VOCABULARY Travel : Snarl a drive to – to make or become stuck, knotted, or blocked, and so unable to move easily. Creep up on- to approach someone quietly, so that the person is suddenly surprised. If an event, day, or condition creeps up on you, you are surprised by its arrival, esp. because it has come gradually Throw a wrench- to damage or change (something) in a way that ruins it or prevents it from working properly Raging brush fire- continuing with great force or intensity fire involving low-growing plants Notorious- famous or well known,typically for some bad quality or deed Picks-the act or privilege of choosing or selected,one that is picked Alternative routes-other possible ways At the gate-stand at a part of airport where travelers are allowed to get on/off a particular aircraft To be stuck in traffic-to be unable to get out of (traffic) To lose its value- to be cheaper than it was before Allocate- przeznaczyc,to give smth to someone as share of total amount CEO- the highest-ranking person in a company Hold the plane-to keep something(plane) To be emblazoned with-marked or shown in order to be very noticeable,ozdobiony* Use more common sense-the basic level of practical knowledge and judgment that we all need to help us live in a reasonable way(zdrowy rozsadek) Check out-prove that smth is true or correct Carrier contract with carriage-contract between a carrier of goods and passengers Barefoot-without shoes Offensive odor-annoyed,distinctive(charakterystyczny) smell,especially unpleasant one Saggy pants-wearing pants below the waist To be given a boot-to be told to leave job/school/airport To be clad only in-to be clothed At your peril-at ones own risk(used in warnings) Prime time-the time when the largest number of people are somewhere Getting stuck in airports- To keep someone occupied-to give sb smth to do for a period of time,so that they won”t be bothered Getting in the lineSuspect -to think or believe smth to be true or probably Embassy-the official residence or offices of an ambassador representing some country To get an replacement passport-to get another passport which could replace lost To verify identity-to make sure that the fact of being a person that you are is true,accurate To keep another on your person-to keep smth in a pocket,bag,or attached to you To miss a flight-you arrive too late to catch it To be not served byto provide with something Snafu-Situation Normal:All Fucked Up-a situation in which nothing has happened as planned To head for-to go,to be destined to go Resulting confusion-to cause uncertainty about what is happening To wait out of storm-wait till the end of storm(bed weather) To be heading to-in the direction to To examine –to study smth carefully To check for updates-to check new information about something Knowingly-in full awareness To board a flight-to get on plane in order to travel Itinerary-a planned route or journey If the alternative is being delayed for daysReceipts-a piece of paper which proves that money/good have been received To expense-to be given money back To raise the bag fees-money that you pay for your baggage To throw oneself on the mercy of –to beg someone for mercy To mount a Facebook campaign-to organize and initiate a campaign or other course To pry a refund-(zadac)to try to obtain a repaymenr=t of a sum of money To have a credit card handy-(miec pod reka)close at hand To take cash-to take money in coins or notes Jokingly-in a humorous manner To land in jail-end up in prison Security checkpoints-a barrier where travelers are subject to security checks Stunning-extremely attractive or impressive(beautiful) Thriving(syn flourishing)-growing and developing /and very successful Vibrant-full of life and energy Cobbled streets-streets with the surface of old round stones Remarkably-in a n unusual or surprising way Diverse-of many different kind Undergo sth-experience a process of change Restoration-the work of repairing old buildings/paintings Laze around-relax and do very little Soak sth up-absorb or take sth into your senses/body/mind Go for a wander(around/it)-walk slowly without a real purpose or direction Retain sth-keep something(retention-noun) Charm-a pleasant or attractive quality or feature Off the beaten track-far away from other people and houses Trek-a long hard walk,often in the mountains Unique-being the only one of its kind Get away from it all-go somewhere different to have a rest or holiday Remote(syn isolated)-far from places where other people live Unspoilt-beatiful because it has not been changed or built on Unwind/chill out/take it easy/recharge your batteries ExcitingSpectacularRuralBustling-full of activity and noise Dark and dingy-dark and depressing(for rooms) Drab-grey and depressing Draughty-cold because cold currents of air continually enter it(under the door/through cracks in the window) Dreary-boring and depressing Gloomy-dark and depressing Godforsaken-horrible/boring and depressing(for towns/cities) Musty-old and damp-smelling Damp-smellingPicturesque-very pretty(for buildings/towns/villages) Plush-very comfortable and expensively decorated(For rooms/hotels/restaurants) Pok(e)y-uncomfortably small Seedy-dirty and untidy and generally connected with illegal/immoral activities Remote-far away from others towns/villages/people Sleepy-a very quiet place where very little happens Spacious-very large Stuffy-lacking fresh air and unpleasant as a result Touristy-ldesigned to attract tourists(with big hotels/nightclubs/shopping centres Unspoiled-has not lost its local character because of tourist developments Above all-especially/in particular An air fare-the money you pay for a ticket to fly on a plane Attentive-helpful and polite To boast-if place(hotel/resort) boasts a particular facility , it has this facility(brochure language) To book in advance-to reserve a ticket/a hotel room some time before you travel/stay in a hotel To confiscate sth-to take sth away from sb as a punishment To consist of-to be made of Crystal clear waters-transparent water A custom officer-an official who checks your bags when you go through customs Direct flight-not stopping anywhere on route Discerning-sb who has got good taste and enjoys expensive things To erupt-if a volcano erupts , it explodes A five-star hotel-a luxury hotel To get away from-escape from/leave behind To haggle(over the price of sth)-to argue with sb over the price of sth you want to buy High/peak season-the time of the year when most people take their holidays To be jet-lagged-to feel very tired and disorientated as a result of having flown somewhere To be littered with sth-to have been made untidy and unpleasant by sth A local speciality-if a particular kind of food or dish is a local speciality,it is common and particularly good in a certain area To look onto-to have a view of To be on offer-to be available to buy or use/be sold at a reduced price Running water-water that comes from a tap To soak up the sun-to sunbathe A stopover-a short stay somewhere during a long plane journey Stretch of beach-an area of beach A tariff-the price you pay for a room in a hotel(formal) To touch down-to land(for aircraft) To while away the/your time-to spend time in a pleasant way doing sth that does not require too much physical activity(+-ing form) Camp site Self-cateringGuesthouseYouth hostelHoliday campTome-share apartmentCot VacatedSunbatheDo/go some sightseeingGo for a driveHikingTouringGo climbing/mountaineeringCampingGo on an excursionInjuriesSticky-fingered-a thief Indicator-a thing that indicates a state/level(wskaznik) AdventurousPerilous-full of danger or risk Embassy-the official residence(ambasada) Abducted-taken away illegally/by force Cautious-careful to avoid potential problems/dangers Striking-attracting attention by being unusual/extreme(uderzajacy) Fatal- Unscrupulous-having or showing no moral principles/not honest or fair Lousy-very poor or bad/disgusting(parszywy/wszawy) The latter-the second of two people/things(ten ostatni) Downside-a drawback/minus Overlooking-fail to notice or have a view of from above ReportedAmenities-useful features or facilities(udogodnienia) UnawareCommonplace-not unusual/ordinary thing(banal/powszechny) Upheaval-a violent/sudden change(przewrot) Populous-having a large population(gesto zaludniony) Murder rateInvigorate-to make someone feel fresher/healthier/more energetic Inherent-existing in sth as a permanent/essential and natural part of it(nieodlaczny) Petty-of little importance/trivial(drobny/malostkowy) War-torn-severely damaged by a long war Desperate-feeling or showing a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with(Zdesperowany/rozpaczliwy) Marauder-a person or animal that goes from one place to another looking for people to kill or things to destroy or steal Crave –to have a very strong feeling of wanting sth Casualty-a person injured or killed an a serious accident or war Outweigh-be heavier/greater/or more significant Payoff-a payment made to someone,especially so that they do not cause trouble Stick around-to stay somewhere for a period of time Barrio-a district of a town in Spain Chasm-a very deep opening opening in rock/a very large difference between two opinions or groups of people Hotbed-a place or situation where a lot of a particular activity is happening or might happen Foreseeable-able to predict Terrain-an area of land Rugged-not easy to travel/not delicate Con men-a man who cheats or tricks someone by gaining their trust and persuading them to belive sth that is not true Swivel-turning around a central point to face in another direction Scammer-someone who makes money using illegal methods,especially by tricking people Grifter-someone who gets money dishonestly by tricking people Nefarious-morally bad Rife- widespread;very common or frequent Flatly-showing little interest or emotion Prohibit-to officially refuse to allow sth Even from afar-from a great distance Ascend-go up or climb(wspiac sie) Trail-a path through a countryside/walk or move slowly To reckon with-worth taking seriously because of being powerful/important/good(liczyc sie z) Unrest-a state of dissatisfaction/disturbance typically involving public demonstration or disorder(niepokoj/zamieszki) Harassment-behaviour that annoys or upsets someone(dokuczanie) Extortion-the act of getting sth,especially money by force or threats(wymuszenie) ThundersBe swept up-remove dust,dirt/to pick up someone or sth in one quick,continuous motion Volatile-likely to change suddenly and unexpectedly(zmienny) Genuine coup-an unexpectedly successful achievement Carjacking-the crime of stealing a car Mugging-an act of attacking someone and stealing Buck-a dollar HemisphereAbduction-the act of making a person go somewhere with you ,using threats or violence Be cautioned-be warned Extremist-a person who holds extreme political or religious views/advocates illegal,violent action Yield-produce or provide sth RiddenAssailant-a person who physically attacks another Gripped-to hold very tightly Escalate-to become or make sth become greater or more serious(zwiekszac) Militant-active/determined/often willing to use force(wojowniczy) Proprietor-the owner of a business or a holder of property To operate-control the functioning of a machine/process/system Behold-to see or look at sth or someone Abound-exist in large numbers or amounts ChasmRampant-getting worse quickly and in an uncontrolled way(nieokielznany) Afar-at or to a distance(daleko) Rustic-relating to the countryside/rural Cobblestone-small/round stone used to cover road surfaces Superpower-a very powerful and influential nation To stroll-to walk in a slow/relaxed way,for pleasure To take one’s toll on sth-to have a serious/bad effect on sth,to cause damage or harm To down(a beer/a sandwich)-to consume/eat/drink sth To dine-to eat a dinner(in a restaurant) Daunting-seeming difficult to deal with(zniechecajacy) Prospect-the possibility of some future events(perspektywa,przyszlosc) Laneway-a narrow road or path(pas ruchu) Splendor-a great beauty(przepych) Cultural legacy-heritage of culture Customary-ususal/traditional(zwyczajowy,powszechny) To hold a candle-to not be as good as the person or thing mentioned/compare to someone or sth Spectacular-beautiful in dramatic and eye-catching way(popisowy) Come armed withDeceptively-misleading impression(zawodniczo) Straightforward-uncomplicated/easy to do and understand Piazzas-a public square Trattorias-Italian restaurants Ad hoc urban-created for the purpose of the city Masterpiece-a work made with great skill Spot-a particular place or point Pilgrim-a person who travel for religious reasons Revelation-a surprising and previously unknown fact Gelato-ice cream Come up with-to suggest or think of idea or plan To market-advertise or promote Exclude-to intentionally not include smth Creche-a nursery where babies and young children are cared for during the working day(zlobek) Incorporate-to include smth as part of something larger Inaugural-making the beginning of an institution,activity Leased-wydzierzawiony Tackle-to try to deal with smth or someone Joint-smth belonging/shared between two or more people Scope-zakres Quiant-attractively unusual/osobliwy Breed-a particular type of animal or plant Offset-to balance one influence against an opposing influence Signage-signs collectively,especially public display signs Floor barReception desk- desk at which a receptionist works Impairment-act of making smth weaker so that less effective Hand-rail-a rail to posts or a wall for people to hold on or to support Ramp-a surface joining two different levels Motorised buggy-a small motorized vehicle designed for a particular purpose Signs in Braille-a tactile sign that can be reached by touch ProviderProvision-the action of providing or supplying something for use Grant-a sum of money given by government for particular purpose Voucher-a piece of paper that allows you to pay less than ususal price Handout-smth given free to a needy person Interest-free loan-borrower does not have to pay interest(procent) Carrier-a company that operates aircraft WORK/EDUCATION: Do/study subjects Go to/enter university Pass examinations (A levels) Get/obtain a place at university Get-receive a grant (money paid for living expenses, food, accommodation) Tuition-the money paid for teaching ;teaching Undergraduates-a student at a university who is studying for 1 degree Testimonial-a statement from employee which explains what they like about their job/company Courses last/go on for/continue for A degree-qualification when you complete the university course successfully(BA/BSc) Graduate-someone who completed the first degree Postgraduate course/degree=postgraduates(MA/MSc,MPhil,PhD) Conduct/do/carry out research into/in To give/do a lecture Remuneration-money paid for work Manual-relating to or done with the hands White-collar-it a work performed in an office or other administrative setting Blue-collar-work performed by a manual labor Arduous-requiring effort; difficult and tiring Fulfilling –making someone satisfied or happy Administrative-relating to the running of a business, organization, Glamorous job- attractive in an exciting Stimulating job-o stimulate something means to encourage it to begin or develop further Mind-numbing-extremely boring Gruelling-extremely demanding and tiring Hazardous-risky; dangerous Mundane-lacking interest or exicitement Secure-safe ;positioned firmly Strenuous-needing or using a lot of effort or energy Civil servantExecutive-a person with senior managerial responsibility in a business. Viable-capable of being done Go on strikeWork to rule-Work-to-rule is a job action in which employees do no more than the minimum required by the rules of their contract Assembly-line-a line of machines and workers in a factory Credentials/references/application-a qualification, achievement, quality, or aspect of a person's background/ Testimonial-an official statement from an employee which explains what they like about their job or company Vocation-a strong feeling that you are especially suited to do a particular job Employment-the state of having paid work ProfessionGrantTradeOccupation-a job or profession/zawód Be expelled-officially make (someone) leave a school or other organization To be laid off-to leave their job,especially temporarily To be made redundant-your employer tells you to leave bcs your job is no longer needed Perks-something extra you get, in addition to a salary, in exchange for working Bonuses-a sum of money added to a person's wages as a reward for good performance BenefitsGo on the picket line-go and stand outside a factory Salary/wages/profits-get at the end of month/week,depend on hours worked/financial benefit realized when revenue generated from a business activity Trainee/apprentice/recruit-a person undergoing training for a particular job/a young person who works for someone in order to learn their skill/a new member of an organization, especially the army Head office/department/boardroom- the most important office of a company / a separate part or branch of a government,business /a room in which a board of directors of a company meets The paper-shuffler-a person who pretends to be working The strirrer-a person who intentionally causes problems The slave driver- someone who makes another person work very hard with little or no help or remuneration The techno-freak-into electronic gadgets To apply for a job- you write a letter or email, or fill in a form in order to ask formally for it To land a job-to find a job and be hired The yes-man-a person who always agrees with boss ,likes to please the boss The wizz-someone who does the work very quickly A wet-blanket-a person who spoils other people’s fun Maternity leave-time off from a job given a mother to take care of a newborn child To be away on sick leave-a period of time that a worker is allowed to be away from work because he is ill To be made redundant-your employer tells you to leave bcs he no longer needs you To make/earn one’s living-to earn the money one needs to pay for food , etc Work shifts-work in turns , at different times on different days Incentives-something that encourages a person to do something Trade union-an organized association of workers To quit one’s job-to give up a job or position, especially when you have had it for a long time Forensic-relating to courts of law Reciprocal-given, felt, or done in return Run own business-to operate the company , business Abodes-the place where someone lives Rehearsal-a practice or trial performance of a play To add up toPlasterer-tradesman who works with plaster (interior wall) Hauliers-a person or company employed in the transport of good/materials Tipper-a large truck for transporting heavy loads Rewarding-providing satisfaction Faint with envy-jealous To have the patience of a saint-to always be calm and never allow anything to upset you Unheard of-surprising or shocking because not known about Dead beat-a person who is not willing to work and does not behave in a responsible way/completely exhausted Inflamed-red, painful because of infection Chopsticks-a pair of sticks used for eating especially by Japanese Utensils-a tool/container or other article for household Hangover-a feeling of illness after drinking too much alcohol In the dim and distant past-a time in the past that is not clearly remembered ScrubbingDung-the excrement of animal Trays-a flat container – taca Template-a pattern made of metal/plastic/paper used for making copies Pint-a measure for liquid/half a litre Greenhouse-a glass building in which plants are grown Spiky-covered with spikes/easily annoyed and not polite Splinters-a small piece of wood/glass/plastic- drzazg Sting- żadlo Vaguely-in a way that is not clearly expressed/a little To go to the expense of-to spend money on something Telesales-selling of goods over the telephone Yellow pages-telephone directory listing business and other organisations Lingerie-women’s underwear Civil serviceMaggot-small worm Stench-unpleasant smell Appalling-causing shock or dismay Film Buff-a person who is very interested in and knowledgeable about films. To be in seventh heavenClairvoyant-a person who claims to have a supernatural ability to perceive events To acquire-buy or obtain Candyfloss-fluffy,machine spins it Spun sugar-hardened sugar syrup Nostrils-nozdrza Duster-a cloth for dusting furniture Civvy street-ordinary life Invariably-always Hangar-a large building for housing aircraft Bridal shopBride-to-be-a women who is soon to be married Fluff-soft fabrics such as wool Threads-a long thin strand of cotton SpatulaCongenital-something present at birth but not necessarily inherited from the parents Haulage-the commercial transport of goods Deputy- the second most important person in an organization such as a business or government department Invariably- things that don't change and never vary — they're predictable Sod-used to refer to a person, especially a man, that you are annoyed with or think is unpleasant. Retirement-to leave your job or stop working because of old age or ill health To be on secondment-an assignment of a member of one organization to be temporary transferred to another company Relocation-the action of moving to a new place and establishing one's home or business there Transferable skills-qualities that can be transferred from one job to another/ helpful across different areas of life: socially, professionally and at school A glass ceiling-referring to an invisible barrier that prevents women and minorities from being promoted/a point after which you cannot go any further, usually in improving your position at work: Advancement-promotion, as to a higher rank Corporate culture- a set of beliefs and behaviors that guide how a company's management and employees interact Red tape-Red tape is defined as a lot of official forms and procedures that are involved before something is accomplished Staff turnover-the number of employees that leave your company and need replacing in a set amount of time Clock in and clock out- to record your time of arrival at work, usually by punching a time clock; to begin work. To clock out is to record your time of departure from work; to end work. A pecking-order-the way that the positions people have are arranged according to their status or power within the group. To talk shop-re talking about their work, and this is boring for other people who do not do the same work Job-sharing-an arrangement in which two people share the work and pay of a single full-time job Hierarchical-arranged in order of rank,position Repetitive-happening again and again To knock off-stop working A dead-end job- a job where there is little or no chance of career development and advancement into a higher paid position Allowance-a sum of money paid regularly to a person to meet needs or expenses Pension-a regular payment made by the state to people of or above the official retirement age and to some widows and disabled people Expenses-the money that something costs you or that you need to spend in order to do something Holiday entitlement-the number of days of paid holiday in a year that a worker is entitled to take. Comprehensive healthcare provision- covering completely or broadly money, staff, equipment and drugs are combined to deliver health interventions Subsidized canteen-canteen where the company bears a certain amount of the food expense and the rest is paid by the employees of that organisation. Encounter-experience/meet unexpectedly Degree of stress=amount Be not accountable to anyone but yourselfLucrative-producing a great profit To juggle-to balance Encroach upon-to gradually cover more and more Solely-only/not involving anyone else Insight into-accurate and deep understanding of something Foster-to encourage the development or growth Pooling-collect together for shared use(people/money) Mutual-given and received from two sides/towards the each other Undermine-to make someone less confident/powerful Stifle-stop oneself acting Enterprise-eagerness to do smth new and clever Initiative-the ability to give new ideas,solutions before others do Toll-pay to use road or bridge Labour-work hard making physical effort The board-top management/zarzad Deposed-remove someone important from a powerful position/removed from office forcefully Meet a deadline-to finish work on time Teleworker-work from home Stuck in a rut-too fixed in one particular type of job Plant manager-the head of a factory
