OSHA 511 STUDY NOTES: PAGE 1 /DAY 1
OSHA’s mission-protect the health & safety of America’s
workers.
The result of workplace injuries & illnesses: “Lower
Morale & increased cost to train replacements”.
Oct Act Section 11(c): workers have a right to seek safety
& health on the job without fear of punishment.
“Horizontal standards apply when a condition is not
covered by specific Industry Standard”
Not test?
Walking/working
Sub-Part D
1910.21
Walking/working
The purpose of OSHA directives including Enforcement &
Compliance Directives is to: “Ensure consistent
enforcement of OSHA regulations”
OSHA Inspection Process: “Present Credentials, Opening
Conference, Walk-a-round Inspection, Closing
Conference” 6 mo /to complete report
ABATEMENT: OSHA requires that employers certify that
abatement is complete: FOR EACH CITED VIOLATION
The following actions would result in “creating”
employer receiving a citation under OSHA’s multiemployer citation policy: for damaging a guardrail
exposing all employees to a fall hazard; Creating
employer failed to inform employees, other than its
workers, of the damaged guardrail
Employer Rights: See Identification/credential, Know
reason for inspection, accompany during inspection, take
pictures, Know what hazards found
According to OSHA std: 1910.21, a gap or open space
measuring at least 2 inches in its least dimension in any
floor, roof, horizontal walking-working surface, or similar
surface through which persons may fall is a: “Floor Hole”
A walking-working surface with an unprotected side or
edge that is 4 feet or more above a lower level requires
protection from falling.
Walking/working
All new fixed ladders that extend more than 24 feet
above a lower level installed on or after November 19,
2018 must be equipped with a personal fall arrest
system or a Ladder safety system
OSHA 511 STUDY NOTES: PAGE 2 /DAY 1
HAZARDS/CONTROLS Handrails are required when there are 4 or more stair
risers
Not test?
PPE
Sub-Part I
1910.132-140
PPE
(ST-587) Tax Break for
employers/PPE
PPE
Hazard/electrical
Guardrail systems: standard railing consists of top rail,
mid-rail, and posts. Height from the upper surface of
top rail to floor level is 42” (+/- 3”)
Regardless of height, if a worker can fall into or onto
dangerous machines or equipment, employers must
provide guardrails and toe-boards.
Other means of fall protection that may be required on
certain jobs include safety harness and line, safety nets,
stair railings and handrails.
PPE: With few exceptions, OSHA requires PPE used to
comply with OSHA standards to be paid for by the
Employer.
Very important: When someone gives you PPE for the
first time, you should ask two (2) things: “What’s it
for?” and “How do I use it?”
“hazard assessment for PPE” is the law: 1920.132(d)
Make sure you check for all kinds of hazards, ask your
vendor to help with your hazard audits, make sure you
check all parts of the body and all related hazards.
Equipment grounding conductor is used to connect the
noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment,
raceways, and other enclosures to the system grounded
conductor, the grounding electrode conductor, or both,
at the service equipment or at the source of a separately
derived system.
OSHA 511 / PAGE 3 STUDY NOTES:
Hazard/electrical
The electrical safety related work practices division in
Subpart S includes requirements to ensure safe working
practices when working with electricity, including:
Training and personnel protective equipment
Hazard/electrical
When an unqualified person is working in an elevated
position near overhead lines the person and the longest
conductive object, he/she may contact cannot come
closer than 10 feet to any unguarded, energized
overhead line with a voltage to ground 50kv or below
Electricity:
3 types: Static, Alternating Current, Direct Current
TUESDAY/CLASS
JOHN NEWQUIST; JohnANewquist@gmail.com
EXITS
The most important factor to consider in providing
*16
employees adequate safety during an emergency is:
“An adequate number of Exit Routes”
*17
Reporting and alerting emergencies:
“Oral or Voice communication is acceptable for
employers with 10 or fewer employees”
Exit signs/lighting
Must check exit sign emergency lighting monthly
1910.37(b)(4)
Fire Extinguishers:
Fully charged always accessible- and shall be located no
*18
more than 50 feet for class B and C, and shall no more
than 75 Feet in travel distance from the employee for
for Class A & D
Flammable Liquids
Flashpoint & Boiling Point differentiates the four
*19
Categories of a flammable liquid.
*30
Under 29 CFR 1910.1200(h)(1) employers are required to
provide workers information & training on hazardous
chemicals in their work area:
Upon their initial assignment and whenever any new
physical or health hazard is introduced into their work
area.
*29
Basic industrial hygiene principles are primarily
concerned with RECOGNITION, EVALUATION &
CONTROL of chemical, biological, physical, and
ergonomic hazards which may cause sickness or impair
workers health.
OSHA 511/ PAGE 4 STUDY NOTES
*31 ?
Employees can be exposed to hazardous chemicals by
performing operations such as spray painting,
sandblasting, degreasing, etc. During work, the most
common route of entry to the human body is:
INHALATION
(OTHERS ARE: INGESTION, SKIN ABSORPTION,
INJECTION)
“carbon monoxide poisoning #1 cause of inhalation fatalities”
*34
*32 Engineering
controlsSub-Part H
Hazardous mat’ls
*33 Ventilation*35 ? bloodborne
pathogens/
*36 Hearing
*28
Flammable liquids
*26
Machinery/Machine
Guarding:
*21
A Skin notation found in Table Z-1 in the air
contaminants standard indicates that skin contact with a
chemical should be avoided because the chemical can:
-Be absorbed through the skin and substantially add to
total dose.
Engineering controls include: substitution with less
harmful material, enclosure of operator, Isolation,
Ventilation-Local, NOT JOB ROTATION.
Effective exhaust ventilation draws contaminated air
away from workers’ breathing zones.
The Bloodborne Pathogens standard, 1910.1030 applies
to all occupational exposures to blood or:
“Other potentially infectious materials” ‘OPIM”
OSHA requires employers administer an effective
hearing conservation program whenever employee
noise exposures equal or exceed an 8-hour timeweighted average of 85 decibels.
Which industry std has OSHA incorporated by reference
for handling, use and storage of compressed gases?
“CGA Pamphlet P-1”
OSHA’s flammable liquids std, 29 CFR 1910.106,
requires electrical interconnection when dispensing
category 1 or 2 flammable liquids or:
“Dispensing category 3 flammable liquids with a
flashpoint below 100 degrees Fahrenheit”
Point of Operation Means the point at which the:
Cutting, shaping, boring, or forming is accomplished on
the stock.
OSHA 511/ PAGE 5 STUDY NOTES
*22
Which of the following are the most common hazards
associated with conveyors?
-Nip points and rotating parts.
*20
What are the 3-basic means of safeguarding
machinery?
Devices, guards, and location
*45
OSHA’s Lockout/Tagout std, 1910.147, covers:
Servicing & maintenance of machinery & equipment
that could unexpectedly become energized
*46
Which of the following is a contributing factor to most
injuries regarding LO/TO?
Failure to completely de-energize, isolate, block,
and/or dissipate the energy source.
(Employer shall conduct at least annually training on LO/TO also all
new employees)
Confined Space1910.146
*40
*41
*27
OSHA’s definition of a confined space in general
industry includes a space that:
-Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy
Which of the following would be considered a permitrequired confined space (PRCS) per 1910.146?
-A railroad tank car containing 300 gallons of toluene.
The lower flammable limit of a flammable gas or vapor
is the:
-Lowest concentration of the gas or vapor in air,
expressed as a percentage, that can be ignited.
“Lockout & confined space are 2 areas that require employers to
coordinate with other people/entities etc.”
*10
Recordkeeping
*9
As a result of work-related illness or injury, which of
the following would be classified as restricted work
activity (not including the day the illness or injury
began?)
-Days the employee was only able to work a partial
work shift
In OSHA recordkeeping, an incidence rate is:
-The number of recordable injuries & illnesses per 100
full-time workers.
Material Handling
*38 Cranes
Rigging*39
Welding*43
Hot Works
*47
Safety & Health
Management:
*11
Program
Awareness/Training
*12
TOOLS
Pwr tools/switch
Circ-saws
Cranes may be modified & re-rated provided:
-Such modifications & the supporting structure are
checked thoroughly for the new rated load by a
qualified engineer or the equipment manufacturer.
Under which of the following conditions does OSHA
require synthetic slings to be removed from service?
-The sling has been exposed to acid or caustic burns
You have an oxygen cylinder and an acetylene cylinder
stored within 1 foot of each other. Which would be the
most appropriate solution to this hazard? Note: the
cylinders were not stored on a cart.
-Separate cylinders by a 5-foot 1/2-hour fire rated wall.
If a nearby combustible materials cannot be removed
or guarded, a fire watch must be stationed in the area
and maintained for at least_____ minutes after the
welding operations has been completed in locations
where a fire might develop:
 30 minutes
To demonstrate management leadership &
commitment to safety & health, managers should:
 Be an example by knowing & following the rules
Safety employees are expected to follow.
Which example best illustrates one way that an
effective safety & health management system
promotes a proactive approach in the workplace?
 Performing a periodic review of company policies
& procedures to identify areas in need of
improvement.
“MUST DO A RING TEST” when changing out abrasive
wheels…(also verify rpm/capacity of wheel matches
grinder)
1/8” or less at grinding point
Safety requirements for power tools specify that they
be: Fitted with guards and safety switches
All portable circular saws must be: “Equipped with a
constant pressure on/off switch”