sn e x t y e a r , t h ea f t e r t a xi n c o met h a t Da v a oc a ne x p e c t f o r n e x t y e a r i s A.P1 3 5 , 0 0 0 C.P1 1 0 , 2 5 0 B.P2 8 3 , 5 0 0 D.P1 8 4 , 5 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 7 9 C.P1 . 7 0 D.P1 . 8 0 Bo b a d i l l a 8 1 Qu e s t i o nNo s . 7 9t h r o u g h8 1a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n g : Me t a l I n d u s t r i e s , I n c .o p e r a t e si t sp r o d u c t i o nd e p a r t me n to n l ywh e no r d e r sa r er e c e i v e df o ro n eo r b o t ho fi t st wop r o d u c t s ,t wos i z e so fme t a ld i s c s .Th ema n u f a c t u r i n gp r o c e s sb e g i n swi t ht h e c u t t i n go fd o u g h n u t s h a p e dr i n g sf r o mr e c t a n g u l a rs t r i p so fs h e e tme t a l ;t h e s er i n g sa r et h e n p r e s s e di n t od i s c s .Th es h e e t so f me t a l , e a c h4f e e t l o n ga n dwe i g h i n g3 2o u n c e s , a r ep u r c h a s e d P1 3 . 6 0p e rr u n n i n gf o o t .Th ed e p a r t me n th a sb e e no p e r a t i n ga t al o s sf o rt h ep a s t y e a ra ss h o wn b e l o w. Sa l e sf o rt h ey e a r P1 , 7 2 0 , 0 0 0 L e s s : e x p e n s e s 1 , 7 7 2 , 0 0 0 Ne t l o s sf o rt h ed e p a r t me n t P 5 2 , 0 0 0 . Th en e t c o s t p e ro u n c eo f ma t e r i a l i s A.P2 . 0 0 B.P1 . 6 0 D.P1 1 . 8 0a n dP6 . 6 0 . Bo b a d i l l a 8 0 . Th et o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t sp e ru n i t f o rt h el a r g ea n ds ma l l d i s c s , r e s p e c t i v e l y , a r e A.P1 0 . 2 0a n dP8 . 6 0 . C.P9 . 1 0a n dP5 . 3 0 . 114 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s 8 4 8 7 . Da v a oh a sap o t e n t i a lf o r e i g nc u s t o me rt h a th a so ff e r e dt ob u y1 , 5 0 0t o n sa tP4 5 0p e rt o n . As s u met h a t a l l o f Da v a o ’ sc o s t swo u l db ea t t h es a mel e v e l sa n dr a t e sa sl a s t y e a r .Wh a t n e t i n c o mea f t e rt a x e swo u l dDa v a oma k ei fi tt o o kt h i so r d e ra n dr e j e c t e ds o meb u s i n e s sf r o m r e g u l a rc u s t o me r ss oa sn o t t oe x c e e dc a p a c i t y ? C.P2 1 1 , 5 0 0 A.P2 9 7 , 5 0 0 B.P2 5 2 , 0 0 0 D.P2 5 6 , 5 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a .I fAn i l a oSk i Co mp a n yd e s i r e sa na f t e r t a xn e ti n c o meo fP2 4 , 0 0 0 ,h o wma n yp a i r so ft o u r i n g mo d e l s k i swi l l t h ec o mp a n yh a v et os e l l ? A.1 3 , 1 1 8 C.1 3 , 8 5 3 B.1 2 , 5 2 9 D. 4 , 4 6 0 Bo b a d i l l a 8 8 . Th et o t a ls a l e sr e v e n u ea twh i c hAn i l a oSk iCo mp a n ywo u l dma k et h es a mep r o fi to rl o s s r e g a r d l e s so f t h es k i mo d e l i t d e c i d e dt op r o d u c ei s A.P8 8 0 , 0 0 0 C.P9 2 4 , 0 0 0 B.P4 2 2 , 4 0 0 D.P6 8 6 , 4 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 8 5 . Wi t h o u tp r e j u d i c et oy o u ra n s we r st op r e v i o u sq u e s t i o n s ,a n da s s u met h a tDa v a op l a n st o ma r k e ti t sp r o d u c ti nan e wt e r r i t o r y . Da v a oe s t i ma t e st h a ta na d v e r t i s i n ga n dp r o mo t i o n p r o g r a mc o s t i n gP6 1 , 5 0 0a n n u a l l ywo u l dn e e dt ob eu n d e r t a k e nf o rt h en e x tt woo rt h r e e y e a r s .I na d d i t i o n , aP2 5p e rt o ns a l e sc o mmi s s i o no v e ra n da b o v et h ec u r r e n t c o mmi s s i o nt o t h es a l e sf o r c ei nt h en e wt e r r i t o r ywo u l db er e q u i r e d .Ho wma n yt o n swo u l dh a v et ob es o l di n t h en e wt e r r i t o r yt oma i n t a i nDa v a o ’ sc u r r e n t a f t e r t a xi n c o meo f P9 4 , 5 0 0 ? A. 3 0 7 . 5 C. 2 7 3 . 3 B.1 , 0 9 5 . 0 D.1 , 5 4 5 . 0 Bo b a d i l l a 8 9 . Ho wmu c hwo u l dt h ev a r i a b l ec o s tp e ru n i to ft h et o u r i n gmo d e l h a v et oc h a n g eb e f o r ei th a d t h es a meb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nu n i t sa st h emo u n t a i n e e r i n gmo d e l ? A.P2 . 6 8 / u n i t i n c r e a s e C.P5 . 0 3 / u n i t d e c r e a s e B.P4 . 5 3 / u n i t i n c r e a s e D.P2 . 9 7 / u n i t d e c r e a s e Bo b a d i l l a 9 0 .I f t h ev a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t o f t o u r i n gs k i sd e c r e a s e sb y1 0 %, a n dt h et o t a l fi x e dc o s t o f t o u r i n g s k i si n c r e a s e sb y1 0 %, t h en e wb r e a k e v e np o i n t wi l l b e A. 1 0 , 7 3 0p a i r s B.1 3 , 0 0 7p a i r s C. 1 2 , 8 1 2p a i r s Bo b a d i l l a D.Un c h a n g e df r o m1 1 , 6 4 8p a i r sb e c a u s et h ec o s t c h a n g e sa r ee q u a l a n do ff s e t t i n g 8 6 . Wi t h o u t p r e j u d i c et op r e c e d i n gq u e s t i o n s , a s s u met h a t Da v a oe s t i ma t e st h a t t h ep e rt o ns e l l i n g p r i c ewi l l d e c l i n e1 0 %n e x ty e a r .Va r i a b l ec o s t swi l l i n c r e a s eP4 0p e rt o na n dt h efi x e dc o s t s wi l l n o tc h a n g e .Wh a ts a l e sv o l u mei np e s o swi l l b er e q u i r e dt oe a r na na f t e r t a xi n c o meo f P9 4 , 5 0 0n e x t y e a r ? A.P1 , 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P 8 2 5 , 0 0 0 D.P1 , 3 5 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 9 1 .I f t h eAn i l a oSk i Co mp a n ys a l e sd e p a r t me n t c o u l dg u a r a n t e et h ea n n u a l s a l eo f 1 2 , 0 0 0s k i so f e i t h e rmo d e l , An i l a owo u l d A.Pr o d u c et o u r i n gs k i sb e c a u s et h e yh a v eal o we rfi x e dc o s t . B.Pr o d u c eo n l ymo u n t a i n e e r i n gs k i sb e c a u s et h e yal o we rb r e a k e v e np o i n t . C.Pr o d u c emo u n t a i n e e r i n gs k i sb e c a u s et h e ya r emo r ep r o fi t a b l e . D.Bei n d i ff e r e n ta st owh i c hmo d e l i ss o l db e c a u s ee a c hmo d e l h a st h es a mev a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t . Bo b a d i l l a Qu e s t i o nNo s . 8 7t h r o u g h9 1a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n g : Anilao Ski Company recently expanded its manufacturing capacity to allow it to product up to 15,000 pairs of cross-country skis of either the mountaineering model or the touring model. The sales department assures management that it can sell between 9,000 and 13,000 pairs (units) of either product this year. Because the models are very similar, Anilao Ski will produce only one of the two models. The following data were compiled by the accounting department. Qu e s t i o nNo s . 9 2t h r o u g h9 6a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n g : Pu l l ma nCo mp a n yi sas ma l lb u tg r o wi n gma n u f a c t u r e ro ft e l e c o mmu n i c a t i o n se q u i p me n t .Th e c o mp a n yh a sn os a l e sf o r c eo f i t so wn ;r a t h e r ,i tr e l i e sc o mp l e t e l yo ni n d e p e n d e n ts a l e sa g e n t st o ma r k e t i t sp r o d u c t s .Th e s ea g e n t sa r ep a i dac o mmi s s i o no f 1 5 %o f s e l l i n gp r i c ef o ra l l i t e mss o l d . Mo u n t a i n e e r i n g T o u r i n g Se l l i n gp r i c ep e ru n i t P8 8 . 0 0 8 0 . 0 0 Va r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t 5 2 . 8 0 2 . 8 0 F i x e dc o s t swi l l t o t a l P3 6 9 , 6 0 0i f t h emo u n t a i n e e r i n gmo d e l i sp r o d u c e db u t wi l l b eo n l yP3 1 6 , 8 0 0i f t h et o u r i n gmo d e l i sp r o d u c e d .An i l a oSk i Co mp a n yi ss u b j e c t t oa4 0 %i n c o met a xr a t e . Ma u i So l i ma n ,Pu l l ma n ’ sc o n t r o l l e r ,h a sj u s tp r e p a r e dt h ec o mp a n y ’ sb u d g e t e di n c o mes t a t e me n t f o rn e x t y e a r .Th es t a t e me n t f o l l o ws : 115 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s b u t t h a t wo u l db emo r et h a no ff s e t b yt h eP3 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0( 2 0 %xP1 6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 )t h a t wewo u l da v o i do n a g e n t s ’ c o mmi s s i o n s . ” Pu l l ma nCo mp a n y Bu d g e t e dI n c o meSt a t e me n t Th eb r e a k d o wno f t h eP2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0c o s t fi g u r ef o l l o ws : Sa l a r i e s : Sa l e sma n a g e r Sa l e s p e r s o n s T r a v e l a n de n t e r t a i n me n t Ad v e r t i s i n g T o t a l For the Year Ended December 31 Sa l e s Ma n u f a c t u r i n gc o s t s : Va r i a b l e F i x e do v e r h e a d Gr o s sma r g i n Se l l i n ga n da d mi n i s t r a t i v ec o s t s : Co mmi s s i o n st oa g e n t s F i x e dma r k e t i n gc o s t s * F i x e da d mi n i s t r a t i v ec o s t s Ne t o p e r a t i n gi n c o me L e s sfi x e di n t e r e s t c o s t I n c o meb e f o r ei n c o met a x e s L e s si n c o met a x( 3 0 %) Ne t i n c o me * Pr i ma r i l yd e p r e c i a t i o no ns t o r a g ef a c i l i t i e s P1 6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 P7 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 2 , 3 4 0 , 0 0 0 2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 9 , 5 4 0 , 0 0 0 6 , 4 6 0 , 0 0 0 P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 P2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 “ Su p e r , ”r e p l i e dKi m.“ An dIn o t et h a tt h eP2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0i sj u s twh a twe ’ r ep a y i n gt h ea g e n t su n d e r t h eo l d1 5 %c o mmi s s i o nr a t e . ” 4 , 3 2 0 , 0 0 0 2 , 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 5 4 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 4 8 0 , 0 0 0 P1 , 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 “ I t ’ se v e nb e t t e rt h a nt h a t , ”e x p l a i n e dMa u i .“ Wec a na c t u a l l ys a v eP7 5 , 0 0 0ay e a rb e c a u s et h a t ’ s wh a twe ’ r eh a v i n gt op a yt h ea u d i t i n gfi r mn o wt oc h e c ko u tt h ea g e n t s ’r e p o r t s .Soo u ro v e r a l l a d mi n i s t r a t i v ec o s t swo u l db el e s s . ” “ Pu l l a l l o f t h e s en u mb e rt o g e t h e ra n dwe ’ l l s h o wt h e mt ot h ee x e c u t i v ec o mmi t t e et o mo r r o w, ”s a i d Ki m.“ Wi t ht h ea p p r o v a l o f t h ec o mmi t t e e , wec a nmo v eo nt h ema t t e ri mme d i a t e l y . ” AsMa u i h a n d e dt h es t a t e me n t t oKi mVi c e r o y , Pu l l ma n ’ sp r e s i d e n t , s h ec o mme n t e d , “ I we n t a h e a d a n du s e dt h ea g e n t s ’ 1 5 %c o mmi s s i o nr a t ei nc o mp l e t i n gt h e s es t a t e me n t s , b u t we ’ v ej u s t l e a r n e d t h a t t h e yr e f u s et oh a n d l eo u rp r o d u c t sn e x t y e a ru n l e s swei n c r e a s et h ec o mmi s s i o nr a t et o2 0 %. ” 9 2 . Wh a t i st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i np e s o sf o rn e x t y e a ra s s u mi n gt h a t t h ea g e n t s ’ c o mmi s s i o nr a t e r e ma i n su n c h a n g e da t 1 5 %? A.P1 0 , 6 5 0 , 0 0 0 C.P9 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 0 , 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a “ Th a t ’ st h el a s ts t r a w, ”Ki mr e p l i e da n g r i l y .“ Th o s ea g e n t sh a v eb e e nd e ma n d i n gmo r ea n dmo r e , a n dt h i st i met h e y ’ v eg o n et o of a r .Ho wc a nt h e yp o s s i b l yd e f e n da2 0 %c o mmi s s i o nr a t e ? ” 9 3 . Wh a t i st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i np e s o sf o rn e x t y e a ra s s u mi n gt h a t t h ea g e n t s ’ c o mmi s s i o nr a t e i si n c r e a s e dt o2 0 %? A.P1 3 , 1 7 1 , 0 0 0 C.P1 3 , 7 1 4 , 2 8 6 B.P1 5 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 2 , 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a “ Th e yc l a i mt h a ta f t e rp a y i n gf o ra d v e r t i s i n g ,t r a v e l ,a n dt h eo t h e rc o s t so fp r o mo t i o n ,t h e r e ’ s n o t h i n gl e f t o v e rf o rp r o fi t , ”r e p l i e dMa u i . “ I s a yi t ’ sj u s t p l a i nr o b b e r y , ”r e t o r t e dKi m.“ An dI a l s os a yi t ’ st i mewed u mp e dt h o s eg u y sa n dg o t o u ro wns a l e sf o r c e . Ca ny o ug e t y o u rp e o p l et owo r ku ps o mec o s t fi g u r e sf o r u st ol o o ka t ? ” 9 4 . Wh a t i st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i np e s o sf o rn e x t i f t h ec o mp a n ye mp l o y si t so wns a l e sf o r c e ? A.P1 5 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 3 , 0 9 0 , 9 0 9 B.P1 2 , 9 5 4 , 5 4 5 D.P1 5 , 1 5 7 , 8 9 5 Bo b a d i l l a “ We ’ v ea l r e a d ywo r k e dt h e mu p , ”s a i dMa u i .“ Se v e r a lc o mp a n i e swek n o wa b o u tp a ya7 . 5 % c o mmi s s i o nt ot h e i ro wns a l e s p e o p l e ,a l o n gwi t has ma l ls a l a r y .Ofc o u r s e ,wewo u l dh a v et o h a n d l ea l l p r o mo t i o nc o s t s , t o o .Wefi g u r eo u rfi x e dc o s t swo u l di n c r e a s eb yP2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0p e ry e a r , 116 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s 9 5 . As s u met h a tPu l l ma nCo mp a n yd e c i d e st oc o n t i n u es e l l i n gt h r o u g ha g e n t sa n dp a y st h e2 0 % c o mmi s s i o nr a t e . Th ev o l u meo fs a l e st h a two u l db er e q u i r e dt og e n e r a t et h es a men e t i n c o mea sc o n t a i n e di nt h eb u d g e t e di n c o mes t a t e me n t f o rn e x t y e a r wo u l db e : A.P1 8 , 2 8 5 , 7 1 4 C.P1 9 , 2 2 5 , 0 0 0 B.P1 8 , 3 6 8 , 4 2 1 D.P2 0 , 4 1 4 , 7 1 4 Bo b a d i l l a T o t a l An n u a l Pa t i e n t Da y s Ai d e s Nu r s e s Su p e r v i s i n gNu r s e s 1 0 , 0 0 0–1 4 , 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 4 1 4 , 0 0 1–1 7 , 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 4 1 7 , 0 0 1–2 3 , 7 2 5 2 2 1 3 4 2 3 , 7 2 6–2 5 , 5 5 0 2 5 1 4 5 2 5 , 5 5 1–2 7 , 3 7 5 2 6 1 4 5 2 7 , 3 7 6–2 9 , 2 0 0 2 9 1 6 6 Th es t a ffin gl e v e l sa b o v er e p r e s e n tf u l l t i mee q u i v a l e n t s ,a n di ts h o u l db ea s s u me dt h a tt h e Pe d i a t r i c sDe p a r t me n ta l wa y se mp l o y so n l yt h emi n i mu mn u mb e ro fr e q u i r e df u l l t i mee q u i v a l e n t p e r s o n n e l . . Th ev o l u meo fs a l e sa twh i c hn e ti n c o mewo u l db ee q u a lr e g a r d l e s so fwh e t h e rPu l l ma n Co mp a n ys e l l st h r o u g ha g e n t sa t a2 0 %c o mmi s s i o nr a t eo re mp l o y si t so wns a l e sf o r c e : A.P1 1 , 6 2 5 , 0 0 0 C.P1 9 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 8 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a Qu e s t i o nNo s . 9 7t h r o u g h1 0 2a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n gi n f o r ma t i o n : Sa nCa r l o so p e r a t e sag e n e r a lh o s p i t a lb u tr e n t ss p a c ea n db e d st os e p a r a t ee n t i t i e sf o r s p e c i a l i z e dt r e a t me n ts u c ha sp e d i a t r i c s ,ma t e r n i t y ,p s y c h i a t r i c ,e t c .Sa nCa r l o sc h a r g e se a c h s e p a r a t ee n t i t yf o rc o mmo ns e r v i c e st oi t sp a t i e n t sl i k eme a l sa n dl a u n d r ya n df o ra l l a d mi n i s t r a t i v e s e r v i c e ss u c ha sb i l l i n g s ,c o l l e c t i o n s ,e t c .Al lu n c o l l e c t i b l ea c c o u n t sa r ec h a r g e dd i r e c t l yt ot h e e n t i t y .Sp a c ea n db e dr e n t a l sa r efi x e df o rt h ey e a r . An n u a ls a l a r i e sf o re a c hc l a s so fe mp l o y e ef o l l o w: s u p e r v i s i n gn u r s e s ,P1 8 0 , 0 0 0 ;n u r s e s , P1 3 0 , 0 0 0 ; a n da i d e s , P5 0 , 0 0 0 .Sa l a r ye x p e n s ef o rt h ey e a re n d e dJ u n e3 0f o rs u p e r v i s i n gn u r s e s , n u r s e s , a n da i d e swa sP7 2 0 , 0 0 0 , P1 , 5 6 0 , 0 0 0 , a n dP1 , 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 , r e s p e c t i v e l y . F o rt h ee n t i r ey e a re n d e dJ u n e3 0 , t h ePe d i a t r i c sDe p a r t me n t a t Sa nCa r l o sHo s p i t a l c h a r g e de a c h p a t i e n t a na v e r a g eo f P6 5 0p e rd a y , h a dac a p a c i t yo f 6 0b e d s , o p e r a t e d2 4h o u r sp e rd a yf o r3 6 5 d a y s , a n dh a dr e v e n u eo f P1 0 , 6 7 6 , 2 5 0 . Th ePe d i a t r i c sDe p a r t me n to p e r a t e da t1 0 0 %c a p a c i t yd u r i n g1 1 1d a y so ft h ep a s ty e a r .I ti s e s t i ma t e dt h a td u r i n g9 0o ft h e s ec a p a c i t yd a y s ,t h ed e ma n da v e r a g e1 7p a t i e n t smo r et h a n c a p a c i t ya n de v e nwe n t a sh i g ha s2 0p a t i e n t smo r eo ns o med a y s .Th eh o s p i t a l h a sa na d d i t i o n a l 2 0b e d sa v a i l a b l ef o r r e n t f o r t h ec o mi n gfi s c a l y e a r . Ex p e n s e sc h a r g e db yt h eh o s p i t a l t ot h ePe d i a t r i c sDe p a r t me n t f o rt h ey e a r e n d e dJ u n e3 0we r e : Basis of Allocation Di e t a r y J a n i t o r i a l L a u n d r y L a b , o t h e rt h a nd i r e c t c h a r g e st op a t i e n t s 4 1 0 , 6 2 5 Ph a r ma c y Re p a i r sa n dma i n t e n a n c e Ge n e r a l a d mi n i s t r a t i v es e r v i c e s Re n t Bi l l i n g sa n dc o l l e c t i o n s Ba dd e b t e x p e n s e Ot h e r s P4 , 1 9 0 , 2 5 0 The only personnel directly employed by the Pediatrics Department are supervising nurses, nurses, and aides. The hospital has minimum personnel requirements based on total annual patient days. Hospital requirements beginning at the minimum, expected level of operation follow: 9 6 Pa t i e n t Da y s P3 2 8 , 5 0 0 P2 , 4 6 3 , 7 5 0 Be dCa p a c i t y 9 7 . Th ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e r p a t i e n t d a yi s A.P4 0 0 . 0 0 B.P4 5 0 . 0 0 P1 1 8 , 4 0 0 1 9 7 , 1 0 0 C.P5 0 0 . 0 0 D.P5 2 5 . 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 9 8 4 1 0 , 6 2 5 6 5 , 7 0 0 6 8 9 , 8 5 0 2 4 6 , 3 7 5 1 1 4 , 9 7 5 . Ho wma n yp a t i e n t d a y sa r en e c e s s a r yt oc o v e rfi x e dc o s t sf o rb e dc a p a c i t ya n df o rs u p e r v i s o r y n u r s e s ? A. 9 , 5 0 0 C.1 0 , 2 5 0 B. 9 , 8 2 0 D.1 2 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 6 6 , 0 4 5 1 , 2 1 8 , 7 8 0 2 , 5 4 6 , 7 1 0 9 9 . Th en u mb e ro f p a t i e n t d a y sn e e d e dt oc o v e r t o t a l c o s t si s A.1 4 , 7 8 0 C.1 5 , 8 2 0 B.1 5 , 1 4 0 D.1 6 , 0 8 0 2 4 0 , 3 1 5 117 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) Bo b a d i l l a lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s Re s t a u r a n t e q u i p me n t Ut i l i t i e s Su p p l i e s Ne t i n c o meb e f o r et a x e s I n c o met a x e s( 4 0 %) Ne t i n c o me No t e :Th ea v e r a g ep i z z as e l l sf o rP2 5 0 . 1 0 0 .I ft h ePe d i a t r i c sDe p a r t me n tr e n t e da na d d i t i o n a l2 0b e d sa n da l lo t h e rf a c t o r sr e ma i nt h e s a mea si nt h ep a s t y e a r , wh a t wo u l db et h ei n c r e a s ei nr e v e n u e ? A.P9 9 4 , 5 0 0 C.P1 , 0 5 4 , 5 0 0 B.P8 7 7 , 5 0 0 D.P8 9 7 , 5 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 0 1 . Co n t i n u i n gt oc o n s i d e rt h e2 0a d d i t i o n a l r e n t e db e d s ,t h ei n c r e a s ei nt o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s ta p p l i e d p e rp a t i e n t d a yi s A.P2 2 9 , 3 5 0 C.P2 2 9 , 6 5 0 B.P2 2 9 , 5 0 0 D.P2 3 9 , 3 5 0 Bo b a d i l l a 7 , 3 8 7 , 5 0 0 P2 , 1 1 2 , 5 0 0 8 4 5 , 0 0 0 P1 , 2 6 7 , 5 0 0 1 0 3 . Wh a t i st h et a xs h i e l do nt h en o n c a s hfi x e dc o s t s ? A.P3 2 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 4 9 , 5 0 0 B.P3 4 0 , 0 0 0 D.P5 4 0 , 0 0 0 1 0 2 . Wh a ti st h ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s ta p p l i e df o rb e dc a p a c i t y ,g i v e nt h ei n c r e a s ei nn u mb e ro f b e d s ? A.P1 , 3 9 6 , 6 6 7 C.P1 , 4 7 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 , 1 8 7 , 2 3 8 D.P1 , 5 2 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 1 0 4 . Wh a t i st h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nn u mb e ro f p i z z a st h a t mu s t b es o l d ? A.2 5 , 9 2 9 C.2 3 , 5 6 9 B.1 8 , 1 5 0 D.4 2 , 1 1 4 Qu e s t i o nNo s . 1 0 3–1 0 5a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n g : Ms . Sh a r k e ys t a r t e dap i z z ar e s t a u r a n t i n2 0 0 3 . F o rt h i sp u r p o s eab u i l d i n gwa sr e n t e df o rP4 0 , 0 0 0 p e rmo n t h .T wowo me nwe r eh i r e dt owo r kf u l l t i mea t t h er e s t a u r a n t a n ds i xc o l l e g es t u d e n t swe r e h i r e dt owo r k3 0h o u r sp e rwe e kd e l i v e r i n gp i z z a .Th i sl e v e l o fe mp l o y me n th a sb e e nc o n s i s t e n t . Ano u t s i d ea c c o u n t a n twa sh i r e df o rt a xa n db o o k k e e p i n gp u r p o s e s ,f o rwh i c hMs .Sh a r k e yp a y s P3 0 , 0 0 0p e rmo n t h .Th en e c e s s a r yr e s t a u r a n te q u i p me n ta n dd e l i v e r yc a r swe r ep u r c h a s e dwi t h c a s h .Ms . Sh a r k e yh a sn o t i c e dt h a t e x p e n s e sf o ru t i l i t i e sa n ds u p p l i e sh a v eb e e nr a t h e rc o n s t a n t . Ms .Sh a r k e yi n c r e a s e dh e rb u s i n e s sb e t we e n2 0 0 3a n d2 0 0 6 .Pr o fi t sh a v emo r et h a nd o u b l e d s i n c e2 0 0 3 .Ms . Sh a r k e yd o e sn o t u n d e r s t a n dwh yp r o fi t sh a v ei n c r e a s e df a s t e rt h a nv o l u me . Bo b a d i l l a 1 0 5 . Wh a t i st h ec a s hfl o wb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nn u mb e ro f p i z z a st h a t mu s t b es o l d ? A.1 9 , 5 2 9 C.1 2 , 9 9 0 B.2 1 , 2 8 4 D.1 0 , 7 7 3 Bo b a d i l l a Qu e s t i o nNo s . 1 0 6t h r o u g h1 0 9a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n gi n f o r ma t i o n : Timex Sporting Goods Company, a wholesale supply company, engages independent sales agents to market the company’s products throughout the country. These agents currently receive a commission of 20 percent of sales, but they are demanding an increase to 25 percent of sales made during the year ending December 31, 2007. The controller already prepared the 2007 budget before learning of the agents’ demand for an increase in commission. The budgeted 2007 income statement is shown below. Assume that cost of goods sold is 100 percent variable cost. A projected income statement for the year ended December 31, 2007, prepared by the accountant, is shown below: Sa l e s Co s t o f f o o ds o l d Wa g e s&f r i n g eb e n e fi t s : Re s t a u r a n t h e l p De l i v e r yh e l p Re n t Ac c o u n t i n gs e r v i c e s De p r e c i a t i o n : De l i v e r ye q u i p me n t 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 2 3 2 , 5 0 0 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 P9 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 P2 , 8 5 0 , 0 0 0 Sa l e s Co s t o f g o o d ss o l d Gr o s sma r g i n Se l l i n ga n da d mi n i s t r a t i v e Co mmi s s i o n s Ot h e re x p e n s e s( fi x e d ) I n c o meb e f o r et a x e s 8 1 5 , 0 0 0 1 , 7 3 0 , 0 0 0 4 8 0 , 0 0 0 3 6 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 118 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) P1 0 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 P4 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 P2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 2 , 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 P1 , 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s I n c o met a x( 3 0 %) 5 7 0 , 0 0 0 Ne t i n c o me P1 , 3 3 0 , 0 0 0 Ti me x ’ sma n a g e me n ti sc o n s i d e r i n gt h ep o s s i b i l i t yo fe mp l o y i n gf u l l t i mes a l e sp e r s o n n e l .Th r e e i n d i v i d u a l swo u l db er e q u i r e d , a t a ne s t i ma t e da n n u a l s a l a r yo f P3 0 , 0 0 0e a c h , p l u sc o mmi s s i o n so f 5p e r c e n to fs a l e s .I na d d i t i o n ,as a l e sma n a g e rwo u l db ee mp l o y e da tafi x e da n n u a ls a l a r yo f P1 6 0 , 0 0 0 .Al l o t h e rfi x e dc o s t s ,a swe l l a st h ev a r i a b l ec o s tp e r c e n t a g e s ,wo u l dr e ma i nt h es a me a st h ee s t i ma t e si nt h e2 0 0 7b u d g e t e di n c o mes t a t e me n t . ma n u f a c t u r ea n ds e l l o n eu n i t wo u l db eP1 2 . 5 0 , a n dfi x e dc o s t sa s s o c i a t e dwi t ht h et o ywo u l dt o t a l P3 5 0 , 0 0 0p e r mo n t h . Th ec o mp a n y ’ sMa r k e t i n gDe p a r t me n t p r e d i c t st h a t d e ma n df o rt h en e wt o ywi l l e x c e e dt h e1 6 , 0 0 0 u n i t st h a tt h ec o mp a n yi sa b l et op r o d u c e .Ad d i t i o n a lma n u f a c t u r i n gs p a c ec a nb er e n t e df r o m a n o t h e rc o mp a n ya tafi x e dc o s to fP1 0 , 0 0 0p e rmo n t h .Va r i a b l ec o s t si nt h er e n t e df a c i l i t ywo u l d t o t a l P1 4p e r u n i t , d u et os o me wh a t l e s se ffic i e n t o p e r a t i o n st h a ni nt h ema i np l a n t . Th en e wt o ywi l l s e l l f o rP3 0p e ru n i t . 1 0 6 . Ho wmu c hi st h ee s t i ma t e db r e a k e v e np o i n ti np e s os a l e sf o rt h ey e a re n d i n gDe c e mb e r3 1 , 2 0 0 7 , b a s e do nt h eb u d g e t e di n c o mes t a t e me n t p r e p a r e db yt h ec o n t r o l l e r ? A.P5 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P2 5 0 , 0 0 0 B.P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 2 5 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 1 0 . Th eb r e a k e v e nu n i t sf o r t h en e wt o ywo u l db e : A.2 0 , 0 0 0 C.2 1 , 0 0 0 B.1 8 , 0 0 0 D.2 2 , 5 0 0 1 0 7 1 1 1 1 0 8 1 1 2 Bo b a d i l l a . Ho w ma n yu n i t ss h o u l dt h ec o mp a n yn e e dt os e l li no r d e rt oe a r nab e f o r e t a xp r o fi to f P1 5 0 , 0 0 0 ? A. 9 , 1 4 3 C.3 1 , 8 7 5 B.3 0 , 3 7 5 D.3 5 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a . Ho wmu c hi st h ee s t i ma t e db r e a k e v e np o i n ti np e s os a l e sf o rt h ey e a re n d i n gDe c e mb e r3 1 , 2 0 0 7 , i f t h ec o mp a n ye mp l o y si t so wns a l e sp e r s o n n e l ? A.P 5 4 2 , 8 5 7 C.P 8 7 5 , 0 0 0 B.P 7 4 2 , 8 5 7 D.P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a . I ft h es a l e sma n a g e rr e c e i v e sab o n u so fP1 . 0 0f o re a c hu n i ts o l di ne x c e s so ft h eb r e a k e v e n p o i n t ,h o wma n yu n i t smu s tb es o l de a c hmo n t ht oe a r nar e t u r no f2 5 %o nt h emo n t h l y i n v e s t me n t i nfi x e dc o s t s ? A.2 3 , 3 4 4 C.2 9 , 8 3 3 B.2 7 , 0 0 0 D.3 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a . Ho wmu c hv o l u mei np e s os a l e swo u l db er e q u i r e df o rt h ey e a re n d i n gDe c e mb e r3 1 ,2 0 0 7 ,t o y i e l dt h es a men e t i n c o mea sp r o j e c t e di nt h eb u d g e t e di n c o mes t a t e me n t ,i f Ti me xc o n t i n u e s t ou s et h ei n d e p e n d e n ts a l e sa g e n t sa n da g r e e st ot h e i rd e ma n df o ra2 5p e r c e n ts a l e s c o mmi s s i o n ? A.P8 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 0 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P9 , 5 3 3 , 3 3 3 D.P1 3 , 3 3 3 , 3 3 3 Bo b a d i l l a 1 1 3 . As s u mi n gt h a tSt e pCo mp a n ywi l lj u s tr e n tama n u f a c t u r i n gs p a c ef o ramo n t hi no r d e rt o p r o d u c es p e c i a lo r d e rf o r8 , 0 0 0t o y s .Wh a ti st h ea c c e p t a b l emi n i mu ms e l l i n gp r i c et oSt e p Co mp a n yf o r t h es p e c i a l s a l e ? A.P1 4 . 0 0 C.P2 2 . 0 0 B.P1 5 . 2 5 D.P2 4 . 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 0 9 . Ho wmu c hi st h ee s t i ma t e dv o l u mei np e s os a l e st h a t wo u l dg e n e r a t ea ni d e n t i c a l n e t i n c o mef o r t h ey e a re n d i n gDe c e mb e r3 1 ,2 0 0 7 ,r e g a r d l e s so fwh e t h e rTi me xe mp l o y si t so wns a l e s p e r s o n n e lo rc o n t i n u e st ou s et h ei n d e p e n d e n ts a l e sa g e n t sa n dp a y st h e m a2 5p e r c e n t c o mmi s s i o n ? A.P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P1 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a Qu e s t i o nNo s . 1 1 4t h r o u g h1 1 8a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n g : Bo l t o nCo mp a n y ’ si n c o mes t a t e me n t f o rl a s t mo n t hi sg i v e nb e l o w: Sa l e s( 1 5 , 0 0 0u n i t s@ P3 0 ) L e s sv a r i a b l ee x p e n s e s Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n L e s sfi x e de x p e n s e s Ne t i n c o me Qu e s t i o nNo s . 1 1 0t h r o u g h1 1 3a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n gd a t a : St e pCo mp a n yp r o d u c e st o y sa n do t h e ri t e msf o ru s ei nb e a c ha n dr e s o r t a r e a s . As ma l l , i n fl a t a b l e t o yh a sc o meo n t ot h ema r k e tt h a tt h ec o mp a n yi sa n x i o u st op r o d u c ea n ds e l l .En o u g hc a p a c i t y e x i s t si nt h ec o mp a n y ’ sp l a n tt op r o d u c e1 6 , 0 0 0u n i t so ft h et o ye a c hmo n t h .Va r i a b l ec o s t st o 119 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) P4 5 0 , 0 0 0 3 1 5 , 0 0 0 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 9 0 , 0 0 0 P4 5 , 0 0 0 lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s Th ei n d u s t r yi nwh i c hBo l t o nCo mp a n yo p e r a t e si sq u i t es e n s i t i v et oc y c l i c a lmo v e me n t si nt h e e c o n o my .Th u s ,p r o fi t sv a r yc o n s i d e r a b l yf r o my e a rt oy e a ra c c o r d i n gt og e n e r a le c o n o mi c c o n d i t i o n s . Th ec o mp a n yh a sal a r g ea mo u n t o f u n u s e dc a p a c i t ya n di ss t u d y i n gwa y so f i mp r o v i n g p r o fi t s . Qu e s t i o nNo s . 1 1 9t h r o u g h1 2 4a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n g : Za p a t e r oCo r p o r a t i o no p e r a t e sac h a i no fs h o es t o r e sa r o u n dt h ec o u n t r y .Th es t o r e sc a r r yma n y s t y l e so f s h o e st h a t a r ea l l s o l da t t h es a mep r i c e .T oe n c o u r a g es a l e sp e r s o n n e l t ob ea g g r e s s i v e i nt h e i rs a l e se ff o r t s , t h ec o mp a n yp a y sas u b s t a n t i a l s a l e sc o mmi s s i o no ne a c hp a i ro f s h o e ss o l d . Sa l e sp e r s o n n e l a l s or e c e i v eas ma l l b a s i cs a l a r y . An e we q u i p me n th a sc o meo n t ot h ema r k e tt h a two u l da l l o wBo l t o nCo mp a n yt oa u t o ma t ea p o r t i o no fi t so p e r a t i o n s .Va r i a b l ec o s t swo u l db er e d u c e db yP9p e ru n i t .Ho we v e r ,fi x e dc o s t s wo u l di n c r e a s et oat o t a l o f P2 2 5 , 0 0 0e a c hmo n t h . Th ef o l l o wi n gc o s ta n dr e v e n u ed a t ar e l a t et oDa v a os a l e so u t l e ta n da r et y p i c a l o ft h ec o mp a n y ’ s ma n ys a l e so u t l e t s : Se l l i n gp r i c e P8 0 0 Va r i a b l ee x p e n s e s : I n v o i c ec o s t s P3 6 0 Sa l e sc o mmi s s i o n 1 4 0 P5 0 0 1 1 4 . Ho wmu c hi n c o mef o rt h emo n t hwo u l dt h ec o mp a n ye a r ni f t h en e we q u i p me n t i sp u r c h a s e d ? A.P4 5 , 0 0 0 C.P6 0 , 0 0 0 B.P3 0 , 0 0 0 D.P7 5 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 1 5 . Ho wma n yu n i t sa r er e q u i r e da si n c r e a s eo rd e c r e a s ei nb r e a k e v e np o i n t i f t h en e we q u i p me n t i s p u r c h a s e d ? A.Z e r o C.3 , 2 0 0u n i t s B.2 , 5 0 0u n i t s D.4 , 0 0 0u n i t s Bo b a d i l l a F i x e de x p e n s e sp e r y e a r : Re n t Ad v e r t i s i n g Sa l a r i e s T o t a l 1 1 6 . Th ed e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g ed u r i n gt h emo n t hwh e r et h en e we q u i p me n t i su s e di s : A.3 . 0t i me s C.6 . 0t i me s B.4 . 5t i me s D.9 . 0t i me s Bo b a d i l l a P1 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 3 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 P6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 1 9 . Ho wma n yu n i t sa r er e q u i r e df o r t h ec o mp a n y ’ sDa v a os a l e so u t l e t t ob r e a k e v e n ? A.1 2 , 0 0 0p a i r s C.2 0 , 0 0 0p a i r s B.1 7 , 1 4 3p a i r s D.2 2 , 0 0 0p a i r s 1 1 7 . Re f e rt ot h eo r i g i n a ld a t a .Ra t h e rt h a np u r c h a s ean e we q u i p me n t ,t h ep r e s i d e n ti st h i n k i n g a b o u tc h a n g i n gt h ec o mp a n y ’ sma r k e t i n gme t h o d .Un d e rt h en e w me t h o d ,s a l e swo u l d i n c r e a s eb y2 0 %e a c hmo n t ha n dn e ti n c o mewo u l di n c r e a s eb yo n e t h i r d .F i x e dc o s t sc o u l d b es l a s h e dt oo n l yP4 8 , 0 0 0p e rmo n t h .Co mp u t et h eb r e a k e v e np o i n tf o rt h ec o mp a n ya f t e r t h ec h a n g ei nma r k e t i n gme t h o d . A. 8 , 0 0 0u n i t s C. 9 , 0 0 0u n i t s B.1 2 , 5 0 0u n i t s D.1 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s Bo b a d i l l a Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 0 . I f 1 8 , 0 0 0p a i r so f s h o e sa r es o l di nay e a r , wh a t wo u l db eDa v a os a l e so u t l e t ’ sn e t i n c o me ? A.P6 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P5 0 0 , 0 0 0 B.P( 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) D.P( 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 1 . Th ec o mp a n yi sc o n s i d e r i n gp a y i n gt h es t o r ema n a g e ro fDa v a os a l e so u t l e ta ni n c e n t i v e c o mmi s s i o no fP7 5p e rp a i ro fs h o e s( i na d d i t i o nt ot h es a l e s p e r s o n ’ sc o mmi s s i o n ) .I ft h i s c h a n g ei sma d e , wh a t wi l l b et h en e wb r e a k e v e ni np a i r so f s h o e s ? A.2 6 , 6 6 7 C.2 0 , 0 0 0 B.1 6 , 0 0 0 D.2 2 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 1 8 . As s u mi n gt h a t d u r i n gt h emo n t hf o l l o wi n gt h emo n t hn e we q u i p me n t h a sb e e ns t a r t e di nu s e , t h e u n i ts a l e si n c r e a s e db y4 , 5 0 0u n i t s .Th ev a r i a b l ee x p e n s e sp e ru n i ta n dt h emo n t h l yfi x e d c o s t sa sa ff e c t e db yt h ea c q u i s i t i o no f t h en e we q u i p me n t a r ee x p e c t e dt or e ma i nc o n s t a n t . Wh a t i st h ee x p e c t e dp r o fi t o f t h ec o mp a n yf o rt h a t mo n t h ? A.P8 1 , 0 0 0 C.P8 5 , 5 0 0 B.P1 2 6 , 0 0 0 D.P4 5 , 0 0 0 1 2 2 . I n s t e a do f p a y i n gt h ema n a g e ras t r a i g h t P7 5p e rp a i ro f s h o e sc o mmi s s i o no na l l p a i r so f s h o e s s o l d ,t h ec o mp a n yi sc o n s i d e r i n gp a y i n gt h es t o r ema n a g e rP5 0c o mmi s s i o no ne a c hp a i ro f Bo b a d i l l a 120 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s s h o e ss o l di ne x c e s so ft h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t .I ft h i sc h a n g ei sma d e ,wh a twi l lb et h es a l e s o u t l e t ’ sn e t i n c o meo rl o s si f 2 5 , 0 0 0p a i r so f s h o e sa r es o l d ? A.P 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 C.P1 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 D.P1 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a B.P 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 2 7 . Re f e rt ot h eo r i g i n a l d a t a .Th es a l e sma n a g e ri sc o n v i n c e dt h a ta1 0 %r e d u c t i o ni nt h es e l l i n g p r i c e ,c o mb i n e dwi t ha ni n c r e a s eo fP6 0 0 , 0 0 0i nt h emo n t h l ya d v e r t i s i n gb u d g e t ,wi l lc a u s e u n i t s a l e st od o u b l e . Wh a t wi l l t h en e wp r o fi t o r l o s si f t h e s ec h a n g e sa r ea d o p t e d ? A.P6 0 , 0 0 0 C.P4 5 , 0 0 0 B.P( 6 0 , 0 0 0 ) D.P( 4 5 , 0 0 0 ) Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 3 . I f t h ec o mp a n ywo u l dp a yt h ema n a g e rP5 0c o mmi s s i o no ne a c hp a i ro f s h o e ss o l di ne x c e s so f t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t , h o wma n yp a i r so f s h o e sa r er e q u i r e dt oe a r nP9 0 0 , 0 0 0p r o fi t ? A.2 3 , 6 0 0 C.2 5 , 0 0 0 B.2 3 , 0 0 0 D.2 7 , 5 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 8 . Re f e rt ot h eo r i g i n a ld a t a .Th eMa r k e t i n gDe p a r t me n tt h i n k st h a taf a n c yn e wp a c k a g ef o rt h e l a p t o pc o mp u t e rb a t t e r ywo u l dh e l ps a l e s .Th en e wp a c k a g ewo u l di n c r e a s ep a c k a g i n gc o s t s b yP7 . 5 0p e ru n i t .As s u mi n gn oo t h e rc h a n g e s ,h o wma n yu n i t swo u l dh a v et ob es o l de a c h mo n t ht oe a r nap r o fi t o f P9 7 , 5 0 0 ? A.2 1 , 8 1 8 C.2 5 , 4 5 0 B.2 3 , 0 0 0 D.2 8 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 4 . Th ec o mp a n yi sc o n s i d e r i n ge l i mi n a t i n gs a l e sc o mmi s s i o n se n t i r e l yi ni t ss t o r e sa n di n c r e a s i n g fi x e ds a l a r i e sb yP2 , 1 4 2 , 0 0 0a n n u a l l y . I f t h i sc h a n g ei sma d e , wh a t wi l l b et h en u mb e ro f p a i r so f s h o e st ob es o l db yDa v a oo u t l e t t o b ei n d i ff e r e n t t oc o mmi s s i o nb a s i s ? A.2 5 , 3 0 0 C.2 1 , 0 0 0 B.1 5 , 3 0 0 D.1 8 , 5 0 5 Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 9 . Re f e rt ot h eo r i g i n a l d a t a . Bya u t o ma t i n gc e r t a i no p e r a t i o n s , t h ec o mp a n yc o u l dr e d u c ev a r i a b l e c o s t sb yP3p e ru n i t . Ho we v e r , fi x e dc o s t swo u l di n c r e a s eb yP7 2 , 0 0 0e a c hmo n t h . Ho wwo u l dt h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i nu n i t sc h a n g ei f t h ec o mp a n ya u t o ma t e dt h eo p e r a t i o n s ? A.1 , 0 0 0u n i t si n c r e a s e C.3 , 0 0 0u n i t si n c r e a s e B.1 , 0 0 0u n i t sd e c r e a s e D.3 , 0 0 0u n i t sd e c r e a s e Bo b a d i l l a Th ef o l l o wi n gi n f o r ma t i o ns h o u l db eu s e dt oa n s we rQu e s t i o nNo s . 1 2 5t h r o u g h1 3 1 . Du et oe r r a t i cs a l e so fi t ss o l ep r o d u c t-ah i g h c a p a c i t yb a t t e r yf o rl a p t o pc o mp u t e r s ,Sa l c e d o Co mp a n yh a sb e e ne x p e r i e n c i n gd i ffic u l t yf o rs o met i me . Th ec o mp a n y ’ si n c o mes t a t e me n t f o rt h e mo s t r e c e n t mo n t hi sg i v e nb e l o w: Sa l e s( 1 9 , 5 0 0u n i t s@ P3 0 0 ) P5 , 8 5 0 , 0 0 0 L e s sv a r i a b l ee x p e n s e s 4 , 0 9 5 , 0 0 0 Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n 1 , 7 5 5 , 0 0 0 L e s sfi x e de x p e n s e s 1 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 Ne t l o s s P( 4 5 , 0 0 0 ) 1 3 0 . Atwh a tl e v e l o fp r o d u c t i o nwo u l dt h ea u t o ma t i o no ft h ep r o d u c t i o np r o c e s sb ei n d i ff e r e n tt ot h e p r e s e n t p r o c e s s ? A.1 8 , 0 0 0 C.2 4 , 0 0 0 B.2 1 , 0 0 0 D.2 8 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 3 1 . Wh i c ho f t h et wome t h o d s( t h ep r e s e n t o r t h ea u t o ma t e d )h a sh i g h e ri n c o mea t t h el e v e l o f s a l e s o f 2 6 , 0 0 0u n i t s ? A.Ma n u a l , P6 0 , 0 0 0 C.Ma n u a l , P2 4 0 , 0 0 0 B.Au t o ma t e d , P6 0 , 0 0 0 D.Au t o ma t e d , P2 4 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 2 5 . Th eb r e a ke v e ni np e s os a l e sf o rSa l c e d oCo mp a n yi s : A.P6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 C.P5 , 8 5 2 , 7 5 6 B.P2 , 5 7 1 , 4 2 9 D.P7 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a Qu e s t i o nNo s . 1 3 2–1 3 4a r eb a s e do nt h ef o l l o wi n g : Al moCo mp a n yma n u f a c t u r e sa n ds e l l sa d j u s t a b l ec a n o p i e st h a ta t t a c ht omo t o rh o me sa n d t r a i l e r s .Th ema r k e tc o v e r sn e wu n i tp u r c h a s e sa swe l l a sr e p l a c e me n tc a n o p i e s .Al mod e v e l o p e d i t s2 0 0 7b u s i n e s sp l a nb a s e do nt h ea s s u mp t i o nt h a tc a n o p i e swo u l ds e l l a t ap r i c eo f P4 0 0e a c h . Th ev a r i a b l ec o s t sf o re a c hc a n o p ywe r ep r o j e c t e da tP2 0 0 ,a n dt h ea n n u a lfi x e dc o s t swe r e 1 2 6 . Th ep r e s i d e n tb e l i e v e st h a taP1 6 0 , 0 0 0i n c r e a s ei nt h emo n t h l ya d v e r t i s i n gb u d g e t ,c o mb i n e d wi t ha ni n t e n s i fi e de ff o r t b yt h es a l e ss t a ff , wi l l r e s u l t i na nP8 0 0 , 0 0 0i n c r e a s ei nmo n t h l ys a l e s . I f t h ep r e s i d e n t i sr i g h t , wh a t wi l l b et h ee ff e c t o nt h ec o mp a n y ’ smo n t h l yn e t i n c o meo rl o s s ? A.P1 2 0 , 0 0 0i n c r e a s e C.P1 2 0 , 0 0 0d e c r e a s e B.P8 0 , 0 0 0i n c r e a s e D.P8 0 , 0 0 0d e c r e a s e Bo b a d i l l a 121 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Cost Vol umePr ofitAnal ysi s 1 3 5 b u d g e t e da t P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . Al mo ’ sa f t e r – t a xp r o fi t o b j e c t i v ewa sP2 4 0 , 0 0 0 ; t h ec o mp a n y ’ se ff e c t i v et a x r a t ei s4 0p e r c e n t . . I ft h ema n a g e me n tc a nr e d u c et h ev a r i a b l ec o s tp e ru n i tb yP2 5t h r o u g ht h eu s eo fl e s s e x p e n s i v ema t e r i a l sa n ds l i g h t l ymo d i fi e dma n u f a c t u r i n gt e c h n i q u e s ,wi t ht h es a l e sp r i c e r e d u c e db yP3 0 ,a n ds a l e so f2 , 2 0 0u n i t sf o rt h er e ma i n d e ro ft h ey e a ra r ef o r e c a s t ,t h e a mo u n t o f e x p e c t e di n c o mef o r t h ey e a r wa s : A.P2 3 9 , 4 0 0 C.P2 4 1 , 2 0 0 B.P2 0 4 , 0 0 0 D.P3 9 9 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a Wh i l eAl mo ’ ss a l e su s u a l l yr i s ed u r i n gt h es e c o n dq u a r t e r ,t h eMa yfi n a n c i a ls t a t e me n t sr e p o r t e d t h a ts a l e swe r en o tme e t i n ge x p e c t a t i o n s .F o rt h efi r s tfi v emo n t h so ft h ey e a r ,o n l y3 5 0u n i t sh a d b e e ns o l da tt h ee s t a b l i s h e dp r i c e ,wi t hv a r i a b l ec o s t sa sp l a n n e d ,a n di twa sc l e a rt h a tt h e2 0 0 7 a f t e r t a xp r o fi tp r o j e c t i o nwo u l dn o tb er e a c h e du n l e s ss o mea c t i o n swe r et a k e n .Al mo ’ sp r e s i d e n t a s s i g n e dama n a g e me n tc o mmi t t e et oa n a l y z et h es i t u a t i o na n dd e v e l o ps e v e r a la l t e r n a t i v e c o u r s e so fa c t i o n .Th ef o l l o wi n gmu t u a l l ye x c l u s i v ea l t e r n a t i v e s ,l a b e l e dA,B,a n dC,we r e p r e s e n t e dt ot h ep r e s i d e n t . 1 3 6 . Ho wmu c hwo u l db et h ee x p e c t e di n c o mef o rt h ey e a ri ft h ema n a g e me n tc u tfi x e dc o s t sb y P1 0 , 0 0 0 ,a n dl o we rt h es a l e sp r i c eb y5p e r c e n t ,wi t hv a r i a b l ec o s t sp e ru n i tu n c h a n g e da n d s a l e so f 2 , 0 0 0u n i t sa r ee x p e c t e df o r t h er e ma i n d e ro f t h ey e a r ? A.P2 3 9 , 4 0 0 C.P2 4 1 , 2 0 0 B.P2 0 4 , 0 0 0 D.P3 9 9 , 0 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a Re d u c et h es a l e sp r i c eb yP4 0 .Th es a l e so r g a n i z a t i o nf o r e c a s tt h a twi t ht h es i g n i fi c a n t l yr e d u c e d s a l e sp r i c e ,2 , 7 0 0u n i t sc a nb es o l dd u r i n gt h er e ma i n d e ro ft h ey e a r .T o t a l fi x e da n dv a r i a b l eu n i t c o s t swi l l s t a ya sb u d g e t e d . 1 3 7 . I f t h es a l e sp r i c ei sr e d u c e db y6 . 2 5p e r c e n t s t a r t i n gJ u n e1 , a na n a l y s i si n d i c a t e st h a t 2 , 5 0 0u n i t s a l e sc a nb ema d ei ft h ec o mp a n yh a st os p e n tf o ra d d i t i o n a la d v e r t i s i n g . Wh a ti st h e ma x i mu ma mo u n t o f a d v e r t i s i n gc o s t t h a t t h ec o mp a n yc a ns p e n da n ds t i l l t h ep r o fi t o b j e c t i v e i sa c h i e v e d ? A.P3 5 , 0 0 0 C.P1 5 , 0 0 0 D.P7 , 5 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a B.P2 2 , 5 0 0 L o we rt h ev a r i a b l ec o s t sp e ru n i tb yP2 5t h r o u g ht h eu s eo fl e s se x p e n s i v ema t e r i a l sa n ds l i g h t l y mo d i fi e dma n u f a c t u r i n gt e c h n i q u e s .Th es a l e sp r i c ewi l la l s ob er e d u c e db yP3 0 ,a n ds a l e so f 2 , 2 0 0u n i t sf o rt h er e ma i n d e ro f t h ey e a ra r ef o r e c a s t . Cu tfi x e dc o s t sb yP1 0 , 0 0 0 ,a n dl o we rt h es a l e sp r i c eb y5p e r c e n t .Va r i a b l ec o s t sp e ru n i twi l l b e u n c h a n g e d . Sa l e so f 2 , 0 0 0u n i t sa r ee x p e c t e df o rt h er e ma i n d e ro f t h ey e a r . 1 3 2 . As s u mi n gn oc h a n g e swe r ema d et ot h es e l l i n gp r i c eo rc o s ts t r u c t u r e ,h o wma n yu n i t smu s t Al mos e l l t ob r e a ke v e n ? A. 1 6 7 C. 5 0 0 B. 2 5 0 D.1 , 7 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 3 3 . As s u mi n gn oc h a n g e swe r ema d et ot h es e l l i n gp r i c eo rc o s ts t r u c t u r e ,h o wma n yu n i t smu s t Al mos e l l t oa c h i e v ei t sa f t e r t a xp r o fi t o b j e c t i v e ? A.1 , 2 5 0 C.2 , 0 0 0 B.1 , 7 0 0 D.2 , 5 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 1 3 4 . I f ma n a g e me n t d e c i d e st or e d u c et h es e l l i n gp r i c eb yP4 0 , wh a t wi l l Al mo ' sa f t e r t a xp r o fi t b e ? A.P1 5 7 , 2 0 0 C.P2 4 1 , 2 0 0 B.P1 6 0 , 8 0 0 D.P3 0 1 , 2 0 0 Bo b a d i l l a 122 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 1 . An s we r :B Co n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i n=F i x e dc o s t s =P1 5 , 0 0 0 ( Co n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i n / Un i t Sa l e s )+Va r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t =De s i r e dMi n i mu mSa l e sPr i c e ( P1 5 , 0 0 0÷3 , 0 0 0 )+( P7 , 5 0 0÷3 , 0 0 0 ) 2 7 . 5 0 . An s we r :C Un i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n( P5 0-P3 0 ) Ad d i t i o n a l p r o fi t( 5 0 0xP2 0 ) P2 0 . 0 0 P1 0 , 0 0 0 Af t e rt h eb r e a k e v e nl e v e l , t h ea mo u n t o f p r o fi t e q u a l st h eu n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nmu l t i p l i e db yt h en u mb e ro f u n i t ss o l d i ne x c e s so f b r e a k e v e nu n i t s . Th ec a n d i d a t e ss h o u l dr e me mb e rt h a tt h ep r o fi ti n c r e a s e sb yt h ea mo u n to fc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nb r o u g h tb ya d d i t i o n a l u n i t ss o l d . 3 4 5 6 . An s we r :A Co s t o f d i n n e r F a v o r sa n dp r o g r a m F i x e dc o s t s ( 1 5 , 0 0 0+7 , 0 0 0+4 8 , 0 0 0+1 0 , 0 0 0 ) / 2 5 0 Co s t t ob ec h a r g e d P7 0 . 0 0 3 0 . 0 0 3 2 0 . 0 0 P4 2 0 . 0 0 . An s we r :B Th en u mb e ro f u n i t sr e q u i r e dt oe a r nt h et a r g e t p r o fi t i se q u a l t ot h es u mo f fi x e de x p e n s e sa n dt h et a r g e t p r o fi t d i v i d e d b yt h eu n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . Th en u mb e ro f u n i t sr e q u i r e dt oe a r nt h et a r g e t n e t p r o fi t i s : ( P7 8 , 0 0 0+P4 2 , 0 0 0 )÷P1 2 1 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :A Se l l i n gPr i c e L e s s : Va r i a b l eMa n u f a c t u r i n gCo s t 1 0 %Co mmi s s i o n P6 0 ( 3 0 ) (6 ) Un i t Co n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i n P2 4 . An s we r :A Cu r r e n t b r e a k e v e n : Pe s o s :( P3 2 , 0 0 0÷0 . 4 0 ) Un i t s :[ P3 2 , 0 0 0÷P6 ) Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t :P1 5x0 . 4 0 P8 0 , 0 0 0 P 5 , 3 3 3 6 . 0 0 Ad d i t i o n a l u n i t st oc o v e ra d d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t s : ( P3 2 , 0 0 0x0 . 3 ) P6 1 , 6 0 0 Al t e r n a t i v es o l u t i o n : Ne wb r e a k e v e nu n i t s( P3 2 , 0 0 0x1 . 3 )÷P6 L e s sc u r r e n t b r e a k e v e nu n i t s 6 , 9 3 3 5 , 3 3 3 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 I n c r e a s ei nb r e a k e v e nu n i t s 7 1 , 6 0 0 . An s we r :A Th ea mo u n t o f c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t i sc o n s t a n t wi t h i nar e l e v a n t r a n g e .Th ea mo u n t o f p r o fi t i si n c r e a s e db yt h e a mo u n t o f u n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t : fi x e dc o s t ÷b r e a k e v e nu n i t s a l e s5 0 , 0 0 0÷5 , 0 0 0P1 0 . 0 0 Atb r e a k e v e np o i n t ,t h ep r o fi ti sz e r o .Th e r e f o r e ,t h ep r o fi ta tal e v e l o f5 , 0 0 1u n i t swi l l b eP1 0wh i c hi st h ea mo u n to f c o n t r i b u t i o np r o v i d e db yt h eu n i t ( o n eu n i t )i ne x c e s so f b r e a k e v e np o i n t . 8 An s we r :A CMR =F i x e dc o s t / Sa l e s =1 0 0 , 0 0 0 / 8 0 0 , 0 0 0=1 2 . 5 0 % Pr o fi t =( 1 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0–8 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) 0 . 1 2 5 P5 0 , 0 0 0 Th ea mo u n t o f s a l e st h a t p r o v i d e sp r o fi t s h o u l db et h es a l e sr e v e n u e sa b o v et h eb r e a ke v e ns a l e s . Al t e r n a t i v es o l u t i o n : T o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n1 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 1 2 5 F i x e dc o s t s Pr o fi t 9 10 . . An s we r :A Cu r r e n t u n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n( P3 2–P2 4 ) Cu r r e n t b r e a k e v e nu n i t s( P4 0 0 , 0 0 0÷P8 ) Ne wu n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n( P4 0-P2 4 ) Ne wb r e a k e v e nu n i t s( 4 0 0 , 0 0 0÷1 6 ) Ne t d e c r e a s ei nb r e a k e v e nu n i t s ( 5 0 , 0 0 0–2 5 , 0 0 0 ) An s we r :A CMp e r u n i t :2 2 0 , 0 0 0/ ( 1 0 0 , 0 0 0–8 0 , 0 0 0 ) F i x e dc o s t s :8 0 , 0 0 0x1 1 P1 5 0 , 0 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 P5 0 , 0 0 0 P8 5 0 , 0 0 0 P1 6 2 5 , 0 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 0 P8 8 0 , 0 0 0 Th ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t i sl i n e a ro rc o n s t a n t p e ru n i t . Th e r e f o r e :T CM Un i t s=UCM 11 12 . . An s we r :B T CM Sa l e s=CMR Ch a n g ei nT CM:( 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 * 0 . 2 )–( 3 6 0 , 0 0 0 * 0 . 1 ) CMR:I n c r e a s ei nT CM ÷I n c r e a s ei nSa l e s 8 4 , 0 0 0÷2 4 0 , 0 0 0 8 4 , 0 0 0 3 5 % Br e a k e v e ns a l e s9 0 , 3 0 0÷0 . 3 5 2 5 8 , 0 0 0 An s we r :C Be f o r e t a xp r o fi t2 4 , 0 0 0÷0 . 6 Ad dfi x e dc o s t 4 0 , 0 0 0 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 T o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n 2 4 0 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n gp r i c e=UVC+UCM Se l l i n gPr i c e=6+( 2 4 0 , 0 0 0÷4 0 , 0 0 0 ) 13 14 15 16 1 2 . 0 0 . An s we r :C Th ec o mp a n y ' sd e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g ei sd e t e r mi n e da sf o l l o ws : De g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g e=Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n÷Ne t i n c o me De g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g e=P6 0 0 , 0 0 0÷P2 4 0 , 0 0 0=2 . 5 0 . An s we r :A I n c r e a s ei ns a l e s L e s sv a r i a b l ec o s t sa n de x p e n s e s 0 . 9 0x1 2 5 , 0 0 0 Ad d i t i o n a l p r o fi t b e f o r et a x L e s sa d d i t i o n a l t a x0 . 4 0x1 2 , 5 0 0 Ad d i t i o n a l p r o fi t 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 1 1 2 , 5 0 0 1 2 , 5 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 7 , 5 0 0 . An s we r :B Ad d i t i o n a l p r o fi t ÷UCM =a d d i t i o n a l u n i t s a l e s =( 4 0 , 0 0 0+8 , 0 0 0 )÷( 8 0 6 0 ) =2 , 4 0 0u n i t s . An s we r :A T o t a l p e s os a l e sr e q u i r e d1 2 0 , 0 0 0÷( 0 . 2 5–0 . 1 ) L e s sp r i o rs a l e s Re q u i r e di n c r e a s ei ns a l e s 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 * 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 * Pe s os a l e sr e q u i r e dt oe a r np r o fi t s t a t e da sp e r c e n t a g eo f s a l e s( ROS) : S=[ F C+( ROSS) ] CMR ( CMR S)=[ F C+( ROSS) ] ( CMR S)-( ROSS)=F C ( CMR–ROS)S=F C S=F C ( CMR–ROS) 17 . An s we r :A Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n5 0 , 0 0 0x( 5 3 . 5 0 ) L e s s : a d d i t i o n a l p r o fi t ( 2 5 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 1 0 ) Ad d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t s Se l l i n gp r i c e=P3 . 5 0÷0 . 7 0 18 7 5 , 0 0 0 2 5 , 0 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 P5 . 0 0 . An s we r :C As h o r t e rc a l c u l a t i o no f fi n d i n gt h ea mo u n t o f s a l e si st od i v i d eb r e a k e v e ns a l e sb y( 1–MSR) Sa l e s=P6 0 0 , 0 0 0 ( 1–0 . 2 ) P7 5 0 , 0 0 0 Ana l t e r n a t i v es o l u t i o nt ofi n ds a l e si st oc o mp u t et h ep r o fi t ma r g i n . Pr o fi t ma r g i n=Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i oxma r g i no f s a f e t yr a t i o . Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Pr o fi t ma r g i n=2 0 %x4 0 % Sa l e s=Pr o fi t ÷Pr o fi t ma r g i n Sa l e s( 6 0 , 0 0 0÷0 . 0 8 ) 19 8 % P7 5 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :A Pe s os a l e s =F C/ ( CMR-ROS) =P2 1 0 , 0 0 0 / ( 0 . 4 0-0 . 1 0 ) CMR=4 0 % P7 0 0 , 0 0 0 Al o n gc o mp u t a t i o no f r e q u i r e ds a l e su s e st h ef o l l o wi n ge q u a t i o n : S=P2 1 0 , 0 0 0+0 . 1 0 S 0 . 4 0 0 . 4 0 S=P2 1 0 , 0 0 0+0 . 1 0 S 0 . 4 0 S-0 . 1 0 S=P2 1 0 , 0 0 0 S=P2 1 0 , 0 0 0 / ( 0 . 4 0–0 . 1 0 ) S=P7 0 0 , 0 0 0 20 . An s we r :C Cu r r e n t n u mb e ro f u n i t sr e q u i r e dt oe a r nt h et a r g e t n e t p r o fi t : [ ( P2 0 0 , 0 0 0+P7 0 , 0 0 0 )÷P9 ] 3 0 , 0 0 0 Af t e rt h ea u t o ma t e dma c h i n ei sp l a c e di n t os e r v i c e , t h en u mb e ro f u n i t sr e q u i r e dt oe a r nt h et a r g e t n e t p r o fi t wi l l b e : ( ( P2 5 0 , 0 0 0+P7 0 , 0 0 0 )÷P1 2 ) 2 6 , 6 6 7 Ch a n g ei nu n i t s : 3 0 , 0 0 0-2 6 , 6 6 7=3 , 3 3 3d e c r e a s ei nu n i t s a l e s 21 22 23 . . An s we r :C CMR=1 0 0 %-( 3 . 9÷6 . 0 )=3 5 % BES=1 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0÷. 3 5 An s we r :C Ne wb r e a k e v e np o i n t :P8 7 4 , 0 0 0÷P2 3 Cu r r e n t b r e a k e v e np o i n t i nu n i t s :P7 7 0 , 5 0 0÷P2 3 I n c r e a s ei nu n i t s : 3 8 , 0 0 0-3 3 , 5 0 0 Al t e r n a t i v es o l u t i o n : ( P1 0 3 , 5 0 0÷P2 3 ) 4 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 3 8 , 0 0 0 3 3 , 5 0 0 4 , 5 0 0 4 , 5 0 0 . An s we r :A Th ee s t i ma t e dc o s t o f g o o d ss o l d =P5 6 5 , 0 0 0+0 . 3 5 S* * Su mo f a l l p e r c e n t a g e sf o rv a r i a b l ep r o d u c t i o nc o s t s =P5 6 5 , 0 0 0+( P2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 3 5 ) =P1 , 2 6 5 , 0 0 0 24 . An s we r :B Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Pe s os a l e sr e q u i r e dt oe a r n1 0 %o f s a l e s ; F C/ ( CMR–ROS) =P3 6 , 0 0 0 / ( 0 . 3 0 0 . 1 0 ) =1 8 0 , 0 0 0 25 26 27 . . An s we r :A Re v i s e dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n2 0 , 0 0 0x1 . 1 5x( 7 1 ) F i x e dc o s t( 1 0 5 , 0 0 0+1 9 , 2 0 0 ) Re v i s e dp r o fi t Pr i o rp r o fi t De c r e a s ei np r o fi t An s we r :A Ma r g i no f Sa f e t y=Bu d g e t e ds a l e s–Br e a k e v e ns a l e s Ma r g i no f Sa f e t y : P4 0 0 , 0 0 0–P4 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :B DOLa t P9 0 , 0 0 0s a l e s : Sa l e s Va r i a b l ec o s t s T o t a l Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n F i x e dc o s t s Pr o fi t 1 3 8 , 0 0 0 1 2 4 , 2 0 0 1 3 , 8 0 0 3 5 , 0 0 0 2 1 , 2 0 0 P3 6 0 , 0 0 0 9 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 1 0 , 0 0 0 DOL=T CM/ OP =4 0 , 0 0 0 / 1 0 , 0 0 0 4t i me s %i n c r e a s ei ns a l e sxDOL=%i n c r e a s ei np r o fi t 4x2 0 %=8 0 % 28 29 30 31 . . An s we r :B 2 0 0 6DOL=2 7 5 , 0 0 0 / 7 5 , 0 0 0 Pe r c e n t a g eI n c r e a s ei np r o fi t , 2 0 0 7=3 . 6 7x3 0 % 2 0 0 7Pr o fi t =7 5 , 0 0 0+ ( 7 5 , 0 0 0x1 . 1 0 ) An s we r :A Pe s os a l e s1 2 , 0 0 0 / ( 0 . 4 0–0 . 1 ) Un i t s a l e s P4 0 , 0 0 0 / 1 0 I n c r e a s e du n i t s4 , 0 0 0x1 . 2 5 Re v i s e dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n5 , 0 0 0x( 9–6 ) L e s sfi x e dc o s t Re v i s e dp r o fi t . An s we r :B Pr o j e c t e dc o s t o f s a l e s : P8 0 0 , 0 0 0+( P3 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 6 5 ) . 3 . 6 7 1 1 0 % P1 5 7 , 5 0 0 P4 0 , 0 0 0 4 , 0 0 0 5 , 0 0 0 P1 5 , 0 0 0 1 2 , 0 0 0 P3 , 0 0 0 P2 , 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 An s we r :B Un i t CM=Ch a n g ei nPr o fi t ÷Ch a n g ei nSa l e s =2 0 0 , 0 0 0÷( 1 0 0 , 0 0 0–7 5 , 0 0 0 ) Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 =8 F i x e dc o s t s=Br e a k e v e nu n i t sxUCM 7 5 , 0 0 0x8=6 0 0 , 0 0 0 32 33 34 . An s we r :B Un i t c o s t : Ma t e r i a l s( P3 6 , 0 0 0÷2 4 , 0 0 0 ) L a b o r( P5 4 , 0 0 0÷2 4 , 0 0 0 ) Va r i a b l es e l l i n ge x p e n s e Va r i a b l eu n i t c o s t Re q u i r e dp r o fi t( 2 , 2 5 0÷1 , 5 0 0 ) Re q u i r e dmi n i mu ms e l l i n gp r i c e P1 . 5 0 2 . 2 5 0 . 3 5 P4 . 1 0 1 . 5 0 P5 . 6 0 . An s we r :D Co mp o s i t er a t i o : X:6 4 0 , 0 0 0÷( 7 2 0 , 0 0 0+6 4 0 , 0 0 0 ) Y:7 2 0 , 0 0 0÷( 7 2 0 , 0 0 0+6 4 0 , 0 0 0 ) 4 7 . 0 5 9 % 5 2 . 9 4 1 % We i g h t e d Av e r a g eCo n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i n : ( . 5 2 9 4 1×. 6 0 )+( . 4 7 0 5 9×. 4 0 ) 0 . 5 0 5 8 8 2 Br e a k e v e ns a l e si np e s o s : ( 5 0 5 , 8 8 1÷0 . 5 0 5 8 8 2 ) P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Y’ sp e s os a l e sa t b r e a k e v e n P1 Mx0 . 4 7 0 5 9 P4 7 0 , 5 9 0 . An s we r :A Sa l e s( 5 0 0 , 0 0 0x1 . 1 0 ) Va r i a b l ec o s t Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n 5 5 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 CMR=2 5 0÷5 5 0=4 5 . 4 5 % Or i g i n a l fi x e dc o s t s : 5 0 0 , 0 0 0–3 0 0 , 0 0 0–1 5 0 , 0 0 0=5 0 , 0 0 0 Ne wfi x e dc o s t =5 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 8 0=4 0 , 0 0 0 Br e a k e v e ns a l e s=4 0 , 0 0 0 / 0 . 4 5 4 5=P8 8 , 0 0 0 35 . An s we r :B Be f o r e t a xp r o fi t( 2 4 , 0 0 0÷0 . 6 ) Ad dfi x e dc o s t s T o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t( P2 4 0 , 0 0 0÷4 0 , 0 0 0 ) Va r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t Se l l i n gp r i c e 36 P4 0 , 0 0 0 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 P2 4 0 , 0 0 0 P6 . 0 0 6 . 0 0 P1 2 . 0 0 . An s we r :A DOL=CM/ OP =2 7 5 , 0 0 0 / 7 5 , 0 0 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 =3 . 6 7t i me s 37 . An s we r :C Pe s os a l e s:F C÷( CMR-Pr o fi t Ma r g i n ) =P2 1 0 , 0 0 0÷( 0 . 5 5-0 . 1 5 ) =P5 2 5 , 0 0 0 CMR=1 0 0 %-4 5 %=5 5 % 38 . An s we r :B CMR:Ch a n g ei nF i x e dCo s t s÷Ch a n g ei nBr e a k e v e nSa l e s 7 8 , 7 5 0÷( 9 7 5 , 0 0 0–7 5 0 , 0 0 0 ) 0 . 3 5 F i x e dc o s t sb e f o r ea ni n c r e a s eo f 7 8 , 7 5 0 : 7 5 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 3 5 2 6 2 , 5 0 0 Th ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t so fP7 8 , 7 5 0e q u a l st h ei n c r e a s ei nc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ni no r d e rt oc o n t i n u ea tb r e a k e v e n s a l e s . 39 . An s we r : D UCM =( 7 0 , 0 0 0x1 . 2 0 ) + ( 4 0 , 0 0 0x3 ) 7 0 , 0 0 0–4 0 , 0 0 0 =P6 . 8 0 F C=Un i t s ( UCM–p r o fi t p e ru n i t ) =7 0 , 0 0 0 ( 6 . 8 0–1 . 2 0 ) =P3 9 2 , 0 0 0 BEU=3 9 2 , 0 0 0 / 6 . 8 0 =5 7 , 6 4 7 40 41 42 43 . An s we r : A Ma r g i no f s a f e t yi np e s os a l e s=Bu d g e t e ds a l e s–Br e a k e v e ns a l e s Ma r g i no f s a f e t y=P1 M–P . 7 M . . An s we r :A 2 0 0 6Sa l e s Ad v e r t i s i n gCo s t ( 7 5 0 0 0÷. 6 ) Re q u i r e d2 0 0 7p e s os a l e s An s we r :A Re v i s e dWACM( 0 . 5x1 . 5 0 )+( 0 . 5x2 ) Or i g i n a l WACM( 0 . 4x1 . 5 0 )+( 0 . 6x2 ) Re v i s e dBr e a k e v e nu n i t s1 2 , 6 0 0 / 1 . 7 5 Or i g i n a l Br e a k e v e nu n i t s1 2 , 6 0 0 / 1 . 8 0 I n c r e a s ei nb r e a k e v e nu n i t s . An s we r :C WACM =( 3 0x0 . 6 )+( 6 0x0 . 4 ) P3 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 1 , 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 1 . 7 5 1 . 8 0 7 , 2 0 0 7 , 0 0 0 2 0 0 P4 2 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Br e a k e v e nu n i t s :6 3 0 , 0 0 0 / 4 2 1 5 , 0 0 0 Br e a k d o wn : Pr o d u c t St a n d a r d1 5 , 0 0 0x0 . 6 Pr o d u c t De l u x e1 5 , 0 0 0x0 . 4 44 . An s we r : B WACM=( 4 / 7x0 . 4 0 ) + ( 3 / 7x0 . 9 3=P0 . 6 2 8 5 7 BEu n i t s=7 , 6 0 0 / 0 . 6 2 8 5 7=1 2 , 0 9 1 Ba u b l e s=1 2 , 0 9 1x4 / 7=6 , 9 0 9 T r i n k e t s=1 2 , 0 9 1x3 / 7=5 , 1 8 2 45 . An s we r :C T o t a l s a l e sr e v e n u ep e rc o mp o s i t es a l e s : ( 1 2xP5 . 2 5 )+( 1 0xP7 . 5 0 )+( 6xP1 2 . 2 5 ) T o t a l v a r i a b l ec o s t p e rc o mp o s i t es a l e s : ( 1 2xP4 . 8 5 )+( 1 0xP6 . 9 5 )+( 6xP1 0 . 3 5 ) T o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e rc o mp o s i t es a l e s ( P2 1 1 . 5 0-P1 8 9 . 8 0 ) Co mp o s i t eb r e a k e v e np o i n t P7 5 , 9 5 0÷P2 1 . 7 0 9 , 0 0 0 6 , 0 0 0 P2 1 1 . 5 0 P1 8 9 . 8 0 P2 1 . 7 0 3 , 5 0 0 No t e :T o t a l b r e a k e v e nu n i t s :3 , 5 0 0x2 8=9 8 , 0 0 0 46 47 . An s we r :C WACMR=( . 6x. 4 )+( . 4x. 1 5 ) F i x e dCo s t s=2 2 5 0 0 0x1 . 3 Sa l e s( 2 9 2 5 0 0+4 8 0 0 0 )÷. 3 . An s we r :C UCM=( 6 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 7 5 ) + ( 4 5 , 0 0 0x1 . 2 5 ) 6 0 , 0 0 0–4 5 , 0 0 0 =6 . 7 5 F i x e dc o s t =( 6 0 , 0 0 0x6 . 7 5 ) ( 6 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 7 5 ) 48 49 . An s we r : B BEV=6 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 6–1 2 P3 6 0 , 0 0 0 P1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r : B CMR=Be f o r eT a xPr o fi t Ma r g i n M/ SRa t i o =( 0 . 0 6÷0 . 6 )÷. 2 5 =4 0 % F C=( 1 2 0 , 0 0 0x. 4 0 )–( 1 2 0 , 0 0 0x. 1 0 )=P3 6 , 0 0 0 An n u a l F C=3 6 , 0 0 0x1 2 50 3 0 % P2 9 2 , 5 0 0 P1 , 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 . P4 3 2 , 0 0 0 An s we r :A Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 51 52 53 54 55 56 . Pr o fi t Ma r g i n=2 0 %x1 0 %=2 % Pr o fi t =4 0 0 , 0 0 0x2 %=8 , 0 0 0 F i x e dCo s t s=CM-Pr o fi t F i x e dCo s t s=( 4 0 0 , 0 0 0x2 0 %)–8 , 0 0 0 P7 2 , 0 0 0 An s we r : A Re v i s e dUCM=2 5–1 9 . 8 0–( 5x0 . 0 8 ) BEU=4 6 8 , 0 0 0 / 4 . 8 0 P4 . 8 0 9 7 , 5 0 0 . An s we r :A Th eCo mp a n yp r o j e c t e dz e r op r o fi t b a s e do nz e r oa d v e r t i s i n ge x p e n d i t u r e . Ad d i t i o n a l CM( 3 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s@ 1 0 ) P3 0 0 , 0 0 0 L e s s : Re q u i r e dp r o fi t 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 Ma x i mu ma d v e r t i s i n gc o s t P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . . An s we r :B Ca s h fl o wb r e a k e v e n :2 7 0 , 0 0 0÷( 1 0 0 6 0 ) An s we r :A CMR=Be f o r e t a xr e t u r no ns a l e s / MSR =( 0 . 0 6 0 . 6 0 ) 0 . 2 5 BES=3 2 0 , 0 0 0 0 . 4 0 Sa l e s=8 0 0 , 0 0 0 0 . 7 5 0 . 4 0o r4 0 % P8 0 0 , 0 0 0 P1 , 0 6 6 , 6 6 7 . An s we r :B Th ee a s i e rc a l c u l a t i o no f s a l e sv a l u eo f 6 0 , 0 0 0u n i t si st od i v i d et h et o t a l a n n u a l c o s t sb yt o t a l c o s t r a t i oo f 8 5 %( 1 0 0 %1 5 %) . Sa l e sr e q u i r e d=P1 , 9 1 2 , 5 0 0 / 0 . 8 5 P2 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 Un i t s e l l i n gp r i c e=2 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 / 6 0 , 0 0 0 P3 7 . 5 0 . An s we r :D I n d i ff e r e n c ePo i n t =Ch a n g ei nF i x e dCo s t ÷Ch a n g ei nVa r i a b l eCo s t I n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t :2@ 1 5 , 0 0 0 P3 0 , 0 0 0 De c r e a s ei nv a r i a b l ec o s t ( 1 5 %-7 . 5 %)8 0 P6 I n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n t :3 0 , 0 0 0÷6 57 6 , 7 5 0 . 5 , 0 0 0u n i t s An s we r : A WACM=( 0 . 2 5x5 ) + ( 0 . 7 5x7 ) =6 . 5 0 BEU=9 7 5 , 0 0 0 / 6 . 5 0 =1 5 0 , 0 0 0 58 . An s we r : B Th ea d d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t so f P1 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0s h o u l db ef u l l yc o v e r e db yt h es a mea mo u n t a sa d d i t i o n a l s a l e s( a l s oa d d i t i o n a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n )t h r o u g ha ni n c r e a s ei ns e l l i n gp r i c e . I n c r e a s e dp r i c e P1 2 0+ ( 1 . 2 0 M/ 8 0 , 0 0 0 ) P1 3 5 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 59 60 61 . An s we r :A Br e a k e v e np o i n t : Ol dp o l i c y : P8 0 , 0 0 0 / 7 Ne wp o l i c y :P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 / 8 I n c r e a s ei nBr e a k e v e np o i n t 1 1 , 4 2 9 1 2 , 5 0 0 1 , 0 7 1 . An s we r :B WACMR=( . 4x. 2 )+( . 5x . 3 )+( . 4x . 5 )=0 . 4 3 BES=1 , 2 9 0 , 0 0 0÷. 4 3=P3 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :A Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n1 2 , 0 0 0x( 1 , 5 0 0–9 0 0 ) F i x e dc o s t s Op e r a t i n gp r o fi t P7 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 3 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 P3 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 DOL : 7 . 2 / 3 . 6=2t i me s 62 . An s we r :B Th ei n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n t r e f e r st ot h el e v e l o f s a l e st h a t wo u l dg i v ee q u a l p r o fi t o rt o t a l c o s t sf o r t h et woa l t e r n a t i v e s 1 1 . 3 0 x+6 0 , 0 0 0= 8 . 9 0 x+8 2 , 5 0 0 2 . 4 0 x= 2 2 , 5 0 0 x=9 , 3 7 5 63 . An s we r :C Va r i a b l ec o s t r a t i o=2 . 2 5 / 7 . 5 0=3 0 % Va r i a b l ec o s t n e x t y e a r=2 . 2 5x1 . 3 3 3 3=3 Se l l i n gp r i c er e q u i r e d=3 / 0 . 3 0=P1 0 64 . An s we r :B T o t a l F i x e dCo s t Op e r a t i n gPr o fi t T o t a l Co n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i n P1 5 4 , 0 0 0 2 6 , 0 0 0 P1 8 0 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n gp r i c e Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t ( 1 8 0 , 0 0 0÷1 2 , 0 0 0 ) Un i t v a r i a b l ec o s t 65 . An s we r :C F i x e dc o s t s Op e r a t i n gp r o fi t Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n 66 1 5 P5 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 7 2 0 , 0 0 0 Un i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n7 2 0 , 0 0 0÷4 0 0 , 0 0 0 Se l l i n gp r i c e( 1 . 8 0÷0 . 4 0 ) P2 0 1 . 8 0 P4 . 5 0 . An s we r :B Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e rma c h i n eh o u r :Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t xNo . o f u n i t sp r o d u c e dp e rma c h i n eh o u r s Pr o d u c t A P2 0x6 P1 2 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Pr o d u c t B 67 P1 6x8 . An s we r :A 4 4 0 , 0 0 0+( 1 1 0 , 4 0 0 / 0 . 6 1 )= 4–2 . 7 0 P1 2 8 4 8 0 , 0 0 0 Re v i s e dv a r i a b l ec o s t :P2 . 4 0+( P2 . 0 0x0 . 1 5 ) 68 . An s we r :D VCRa t i o3 7 5 , 0 0 / 6 2 5 , 0 0 0=6 0 % VC/ u n i t 3 7 5 , 0 0 0 / 2 5 , 0 0 0=P1 5 Ne wVC=1 5+( 4 . 5 0–2 . 5 0 ) =P1 7 SP=1 7 / 0 . 6=P2 8 . 3 3 69 . An s we r :B Th el e v e l o f s a l e st h a t wo u l dg i v ee q u a l c o s t s : 0 . 0 6 S=( 4 0x2 4 , 0 0 0 ) +0 . 0 2 S 0 . 0 4 S=9 6 0 , 0 0 0 S=2 4 M 70 . An s we r :C Ad d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t / we e k : 3 1 , 2 0 0 / 5 2=6 0 0 P2 . 7 0 Ad d i t i o n a l we e k l ys a l e st oc o v e ra d d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t : 6 0 0 / 0 . 2 5=2 , 4 0 0 T o t a l Su n d a y ’ ss a l e s( wh e r e2 , 4 0 0r e p r e s e n t s2 5 %) : 2 , 4 0 0 / 0 . 2 5=9 , 6 0 0 Al t e r n a t i v es o l u t i o n : 6 0 0=0 . 2 5x0 . 2 5 S 6 0 0=0 . 0 6 2 5 S S=9 , 6 0 0 71 . An s we r :A Ne wBES=8 7 3 , 6 0 0 / 1 4 0=6 , 2 4 0 Ne wF C=8 4 0 , 0 0 0x1 . 0 4=8 7 3 , 6 0 0 Ne wCM=2 5 0–1 0 0– ( 1 0 0x0 . 1 0 )=1 4 0 Ol dBES=8 4 0 , 0 0 0 / 1 5 0=5 , 6 0 0 I n c r e a s ei nBEU=6 , 2 4 0–5 , 6 0 0=6 4 0 72 . An s we r :C Co mp o s i t eCM=4 0+( 2x2 0 ) =8 0 Co mp o s i t eBE=9 1 0 , 0 0 0 / 8 0 =1 1 , 3 7 5 73 . An s we r :C Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Re q u i r e dn e ws a l e s=2 0 0 5s a l e s+( P1 1 2 , 5 0 0 / CMR) =P5 M+ ( P1 1 2 , 5 0 0 / 0 . 4 5 ) P5 . 2 5 M CMR=( 2 5 0–1 3 7 . 5 0 ) / 2 5 0 4 5 % 74 . An s we r :A Br e a k e v e nu n i t s=8 0 7 , 8 4 0÷5 . 3 0 1 5 2 , 4 2 3 Ne wCM/ u n i t =2 0–1 4 . 7 0=5 . 3 0 Ne wv a r i a b l ec o s t : ( 1 4+( 1 4x . 5x0 . 1 0 )=1 4 . 7 0 Ne wF C=7 9 2 , 0 0 0+( 7 9 2 , 0 0 0x . 2 0 x . 1 0 )=8 0 7 , 8 4 0 75 . An s we r :A I n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n t = De c r e a s ei nF i x e dCo s t I n c r e a s ei nVa r i a b l eCo s t =8 0 , 0 0 0 / 0 . 0 5 =P1 . 6 0 M 76 . An s we r :D Pr o c e s s i n gh o u r sp e ru n i t : XY–7 : 0 . 7 5 / 1=0 . 7 5o r4 5mi n u t e s BD–4 : 0 . 2 0 / 1=0 . 2 0o r1 2mi n u t e s Ad d i t i o n a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nu s i n g1 0 0 , 0 0 0h o u r s : XY–7 : 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 / 0 . 7 5xP1=P1 3 3 , 3 3 3 BD–4 : 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 / 0 . 2 0xP0 . 5 0=P2 5 0 , 0 0 0 77 . An s we r : B Un i t ss o l dt oe a r nP1 M: ( 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0+1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 )/ 5 . 2 5=3 8 0 , 9 5 2 Th eu s eo f P1 Mfi x e dc o s t swi l l r e q u i r e3 8 0 , 9 5 2u n i t swh i c ha r ewi t h i nt h efi r s t r a n g e . 78 . An s we r : A F i x e dc o s t s =7 9 2 , 0 0 0+ ( 7 9 2 , 0 0 0x0 . 2 0x0 . 1 0 ) =8 0 7 , 8 4 0 UCM=2 0–1 4– ( 1 4x0 . 5 0x0 . 1 0 ) =5 . 3 0 Co mp u t a t i o n=8 0 7 , 8 4 0 / 5 . 3 0 79 . An s we r :A Co s t o f o n e4 – f o o t p i e c eo f me t a l4x1 3 . 6 0 L e s sp r o c e e d sf r o ms a l eo f s c r a p6 . 4/ 1 6x8 Ne t c o s t o f o n e4 -f o o t p i e c eo f me t a l 5 4 . 4 0 3 . 2 0 5 1 . 2 0 Ne t c o s t p e ro u n c eP5 1 . 2 0÷2 5 . 6o z P2 . 0 0 Ou t p u t p e ro n e4 f o o t p i e c eo f me t a l L a r g e4x4 o z 1 6 . 0 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 80 81 . . Sma l l 4x2 . 4 o z Sc r a p T o t a l o z 9 . 6 0 6 . 4 0 3 2 . 0 0 An s we r :B Ma t e r i a l c o s t p e ru n i t L a r g e : 4xP2x1 . 8 Sma l l 2 . 4xP2x1 . 7 5 P1 4 . 4 0 P8 . 4 0 An s we r :A Un i t CM L a r g e : 2 9 . 0 0–( 8 . 5x1 . 8 )=1 3 . 7 0 Sma l l : 1 4 . 0 0–(5 . 1x1 . 7 5 )=5 . 0 7 5 WACM=( 1 3 . 7 0+5 . 0 7 5 )÷2=9 . 3 8 7 5 Br e a k e v e np o i n t =8 6 0 , 0 0 0 / 9 . 3 8 7 5 =9 1 , 6 1 1 82 83 84 85 86 . An s we r :C CM/ u n i t4 0 5 , 0 0 0÷1 , 8 0 0 BEV=2 4 7 , 5 0 0÷2 2 5 2 2 5 1 , 1 0 0u n i t s . An s we r :A Op e r a t i n gPr o fi t : ( 2 , 1 0 0x2 2 5 )–2 4 7 , 5 0 0=P2 2 5 , 0 0 0 Af t e r – t a xp r o fi t : 2 2 5 , 0 0 0x6 0 %= 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :C Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n Re g u l a rs a l e s1 , 5 0 0x2 2 5 Sp e c i a l s a l e1 5 0 0x1 7 5 T o t a l Co n t r i b u t i o n F i x e dc o s t s T a x a b l ei n c o me I n c o met a x Ne t i n c o me 3 3 7 , 5 0 0 2 6 2 , 5 0 0 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 2 4 7 , 5 0 0 3 5 2 , 5 0 0 1 4 1 , 0 0 0 2 1 1 , 5 0 0 . An s we r :A Ad d i t i o n a l F C/ Ne wUn i t CM 6 1 , 5 0 0÷2 0 0=3 0 7 . 5t o n s . An s we r :D Ne wSP=5 0 0x. 9 0 4 5 0 1 0 0 %Ne wVC2 7 5+4 0 3 1 5 7 0 %Ne wCM1 3 5 3 0 % Sa l e sr e q u i r e d : ] ( F i x e dc o s t s+Be f o r eT a xp r o fi t )÷CMR 2 4 7 , 5 0 0+( 9 4 , 5 0 0÷6 0 ) P1 , 3 5 0 , 0 0 0 87 . An s we r :A Un i t s a l e sr e q u i r e d : ( 3 1 6 , 8 0 0+4 0 , 0 0 0 )÷2 7 . 2 0 =1 3 , 1 1 8p a i r s Un i t Co n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i n , T o u r i n g : Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 8 0 . 0 0–5 2 . 8 0 88 89 90 P2 7 . 2 0 . An s we r :A I n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n t i np e s os a l e s : 0 . 4 S–P3 6 9 , 6 0 0=0 . 3 4 S–P3 1 6 , 8 0 0 0 . 0 6 S=5 2 , 8 0 0 S=P8 8 0 , 0 0 0 . . An s we r :D Br e a k e v e ns a l e s , Mo u n t a i n e e r i n g : 3 6 9 , 6 0 0÷3 5 . 2 0= Re q u i r e dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n–T o u r i n g 3 1 6 , 8 0 0÷1 0 , 5 0 0= Pr e s e n t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n–T o u r i n g Re q u i r e dd e c r e a s ei nv a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t An s we r :A Ne wb r e a k e v e np o i n t :3 4 8 , 4 8 0÷3 2 . 4 8 Ne wUCM, T o u r i n g :2 7 . 2 0+( 5 2 . 8 0x0 . 1 ) Ne wF i x e dc o s t s :3 1 6 , 8 0 0x1 . 1 1 0 , 5 0 0 3 0 . 1 7 2 7 . 2 0 2 . 9 7 1 0 , 7 3 0 =3 2 . 4 8 =3 4 8 , 4 8 0 91 . An s we r :C Th ei n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n ti nn u mb e ro fp a i r si s6 , 6 0 0 .I n a s mu c ht h a tt h ee x p e c t e dl e v e l i s1 2 , 0 0 0u n i t s ,i ti sb e t t e rt os e l l Mo u n t a i n e e r i n gb e c a u s ei t h a sh i g hl e v e r a g et h a nt h et o u r i n gmo d e l .On c et h ei n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n ti se x c e e d e d ,t h eo n e wi t ht h eh i g h e rc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n( l e v e r a g e )h a st h ea d v a n t a g eo v e rt h eo n ewi t ht h el o we r c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n . 92 . An s we r :B F i x e dCo s t s : Ov e r h e a d Ma r k e t i n g Ad mi n i s t r a t i v e I n t e r e s t T o t a l 2 , 3 4 0 , 0 0 0 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 5 4 0 , 0 0 0 4 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i o : 1-[ ( 7 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0+2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) / 1 6 M] =4 0 % Br e a k e v e nn e x t y e a rwi t hn oc h a n g ei nc o mmi s s i o n : 4 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0÷0 . 4=P1 2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 93 . An s we r :C I f t h ec o mmi s s i o nr a t ei si n c r e a s e db y5 %, t h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ni sd e c r e a s e db y5 %o ran e wc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i o o f 3 5 % Br e a k e v e ns a l e sn e x t y e a r . 4 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0/ 0 . 3 5=P1 3 , 7 1 4 , 2 8 6 94 . An s we r :A F i x e dc o s t u n d e r1 5 %c o mmi s s i o np l a n 4 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 I n c r e a s ei nF i x e dc o s t De c r e a s ei na u d i t f e e I n c r e a s e dfi x e dc o s t s 2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 (7 5 , 0 0 0 ) 7 , 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 Th ec o mmi s s i o nr a t eo f 7 . 5 %, i n s t e a do f 1 5 %wi l l r a i s et h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i ot o4 7 . 5 %( 4 0 %+7 . 5 %) . Re v i s e db r e a k e v e ns a l e s7 , 1 2 5 , 0 0 0/ . 4 7 5=P1 5 M 95 . An s we r :A Re q u i r e ds a l e s , wi t h2 0 %c o mmi s s i o na n dp r o fi t t a r g e t o f P1 , 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 : ( P4 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0+1 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 )÷. 3 5=1 8 , 2 8 5 , 7 1 4 96 . An s we r :D Th eq u e s t i o na s k e df o ri st h ei n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n t .Th ep e s os a l e sr e q u i r e dt op r o d u c ee q u a li n c o mec a nb ee a s i l y c a l c u l a t e db yd i v i d i n gt h en e t i n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t sb yt h ei n c r e a s ei nc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i o : Di ff e r e n c ei nCMR=3 5 %-4 7 . 5=1 2 . 5 % I n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t s=2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0–7 5 , 0 0 0 I n d i ff e r e n c ePo i n t :2 , 3 2 5 , 0 0 0÷0 . 1 2 5 P2 , 3 2 5 , 0 0 0 P1 8 . 6 M Al t e r n a t i v eSo l u t i o n : . 3 5 5–4 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0=. 4 7 5 S–7 , 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 . 1 2 5 S=2 , 3 2 5 , 0 0 0 S=P1 8 , 6 M 97 . An s we r :C Bi l l i n gc h a r g ep e rp a t i e n t d a y Va r i a b l ec o s t p e rp a t i e n t d a y Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n Nu mb e ro f p a t i e n t d a y sf o rt h ey e a r : P1 0 , 6 7 6 , 2 5 0 / 6 5 0 Va r i a b l ec o s t p e rp a t i e n t d a y : P2 , 4 6 3 , 6 5 0 ÷ 1 6 , 4 2 5 98 . An s we r :B F i x e dc o s t sf o rb e dc a p a c i t y Sa l a r y , s u p e r v i s o r yn u r s e T o t a l P6 5 0 1 5 0 P5 0 0 1 6 , 4 2 5 P1 5 0 P4 , 1 9 0 , 0 0 0 7 2 0 , 0 0 0 P4 , 9 1 0 , 0 0 0 Nu mb e ro f p a t i e n t d a y sr e q u i r e dt oc o v e rfi x e dc o s t sf o rb e dc a p a c i t ya n ds a l a r i e so f s u p e r v i s o r yn u r s e 4 , 9 1 0 , 0 0 0÷5 0 0 9 , 8 2 0 99 . An s we r :B I ns o l v i n gf o rt h eb r e a k e v e nl e v e lwh e r et h e r ea r es t e pfi x e dc o s t s ,t h el o g i c a la p p r o a c hi st ot e s tt h ev a l i d i t yo ft h e r a n g e so f a c t i v i t i e s . F i r s t Ra n g e : Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 F i x e dc o s t sb a s e do nc a p a c i t y 4 , 1 9 0 , 0 0 0Sa l a r i e s : Ai d e s2 1x5 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 Nu r s e s1 1x1 3 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 4 3 0 , 0 0 0 Su p e r v i s o r 4x1 8 0 , 0 0 07 2 0 , 0 0 0 3 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 T o t a l 7 , 3 9 0 , 0 0 0 Br e a k e v e nc a l c u l a t i o n :7 , 3 9 0 , 0 0 0÷5 0 0 1 4 , 7 8 0 Th ec a l c u l a t e db r e a k e v e np o i n to f1 4 , 7 8 0i si n v a l i db e c a u s et h en u mb e rf a l l su n d e rt h es e c o n dr a n g ewh e r e i nt h e a mo u n t o f fi x e dc o s t st h a t h a db e e nu s e da r en o t r e l e v a n t t ot h a t r a n g e . Se c o n dRa n g e( F i n a l c a l c u l a t i o n ) : T o t a l fi x e dc o s t , l o we s t r a n g e Ad d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t : 1a i d e 1n u r s e T o t a l Br e a k e v e ni np a t i e n t d a y s : 7 , 5 7 0 , 0 0 0÷5 0 0 100 101 . An s we r :A Ad d i t i o n a l r e v e n u e si f 2 0b e d sa r er e n t e d : 9 0d a y s@ 1 7p a t i e n t d a y sx6 5 0 103 104 1 5 , 1 4 0 9 9 4 , 5 0 0 P2 2 9 , 5 0 0 . An s we r :A Th ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t b a s e do nb e dc a p a c i t y : P4 , 1 9 0 , 2 5 0÷6 0x2 0 P1 , 3 9 6 , 7 5 0 . An s we r :A T a xs h i e l di nn o nc a s he x p e n s e s 4 0 %x8 0 0 , 0 0 0 =P3 2 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :A Br e a k e v e ni nn u mb e ro f p i z z a s( t r a d i t i o n a l ) 4 , 5 3 7 , 5 0 0 / ( 2 5 0–7 5 ) =2 5 , 9 2 9 Un i t ss o l d : P9 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 / 2 5 0 =3 8 , 0 0 0 Un i t v a r i a b l ec o s t ( c o s t o f f o o d ) 2 , 8 5 0 , 0 0 0÷3 8 , 0 0 0 =P7 5 . 0 0 F i x e dc o s t =7 , 3 8 7 , 5 0 0–2 , 8 5 0 , 0 0 0 105 5 0 , 0 0 0 1 3 0 , 0 0 0 7 , 5 7 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :B I n c r e a s ei nv a r i a b l ec o s t s h o u l db ec a l c u l a t e db a s e do na d d i t i o n a l p a t i e n t d a y sf o r 9 0d a y sa t P1 5 0p e r p a t i e n t d a y . 1 7b e d sx9 0d a y sxP1 5 0 102 7 , 3 9 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :A Ca s hF l o wBr e a k e v e n : 3 , 4 1 7 , 5 0 0÷1 7 5 T o t a l fi x e dc o s t : L e s s : No n c a s hfi x e dc o s t P4 , 5 3 7 , 5 0 0 1 9 , 5 2 9 P4 , 5 3 7 , 5 0 0 (8 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 T a xs h i e l do nn o n c a s h F i x e dc o s t s F i x e dc a s hfl o w 106 (3 2 0 , 0 0 0 ) P3 , 4 1 7 , 5 0 0 . An s we r :A Br e a k e v e ns a l e sb a s e do n2 0 %c o mmi s s i o n : P1 0 0 , 0 0 0÷0 . 2 0 P5 0 0 , 0 0 0 Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i o : ( 1 0 M–8 M)÷1 0 M 2 0 % 107 . An s we r :D Br e a k e v e ns a l e si f t h ec o mp a n ye mp l o y si t so wns a l e s me n : ( P3 5 0 , 0 0 0÷0 . 3 5 ) Th en e wc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr a t i oi s( 2 0 %+1 5 %) P1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 3 5 % F i x e dc o s t sa r ee x p e c t e dt ob eP3 5 0 , 0 0 0 ( 1 0 0 , 0 0 0+9 0 , 0 0 0+1 6 0 , 0 0 0 ) 108 . An s we r : D Th er e q u i r e dp e s os a l e st oe a r nn e t i n c o meo f P1 , 3 3 0 , 0 0 0i f t h ec o mmi s s i o ni sr a i s e dt o2 5 %: ( P1 0 0 , 0 0 0+P1 , 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 )÷0 . 1 5 P1 3 , 3 3 3 , 3 3 3 109 . An s we r :B Th ei n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n t , t h el e v e l o f s a l e swh e r et h ea l t e r n a t i v e swi l l h a v ee q u a l p r o fi t s : . 1 5 S-1 0 0 , 0 0 0=. 3 5 S–3 5 0 , 0 0 0 2 S=2 5 0 , 0 0 0 S=P1 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 110 . An s we r :C Th ep r o b l e mi l l u s t r a t e sac a l c u l a t i o no f b r e a k e v e np o i n t f o rac o mp a n ywi t has t e pv a r i a b l ea n ds t e pfi x e dc o s t . Co n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i np e rUn i t : 6 0 , 0 0 0o rl e s s( P3 0–P1 2 . 5 0 ) Un i t sa b o v e6 0 , 0 0 0( P3 0–P1 4 . 0 0 ) T o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nf r o mt h efi r s t 6 0 , 0 0 0( 6 0 , 0 0 0xP1 7 . 5 0 ) P1 7 . 5 0 P1 6 . 0 0 P2 8 0 , 0 0 0 L e t X=Nu mb e ro f u n i t sa b o v e1 6 , 0 0 0 0=2 8 0 , 0 0 0+1 6 X3 6 0 , 0 0 0 X=8 0 , 0 0 0÷1 6 X=5 , 0 0 0u n i t s Br e a k e v e nu n i t s :1 6 , 0 0 0+5 , 0 0 0 2 1 , 0 0 0 Al t e r n a t i v eSo l u t i o n : Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 T o t a l fi x e dc o s t s L e s sCo n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nf r o m6 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s Re ma i n i n gfi x e dc o s t st ob ec o v e r e db y a d d i t i o n a l u n i t s , e a c hwi t hCMo f P1 6 Br e a k e v e nu n i t s :1 6 , 0 0 0+( 8 0 , 0 0 0÷1 6 ) 111 P8 0 , 0 0 0 2 1 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :B Th eu n i t st h a twi l l g e n e r a t et h ed e s i r e dp r o fi to fP1 5 0 , 0 0 0f o rt h ec o mp a n y ,c o n t r i b u t e sP1 6e a c h .Th e s eu n i t sa r et h e e x c e s so f 2 1 , 0 0 0u n i t st ob r e a k e v e n . Un i t s a l e sr e q u i r e d : 2 1 , 0 0 0+( 1 5 0 , 0 0 0÷P1 6 ) 112 P3 6 0 , 0 0 0 2 8 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 , 3 7 5 . An s we r :B Th eb o n u sp l a no fP1 . 0 0p e ru n i to ns a l e sma d ei ne x c e s so fb r e a k e v e np o i n t( 2 1 , 0 0 0u n i t s )wi l l n e c e s s a r i l yd e c r e a s e t h ec o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nt oP1 5 . Th ed e s i r e dp r o fi t b a s e do nfi x e dc o s t : 2 5 %xP3 6 0 , 0 0 0 P9 0 , 0 0 0 Un i t sr e q u i r e d :2 1 , 0 0 0+( P9 0 , 0 0 0÷1 5 ) 2 7 , 0 0 0 113 . An s we r :B I nd e t e r mi n i n gt h emi n i mu ms e l l i n gp r i c ef o rt h e8 , 0 0 0u n i t ss h o u l dc o n s i d e rt h ei n c r e a s e dv a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t a n dt h e a d d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t .An yc o s t a n dl o s s e so nt h efi r s t 1 6 , 0 0 0u n i t sa r ei r r e l e v a n t : Va r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t P1 4 . 0 0 Ad d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t p e ru n i t ( 1 0 , 0 0 0÷8 , 0 0 0 ) 1 . 2 5 Mi n i mu ms e l l i n gp r i c e P1 5 . 2 5 114 . An s we r :A Th en e t i n c o mef o rt h emo n t hi f t h en e we q u i p me n t i sa c q u i r e d : Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nb a s e do nt h ep r e s e n t s y s t e m Ad di n c r e a s ei nc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nd u et o d e c r e a s ei nv a r i a b l ec o s t ( 1 5 , 0 0 0x9 ) I n c r e a s e dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n L e s sI n c r e a s e dfi x e dc o s t s Ne t i n c o me 115 116 P1 3 5 , 0 0 0 1 3 5 , 0 0 0 2 7 0 , 0 0 0 2 2 5 , 0 0 0 P4 5 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :B Th ei n c r e a s ei nb r e a k e v e np o i n t wo u l db e : ( 1 2 , 5 0 0–1 0 , 0 0 0 ) Br e a k e v e n , p r e s e n t ( P9 0 , 0 0 0÷P9 ) Br e a k e v e n , p r o p o s e d( P2 2 5 , 0 0 0÷P1 8 ) 2 , 5 0 0u n i t s 1 0 , 0 0 0u n i t s 1 2 , 5 0 0u n i t s . An s we r :C Th ed e g r e eo f o p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g e( DOL ) d u r i n gt h emo n t ht h a t t h en e w Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 e q u i p me n t wo u l db eu s e d :( 2 7 0 , 0 0 0÷4 5 , 0 0 0 ) 6 X ( Pl e a s es e es o l u t i o nf o rNo . 9 4 ) 117 . An s we r :A Br e a k e v e nu n i t si f t h e r ei sac h a n g ei nma r k e t i n gme t h o d : P4 8 , 0 0 0÷6 8 , 0 0 0u n i t s Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e ru n i t : ( F i x e dc o s t +p r o fi t )÷Un i t ss o l d ( P4 8 , 0 0 0+P6 0 , 0 0 0 )÷1 8 , 0 0 0u n i t s 118 P6 . 0 0 . An s we r :B Th ep e r c e n t a g ei n c r e a s ei np r o fi tc a nb ec a l c u l a t e db ymu l t i p l y i n gt h ed e g r e eo fo p e r a t i n gl e v e r a g e( DOL )b yt h e p e r c e n t a g ei n c r e a s ei ns a l e sd u r i n gt h es e c o n dmo n t h . Th es a l e si n c r e a s e db y3 0 %( P4 , 5 0 0÷P1 5 , 0 0 0 )a n dt h e r e f o r et h ep r o fi t p e r c e n t a g ei n c r e a s e db y1 8 0 %( 6x3 0 %) . Th ee x p e c t e dp r o fi t d u r i n gt h en e x t mo n t hwo u l db e : P4 5 , 0 0 0+( P4 5 , 0 0 0x1 . 8 ) 119 120 121 . An s we r :C Br e a k e v e nUn i t s : F i x e dCo s t s÷Un i t Co n t r i b u t i o nMa r g i n P6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0÷3 0 0 2 0 , 0 0 0p a i r s . An s we r :B Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n( P1 8 , 0 0 0x3 0 0 ) L e s sF i x e dc o s t s Ne t l o s s P5 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 P(6 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) . An s we r :A Th eb r e a k e v e nl e v e l f o rt h es a l e so u t l e t i se x p e c t e dt or i s eb e c a u s eo f a d d i t i o n a l c o mmi s s i o n ,av a r i a b l ec o s ti t e m, a n d s u c hac o mmi s s i o ni sb e i n gp a i df o ra l l p a i r so f s h o e ss o l d . Br e a k e v e ni np a i r so f s h o e s : 6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0÷( 3 0 0–7 5 ) 122 P1 2 6 , 0 0 0 2 6 , 6 6 7p a i r s . An s we r :D Th o u g ha na d d i t i o n a l c o mmi s s i o ni sp a i do np a i r so f s h o e ss o l d , t h eb r e a k e v e np o i n t i sn o t a ff e c t e da n ds h a l l r e ma i na t 2 0 , 0 0 0b e c a u s et h ea d d i t i o n a l c o mmi s s i o na p p l i e so n l yt on u mb e ro f p a i r so f s h o e ss o l di ne x c e s so f b r e a k e v e nl e v e l . Th ep r o fi t c o n t r i b u t i o nb yt h e5 , 0 0 0p a i r si sb a s e do nr e d u c e dc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i np e rp a i r . Pr o fi t :5 , 0 0 0x( 3 0 0–5 0 ) Al t e r n a t i v eSo l u t i o n : Sa l e s( 2 5 , 0 0 0xP8 0 0 ) P1 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 P2 0 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 Va r i a b l ec o s t s( 2 4 , 0 0 0xP5 0 0 ) T o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n F i x e dc o s t s Pr o fi t 123 . An s we r :A Be c a u s et h eb r e a k e v e nl e v e li su n c h a n g e d ,t h ec a l c u l a t i o no ft h en u mb e ro fp a i r st oe a r nP9 0 0 , 0 0 0i ss i mp l e .Th e a mo u n t o f t h ed e s i r e dp r o fi t wi l l b ec o n t r i b u t e db yt h en u mb e ro f p a i r so f s h o e si ne x c e s so f b r e a k e v e n , e a c hc o n t r i b u t i n g P2 5 0 . 2 0 , 0 0 0+ ( P9 0 0 , 0 0 0÷2 5 0 ) 124 125 126 127 128 2 3 , 6 0 0p a i r s . An s we r :B 3 0 0 X–P6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0=4 4 0 X–P8 , 1 4 2 , 0 0 0 1 4 0 X=P2 , 1 4 2 , 0 0 0 X=1 5 , 3 0 0p a i r s . An s we r :A Br e a k e v e np e s os a l e s :P1 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0÷0 . 3 CMR=P1 , 7 5 5 , 0 0 0÷P5 , 8 5 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 % . An s we r :B Ad d i t i o n a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nP8 0 0 , 0 0 0x0 . 3 0 Ad d i t i o n a l fi x e dc o s t I n c r e a s ei np r o fi t . An s we r :B Sa l e s3 9 , 0 0 0xP2 7 0 Va r i a b l ec o s t 3 9 , 0 0 0xP2 1 0 Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n F i x e dc o s t Ne t l o s s . An s we r :B Or i g i n a l u n i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n ( 1 , 7 5 5 , 0 0 0÷1 9 , 5 0 0 ) L e s si n c r e a s ei np a c k a g i n gc o s t Ne wUn i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n Un i t s a l e sr e q u i r e d : ( P1 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0+P9 7 , 5 0 0 )÷P8 2 . 5 0 129 1 2 , 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 7 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 P1 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :A Br e a k e v e nu n i t s , Au t o ma t e d ( P1 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0+P7 2 0 , 0 0 0 )÷( P9 0+P3 0 ) P2 , 5 2 0 , 0 0 0÷9 0 Br e a k e v e nu n i t s , Pr e s e n t ( P1 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0÷9 0 ) I n c r e a s ei nb r e a k e v e nu n i t s P6 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 P2 4 0 , 0 0 0 1 6 0 , 0 0 0 P8 0 , 0 0 0 P1 0 , 5 3 0 , 0 0 0 8 , 1 9 0 , 0 0 0 2 , 3 4 0 , 0 0 0 2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 P( 6 0 , 0 0 0 ) P9 0 . 0 0 7 . 5 0 P8 2 . 5 0 2 3 , 0 0 0 2 1 , 0 0 0 2 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 0 0 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 130 . An s we r :C Th ec o mp u t a t i o no f t h ei n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n t f o rt h et wop r o c e s s e sc a nb ed e t e r mi n e db yd i v i d i n gt h ei n c r e a s ei nfi x e dc o s t s b yt h ed e c r e a s ei nv a r i a b l ec o s t p e ru n i t b e c a u s et h es e l l i n gp r i c ewa su n c h a n g e d . I n d i ff e r e n c ePo i n t :P7 2 0 , 0 0 0÷3 0 131 2 4 , 0 0 0 . An s we r :B I ft h el e v e l o fs a l e si sh i g h e rt h a nt h ei n d i ff e r e n c ep o i n t ,t h eo n ewi t hh i g h e rl e v e r a g e ,i . e . ,h i g h e rfi x e dc o s t sa n dl o we r u n i tv a r i a b l ec o s t ,wi l lp r o v i d eh i g h e ri n c o me .Th ea u t o ma t e dp r o c e s sh a st h eh i g h e rl e v e r a g ea n dt h e r e f o r e ,i th a s h i g h e ri n c o me : Di ff e r e n c ei ni n c o me :( 2 6 , 0 0 0–2 4 , 0 0 0 ) 3 0 132 . An s we r :C Br e a k e v e nu n i t s=F i x e dc o s t s Un i t c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 ( P4 0 0–P2 0 0 ) 5 0 0u n i t s 133 . An s we r :D St e p1 :Co mp u t eb e f o r e t a xp r o fi t : P2 4 0 , 0 0 0 ( 1 . 0–0 . 4 ) Un i t ss a l e sr e q u i r e dt oe a r nb e f o r e t a xp r o fi t : ( P1 0 0 , 0 0 0+P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 0 ) P2 0 0 P6 0 , 0 0 0 P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 2 , 5 0 0u n i t s Al t e r n a t i v eSo l u t i o n : Pr o fi t =Sa l e s–Va r i a b l ec o s t s–F i x e dc o s t s P4 0 0 , 0 0 0=P4 0 0 X–P2 0 0 X–P1 0 0 , 0 0 0 P5 0 0 , 0 0 0=P2 0 0 X X=2 , 5 0 0u n i t s 134 135 . An s we r :C Re v e n u e( 3 5 0xP4 0 0 )+( 2 , 7 0 0xP3 6 0 ) Va r i a b l ec o s t s( 3 , 0 5 0xP2 0 0 ) Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n F i x e de x p e n s e s Op e r a t i n gi n c o me I n c o met a x Ne t i n c o me P1 , 1 1 2 , 0 0 0 6 1 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 2 , 0 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 P4 0 2 , 0 0 0 1 6 0 , 8 0 0 P2 4 1 , 2 0 0 . An s we r :A Re v e n u e( 3 5 0xP4 0 0 )+( 2 , 2 0 0xP3 7 0 ) Va r i a b l ec o s t s( 3 5 0xP2 0 0 )+( 2 , 2 0 0xP1 7 5 ) Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n F i x e de x p e n s e s Op e r a t i n gi n c o me I n c o met a x Ne t i n c o me P9 5 4 , 0 0 0 4 5 5 , 0 0 0 4 9 9 , 0 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 3 9 9 , 0 0 0 1 5 9 , 6 0 0 P2 3 9 , 4 0 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com) lOMoARcPSD|8095156 136 137 . An s we r :B Re v e n u e( 3 5 0xP4 0 0 )+( 2 , 0 0 0xP3 8 0 ) Va r i a b l ec o s t s( 2 , 3 5 0xP2 0 0 ) Co n t r i b u t i o nma r g i n F i x e dc o s t s Op e r a t i n gp r o fi t I n c o met a x Ne t i n c o me . An s we r :D Be f o r et a xp r o fi t o b j e c t i v e( 2 4 0 , 0 0 0÷0 . 6 ) F i x e dc o s t s T o t a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr e q u i r e d L e s sc o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nma d eo nu n i t ss o l d J a n u a r y–Ma y( 3 5 0x2 0 0 ) Ad d i t i o n a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i ns t i l l n e e d e d Ad d i t i o n a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nf r o m2 , 5 0 0u n i t s ( 2 , 5 0 0xP1 7 5 ) L e s sa d d i t i o n a l c o n t r i b u t i o nma r g i nr e q u i r e dt ome e t p r o fi t o b j e c t i v e Ma x i mu ma d v e r t i s i n gc o s t P9 0 0 , 0 0 0 4 7 0 , 0 0 0 P4 3 0 , 0 0 0 9 0 , 0 0 0 3 4 0 , 0 0 0 1 3 6 , 0 0 0 P2 0 4 , 0 0 0 P4 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 7 0 , 0 0 0 P4 3 0 , 0 0 0 P4 3 7 , 5 0 0 4 3 0 , 0 0 0 P 7 , 5 0 0 Downloaded by Bell Escabarte (bellnicole2@yahoo.com)