APPENDIX
A
PREFIXES,
COMBINING FORMS,
AND SUFFIXES
Pertaining to
-ac
pertaining to
-al
pertaining to
-ar
pertaining to
-ary
pertaining to
-eal
pertaining to
-ical
pertaining to
-ial
pertaining to
-ic
pertaining to
-ine
pertaining to
-ior
pertaining to
-ory
pertaining to
-ous
pertaining to
-tic
pertaining to
Abnormal Conditions
-ago
-esis
-ia
-iasis
-ion
-ism
-osis
abnormal condition,
abnormal condition,
abnormal condition,
abnormal condition,
condition
condition, state of
abnormal condition,
disease
disease
disease
disease
disease
Noun Endings
-a
-e
-um
-us
-y
noun ending
noun ending
singular noun ending
singular noun ending
noun ending
S
N
L
497
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
4/10/08
4:34:30pm
497 of 514
APPENDIX A
498
A
a-a
ababdomin/o
-able
abort/o
abrad/o, abras/o
abrupt/o
absabscess/o
absorpt/o
-ac
acanth/o
acetabul/o
-acious
acne/o
acous/o,
acoust/o
acquir/o
acr/o
acromi/o
actin/o
acu/o
acuit/o, acut/o
acust/o, -acusia,
-acusis
adaden/o
adenoid/o
adhes/o
adip/o
adnex/o
adren/o,
adrenal/o
aer/o
aesthet/o
afaffect/o
agglutin/o
aggress/o
-ago
agor/a
-agra
S
N
L
-aise
-al
no, not, without, away from,
negative
noun ending
away from, negative, absent
abdomen
capable of, able to
premature expulsion of a
nonviable fetus
rub or scrape off
broken away from
away from
collection of pus, going away
suck up, suck in
pertaining to
spiny, thorny
acetabulum (hip socket)
characterized by
point or peak
hearing, sound
get, obtain
extremities (hands and feet), top,
extreme point
acromion, point of shoulder blade
light
sharp, severe, sudden
sharp, sharpness
hearing, sense of hearing
toward, to, in the direction of
gland
adenoids
stick to, cling to
fat
bound to
adrenal glands
air, gas
sensation, sense of perception
toward, to
exert influence on
clumping, stick together
attack, step forward
abnormal condition, disease
marketplace
excessive pain, seizure, attack of
severe pain
comfort, ease
pertaining to
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
4/10/08
alb/i, alb/o,
albumin/o
white
albumin, protein
alg/e, algi/o,
alg/o, algesi/o
relationship to pain
-algesia, -algesic
painful, pain sense
-algia
pain, painful condition
align/o
bring into line or correct position
aliment/o
all/o, all-
to nourish
other, different from normal,
reversal
baldness, mangy
alveolus, air sac, small sac
both sides, around or about, double
dull, dim
walk
alopec/o
alveol/o
ambiambly/o
ambul/o,
ambulat/o
ametr/o
-amine
amni/o
amphamput/o,
amputat/o
amyl/o
anan-, anaan/o
-an
-ancy
andr/o
aneurysm/o
angi/o
angin/o
anis/o
ankyl/o
anomal/o
anteanter/o
anthrac/o
antianxi/o, anxiet/o
aort/o
ap-apheresis
aphth/o
apic/o
ap-, apoaplast/o
aponeur/o
out of proportion
nitrogen compound
amnion, fetal membrane
around, on both sides, doubly
cut away, cut off a part of the body
starch
no, not, without
up, apart, backward, excessive
anus, ring
characteristic of, pertaining to
state of
relationship to the male
aneurysm
blood or lymph vessel
angina, choking, strangling
unequal
crooked, bent, stiff
irregularity
before, in front of
before, front
coal, coal dust
against
anxiety, anxious, uneasy
aorta
toward, to
removal
ulcer
apex
separation, away from, opposed,
detached
defective development, lack of
development
aponeurosis (type of tendon)
4:34:55pm
498 of 514
PREFIXES, COMBINING FORMS,
apoplect/o
append/o,
appendic/o
aqu/i, aqu/o,
aque/o
-ar
arachn/o
arc/o
-arche
areat/o
areol/o
-aria
arrect/o
arter/o, arteri/o
arthr/o
articul/o
-ary
asasbest/o
-ase
aspir/o, aspirat/o
asthen-, -asthenia
asthmat/o
astr/o
atatel/o
ather/o
athet/o
atop/o
atres/i
atri/o
attenuat/o
aud-, audi/o,
audit/o
aur/i, aur/o
auscult/a,
auscult/o
aut/o
-ax
ax/o
axill/o
azot/o
a stroke
appendix
water
pertaining to
spider web, spider
bow, arc or arch
beginning
occurring in patches or circumscribed areas
little open space
connected with
upright, lifted up, raised
artery
joint
joint
pertaining to
toward, to
asbestos
enzyme
to breathe in
weakness, lack of strength
gasping, choking
star, star-shaped
toward, to
incomplete, imperfect
plaque, fatty substance
uncontrolled
strange, out of place
without an opening
atrium
diluted, weakened
ear, hearing, the sense of hearing
ear, hearing
listen
self
noun ending
axis, main stem
armpit
urea, nitrogen
B
bacill/o
bacteri/o
balan/o
bar/o
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
rod-shaped bacterium (plural,
bacteria)
bacteria (singular, bacterium)
glans penis
pressure, weight
4/10/08
AND
SUFFIXES
499
Bartholin’s gland
base, opposite of acid
twice, double, two
life
split, divided into two parts
divide or fork into two branches
bile, gall
bilirubin
two by two
embryonic, immature, formative
element
blephar/o
eyelid
borborygm/o
rumbling sound
brachi/o
arm
brachyshort
bradyslow
brev/i, brev/o
short
bronch/i, bronchi/o, bronchial tube, bronchus
bronch/o
bronchiol/o
bronchiole, bronchiolus
brux/o
grind
bucc/o
cheek
burs/o
bursa, sac of fluid near joint
byssin/o
cotton dust
bartholin/o
bas/o
bibi/o
bifid/o
bifurcat/o
bil/i
bilirubin/o
bin-blast
C
cadaver/o
calcane/o
calc/i
calci-, calc/o
calcul/o
cali/o, calic/o
call/i, callos/o
calor/i
canalicul/o
canth/o
capill/o
capit/o
capn/o
capsul/o
carb/o
carbuncl/o
carcin/o
cardi/o, card/o
cari/o
carot/o
carp/o
cartilag/o
4:34:55pm
dead body, corpse
calcaneus, heel bone
calcium, lime, the heel
calcium
stone, little stone
cup, calyx
hard, hardened and thickened
heat
little canal or duct
corner of the eye
hair
head
carbon dioxide, sooty or smoky
appearance
little box
carbon
carbuncle
cancerous
heart
rottenness, decay
stupor, sleep
wrist bones
cartilage, gristle
499 of 514
S
N
L
500
S
N
L
APPENDIX A
caruncul/o
cat-, cata-,
cathcatabol/o
cathart/o
cathet/o
caud/o
caus/o, caust/o
cauter/o, caut/o
cav/i, cav/o
cavern/o
cec/o
-cele
celi/o, cel/o
cement/o
cent-centesis
cephal/o, -ceps
ceracerebell/o
cerebr/o
cerumin/o
cervic/o
cheil/o
cheir/o
chem./i, chem/o,
chemic/o
chir/o
chlor/o
chlorhydr/o
chol/e
cholangi/o
cholecyst/o
choledoch/o
cholesterol/o
chondr/i,
chondr/o
chord/o
chore/o
chori/o,
chorion/o
choroid/o
chrom/o,
chromat/o
chron/o
chym/o
cib/o
cicatric/o
-cidal
-cide
bit of flesh
down, lower, under, downward
a breaking down
cleansing, purging
insert, send down
lower part of body, tail
burning, burn
heat, burn
hollow, cave
containing hollow spaces
cecum
hernia, tumor, swelling
abdomen, belly
cementum, a rough stone
hundred
surgical puncture to remove fluid
head
wax
cerebellum
cerebrum, brain
cerumen, earwax
neck, cervix (neck of uterus)
lip or lips
hand
drug, chemical
hand
green
hydrochloric acid
bile, gall
bile duct
gallbladder
common bile duct
cholesterol
cartilage
spinal cord, cord
dance
chorion, membrane
choroid layer of eye
color
time
to pour, juice
meal
scar
pertaining to killing
causing death
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
cili/o
cinecirc/i
circulat/o
circumcircumcis/o
circumscrib/o
cirrh/o
cis/o
clasis, -clast
claudicat/o
claustr/o
clav/i
clavicul/o, cleid/o
climacter/o
clitor/o
-clonus
clus/o
-clysis
cocoagul/o,
coagulat/o
coarct/o,
coarctat/o
cocc/i, cocc/o,
-coccus
coccyg/o
cochle/o
coher/o, cohes/o
coit/o
col/o
coll/a
colon/o
colp/o
column/o
comcomat/o
comminut/o
communic/o
compatibil/o
conconcav/o
concentr/o
concept/o
conch/o
concuss/o
condyl/o
confus/o
4/10/08
eyelashes, microscopic hair-like
projections
relationship to movement
ring or circle
circulate, go around in a circle
around, about
cutting around
confined, limited in space
orange-yellow, tawny
cut
break down
limping
barrier
key
clavicle, collar bone
crisis, rung of a ladder
clitoris
violent action
shut or close
irrigation, washing
together, with
clotting, coagulation
press together, narrow
spherical bacteria
coccyx, tailbone
spiral, snail, snail shell
cling, stick together
a coming together
colon, large intestine
glue
colon, large intestine
vagina
pillar
together, with
deep sleep
break into pieces
share, to make common
sympathize with
together, with
hollow
condense, intensify, remove excess
water
become pregnant
shell
shaken together, violently agitated
knuckle, knob
confusion, disorder
4:34:55pm
500 of 514
PREFIXES, COMBINING FORMS,
coni/o
conjunctiv/o
dust
conjunctiva, joined together,
connected
consci/o
consolid/o
constipat/o
constrict/o
-constriction
contact/o
contagi/o
aware, awareness
become firm or solid
pressed together, crowded together
draw tightly together
narrowing
touched, infected
infection, unclean, touching of
something
render unclean by contact, pollute
keep in, contain, hold back, restrain
contaminat/o
contine/o,
continent/o
contracontracept/o
contus/o
convalesc/o
convex/o
convolut/o
convuls/o
copi/o
copulat/o
cor/o
cord/o
cordi/o
core/o
cori/o
corne/o
coron/o
corp/u, corpor/o
corpuscul/o
cortcortic/o
cost/o
cox/o
crani/o
-crasia
creatin/o
crepit/o, crepitat/o
crin/o, -crine
cris/o, critic/o
-crit
cry/o
crypt/o
cubit/o
cuboid/o
culd/o
cult/o
-cusis
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
against, counter, opposite
prevention of conception
bruise
recover, become strong
arched, vaulted
coiled, twisted
pull together
plentiful
joining together, linking
pupil
cord, spinal cord
heart
pupil
skin, leather
cornea
coronary, crown
body
little body
covering
cortex, outer region
rib
hip, hip joint
skull
a mixture or blending
creatine
crackling, rattling
secrete
turning point
to separate
cold
hidden
elbow
cube-like
cul-de-sac, blind pouch
cultivate
hearing
4/10/08
cusp/i
cutane/o
cyan/o
cycl/o
-cyesis
cyst-, -cyst
cyst/o
cyt/o, -cyte
-cytic
-cytosis
AND
SUFFIXES
501
point, pointed flap
skin
blue
ciliary body of eye, cycle
pregnancy
bladder, bag
urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid
cell
pertaining to a cell
condition of cells
D
dacry/o
dacryocyst/o
dactyl/o
dedebrid/e
deca-, decidecidu/o
decubit/o
defec/o, defecat/o
defer/o
degenerat/o
deglutit/o
dehisce/o
deliri/o
delt/o
delus/o
dem/o
-dema
demidendr/o
dent/i, dent/o
depilate/o
depress/o
derma-, dermat/o,
derm/o
desic/o
-desis
deteriorat/o
dextr/o
didiadiaphor/o
diaphragmat/o
diastole/o
4:34:56pm
tear, lacrimal duct (tear duct)
lacrimal sac (tear sac)
fingers, toes
down, lack of, from, not, removal
open a wound
ten, tenth
shedding, falling off
lying down
free from waste, clear
carrying down or out
gradual impairment, breakdown,
diminished function
swallow
burst open, split
wandering in the mind
Greek letter delta, triangular shape
delude, mock, cheat
people, population
swelling (fluid)
half
branching, resembling a tree
tooth, teeth
hair removal
press down, lower, pressed or sunk
down
skin
drying
surgical fixation of bone or joint, to
bind, tie together
worsening or gradual impairment
right side
twice, twofold, double
through, between, apart, complete
sweat
diaphragm, wall across
standing apart, expansion
501 of 514
S
N
L
APPENDIX A
502
didym/o
diffus/o
digest/o
digit/o
dilat/o, dilatat/o
-dilation
dilut/o
diphther/o
dipl/o
dips/o, -dipsia
disdislocat/o
dissect/o
disseminat/o
dist/o
distend/o,
distent/o
diur/o, diuret/o
divert/i
domin/o
don/o
dors/i, dors/o
-dote
-drome
-duct
duct/o
duoden/i,
duoden/o
-dural
-dynia
dys-
testes, twins, double
pour out, spread apart
divide, distribute
finger or toe
spread out, expand
widening, stretching, expanding
dissolve, separate
membrane
double
thirst
negative, apart, absence of
displacement
cutting apart
widely scattered
far
stretch apart, expand
tending to increase urine output
turning aside
controlling, ruling
give
back of body
what is given
to run, running
opening
to lead, carry
duodenum, first part of small
intestine
pertaining to dura mater
pain
bad, difficult, or painful
E
e-e
-eal
ececchym/o
ech/o
eclamps/o,
eclampt/o
ectasia, -ectasis
ecto-ectomy
S
N
L
-ectopy
eczemat/o
-edema
edem-, edemat/o
out of, from
noun ending
pertaining to
out, outside
pouring out of juice
sound
flashing or shining forth
stretching, dilation,
enlargement
out, outside
surgical removal, cutting out,
excision
displacement
eruption
swelling
swelling, fluid, tumor
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
4/10/08
edentul/o
efeffect/o
effus/o
ejaculat/o
electr/o
eliminat/o
ememaciat/o
embol/o
embry/o
-emesis
emet/o
-emia
emmetr/o
emolli/o
enencephal/o
end-, endoendocrin/o
enem/o
enter/o
entoeosin/o
epiepidemi/o
epididym/o
epiglott/o
episi/o
epithel/i, epitheli/o
equin/o
-er
erect/o
erg/o, -ergy
erot/o
eruct/o, eructat/o
erupt/o
erythem/o,
erythemat/o
erythr/o
es-esis
esoesophag/o
-esthesia, esthesi/o
esthet/o
estr/o
ethm/o
eti/o
eu-
without teeth
out
bring about a response, activate
pouring out
throw or hurl out
electricity, electric
expel from the body
in
wasted by disease
something inserted or thrown in
fertilized ovum, embryo
vomiting
vomit
blood, blood condition
in proper measure
make soft, soften
in, within, into
brain
in, within, inside
secrete within
end in, inject
small intestine
within
red, rosy
above, upon, on
among the people, an epidemic
epididymis
epiglottis
vulva
epithelium
pertaining to a horse
one who
upright
work
sexual love
belch forth
break out, burst forth
flushed, redness
red
out of, outside, away from
abnormal condition, disease
inward
esophagus
sensation, feeling
feeling, nervous sensation, sense of
perception
female
sieve
cause
good, normal, well, or easy
4:34:56pm
502 of 514
PREFIXES, COMBINING FORMS,
-eurysm
evacu/o, evacuat/o
exexacerbat/o
exanthemat/o
excis/o
excori/o, excoriat/o
excret/o
excruciat/o
exhal/o, exhalat/o
exoexocrin/o
expector/o
expir/o, expirat/o
exstroph/o
extern/o
extraextreme/o,
extremit/o
extrins/o
exud/o, exudat/o
widening
empty out
out of, outside, away from
aggravate, irritate
rash
cutting out
abrade or scratch
separate, discharge
intense pain, agony
breathe out
out of, outside, away from
secrete out of
cough up
breathe out
turned or twisted out
outside, outer
on the outside, beyond, outside
extremity, outermost
from the outside, contained outside
to sweat out
F
faci/o
-facient
fasci/o
fascicul/o
fatal/o
fauc/i
febr/i
fec/i, fec/o
femor/o
fenestr/o
fer/o
-ferent
-ferous
fertil/o
fet/i, fet/o
fibr/o
fibrill/o
fibrin/o
fibros/o
fibul/o
-fic, fic/o
-fication
-fida
filtr/o, filtrat/o
fimbri/o
fiss/o, fissur/o
fistul/o
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
face, form
making, producing
fascia, fibrous band
little bundle
pertaining to fate, death
narrow pass, throat
fever
dregs, sediment, waste
femur, thigh bone
window
bear, carry
carrying
bearing, carrying, producing
fertile, fruitful, productive
fetus, unborn child
fiber
muscular twitching
fibrin, fibers, threads of a clot
fibrous connective tissue
fibula
making, producing, forming
process of making
split
filter, to strain through
fringe
crack, split, cleft
tube or pipe
4/10/08
flat/o
flex/o
flu/o
fluor/o
foc/o
foll/i
follicul/o
foramin/o
fore-form, form/o
fornic/o
foss/o
fove/o
fract/o
fren/o
frigid/o
front/o
-fuge
funct/o, function/o
fund/o
fung/i
furc/o
furuncul/o
-fusion
AND
SUFFIXES
503
flatus, breaking wind, rectal gas
bend
flow
glowing, luminous
focus, point
bag, sac
follicle, small sac
opening, foramen
before, in front of
resembling, in the shape of
arch, vault, brothel
ditch, shallow depression
pit
break, broken
device that limits movement
cold
forehead, brow
to drive away
perform, function
bottom, base, ground
fungus
forking, branching
furunculus, a boil, an infection
pour
G
galact/o
gamet/o
gangli/o,
ganglion/o
gangren/o
gastr/o
gastrocnemi/o
gemin/o
gen-, gen/o, -gen
-gene
-genic, -genesis
genit/o
-genous
ger/i
germin/o
geront/o
gest/o, gestat/o
gigant/o
gingiv/o
glauc/o
glen/o
gli/o
4:34:56pm
milk
wife or husband, egg or sperm
ganglion
eating sore, gangrene
stomach, belly
gastrocnemius, calf muscle
twin, double
producing, forming
production, origin, formation
creation, reproduction
produced by, birth, reproductive
organs
producing
old age
bud, sprout, germ
old age
bear, carry young or offspring
giant, very large
gingival tissue, gums
gray
socket or pit
neurologic tissue, supportive tissue
of nervous system
503 of 514
S
N
L
APPENDIX A
504
globin/o, -globulin
globul/o
glomerul/o
gloss/o
glott/i, glott/o
gluc/o
glute/o
glyc/o, glycos/o
glycer/o
glycogen/o
gnath/o
-gnosia
-gog, -gogue
goitr/o
gon/e, gon/o
gonad/o
goni/o
gracil/o
grad/i
-grade
-gram
granul/o
-graph
-graphy
gravid/o
-gravida
gynec/o
gyr/o
protein
little ball
glomerulus
tongue
back of the tongue
glucose, sugar
buttocks
glucose, sugar
sweet
glycogen, animal starch
jaw
knowledge, to know
make flow
goiter, enlargement of the thyroid
gland
seed
gonad, sex glands
angle
slender
move, go, step, walk
go
a picture or record
granule(s)
a picture or record, machine for
recording record
the process of producing a picture
or record
pregnancy
pregnant
woman, female
turning, folding
hirsut/o
hist/o, histi/o
holohom/o
home/o
hormon/o
humer/o
hydr/o, hydrahygien/o
hymen/o
hyperhyphypn/o
hypohyster/o
breath
great or large toe
hallucination, to wander in the mind
deep red iron-containing pigment
blood, relating to the blood
half
hemoglobin
liver
inherited, inheritance
hernia
creeping
other, different
habit
opening
sweat
hilum, notch or opening from a
body part
-iferous
-ific
-iform
-igo
-ile
ile/o
ili/o
illusi/o
imimmune/o
impact/o
H
S
N
L
hal/o, halit/o
halluc/o
hallucin/o
hem/e
hem/o, hemat/o
hemihemoglobin/o
hepat/o
hered/o, heredit/o
herni/o
herpet/o
heter/o
-hexia
hiat/o
hidr/o
hil/o
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
4/10/08
hairy, rough
tissue
all
same, like, alike
sameness, unchanging, constant
hormone
humerus (upper arm bone)
relating to water
healthful
hymen, a membrane
excessive, increased
deficient, decreased
sleep
deficient, decreased
uterus
I
-ia
-ial
-ian
-iasis
iatr/o
-iatrics
-iatrist
-iatry
-ible
-ic
ichthy/o
-ician
icter/o
idi/o
impress/o
impuls/o
inincis/o
abnormal condition, disease, plural
of -ium
pertaining to
specialist
abnormal condition, disease
physician, treatment
field of medicine, healing
specialist
field of medicine
capable of, able to
pertaining to
dry, scaly
specialist
jaundice
peculiar to the individual or organ,
one, distinct
bearing, carrying, producing
making, producing
shaped or formed like, resembling
attack, diseased condition
capable of
ileum, small intestine
ilium, hip bone
deception
not
immune, protection, safe
pushed against, wedged against,
packed
pressing into
pressure or pushing force, drive,
urging on
in, into, not, without
cutting into
4:34:57pm
504 of 514
PREFIXES, COMBINING FORMS,
incubat/o
indurat/o
-ine
infarct/o
infect/o
infer/o
infest/o
inflammat/o
infrainfundibul/o
ingest/o
inguin/o
inhal/o, inhalat/o
inject/o
innominat/o
inocul/o
insipid/o
inspir/o, inspirat/o
insul/o
insulin/o
intact/o
interintermitt/o
intern/o
interstiti/o
intestin/o
intim/o
intoxic/o
intraintrins/o
introintroit/o
intussuscept/o
involut/o
iod/o
-ion
ion/o
-ior
ipsiir-is
ir/i, ir/o,
irid/o, irit/o
is/o
isch/o
ischi/o
-ism
iso-ist
-isy
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
incubation, hatching
hardened
pertaining to
filled in, stuffed
infected, tainted
below, beneath
attack, assail, molest
flame within, set on fire
below, beneath, inferior to
funnel
carry or pour in
groin
breathe in
to force or throw in
unnamed, nameless
implant, introduce
tasteless
breathe in
island
insulin
untouched, whole
between, among
not continuous
within, inner
the space between things
intestine
innermost
put poison in
within, inside
contained within
within, into, inside
entrance or passage
take up or receive within
rolled up, curled inward
iodine
action, process, state or condition
ion, to wander
pertaining to
same
in
noun ending
iris, colored part of eye
same, equal
to hold back
ischium
condition, state of
equal
a person who practices, specialist
noun ending
4/10/08
AND
SUFFIXES
505
inflammation
structure, tissue
performs, tends toward
to make, to treat
-itis
-ium
-ive
-ize
J
jejunum
throat
beside, near, nearby
jejun/o
jugul/o
juxta-
K
kal/i
kary/o
kata-, kathkel/o
kerakerat/o
ket/o, keton/o
kines/o, kinesi/o,
-kinesia
-kinesis
klept/o
koil/o
kraur/o
kyph/o
potassium
nucleus, nut
down
growth, tumor
horn, hardness
horny, hard, cornea
ketones, acetones
movement
motion
to steal
hollow or concave
dry
bent, hump
L
labi/o
labyrinth/o
lacer/o, lacerat/o
lacrim/o
lact/i, lact/o
lactat/o
lamin/o
lapar/o
laps/o
-lapse
laryng/o
lat/i, lat/o
later/o
lav/o, lavat/o
lax/o, laxat/o
leiomy/o
lemm/o
-lemma
lent/i
4:34:57pm
lip
maze, labyrinth, the inner ear
torn, mangled
tear, tear duct, lacrimal duct
milk
secrete milk
lamina
abdomen, abdominal wall
slip, fall, slide
to slide, fall, sag
larynx, throat
broad
side
wash, bathe
loosen, relax
smooth (visceral) muscle
husk, peel, bark
sheath, covering
the lens of the eye
505 of 514
S
N
L
APPENDIX A
506
lenticul/o
-lepsy
lept/o
-leptic
leptoletharg/o
leuk/o
lev/o, levat/o
lex/o, -lexia
libid/o, libidin/o
ligament/o
ligat/o
lingu/o
lipid/o, lip/o
-listhesis
lith/o, -lith
lithiasis
lob/i, lob/o
loc/o
loch/i
-logy
longev/o
lord/o
lumb/o
lumin/o
lun/o, lunat/o
lunul/o
lup/i, lup/o
lute/o
lux/o
lymph/o
lymphaden/o
lymphangi/o
-lysis
-lyst
-lytic
shaped like a lens, pertaining to a
lens
seizure
thin, slender
to seize, take hold of
small, soft
drowsiness, oblivion
white
raise, lift up
word, phrase
sexual drive, desire, passion
ligament
binding or tying off
tongue
fat, lipid
slipping
stone, calculus
presence of stones
lobe, well-defined part of an organ
place
childbirth, confinement
study of
long-lived, long life
curve, swayback bent
lower back, loin
light
moon
crescent
wolf
yellow
to slide
lymph, lymphatic tissue
lymph gland
lymph vessel
breakdown, separation, setting free,
destruction, loosening
agent that causes lysis or loosening
to reduce, destroy
M
S
N
L
macromacul/o
magn/o
major/o
mal-malacia
malign/o
malle/o
malleol/o
large, abnormal size or length, long
spot
great, large
larger
bad, poor, evil
abnormal softening
bad, evil
malleus, hammer
malleolus, little hammer
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
4/10/08
mamm/o
man/i
man/i, man/o
mandibul/o
-mania
manipul/o
manubri/o
masset/o
mast/o
mastic/o,
masticat/o
mastoid/o
matern/o
matur/o
maxill/o
maxim/o
meat/o
medi/o
mediastin/o
medic/o
medicat/o
medull/o
mega-, megal/o
-megaly
mei/o
melan/o
mellit/o
membran/o
men/o
mening/o,
meningi/o
menisc/o
mens/o
menstru/o,
menstruat/o
ment/o
mesmesenter/o
mesi/o
mesometametabol/o
metacarp/o
metatars/o
-meter
metr/i, metr/o,
metri/o
breast
madness, rage
hand
mandible, lower jaw
obsessive preoccupation
use of hands
handle
chew
breast
chew
mastoid process
maternal, of a mother
ripe
maxilla (upper jaw)
largest, greatest
opening or passageway
middle
mediastinum, middle
medicine, physician, healing
medication, healing
medulla (inner section), middle,
soft, marrow
large, great
enlargement
less, meiosis
black, dark
honey, honeyed
membrane, thin skin
menstruation, menses
membranes, meninges
meniscus, crescent
menstruate, menstruation, menses
occurring monthly
mind, chin
middle
mesentery
middle, median plane
middle
change, beyond, subsequent to,
behind, after or next
change
metacarpals, bones of the hand
bones of the foot between the tarsus
and toes
measure, instrument used to measure
uterus
4:34:57pm
506 of 514
PREFIXES, COMBINING FORMS,
-metrist
-metry
micr/o, micromictur/o,
micturit/o
midmidsagitt/o
milli-mimetic
mineral/o
minim/o
minor/o
mio-mission
mit/o
mitr/o
mobil/o
monil/i
monomorbid/o
moribund/o
morph/o
mort/i, mort/o,
mort/u
mortal/i
mot/o, motil/o
mu/o
muc/o, mucos/o
multimuscul/o
mut/a
mut/o
mutagen/o
my/o
myc/e, myc/o
mydri/o
mydrias/i
myel/o
myocardi/o
myom/o
myos/o
miring/o
myx/o, myxa-
one who measures
to measure
small
urinate
middle
from front to back, at the middle
one-thousandth
mimic, copy
mineral
smallest, least
smaller
smaller, less
to send
a thread
a miter, having two points on top
capable of moving
string of beads, genus of parasitic
mold or fungus
one, single
disease, sickness
dying
shape, form
death, dead
pertaining to death, subject to death
motion, movement
close, shut
mucus
many, much
muscle
genetic change
unable to speak, inarticulate
causing genetic change
muscle
fungus
wide
dilation of the pupil
spinal cord, bone marrow
myocardium, heart muscle
muscle tumor
muscle
tympanic membrane, eardrum
mucus
N
nar/i
narc/o
nas/i, nas/o
nat/i
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
nostril
numbness, stupor
nose
birth
4/10/08
natr/o
nause/o
necr/o
-necrosis
neo-, ne/o
nephr/o
nerv/o, neur/i,
neur/o
neutr/o
nev/o
nid/o
niter-, nitronoct/i
nod/o
nodul/o
nom/o
nonnornorm/o
nuch/o
nucle/o
nucleol/o
nullinumer/o
nunci/o
nutri/o, nutrit/o
nyct/o, nyctal/o
AND
SUFFIXES
507
sodium
nausea, seasickness
death
tissue death
new, strange
kidney
nerve, nerve tissue
neither, neutral
birthmark, mole
next
nitrogen
night
knot, swelling
little knot
law, control
no
chemical compound
normal or usual
the nape
nucleus
little nucleus, nucleolus
none
number, count
messenger
nourishment, food, nourish, feed
night
O
obobes/o
obliqu/o
oblongat/o
obstetr/i, obstetr/o
occipit/o
occlud/o, occlus/o
occult/o
ocul/o
odont/o
-oid
-ole
olecran/o
olfact/o
olig/o
-ologist
-ology
-oma
om/o
oment/o
omphal/o
4:34:58pm
against
obese, extremely fat
slanted, sideways
oblong, elongated
midwife, one who stands to receive
back of the skull, occiput
shut, close up
hidden, concealed
eye
tooth
like, resembling
little, small
elbow, olecranon
smell, sense of smell
scanty, few
specialist
the science or study of
tumor, neoplasm
shoulder
omentum, fat
umbilical cord, the navel
507 of 514
S
N
L
APPENDIX A
508
onc/o
-one
onych/o
o/o, oo/o
oophor/o
opac/o, opacit/o
-opaque
oper/o, operat/o
opercul/o
ophthalm/o
-opia
opisth/o
-opsia, -opsis,
-opsy
opt/i, opt/o,
optic/o
or/o
orbit/o
orch/o, orchid/o,
orchi/o
-orexia
organ/o
orgasm/o
orth/o
-ory
os-ose
-osis
osm/o
-osmia
oss/e, oss/i
ossicul/o
oste/o, ost/o
-ostomy
-ostosis
ot/o
-otia
-otomy
ov/i, ov/o
ovari/o
ovul/o
ox/i, ox/o, ox/y
-oxia
oxid/o
oxy/o
tumor
hormone
fingernail or toenail
egg
ovary
shaded, dark, impenetrable to light
obscure
perform, operate, work
cover or lid
eye, vision
vision condition
backward
vision, view of
eye, vision
mouth, oral cavity
orbit, bony cavity or socket
testicles, testis, testes
appetite
organ
swell, be excited
straight, normal, correct
pertaining to
mouth, bone
full of, pertaining to, sugar
abnormal condition, disease
pushing, thrusting
smell, odor
bone
ossicle (small bone)
bone
surgically creating an opening
condition of bone
ear, hearing
ear condition
cutting, surgical incision
egg, ovum
ovary
egg
oxygen
oxygen condition
containing oxygen
the presence of oxygen in a compound
P
S
N
L
pachypalat/o
heavy, thick
palate, roof of mouth
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
4/10/08
pall/o, pallid/o
pale, lacking or drained of color
palliat/o
cloaked, hidden
palm/o
palm of the hand
palpat/o
touch, feel, stroke
palpebr/o
eyelid
palpit/o
throbbing, quivering
pan-
all, entire, every
pancreat/o
pancreas
papill/i, papill/o
nipple-like
papul/o
pimple
par-, para-
beside, near, beyond, abnormal,
apart from, opposite, along side of
to bear, bring forth, labor
to give birth
disable
par/o
-para
paralys/o,
paralyt/o
parasit/o
parathyroid/o
pares/i
-paresi
paret/o
-pareunia
pariet/o
parotid/o
-parous
paroxysm/o
-partum, parturit/o
patell/a, patell/o
path/o, -pathy
paus/o
-pause
pector/o
ped/o
pedi/a
pedicul/o
pelv/i, pelv/o
pen/i
pend/o
-penia
peps/i, -pepsia,
pept/o
perpercept/o
percuss/o
periperine/o
peristals/o,
peristalt/o
peritone/o
perme/o
parasite
parathyroid glands
to disable
partial or incomplete paralysis
to disable
sexual intercourse
wall
parotid gland
having borne one or more children
sudden attack
childbirth, labor
patella, kneecap
disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
cessation, stopping
stopping
chest
child, foot
child
louse (singular), lice (plural)
pelvic bone, pelvic cavity, hip
penis
to hang
deficiency, lack, too few
digest, digestion
excessive, through
become aware, perceive
strike, tap, beat
surrounding, around
perineum
constrict around
peritoneum
to pass or go through
4:34:58pm
508 of 514
PREFIXES, COMBINING FORMS,
pernici/o
perone/o
perspir/o
pertuss/i
petechi/o
-pexy
phac/o
phag/o
-phage
-phagia
phak/o
phalang/o
phall/i, phill/o
pharmac/o,
pharmaceut/o
pharyng/o
phas/o
-phasia
phe/o
pher/o
-pheresis
phil/o, -phil,
-philia
phleb/o
phlegm/o
phob/o, -phobia
phon/o, -phonia
phor/o
-phoresis
-phoria
phot/o
phren/o
-phthisis
-phylactic
-phylaxis
physi/o, physic/o
-physis
phyt/o, -phyte
pigment/o
pil/i, pil/o
pineal/o
pinn/i
pituit/o, pituitar/o
plac/o
placent/o
plak/o, -plakia
plan/o
plant/i, plant/o
plas/i, plas/o,
-plasia
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
destructive, harmful
fibula
perspiration
intensive cough
skin spot
surgical fixation
lens of eye
eat, swallow
a cell that destroys, eat, swallow
eating, swallowing
lens of eye
phalanges, finger and toe
penis
drug
throat, pharynx
speech
speak or speech
dusky
to bear or carry
removal
attraction to, like, love
vein
thick mucus
abnormal fear
sound, voice
carry, bear, movement
carrying, transmission
to bear, carry, feeling, mental state
light
diaphragm, mind
wasting away
protective, preventive
protection
nature, physical
to grow
plant
pigment, color
hair
pineal gland
external ear, auricle
pituitary gland
flat plate or patch
placenta, round flat cake
plaque, plate, thin flat layer or scale
flat
sole of foot
development, growth, formation
4/10/08
-plasm
plasm/o
-plastic
-plasty
ple/o
-plegia
-plegic
pleur/o
plex/o
plic/o
pne/o-pnea
-pneic
pneum/o,
pneumon/o
pod/o
-poiesis
poikil/o
pol/o
poli/o
pollic/o
polypolyp/o
pont/o
poplit/o
por/o
-porosis
AND
SUFFIXES
509
formative material of cells
something molded or formed
pertaining to formation
surgical repair
more, many
paralysis, stroke
one affected with paralysis
pleura, side of the body
plexus, network
fold or ridge
breath, breathing
breathing
pertaining to breathing
lung, air
foot
formation, to make
varied, irregular
extreme
gray matter of brain and spinal cord
thumb
many
polyp, small growth
pons (a part of the brain), bridge
back of the knee
pore, small opening
lessening in density,
porous condition
port/i
gate, door
postafter, behind
poster/o
behind, toward the back
potent/o
powerful
pract/i, practic/o
practice, pursue an occupation
prandi/o, -prandial meal
-praxia
action, condition concerning the
performance of movements
-praxis
act, activity, practice use
prebefore, in front of
precoc/i
early, premature
pregn/o
pregnant, full of
prematur/o
too early, untimely
preputi/o
foreskin, prepuce
presby/o
old age
press/o
press, draw
priap/o
penis
primifirst
probefore, in behalf of
process/o
going forth
procident/o
fall down or forward
procreat/o
reproduce
4:34:58pm
509 of 514
S
N
L
APPENDIX A
510
proct/o
prodrom/o
product/o
prolaps/o
prolifer/o
pron/o, pronat/o
prosprostat/o
prosth/o,
prosthet/o
prot/o, prote/o
protein/o
proxim/o
prurit/o
pseud/o
psor/i, psor/o
psych/o
ptomat/o
-ptosis
-ptyal/o
-ptysis
pub/o
pubert/o
pudend/o
puerper/i
pulm/o, pulmon/o
pulpos/o
puls/o
punct/o
pupill/o
pur/o
purpur/o
purul/o
pustul/o
py/o
pyel/o
pylor/o
pyr/o, pyret/o
pyramid/o
anus and rectum
running ahead, precursor
lead forward, yield, produce
fall downward, slide forward
reproduce, bear offspring
bent forward
before
prostate gland
addition, appendage
first
protein
near
itching
false
itch, itching
mind
a fall
droop, sag, prolapse, fall
saliva
spitting
pubis, part of hip bone
ripe age, adult
pudendum
childbearing, labor
lung
fleshy, pulpy
beat, beating, striking
sting, prick, puncture
pupil
pus
purple
pus-filled
infected pimple
pus
renal pelvis, bowl of kidney
pylorus, pyloric sphincter
fever, fire
pyramid-shaped
Q
quadr/i, quadr/o
four
S
N
L
madness, rage
spinal column, vertebrae
radiation, x-rays, radius (lateral
lower arm bone)
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
-rrhaphy
-rrhea
-rrhexis
ruberug/o
giving off rays or radiant energy
nerve root
seam, suture
back, again
receive, receiver
receive, take to oneself
rectum, straight
network
recover, regain health
bring back together
bend back, turn aside
flood or gush back
give up, let go, relax
kidney
rebuild, put back, restore
revive
hold back
network
retina, net
draw back or in
behind, backward, back of
rod, rod-shaped
striated muscle
watery flow, subject to flow
nose
root
snore, snoring
rhythm
wrinkle
stiff
laugh
x-ray
rotate, revolve
bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid
discharge
surgical suturing
flow or discharge
rupture
red
wrinkle, fold
S
R
rabi/o
rachi/o
radi/o
radiat/o
radicul/o
raph/o
rerecept/o
recipi/o
rect/o
recticul/o
recuperat/o
reduct/o
refract/o
regurgit/o
remiss/o
ren/o
restor/o
resuscit/o
retent/o
reticul/o
retin/o
retract/o
retrorhabd/o
rhabdomy/o
rheum/o,
rheumat/o
rhin/o
rhiz/o
rhonc/o
rhythm/o
rhytid/o
rigid/o
ris/o
roentgen/o
rotat/o
-rrhage, -rrhagia
4/10/08
sacc/i, sacc/o
sacchar/o
sacr/o
saliv/o
salping/o
sac
sugar
sacrum
saliva
uterine (fallopian) tube, auditory
(eustachian) tube
4:34:58pm
510 of 514
PREFIXES, COMBINING FORMS,
-salpinx
san/o
sangu/i, sanguin/o
sanit/o
saphen/o
sapr/o
sarc/o
scalp/o
scapul/o
schiz/o
scintill/o
scirrh/o
scler/o
-sclerosis
scoli/o
-scope
-scopic
-scopy
scot/o
scrib/o, script/o
scrot/o
seb/o
secret/o
sect/o, secti/o
segment/o
sell/o
semisemin/i
sen/i
senesc/o
senil/o
sens/i
sensitiv/o
seps/o
sept/o
ser/o
seros/o
sial/o
sialaden/o
sider/o
sigm/o
sigmoid/o
silic/o
sin/o, sin/u
sinistr/o
sinus/o
-sis
sit/u
skelet/o
soci/o
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
uterine (fallopian) tube
sound, healthy, sane
blood
soundness, health
clear, apparent, manifest
decaying, rotten
flesh, connective tissue
carve, scrape
scapula, shoulder blade
division, split
spark
hard
sclera, white of eye, hard
abnormal hardening
curved, bent
instrument for visual examination
pertaining to visual examination
visual examination
darkness
write
bag or pouch
sebum
produce, separate out
cut, cutting
pieces
saddle
half
semen, seed, sperm
old
grow old
old age
feeling, sensation
sensitive to, affected by
infection
infection, partition
serum
serous
saliva
salivary gland
iron
Greek letter sigma
sigmoid colon
glass
hollow, sinus
left, left side
sinus
abnormal condition, disease
place
skeleton
companion, fellow being
4/10/08
AND
SUFFIXES
511
solution
loosened, dissolved
body
sleep
sound
sleep
draw off, draw
sudden involuntary contraction,
tightening, or cramping
spec/i
look at, a kind or sort
specul/o
mirror
sperm/o, spermat/o sperm, spermatozoa, seed
sphen/o
sphenoid bone, wedge
spher/o
round, sphere, ball
sphincter/o
tight band
sphygm/o
pulse
spin/o
spine, backbone
spir/o
to breathe
spirill/o
little coil
spirochet/o
coiled microorganism
splen/o
spleen
spondyl/o
vertebrae, vertebral column,
backbone
spontane/o
unexplained, of one’s own accord
spor/o
seed, spore
sput/o
sputum, spit
squam/o
scale
-stalsis
contraction, constriction
staped/o, stapedi/o stapes (middle ear bone)
staphyl/o
clusters, bunch of grapes
-stasis, -static
control, maintenance of a constant
level
steat/o
fat, lipid, sebum
sten/o
narrowing, contracted
-stenosis
abnormal narrowing
ster/o
solid structure
stere/o
solid, three-dimensional
steril/i
sterile
stern/o
sternum, the breastbone
stert/o
snore, snoring
steth/o
chest
-sthenia
strength
stigmat/o
point, spot
stimul/o
goad, prick, incite
stol/o
send or place
stom/o, stomat/o
mouth, oral cavity
-stomosis, -stomy
furnish with a mouth or outlet, new
opening
strab/i
squint, squint-eyed
strat/i
layer
-sol
solut/o, solv/o
soma-, somat/o
somn/i, somn/o
son/o
sopor/o
spad/o
-spasm, spasmod/o
4:34:59pm
511 of 514
S
N
L
APPENDIX A
512
strept/o
striat/o
stricstrict/o
strid/o
stup/e
styl/o
subsubluxat/o
sucr/o
sudor/i
suffoc/o, suffocat/o
sulc/o
super-, super/o
superflu/o
supin/o
supinat/o
suppress/o
suppur/o,
suppurate/o
suprasupraren/o
twisted chain
stripe, furrow, groove
narrowing
draw tightly together, bind or tie
harsh sound
benumbed, stunned
pen, pointed instrument
under, less, below
partial dislocation
sugar
sweat
choke, strangle
furrow, groove
above, excessive, higher than
overflowing, excessive
lying on the back
bend backward, place on the back
press down
to form pus
above, upper, excessive
above or on the kidney, suprarenal
gland
-surgery
operative procedure
sutur/o
stitch, seam
symwith, together, joined together
symptomat/o
falling together, symptom
syntogether, with, union, association
synaps/o, synapt/o point of contact
syncop/o
to cut short, cut off
-syndesis
surgical fixation of vertebrae
syndesm/o
ligament
syndrom/o
running together
synovi/o, synov/o
synovial membrane, synovial fluid
syphil/i, syphil/o
syphilis
syring/o
tube
system/o,
body system
systemat/o
systol/o
contraction
T
tachytact/i
talip/o
tars/o
S
N
L
tax/o
techn/o, techni/o
tectori/o
fast, rapid
touch
foot and ankle deformity
tarsus (ankle bone), instep, edge of
the eyelid
coordination, order
skill
covering, roof-like
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
4/10/08
tele/o
tempor/o
ten/o, tend/o
tenac/i
tendin/o
tens/o
terat/o
termin/o
test/i, test/o
tetan/o
tetrathalam/o
thalass/o
thanas/o, thanat/o
the/o
thec/o
thel/o
therap/o,
therapeut/o
therm/o
thiothora/o, thorac/o
-thorax
thromb/o
thym/o
-thymia
-thymic
thyr/o, thyroid/o
tibi/o
-tic
tine/o
tinnit/o
-tion
toc/o, -tocia,
-tocin
tom/o
-tome
-tomy
ton/o
tone/o
tonsill/o
top/o
tors/o
tort/i
tox/o, toxic/o
trabecul/o
trache/i, trache/o
trachel-
distant, far
temporal bone, temple
tendon, stretch out, extend, strain
holding fast, sticky
tendon
stretch out, extend, strain
malformed fetus
end, limit
testicle, testis
rigid, tense
four
thalamus, inner room
sea
death
put, place
sheath
nipple
treatment
heat
sulfur
chest
chest, pleural cavity
clot
thymus gland, soul
a state of mind
pertaining to the mind, relating to
the thymus gland
thyroid gland
tibia (shin bone)
pertaining to
gnawing worm, ringworm
ringing, buzzing, tinkling
process, state or quality of
labor, birth
cut, section, slice
instrument to cut
process of cutting
tension, tone, stretching
to stretch
tonsil, throat
place, position, location
twist, rotate
twisted
poison, poisonous
little beam marked with cross bars
or beams
trachea, windpipe
neck
4:34:59pm
512 of 514
PREFIXES, COMBINING FORMS,
tract/o
tranquil/o
transtransfus/o
transit/o
transvers/o
traumat/o
trem/o
tremul/o
treponem/o
tritrich/o
trigon/o
-tripsy
-trite
trop/o, -tropia
troph/o, -trophy
-tropic
-tropin
tub/i, tub/o
tubercul/o
tunic/o
turbinat/o
tuss/i
tympan/o
-type
draw, pull, path, bundle of nerve
fibers
quiet, calm, tranquil
across, through
pour across, transfer
changing
across, crosswise
injury
shaking, trembling
fine tremor or shaking
coiled, turning microbe
three
hair
trigone
to crush
instrument for crushing
turn, change
development, nourishment
having an affinity for
to stimulate, act on
tube, pipe
little knot, swelling
covering, cloak, sheath
coiled, spiral shaped
cough
tympanic membrane, eardrum
classification, picture
U
-ula
-ule
ulcer/o
uln/o
ultra-um
umbilic/o
unungu/o
uniur/o
-uresis
ureter/o
urethr/o
urg/o
-uria
urin/o
urtic/o
-us
uter/i, uter/o
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
small, little
small one
sore, ulcer
ulna (medial lower arm bone)
beyond, excess
singular noun ending
navel
not
nail
one
urine, urinary tract
urination
ureter
urethra
press, push
urination, urine
urine or urinary organs
nettle, rash, hives
thing, singular noun ending
uterus
4/10/08
AND
SUFFIXES
513
iris, choroid, ciliary body, uveal tract
uvula, little grape
uve/o
uvul/o
V
vaccin/i, vaccin/o
vacu/o
vag/o
vagin/o
valg/o
valv/o, valvul/o
var/o
varic/o
vas/o
vascul/o
vast/o
vect/o
ven/o
vener/o
venterventilat/o
ventr/o
ventricul/o
venul/o
verg/o
verm/i
verruc/o
-verse, -version
vers/o, vert/o
vertebr/o
vertig/o,
vertigin/o
vesic/o
vesicul/o
vestibul/o
vi/o
vill/i
vir/o
viril/o
vis/o
visc/o
viscer/o
viscos/o
vit/a, vit/o
viti/o
vitre/o
voc/i
vol/o
4:34:59pm
vaccine
empty
vagus nerve, wandering
vagina
bent or twisted outward
valve
bent or twisted inward
varicose veins, swollen or dilated
vein
vas deferens, vessel
blood vessel, little vessel
vast, great, extensive
carry, convey
vein
sexual intercourse
abdomen
expose to air, fan
in front, belly side of body
ventricle of brain or heart, small
chamber
venule, small vein
twist, incline
worm
wart
to turn
turn
vertebra, backbone
whirling round
urinary bladder
seminal vesicle, blister, little bladder
entrance, vestibule
force
shaggy hair, tuft of hair
poison, virus
masculine, manly
seeing, sight
sticky
viscera, internal organ
sticky
life
blemish, defect
glassy, made of glass
voice
palm or sole
513 of 514
S
N
L
APPENDIX A
514
volv/o
vulgar/i
vulv/o
Y
roll, turn
common
vulva, covering
X
xanth/o
xen/o
xer/o
xiph/i, xiph/o
noun ending
-y
Z
yellow
strange, foreign
dry
sword
zo/o
zygomat/o
zygot/o
animal life
cheek bone, yoke
joined together
S
N
L
D4623-Ehrlich_App_A
4/10/08
4:35:00pm
514 of 514
APPENDIX
B
ABBREVIATIONS
AND THEIR
MEANINGS
Reminders about abbreviations: (1) An abbreviation can
have several meanings. (2) A term can have several abbreviations. When in doubt, always verify the meaning of
the abbreviation!
ACD
ACE
ACG
A
A2 or A2
A
a
aa
AA, AC
AAA
AAL
AAV
A&B
A/B
AB, Ab,
ab
AB, Abnl,
abn
Ab
ABC
Abd,
Abdo
ABE
ABG
ABP
ABR
abx
ac
AC, ac
acc
aortic valve closure
abnormal; adult; age; allergy; anaphylaxis;
anesthesia; anterior; antibody; auscultation
accommodation; acid
amino acid
alopecia areata; asthma; asthmatic
abdominal aortic aneurysm
anterior axillary line
adeno-associated virus
apnea and bradycardia
acid-base ratio
abortion
abnormal
antibody
aspiration, biopsy, cytology
abdomen
acute bacterial endocarditis
arterial blood gases
arterial blood pressure
auditory brainstem response
antibiotics
acute
anticoagulant; before meals
accident; accommodation
ACH
ACL
ACLS
ACT
ACTH
ACU
ACVD
AD
ADC
ADD
ADE
ADH
ADHD
ADL
ad lib
adm
ADR
ADS
ADT
AE, A/E
AED
AF
AF, A fib,
AFib
AFB
absolute cardiac dullness; acid-citrate-dextrose; anterior chest diameter; area of
cardiac disease
acute care of the elderly; aerobic chair
exercises; angiotensin-converting enzyme
angiocardiogram; angiocardiography; apex
cardiogram
adrenocortical hormone
anterior cruciate ligament
advanced cardiac life support
activated coagulation time; anticoagulant
therapy
adrenocorticotropic hormone
acute care unit; ambulatory care unit
acute cardiovascular disease
admitting diagnosis; advanced directive; after
discharge; Alzheimer’s disease; right ear
AIDS dementia complex
attention deficit disorder
acute disseminated encephalitis; adverse
drug event
adhesion; antidiuretic hormone
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
activities of daily life; activities of daily living
as desired
admission
adverse drug reaction
antibody deficiency syndrome
admission, discharge, transfer
above elbow
automated external defibrillation
acid-fast; amniotic fluid; atrial flutter
atrial fibrillation
S
N
L
acid-fast bacilli
515
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
4:36:49pm
515 of 532
516
APPENDIX B
AFP
Ag
AH
AHD
AI
AID
AIDS
AIH
AIHA
AJ, aj
AK
AKA
alb
ALD
alk
ALL
ALND
ALP
ALS
ALT, alt
alt dieb
alt hor
alt noct
Am
AMA
amb
AMD
AMI
AML
AMN
amp
AMS
S
N
L
amt
AN
ANA
ANAS
anat
anes,
anesth
ANLL
alpha-fetoprotein
antigen
abdominal hysterectomy
antihypertensive drug; arteriosclerotic heart
disease; autoimmune hemolytic disease
accidentally incurred; aortic insufficiency;
atherogenic index
acute infectious disease; artificial insemination donor
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
artificial insemination husband
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
ankle jerk
above knee
above-knee amputation
albumin
aldosterone
alkaline
acute lymphoblastic leukemia; acute
lymphocytic leukemia
axillary lymph node dissection
acute lupus pericarditis; alkaline
phosphatase
advanced life support; amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis; antilymphocytic serum
alternative; altitude
alternate days; every other day
alternate hours
alternate nights
amnion
advanced maternal age; against medical
advice; American Medical Association
ambulance; ambulatory
age-related macular degeneration
acute myocardial infarction
acute myeloblastic leukemia; acute myelocytic leukemia; amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis
amniocentesis
amplification; ampule; amputate
altered mental status; automated multiphasic screening
amount
aneurysm; anorexia nervosa
antinuclear antibodies
anastomosis
anatomy
anesthesia; anesthetic
ANS
acute nonlymphocytic leukemia
AVM
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
ant, ANT
ANUG
AOD
AODM
AOM
A&P
AP
APAP
Aph
APLD
aPTT
aq
AR
ARD
ARDS
ARF
ARI
ARM
ART
AS
ASA
ASAP
ASCVD
ASD
ASH
ASHD
ASO
ASS
AST
As tol
AT
ATP
atr
AU
AUL
aus, ausc,
auscul
A-V, AV
anterior nasal spine; autonomic nervous
system
anterior
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
arterial occlusive disease
adult-onset diabetes mellitus
acute otitis media
anatomy and physiology; anterior and
posterior; auscultation and percussion
abruptio placenta; angina pectoris; anteroposterior; anterior-posterior; appendectomy; appendicitis
acetaminophen
aphasia
aspiration percutaneous lumbar diskectomy
activated partial thromboplastin time
aqueous; water
abnormal record; achievement ration; alarm
reaction; artificial respiration
acute respiratory disease
acute respiratory distress syndrome; adult
respiratory distress syndrome
acute renal failure; acute respiratory failure
acute respiratory infection
artificial rupture of membranes
arthritis; assisted reproductive technology
ankylosing spondylitis; aortic stenosis;
astigmatism; left ear
acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
as soon as possible
arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease
atrial septal defect
asymmetrical septal hypertrophy
arteriosclerotic heart disease
administrative services only; arteriosclerosis
obliterans
anterior superior spine
Aphasia Screening Test; aspartate aminotransferase
as tolerated
Achilles tendon
adenosine triphosphate
atrophy
aures unitas; both ears
acute undifferentiated leukemia
auscultation
aortic valve; artificial ventilation;
arteriovenous; atrioventricular
arteriovenous malfunction
4:37:05pm
516 of 532
ABBREVIATIONS
AVN
AVR
A&W
Ax, ax
AZT
atrioventricular node
aortic valve replacement
alive and well
axilla; axillary
Aschheim-Zondek test
B
B/A
BA
Ba
BAC
BACT,
Bact,
bact
BaE
BAO
bas
BBB
BBT
BC
BCC
BD
BDT
BE
BEAM
BED
BFP
bid, b.i.d.
BID
BIL, Bil,
Bili
bil
BIN, bin
BJ
BK
BKA
Bld
BM
BMB
BMD
BMI
BMR
BMT
BNO
BNR
BOM
BP
bruit
backache
bronchial asthma
barium
blood alcohol concentration
bacteria; bacterium
barium enema
basal acid output
basophils
blood-brain barrier; bundle branch block
basal body temperature
bone conduction
basal cell carcinoma
bronchodilator
bone density testing
barium enema; below elbow
brain electrical activity map
binge eating disorder
biologic false positive
bis in die; twice a day
brought in dead
bilirubin
bilateral
twice a night
Bence Jones
below knee
below-knee amputation
blood
bone marrow; bowel movement
bone marrow biopsy
Becker’s muscular dystrophy; bone mineral
density
body mass index
basal metabolic rate
barium meal test; bone marrow transplant
bladder neck obstruction
bladder neck resection
bilateral otitis media
Bell’s palsy; bedpan; bathroom privileges;
blood pressure
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
THEIR MEANINGS
517
borderline personality disorder
benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign
prostatic hypertrophy
beats per minute
breaths per minute
blood pressure and pulse
benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
bed rest; bronchitis
bright red blood per rectum
bronchoscope; bronchoscopy
BPD
BPH
B
AND
BPM
bpm
BP&P
BPPV
BR, Br
BRBPR
BRO,
Bronch
BRP
BS
BSE
BSO
BT
BUN
BV
Bx, bx
bathroom privileges
blood sugar; bowel sounds; breath sounds
breast self-examination
bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
bleeding time
blood urea nitrogen
bacterial vaginosis; blood volume
biopsy
C
C1 through
C7
C
C.
c
c
c
Ca
CA, Ca
CAB
CABG
CAD
CAL
cal
cap, caps
CAPD
card cath
CAT
cath
caut
CAVH
CBC, cbc
CBF
CBI
CBR
cervical vertebrae
centigrade; Celsius; cholesterol;
convergence; cyanosis
chlamydia
centimeter
with
without
calcium
cancer; cardiac arrest; carcinoma;
chronological age
coronary artery bypass
coronary artery bypass grafting
computer-assisted diagnosis; coronary artery disease
calcitonin
calorie
capsule
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
cardiac catheterization
cataract
catheter; catheterization; catheterize
cauterization
continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration
complete blood count
capillary blood flow; coronary blood flow
continuous bladder irrigation
complete bedrest
4:37:06pm
517 of 532
S
N
L
518
APPENDIX B
CBS
CC
cc
CCA
CCCR
CCE
CCPD
CCr
CCU
CD
CDC
CDE
CDH
CEA
CEPH
CF
CFS
CGL
C gl
CH
CHB
CHD
CHF
CHO
chol
chole
CI
cib
CID
CIR, CIRR
CIRC,
circum
CIS
CIT
CK
ck
Cl, cl
CL
S
N
L
CLD
CLL
cl liq
cm
cm3
CME
chronic brain syndrome
chief complaint; colony count; cardiac cycle;
cardiac cauterization; creatinine clearance
cubic centimeter (1/1,000 liter)
circumflex coronary artery
closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation
cholecystectomy
continuous cycle peritoneal dialysis
creatinine clearance
coronary care unit
communicable disease; contact dermatitis;
Crohn’s disease
calculated date (day) of confinement; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
common duct exploration
congenital dislocation of the hip
carotid endarterectomy
cephalic
complete fixation; counting fingers; cystic
fibrosis
chronic fatigue syndrome
chronic granulomatous leukemia
with correction; with glasses
chromosome
complete heart block
congenital heart defects; coronary heart
disease
congestive heart failure
carbohydrate
cholesterol
cholecystectomy
conjunctivitis; coronary insufficiency
food
cytomegalic inclusion disease
cirrhosis
circumcision
carcinoma in situ
conventional insulin treatment
creatine kinase
check
clinic; chloride
cholelithiasis; chronic leukemia; cirrhosis of
the liver; cleft lip; corpus luteum
chronic liver disease
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
clear liquid
centimeter (1/100 meter)
cubic centimeter
cystoid macular edema
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
CMG
CML
CMM
CMV
CNS
C/O, c/o
CO
CO2
COD
COH
COL
COLD
comp
cond
contra
COPD
CP
CPA
CPAP
CPC
CPD
CPE
CPK
CPN
CPPB
CPR
CPS
CR
CRC
CRD
creat
CRF
CRP
CRPS
CRYO
C&S
CS
CSAP
C-section
CSF
CSO
CSR
CT
CTCL
cystometrogram
chronic myelocytic leukemia
cutaneous malignant melanoma
controlled mechanical ventilation;
cytomegalovirus
central nervous system; cutaneous nerve
stimulation
complains of
carbon monoxide; coronary occlusion;
coronary output
carbon dioxide
cause of death
carbohydrate
colonoscopy
chronic obstructive lung disease
compound
condition
against
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
cardiopulmonary; cerebral palsy
carotid phonoangiograph
continuous positive airway pressure
clinicopathologic conference
cephalopelvic disproportion
cardiopulmonary edema
creatine phosphokinase
chronic pyelonephritis
continuous positive-pressure breathing
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
cycles per second
closed reduction; complete response; conditioned reflex
colorectal carcinoma
chronic respiratory disease
creatinine
chronic renal failure
C-reactive protein
complex regional pain syndrome
cryosurgery
culture and sensitivity
central supply; complete stroke; conditioned
stimulus; Cushing’s syndrome
cryosurgical ablation of the prostate
cesarian section
cerebrospinal fluid
craniostenosis
central supply room; Cheyne-Stokes
respiration
computed tomography
cutaneous T cell lymphoma
4:37:06pm
518 of 532
ABBREVIATIONS
CTD
CTR
CTS
cu
CUC
CUG
CV
CVA
CVD
CVL
CVP
CVS
CWP
Cx
CX, CXR
cysto
cyt
cumulative trauma disorders
carpal tunnel release
carpal tunnel syndrome
cubic
chronic ulcerative colitis
cystourethrogram
cardiovascular
cardiovascular accident; cerebrovascular
accident
cardiovascular disease
central venous line
central venous pressure; Cytoxan, vincristine, prednisone
chorionic villus sampling
childbirth without pain
cervix
chest x-ray film
cystoscopic examination; cystoscopy
cytology; cytoplasm
D
D
d
DAT
db, dB
D&C
D/C, d/c
DCC
DCIS
DCR
D/D, DD,
DDx, Ddx
D&E
debr
Dg, dg
del
DES
DEXA
DF
DG, dg
DGE
DHFS
DI
Diag, diag
DIC
diff
diopt, Dptr
DIP
diph
diopter; dorsal
day
diet as tolerated
decibel
dilation and curettage
diarrhea/constipation
direct-current cardioversion
ductal carcinoma in situ
direct cortical response
differential diagnosis
dilation and evacuation
debridement
diagnosis
delivery
diethylstilbestrol
dual energy x-ray absorptiometry
dorsiflexion
diagnosis
delayed gastric emptying
dengue hemorrhagic fever shock syndrome
diabetes insipidus
diagnosis
diffuse intravascular coagulation
differential diagnosis
diopter
distal interphalangeal
diphtheria
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
disch
DJD
DKA
DL
DLE
DM
DMD
DNA
DNR
DNS
DOA
DOB
DOC
DOE
DOMS
DOT
DPT
DQ
DR
dr
DRD
DRE
DRG
DRP
D/S
DS
DSA
DSD
dsg
DT
DT, DT’s,
DTs
DTP
DTR
du
DUB
DVA
DVI
DVT
D/W
DX, Dx
DXA
AND
THEIR MEANINGS
519
discharge
degenerative joint disease
diabetic ketoacidosis
danger list
discoid lupus erythematosus
dermatomyositis; diabetes mellitus; diastolic
murmur
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
deoxyribonucleic acid
do not resuscitate
deviated nasal septum
dead on arrival
date of birth
date of conception
dyspnea on exertion
delayed-onset muscle soreness
directly observed therapy
diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus
developmental quotient
diabetic retinopathy; digital radiography;
doctor
dram; dressing
developmental reading disorder
digital rectal exam
diagnosis-related group
diabetic retinopathy
dextrose in saline
Down syndrome
digital subtraction angiography
dry sterile dressing
dressing
diphtheria and tetanus toxoids
delirium tremens
diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, and pertussis
vaccine
deep tendon reflex
decubitus ulcer
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
distance visual acuity
digital vascular imaging
deep vein thrombosis
dextrose in water
diagnosis
dual x-ray absorptiometry
E
E
e
encephalitis; enema; etiology
epinephrine; estrogen
4:37:06pm
519 of 532
S
N
L
520
APPENDIX B
estimated blood loss
epidural blood patch
Epstein-Barr virus
endocervical curettage; extracorporeal
circulation
ECCE
extracapsular cataract extraction
ECG
electrocardiogram; electrocardiography
ECHO
echocardiogram; echocardiography
E coli
Escherichia coli
ECT
electroconvulsive therapy
ED
effective dose; emergency department; epidural; erythema dose; erectile dysfunction
EDA
epidural anesthesia
EDC
estimated date (day) of confinement
EDD
end-diastolic dimension
EDS
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
EDV
end-diastolic volume
EECG
electroencephalography
EEE
eastern equine encephalomyelitis
EEG
electroencephalogram; electroencephalo
graphy
EENT
eye, ear, nose, and throat
EFM
electronic fetal monitor
EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
EIA
enzyme immunoassay
EIB
exercise-induced bronchospasm
Ej
elbow jerk
EKG
electrocardiogram; electrocardiography
ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
elix
elixir
EM
electron microscope; emmetropia; erythema
multiforme
emb
embolism
EMG
electromyogram; electromyography
EMP
emphysema
EMR
educable mentally retarded; electronic
medical record; eye movement record
EMS
early morning specimen; electromagnetic
spectrum
EN, endo
endoscopy
Endo
endometriosis
ENG
electronystagmography
ENT
ear, nose, and throat
EOG
electro-oculogram
EOM
extraocular muscles; extraocular movement
Eos, eosins eosinophils
EP
ectopic pregnancy; evoked potential
EPF
early pregnancy factor; exophthalmosproducing factor
Epi, EPI
epinephrine
EBL
EBP
EBV
ECC
S
N
L
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
epi, epil
epid
epis
EPO
EPR
EPS
ER
ERCP
ERPF
ERT
ERV
ESD
ESPF
ESR
EST
ESRD
ESWL
ESV
ET
et
ETF
ETI
etiol
ETT
EU
EV
EWB
ex
exam
exp
ext
Ez
epilepsy
epidemic
episiotomy
erythropoietin
electron paramagnetic resonance; emergency physical restraint
extrapyramidal symptoms; exophthalmosproducing substance
emergency room; epigastric region
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
effective renal plasma flow
estrogen replacement therapy; external
radiation therapy
expiratory reserve volume
end-systolic dimension
end-stage pulmonary fibrosis
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
electric shock therapy
end-stage renal disease
extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
end-systolic volume
embryo transfer; enterically transmitted;
esotropia; eustachian tube
and
eustachian tube function
endotracheal intubation
etiology
endotracheal tube; exercise tolerance test
Ehrlich units; emergency unit; etiology
unknown
esophageal varices
estrogen withdrawal bleeding
excision; exercise
examination
expiration
extraction; external
eczema
F
F
FA
FAS
FB
FBS
FCD
FDP
FECG
Fahrenheit
fluorescein angiography; fluorescent antibody; fructosamine test
fetal alcohol syndrome
foreign body
fasting blood sugar
fibrocystic disease
fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products
fetal electrocardiogram
4:37:06pm
520 of 532
ABBREVIATIONS
FEF
FESS
fet
FEV
FFA
FH
FHR
FHS
FHT
FIA
Fluor
fMRI
FMS
FNA
FOBT
FPG
fr
FRC
FROM
FS
FSH
FSP
FSS
FT
FTND
FTT
FU, F/U
FUO
FX, Fx
forced expiratory flow
functional endoscopic sinus surgery
fetus
forced expiratory volume
free fatty acids
family history
fetal heart rate
fetal heart sounds
fetal heart tones
fluorescent immunoassay; fluoroimmuno
assay
fluoroscopy
functional magnetic resonance imaging
fibromyalgia syndrome
fine-needle aspiration
fecal occult blood test
fasting plasma glucose
French (catheter size)
functional residual capacity
full range of motion
frozen section
follicle-stimulating hormone
fibrin-fibrinogen split products
functional endoscopic sinus surgery
family therapy
full-term normal delivery
failure to thrive
follow-up; follow up
fever of unknown origin
fracture
GFR
GG
GGT
GH
GHb
GI
GIFT
GIT
glau, glc
GLTT
gm
GN
GP
gr
grav I
GS
GSW
GT
GTT
gtt
GU
GVHD
GxT
GYN, Gyn
gingiva; glaucoma; glycogen
gram; gravida (pregnancy)
gastric analysis; general anesthesia
gallium
generalized anxiety disorder
gallbladder
glomerular basement membrane
gallbladder series; Guillain-Barré syndrome
glucocorticoids
gonorrhea
glucagon
growth and development
Graves’ disease
gestational diabetes mellitus
gastroenteritis
gastroesophageal reflux
gastroesophageal reflux disease
halluc
HASHD
HAV
HB
G
G
g
GA
ga
GAD
GB
GBM
GBS
G-Cs
GC
GCG
G&D
GD
GDM
GE
GER
GERD
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
AND
THEIR MEANINGS
521
glomerular filtration rate
gamma globulin
gamma-glutamyl transferase
growth hormone
glycohemoglobin
gastrointestinal
gamete intrafallopian transfer
gastrointestinal tract
glaucoma
glucose tolerance test
gram
glomerulonephritis
general practice
grain
pregnancy one; primigravida
general surgery
gunshot wound
glucose tolerance
glucose tolerance test
drops
genitourinary
graft-versus-host disease
graded exercise test
gynecology
H
H
h
H&H
HA
HAA
Hb
HBE
HbF
HBGM
HBP
HbS
HBV
HC
HCD
HCG
HCl
HCL
hydrogen; hypodermic; hyperopia
hour
hemoglobin and hematocrit
hemolytic anemia; histamine
hepatitis associated antigen; hepatitis
Australia antigen
hallucination
hypertensive arteriosclerotic heart disease
hepatitis A virus
heart block; hemoglobin; hepatitis B; His
bundle
hemoglobin
His bundle electrocardiogram
fetal hemoglobin
home blood glucose monitoring
high blood pressure
sickle cell hemoglobin
hepatitis B virus
Huntington’s cholera
heavy-chain disease
human chorionic gonadotropin
hydrochloric acid
hairy cell leukemia
4:37:07pm
521 of 532
S
N
L
522
APPENDIX B
HCT, Hct,
hct
HCV
HCVD
HD
S
N
L
HDL
HDN
HDS
HE
He
HEENT
HEM
HEM,
hemo
hemat
hemi
HF
HG
Hg
HgA1c
Hgb
HGE
HH
HIE
Hi, his
HIS, Histo,
histol
HIV
H&L
HL
HLA
HLR
HM
HMD
HMO
hmt
HNP
HO
HOB
H&P
HP
HPN
HPO
HPS
HPV
HR
hr
HRT
hematocrit
HS
hepatitis C virus
hypertensive cardiovascular disease
hearing distance; heart disease; hemodialysis; hip disarticulation; Hodgkin’s disease;
Huntington’s disease
high-density lipoproteins
hemolytic disease of the newborn
herniated disk syndrome
hereditary elliptocytosis; hyperextension
helium; hemorrhage
head, eyes, ears, nose, throat
hematuria
hemophilia; hemodialysis
hs, h.s.
HSG
HSV
HSV-1
HSV-2
HT
ht
HTO
HV
HVD
HVT
Hx
hypo
HYS
HZ
Hz
hematocrit
hemiplegia
heart failure
hypoglycemia
mercury
glycohemoglobin test
hemoglobin
human granulocytic ehrlichiosis
hiatal hernia
hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
histamine
histology
I
human immunodeficiency virus
heart and lungs
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
human leukocyte antigen
heart-lung resuscitation
hand motion; Holter monitor
hyaline membrane disease
health maintenance organization
hematocrit
herniated nucleus pulposus
hyperbaric oxygen
head of bed
history and physical
hemipelvectomy; hyperparathyroidism
hypertension
hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
human papilloma virus
heart rate
hour
hormone replacement therapy
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
hamstring; heavy smoker; herpes simplex;
hospital stay
at bedtime; hour of sleep
hysterosalpingogram
herpes simplex virus
oral herpes simplex virus type 1
herpes simplex virus type 2
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; hormone therapy
height; hematocrit
high tibial osteotomy
hallux valgus; hospital visit
hypertensive vascular disease
hyperventilation
history
hypodermic
hysteroscopy
herpes zoster
hertz
4/10/08
I
IABP
IACP
IADH
IASD
IBC
IBD
IBS
IC
ICCE
ICCU
ICD
ICF
ICP
ICS
ICSI
ICT
ICU
I&D
ID
IDC
IDD
IDDM
IDK
IDS
IEMG
IF
intensity of magnetism; iodine
intra-aortic balloon pump
intra-aortic counterpulsation
inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
interatrial septal defect
iron-binding capacity
inflammatory bowel disease
irritable bowel syndrome
inspiratory capacity; intermittent claudication; interstitial cystitis
intracapsular lens extraction
intensive coronary care unit
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
intracellular fluid
intracranial pressure
ileocecal sphincter; intercostal space
intracytoplasmic sperm injection
indirect Coombs’ test; insulin coma therapy
intensive care unit
incision and drainage
infectious disease; intradermal
infiltrating ductal carcinoma; invasive ductal
carcinoma
insulin-dependent diabetes
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
internal derangement of the knee
immunity deficiency state
integrated electromyogram
interferon; interstitial fluid
4:37:07pm
522 of 532
ABBREVIATIONS
IFG
Ig
IgA
IgD
IgE
IgG
IgM
IGT
IH
IHD
IL
ILC
ILD
IM
IMAG
IMF
IMI
IMV
inf
Inflam,
Inflamm
I&O
IO
IOD
IOL
IOP
IPF
IPG
IPPB
IQ
irrig
IS
ISG
isol
IT
ITP
IU
IUD
IUP
IV
IVC
IVCP
IVD
IVDA
IVF
IVFA
IVP
IVSD
IVU
impaired fasting glucose
immunoglobulin
immunoglobulin A
immunoglobulin D
immunoglobulin E
immunoglobulin G
immunoglobulin M
impaired glucose tolerance
infectious hepatitis; inguinal hernia
ischemic heart disease
interleukin
infiltrating lobar carcinoma; invasive lobular
carcinoma
interstitial lung diseases
infectious mononucleosis; intramuscular
internal mammary artery graft
idiopathic myelofibrosis
immunofluorescence
intermittent mandatory ventilation
inferior; infusion
inflammation
intake and output
intestinal obstruction; intraocular
iron-overload disease (hemochromatosis)
intraocular lens
intraocular pressure
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
impedance plethysmography
intermittent positive-pressure breathing
intelligence quotient
irrigation
impingement syndrome; intercostal space
immune serum globulin
isolation
immunotherapy
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
international unit
intrauterine device
intrauterine pressure
intravenous; intravenously
inferior vena cava
inferior vena cava pressure
intervertebral disk
intravenous drug abuse
in vitro fertilization
intravenous fluorescein angiography
intravenous pyelogram
interventricular septal defect
intravenous urogram
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
AND
THEIR MEANINGS
523
J
jaundice
junctions
juvenile-onset diabetes
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
joint
jugular venous pressure; jugular venous
pulse
j, jaund
jct
JOD
JRA
Jt
JVP
K
potassium
ketone bodies
key clinical findings
potassium chloride
knee disarticulation
kinetic energy
kilogram
knee jerk
keep open
potassium hydrochloride
Kaposi’s sarcoma
kidneys, ureters, bladder
keep vein open
K
KB
KCF
KCl
KD
KE
kg
kj
KO
KOH
KS
KUB
KVO
L
l
L1 through
L5
L&A
LA
lab
lac
LAD
LAP
lap
lar, lx
laryn
laser
LASIK
lat
LAVH
LB
lb
LBBB
LBP
liter
lumbar vertebrae
light and accommodation
left atrium
laboratory
laceration
left anterior descending
laparoscopy; leucine aminopeptidase
laparotomy
larynx
laryngitis; laryngoscopy
light amplification by stimulated emission of
radiation
laser in situ keratomileusis
lateral
laparoscopically assisted vaginal
hysterectomy
large bowel; low back
pound
left bundle branch block
low back pain
4:37:07pm
523 of 532
S
N
L
524
APPENDIX B
LBW
LBBX
LCIS
L&D
LDD
LDL
LE
LES
lg
LH
LHBD
LHF
lig
liq
litho
LLE
LLL
LLQ
LLSB
L/min
LMP
LNMP
LOC
LOM
LOS
LP
LPF
LPS
LR
LRDKT
LRT
LSB
lt
LTB
LTC
LTH
LUE
LUL
LUQ
LV
LVH
lymphs
low birth weight
left breast biopsy and examination
lobular carcinoma in situ
labor and delivery
light-dark discrimination
low-density lipoproteins
left eye; life expectancy; lower extremity;
lupus erythematosus; lymphedema
lower esophageal sphincter
large
luteinizing hormone
left heart bypass device
left-sided heart failure
ligament
liquid
lithotripsy
lower left extremity
left lower lobe
left lower quadrant
left lower sternal border
liters per minute
last menstrual period
last normal menstrual period
level of consciousness; loss of consciousness
limitation of motion; loss of motion
length of stay
light perception; lumbar puncture; lumboperitoneal
low-power field
lipase
light reaction
living related donor kidney transplant
lower respiratory tract
left sternal border
left
laryngotracheobronchitis
long-term care
lactogenic hormone; luteotropic hormone
left upper extremity
left upper lobe
left upper quadrant
left ventricle
left ventricle hypertrophy
lymphocytes
M
S
N
L
M
MABS
MAO
meter; murmur; myopia
monoclonal antibodies
maximal acid output; monoamine oxidase
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
MAR
MBC
MBD
mc
mcg
MCH
MCHC
MCT
MCV
MD
MDS
MDR-TB
ME
MED
men
men,
mgtis
mEq
MET
met
M&F
MFT
mg
MG
mgm
MH
MHC
MI
MICU
MID
MIDCAB
MIP
ml, mL
MLD
MM
mm
mm Hg
MND
MNT
MO
MODY
MOM
mono
multiple antibiotic resistant
maximal breathing capacity
minimal brain damage
millicurie
microgram
mean corpuscular hemoglobin
mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration
mean circulation time
mean corpuscular volume
macular degeneration; medical doctor;
muscular dystrophy
myelodysplastic syndrome
multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
middle ear
minimal effective dose; minimal erythema
dose
meningitis; menstruation
meningitis
milliequivalent
metastasis
metastasize
mother and father
muscle function test
milligram
myasthenia gravis
milligram
malignant hyperpyrexia; malignant hyperthermia; marital history
mental health care
mitral insufficiency; myocardial infarction
medical intensive care unit; mobile intensive
care unit
multi-infarct dementia
minimally invasive direct coronary artery
bypass
maximal inspiratory pressure
milliliter
manual lymph drainage; minimum lethal
dose
multiple myeloma; malignant melanoma
millimeter
millimeters of mercury
motor neuron disease
medical nutrition therapy
morbid obesity
maturity-onset diabetes of the young
milk of magnesia
monocytes
4:37:08pm
524 of 532
ABBREVIATIONS
MP
MPD
MR
MRA
MRD
MRI
MS
MSH
MTD
MTS
MTX
MV
MVP
MY, Myop
myel
myop
metacarpal-phalangeal
myofascial pain dysfunction
mental retardation; metabolic rate; mitral
regurgitation
magnetic resonance angiography
medical record department
magnetic resonance imaging
mitral stenosis; multiple sclerosis; musculoskeletal
melanocyte-simulating hormone
right eardrum
left eardrum
methotrexate
mitral valve
mitral valve prolapse
myopia
myelogram
myopia
No
noc, noct
NOFTT
NP
NPC
NPO
NR
NREM
NS
nose and throat
not applicable; numerical aperture
sodium
sodium chloride
no acute disease; no apparent distress
newborn
no complaints
nerve conduction velocity
no evidence of disease
negative
nephron
neurology
National Formulary; necrotizing fasciitis;
neurofibromatosis
nasogastric (tube)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
nerve growth factor
nongonococcal urethritis
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
nuclear imaging
neurologic intensive care unit
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
natural killer cell
no known allergies
neurolinguistic programming
nerves and muscles; night and morning
nuclear medicine
neuromuscular
nuclear magnetic resonance
NVS
NYD
ny
N
N&T
NA
Na
NaCl
NAD
NB
N/C
NCV
NED
NEG, neg
Neph
neuro
NF
N/G
ng
NGF
NGU
NHL
NI
NICU
NIDDM
NK cell
NKA
NLP
N&M
NM
nm
NMR
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
NSAID
NSR
nst
NSU
Nt
NTD
NTG
N&V
NVA
NVD
AND
THEIR MEANINGS
525
number
night
nonorganic failure to thrive
nasopharynx
no point of convergence
nothing by mouth
no response
no rapid eye movements
nephrotic syndrome; normal saline; not
stated; not significant; not sufficient
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
normal sinus rhythm
nystagmus
nonspecific urethritis
neutralization
neural tube defect
nitroglycerin
nausea and vomiting
near visual acuity
nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; neck vein
distention
neural vital signs
not yet diagnosed
nystagmus
O
OA
OAB
OB
OB-GYN
obl
OBS
Obs
OC
OCC
OCD
OCT
OD
od
OGN
OGTT
oint
OJD
OM
OME
OMR
OOB
O&P
OP
osteoarthritis
overactive bladder
obstetrics
obstetrics and gynecology
oblique
organic brain syndrome
obstetrics
office call; oral contraceptive
occasional
obsessive compulsive disorder
oral contraceptive therapy
overdose; right eye (oculus dexter)
once a day
obstetric-gynecologic-neonatal
oral glucose tolerance test
ointment
osteoarthritic joint disease
otitis media
otitis media with effusion
optic mark recognition
out of bed
ova and parasites
oropharynx; osteoporosis; outpatient
4:37:08pm
525 of 532
S
N
L
526
APPENDIX B
oropharyngeal airway
outpatient department
ophthalmic
outpatient
oral poliovirus vaccine
operating room
open reduction internal fixation
oral rehydration therapy
orthopedics
left eye (oculus sinister)
mouth
obstructive sleep apnea
occupational therapy; old tuberculin
over-the-counter
otology
each eye (oculus unitas)
ounce
oxytocin
OPA
OPD
Ophth
OPT
OPV
OR
ORIF
ORT
Orth
OS
os
OSA
OT
OTC
Oto
OU
oz
OXT
P
P
P&A
PA
PA, pa
PAC
PACAB
PADP
PAMP
Pap
PAR
S
N
L
PARA (P1)
paren
PASP
PAT
Path
Pb
PBC
PBI
PBP
PBT4
PC
p.c.
percussion; phosphorus; physiology; posterior; presbyopia; progesterone; prolactin;
pulse
percussion and auscultation
pernicious anemia; physician’s assistant;
polyarteritis; posteroanterior; pulmonary
artery
pathology
premature atrial contraction
port-access coronary artery bypass
pulmonary artery diastolic pressure
pulmonary arterial mean pressure
Papanicolaou smear
perennial allergic rhinitis; postanesthetic
recovery
full-term infants delivered
parenterally
pulmonary artery systolic pressure
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
pathology
presbyopia
primary biliary cirrhosis
protein-bound iodine
progressive bulbar palsy
protein-bound thyroxine
pheochromocytoma; prostate cancer
after meals
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
PCA
PCKD,
PKD
PCNL
PCO,
PCOS
PCP
PCT
PCU
PCV
PD
PDA
PDD
PDL
PE
PEA
Peds
PEEP
PEF
PEG
PEL
per
PERLA
PERRLA
PET
PFT
PG
PGH
PGL
PH
pH
PHN
PI
PICU
PID
PIF
PIH
PK
PKD
PKR
PKU
PL
pl
PLC
PLMS
prostate cancer
polycystic kidney disease
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
polycystic ovary syndrome
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
plasmacrit time
progressive care unit
packed cell volume
interpupillary distance; Parkinson’s disease;
peritoneal dialysis; postural drainage
patent ductus arteriosus
pervasive developmental disorder
periodontal ligament
physical examination; preeclampsia
pulseless electrical activity
pediatrics
positive end-expiratory pressure
peak expiratory flow rate
pneumoencephalogram; pneumoencephalography
permissible exposure limit
by; through
pupils equally reactive (responsive) to light
and accommodation
pupils equal, round, reactive to light and
accommodation
positron emission tomography; preeclamptic toxemia
pulmonary function test
pregnant; prostaglandin
pituitary growth hormone
persistent generalized lymphadenopathy
past history; personal history; public health
acidity; hydrogen ion concentration
postherpetic neuralgia
present illness
pulmonary intensive care unit
pelvic inflammatory disease
peak inspiratory flow
pregnancy-induced hypertension
pyruvate kinase; pyruvate kinase deficiency
polycystic kidney disease
partial knee replacement
phenylketonuria
light perception
placenta
platelet count
periodic limb movements in sleep
4:37:08pm
526 of 532
ABBREVIATIONS
PLS
PLTS
PM
PMA
PMDD
PMH
PMI
PMN
PMP
PMR
PMS
PMT
PMVS
PN
PN, Pn,
PNA,
pneu,
pneum
PND
PNH
Pno
PNP
PNS
PO, p.o.
POC
polys
POMR
POS
pos
post-op
PP
ppb
PPBS
PPD
ppm
PPS
PPT
PPV
PR
Pr
pr
PRA
PRC
PRE
primary lateral sclerosis
platelets
evening or afternoon; physical medicine;
polymyositis; postmortem
progressive muscular atrophy
premenstrual dysphoric disorder
past medical history
point of maximal impulse
polymorphonuclear neutrophils
past menstrual period; previous menstrual
period
physical medicine and rehabilitation; polymyalgia rheumatica
premenstrual syndrome
premenstrual tension
prolapsed mitral valve syndrome
peripheral neuropathy; postnatal
pneumonia
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; postnasal drip
postnatal headache
pneumothorax
peripheral neuropathy
parasympathetic nervous system; peripheral
nervous system
by mouth; orally; phone order; postoperative
products of conception
polymorphonuclear leukocytes
problem-oriented medical record
polycystic ovary syndrome
positive
postoperatively
placenta previa; postpartum; postprandial
(after meals); pulse pressure
parts per billion
postprandial blood sugar
purified protein derivative
parts per million
postperfusion syndrome; postpolio syndrome; progressive systemic sclerosis
partial prothrombin time
positive-pressure ventilation
peripheral resistance; pulse rate
presbyopia; prism
by rectum
plasma renin activity
packed red cells
progressive restrictive exercise
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
preg
preop
prep
PRK
p.r.n.
proct
prog,
progn
PROM
pro time
PRRE
Prx
PS, Ps
PSA
PSS
psych
PT
pt
PTA
PTE
PTC
PTCA
PTD
PTE
PTH
PTSD
PTT
PU
PUD
pul
P&V
PV
PVC
PVD
PVE
PVOD
PVS
PVT
pvt
PWB
PWP
Px
AND
THEIR MEANINGS
527
pregnant
preoperative
prepare
photorefractive keratectomy
as needed
proctology
prognosis
passive range of motion; premature rupture
of membranes
prothrombin time
pupils round, regular, and equal
prognosis
psoriasis
prostate-specific antigen
progressive systemic sclerosis; physiologic
saline solution
psychiatry
paroxysmal tachycardia; physical therapy;
prothrombin time
patient; pint
percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
pulmonary thromboembolism
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
percutaneous transluminal coronary
angioplasty
permanent and total disability
parathyroid extract; pulmonary thromboembolism
parathyroid hormone; parathormone
posttraumatic stress disorder
partial thromboplastin time; prothrombin
time
peptic ulcer; pregnancy urine; prostatic
urethra
peptic ulcer disease; pulmonary disease
pulmonary
pyloroplasty and vagotomy
peripheral vascular; plasma volume; polycythemia vera
premature ventricular contraction
peripheral vascular disease
prosthetic valve endocarditis
peripheral vascular occlusive disease
persistent vegetative state
paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia
private
partial weight-bearing
pulmonary wedge pressure
prognosis
4:37:08pm
527 of 532
S
N
L
528
APPENDIX B
Q
q
qd, q.d.
qh, q.h
q2h
QID, qid,
q.i.d.
qm
qn
qns
qod
qoh
QOL
qs
qt
q.q.
quad
every
every day
every hour
every 2 hours
four times a day
every morning
every night
quantity not sufficient
every other day
every other hour
quality of life
quantity sufficient
quart; quiet
each
quadrant; quadriplegia; quadriplegic
R
R
RA
rad
RAF
RAI
RAIU
RAS
RAST
RAT
RBBB
RBC
RBCV
RBE
RCA
RD
RDA
RDS
RE
reg
rehab
rem
REM sleep
RER
resp
RF
S
N
L
RFS
RH
rectal; respiration; right
refractory anemia; rheumatoid arthritis;
right arm; right atrium
radiation absorbed dose
rheumatoid arthritis factor
radioactive iodine
radioactive iodine uptake determination
reticular activating system
radioallergosorbent
radiation therapy
right bundle branch block
red blood cell; red blood count
red blood cell volume
relative biologic effects
right coronary artery
respiratory distress; retinal detachment
recommended daily allowance
respiratory distress syndrome
right eye
regular
rehabilitation
roentgen-equivalent-man
rapid eye movement sleep
renal excretion rate
respiration
renal failure; respiratory failure; rheumatoid
factor; rheumatic fever
renal function study
right hand
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
RHD
Rh neg
Rh pos
RIA
RICE
Rick
RIST
RK
RL
RLC
RLD
RLE
RLL
RLQ
RLS
RM
RMD
RML
RMSF
RNA
RND
R/O
ROA
ROM
ROP
ROPS
ROS
ROT
RP
RPF
RPG
rpm
RPO
RPR
RQ
R&R
RR
RSD
RSDS
RSHF
RSI
RSR
RSV
RT
rt
RTA
rt lat
rheumatic heart disease
Rhesus factor negative
Rhesus factor positive
radioimmunoassay
rest, ice, compression, elevate
rickettsia
radioimmunosorbent
radial keratotomy
right leg
residual lung capacity
related living donor
right lower extremity
right lower lobe
right lower quadrant
restless legs syndrome
respiratory movement
repetitive motion disorder
right mediolateral
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
ribonucleic acid
radical neck dissection
rule out
radiopaque agents
range of motion; rupture of membranes
retinopathy of prematurity
rollover protection structures
review of systems
right occipitis transverse
radiopharmaceuticals; Raynaud’s phenomenon; relapsing polychondritis; retrograde
pyelogram
renal plasma flow
retrograde pyelogram
revolutions per minute
right posterior oblique
rapid plasma reagin
respiratory quotient
rate and rhythm
recovery room; respiratory rate
repetitive stress disorder
reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome
right-sided heart failure
repetitive stress injuries
regular sinus rhythm
right subclavian vein
radiation therapy; renal transplantation;
respiratory therapy
right; routine
renal tubular acidosis
right lateral
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ABBREVIATIONS
rtd
RU
RUE
RUL
RUQ
RV
RVG
RVH
RVS
RW
Rx
retarded
roentgen unit; routine urinalysis
right upper extremity
right upper lobe
right upper quadrant
residual volume; right ventricle
radionuclide ventriculogram
right ventricular hypertrophy
relative value schedule
ragweed
prescription; take; therapy; treatment
S
s
S-A
S&A
SA
SAAT
SAB
SACH
SAD
SAH
SAL
Sal, Salm
SALP
Salpx
SAM
SARS
SAS
SB
SBE
SBO
SC, sc
SC
SCA
SCC
SCD
schiz
SCI
SCID
SCT
SD
without
sinoatrial node
sugar and acetone
salicylic acid; sinoatrial; sperm analysis;
surgeon’s assistant
serum aspartate aminotransferase
spontaneous abortion
self-assessed change in health
seasonal affective disorder
subarachnoid hemorrhage
sensorineural activity level; sterility assurance level; suction-assisted lipectomy
salmonella
salpingectomy; salpingography; serum
alkaline phosphatase
salpingectomy
self-administered medication program
severe acute respiratory syndrome
short arm splint; sleep apnea syndrome; social
adjustment scale; subarachnoid space
small bowel; spina bifida; stillbirth; suction
biopsy
subacute bacterial endocarditis
small bowel obstruction
subcutaneous
Snellen chart; spinal cord
sickle cell anemia
squamous cell carcinoma
sudden cardiac death
schizophrenia
spinal cord injury
severe combined immune deficiency
sickle cell trait
septal defect; shoulder disarticulation;
spontaneous delivery; standard deviation;
sudden death
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
SDAT
SDM
SDS
sec
sed rate
seg
SEM
semi
SES
sev
SF
SG
SGA
SH
sh
SI
SICU
SIDS
sig
SIRS
SIS
SISI
SLE
SLND
SLPS
SM
sm
SMA
SMAC
SMG
SMR
SMRR
SNR
SNRI
SNS
SO
SOAP
SOB
SOM
SONO
SOP
sos
spec
SPECT
SPF
AND
THEIR MEANINGS
529
senile dementia of Alzheimer’s type
standard deviation of the mean
sudden death syndrome
second
sedimentation rate
segmented neutrophils
scanning electron microscopy
half
subcutaneous electric stimulation
sever; severed
scarlet fever; spinal fluid
serum globulin; skin graft
small for gestational age
serum hepatitis; sex hormone; social history
shoulder
saturation index
surgical intensive care unit
sudden infant death syndrome
let it be labeled
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
saline infusion sonohysterography
short increment sensitivity index
St. Louis encephalitis; systemic lupus
erythematosus
sentinel lymph node dissection
serum lipase
simple mastectomy
small
sequential multiple analysis
sequential multiple analysis computer
senile macular degeneration
submucous resection
submucous resection and rhinoplasty
signal-to-noise ratio
serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake
inhibitor
sensory nervous system; sympathetic
nervous system
salpingo-oophorectomy
symptoms, observations, assessments, plan;
subjective, objective, assessment, plan
shortness of breath
serous otitis media
sonography
standard operating procedure
if necessary
specimen
single photon emission computerized
tomography
skin protective factor; sun protective factor
4:37:09pm
529 of 532
S
N
L
530
APPENDIX B
sp gr
SPP
SPR
SQ
SR
SRS
ss
SS
SSE
SSRI
SSU
ST
staph
stat
STD
STH
STK
strab
strep
STS
STSG
subcu,
sub-Q
SUI
supp
surg
SVC
SVD
SVG
SVN
SX
Sx
Sz
specific gravity
suprapubic prostatectomy
scanned projection radiography
subcutaneous
sedimentation rate; stimulus response;
system review
smoker’s respiratory syndrome
half
signs and symptoms; Sjögren’s syndrome;
soap solution
soap suds enema
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
sterile supply unit
esotropia; sclerotherapy
staphylococcus
immediately
sexually transmitted disease; skin test dose
somatotropic hormone
streptokinase
strabismus
streptococcus
serologic test for syphilis
split thickness skin graft
subcutaneous
stress urinary incontinence
suppository
surgical; surgery
superior vena cava
spontaneous vaginal delivery
saphenous vein graft
small volume nebulizer
symptom reduction
symptoms
seizure
S
N
L
temperature; thrombosis
thoracic vertebrae
triiodothyronine
thyroxine
tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
therapeutic abortion
tablet
target air-enema computed tomography
tumor angiogenesis factor
total abdominal hysterectomy
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
TAO
TB
TBD
TBF
TBG
TBI
TBW
TCD
TCDB
TCP
TD
TDM
TDT
TE
TEE
temp
TEN
TENS
TES
TFS
TGA
THA
THR
TIA
TIA-IR
TIBC
TID, tid,
t.i.d.
tinct
TJA
TKA
TKO
TKR
TLC
TLE
TM
TMD
T
T
T1 through
T12
T3
T4
T&A
TA, TAB
tab
TACT
TAF
TAH
TAH-BSO
4/10/08
TMJ
TMs
Tn
TND
TNF
TNI
TNM
TO
top
total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral
salpingo-oophorectomy
thromboangiitis obliterans
tuberculosis
total body density
total body fat
thyroxine-binding globulin
thyroxine-binding index
total body weight
transcranial doppler
turn, cough, deep breathe
time care profile
total disability; transdermal
therapeutic drug monitoring
tone decay test
tetanus; tonsillectomy
transesophageal echocardiography
temperature
toxic epidermal necrolysis
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
treadmill exercise score
thyroid function studies
transposition of great arteries
total hip arthroplasty
total hip replacement
transient ischemic attack
transient ischemic attack incomplete
recovery
total iron-binding capacity
times interval difference; three times a day
tincture
total joint arthroplasty
total knee arthroplasty
to keep open
total knee replacement
tender loving care; total lung capacity
temporal lobe epilepsy
temporomandibular; tympanic membrane
temporomandibular disease; temporomandibular disorder
temporomandibular joint
tympanic membranes
normal intraocular tension
term normal delivery
tumor necrosis factor
total nodal irradiation
tumor, nodes, metastases
telephone order
topically
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ABBREVIATIONS
TP
TPA, tPA
TPBF
TPI
TPN
TPR
TPUR
TR
tr
trach
TRBF
TRH
Trich
TS
TSD
TSE
TSH
TSP
TSS
TST
TT
TTH
TULIP
TUMT
TUR
TURP
TV
TVH
TW
TWE
Tx
testosterone propionate; total protein
tissue plasminogen activator; Treponema
pallidum agglutination
total pulmonary blood flow
Treponema pallidum immobilization
total parenteral nutrition
temperature, pulse, respiration
transperineal urethral resection
tuberculin residue
tincture
trachea; tracheostomy
total renal blood flow
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
trichomonas
Tourette syndrome
Tay-Sachs disease
testicular self-examination
thyroid-stimulating hormone
total serum protein
toxic shock syndrome
thallium stress test; tuberculin skin test
thrombin time
thyrotropic hormone
transurethral ultrasound-guided laserinduced proctectomy
transurethral microwave therapy
transurethral resection
transurethral resection of prostate;
prostatectomy
tidal volume; tricuspid valve
total vaginal hysterectomy
tap water
tap water enema
traction; treatment
U
U
U/A, UA
UB
UC
UCD
UCG
UCR
UE
UFR
UG
UGI
units
urinalysis
urinary bladder
ulcerative colitis; urine culture; uterine
contractions
usual childhood diseases
urinary chorionic gonadotropin; uterine
chorionic gonadotropin
unconditioned reflex
upper extremity
uroflowmeter; uroflowmetry
upper gastrointestinal; urogenital
upper gastrointestinal
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
UK
UL
ULQ
umb
UN
ung
UOQ
UPP
UR
ur
URD
URI
urol
URQ
URT
US
USP
UTI
UV
UVJ
AND
THEIR MEANINGS
531
unknown
upper lobe
upper left quadrant
umbilical; umbilicus
urea nitrogen
ointment
upper outer quadrant
urethral pressure profile
upper respiratory
urine
upper respiratory disease
upper respiratory infection
urology
upper right quadrant
upper respiratory tract
ultrasonic; ultrasonography
United States Pharmacopeia
urinary tract infection
ultraviolet
ureterovesical junction
V
ventral; visual acuity
vacuum aspiration; visual acuity
vaginal
vasectomy
viable birth
vaginal birth after cesarean
ventricular premature beat
acuity of color vision; vena cava; vital
capacity
VCUG
voiding cystourethrogram
VD
venereal disease
VDG
venereal disease, gonorrhea
VDH
valvular disease of heart
VDRL
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory
VDS
venereal disease, syphilis
VE
visual efficiency
Vent, ventr ventral
VEP
visual evoked potential
VER
visual evoked response
VF
ventricular fibrillation; visual field; vocal
fremitus
V fib
ventricular fibrillation
VG
ventricular gallop
VH
vaginal hysterectomy
VHD
valvular heart disease; ventricular heart
disease
VI
volume index
V
VA
vag
VAS
VB
VBAC
VBP
VC
4:37:10pm
531 of 532
S
N
L
532
APPENDIX B
vital capacity
very-low-density lipoprotein
venipuncture; venous pressure
vagotomy and pyloroplasty
ventricular premature contraction
volume of packed red cells
vital signs
ventricular septal defect
vascular targeting agents
varicose veins
vesicovaginal fistula
varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox)
vit cap
VLDL
VP
V&P
VPC
VPRC
VS, vs
VSD
VTAs
VV
VVF
VZV
w/o
WR, W.r.
wt
w/v
X
X
x
XDP
XM
XR
XT
XU
W
W
WA
WB
WBC
W/C, w/c
wd
WD, w/d
WDWN
wf
w/n
WNL
without
Wassermann reaction
weight
weight by volume
water
while awake
weight-bearing; whole blood
white blood cell; white blood count
wheelchair
wound
well-developed
well-developed, well-nourished
white female
well-nourished
within normal limits
xerophthalmia
multiplied by; times
xeroderma pigmentosum
cross-match
x-ray
exotropia
excretory urogram
Y
y/o
YOB
yr
year(s) old
year of birth
year
Z
Z
zyg
atomic number; no effect; zero
zygote
S
N
L
D4623-Ehrlich_App_B
4/10/08
4:37:10pm
532 of 532