Zika Virus Detected in Body Fluids
Brazilian scientists have detected the Zika virus in urine and saliva samples of two infected patients.
But, they said, more study is needed to find out whether the virus can infect by exchanging body fluids.
Myrna Bonaldo, one of the scientists who made the discovery, told Reuters that it “is not proof" that
the virus "can contaminate other people through those fluids.”
Earlier this week, health officials in Brazil confirmed two cases of Zika virus in blood transfusions.
And health officials in the U.S. reported what may be the first case of the virus being transmitted in the
United States by sexual contact.
The Zika virus gets its name from a forest in Uganda where the virus was first identified in 1947. The
virus is known to exist in tropical areas like Africa, the Americas, southern Asia and western Pacific.
People can catch the Zika virus after being bitten by an infected Aedes mosquito. This is the same
mosquito that can spread dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever.
In the latest Zika virus outbreak, Brazil reported the first case in May 2015. The World Health
Organization (WHO) said that the Zika virus could be linked to 4,000 suspected cases of microcephaly in
Brazil. Microcephaly is when babies are born with small heads. It causes severe brain damage.
Since then, the virus has spread by mosquitoes and has caused infections in Brazil, many Latin
America countries, Europe and the U.S.
On Friday, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said that the Pacific islands of
Tonga and American Samoa also reported new cases of virus infections.
With the spread of the mosquito-borne virus, the WHO declared a global health emergency Monday.
The declaration provided more money and resources to fight the virus. But the health agency ruled out a
ban on travel or trade in affected areas.
At this time, there is no treatment or vaccine for the Zika virus. But drug companies in India, Japan
and France announced that they are working to develop possible vaccines.
Dr. Anthony Fauci is director of the U.S. National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).
He said it would take "a few years" before a vaccine is readily available to the public.
For now, Fauci said the way to fight the disease is "mosquito control."
Questions:
1- What are the ways we can catch a virus?
2 - Where can the virus be found?
3- What is Microcephaly?
4 – What was the controversy with the Olympic Games being in Brazil?
5- What about the insect repellent industries, are they are taking advantage of the situation?
Words in This Story
contaminate - v. to make something dangerous, dirty, or impure
blood transfusion - n. a medical treatment in which someone's blood is put into the body of another
person
transmitted - v. to give to or pass.
tropical - adj. of, relating to or used in warmer climates.
outbreak - n. a sudden increase in the number of reports of a disease.
global - adj. involving the whole world.
rule out - phrasal verb. To prevent; exclude and eliminate.
trade - n. The business of buying and selling commodities, products, or services; commerce.
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